Cladiri Inalte C14 Sustenabilitate

8/12/2019 Cladiri Inalte C14 Sustenabilitate

1/27


2/27

Introducere

Dezvoltare sustenabila (sommet-ul de la Rio, 1992):

Development which meets the needs of the present generation

without compromising the ability of future generations to meettheir own needs.

Biblio:

[1] Mir M. Ali and Paul J. Armstrong, Overview of Sustainable Design Factors inHigh-Rise Buildings, CTBUH 8th World Congress 2008.

[2] Mir M. Ali and Paul J. Armstrong, Strategies for Integrated Design of SustainableTall Buildings, AIA Report on research, 2006.

[3] Will Pank, Herbert Girardet, Greg Cox, Tall Buildings and Sustainability, Report

for the corporation of London, 2002.

[4] Rovers Ronald, How Tall is a sustainable building?, XXIII UIA World Congress ofArchitects, Torino, Italy 2008.


3/27

Ce face o cladire sa fie verde?

Cladirile verzi sunt proiectate ca sa indeplineasca anumite obiective, cumar fi protejarea sanatatii ocupantilor; imbunatatirea productivitatii angajatilor;utilizarea energiei, apei si a altor resurse mai eficient; reducerea impactuluiglobal asupra mediului

Care sunt beneficiile economice alecladirilor verzi?

O cladire verde poate avea un cost initial mai mare, dar economisesteprin costuri de functionare mai reduse pe timpul pierioadei de exploatarea constructiei. Abordarea verde implica utilizarea unei analize a costuluipe durata de viata pentru a determina care este costul initial optim.


4/27

Care sunt elementele unei cladiri verzi?

Amplasament

Eficienta Energetica Materiale Eficiente

Eficienta in folosirea apei


5/27

Amplasament si utilizarea terenului

Accommodating the same number of people in a tall building of 50 storeysas in a large building of 5 storeys requires roughly one tenth of the land [3].

Accommodate or die : To remain a major world city London mustaccommodate significant growth within its existing boundaries. [Tall Buildings inLondon: Vision of the Future or Victims of the Past? Development Securities PLC by Ricky Burdett,

Kathryn Firth, Tony Travers with Victoria Scalongne and Antonio Lipthay of the LSE Cities]

,


6/27

Forma cladirii si utilizarea

The exterior shape and texture of large buildings make up the views that peoplesee of the City, and form many of the impressions they take away from it. Tallbuildings already punctuate Londons skyline while their services at street leveladd texture to the grain of the City. [3]


7/27

The average life of buildings in the UK is 50 years, whereas the average length ofoccupancy is 7 years12. The majority of tall buildings in London are initially financed bycommercial developers and leased to the occupiers for a number of years. As the socio-economic drivers change throughout the lifespan of a building, so the demands on thebuilding alter.

Designing new buildings for flexibility of use and the potential for future change helpsensure their usefulness throughout their life.

Reusin a buildin s structure and over-claddin allows im rovements to be made to the

Forma cladirii si utilizarea

energy efficiency of towers with use of modern controlled heating and cooling systemsspecially designed for the altered use of the building.


8/27

Structura cladirii

Impactul tipului de planseu

Embodied Eco Distribution ofBuilding Materials

Embodied Ecopoints of Flooring Options


9/27

Structura cladirii

Stabilitate si eficienta structurala

Comparatie intre structurile de otel [3] Comparatie intre structurile de beton [3]


10/27


11/27


12/27

Energie inglobata in materiale

Intr-o cladire de birouri tipica, energia inlobata reprezinta 10-20 % dinenergia totala consumata pe durata medie de viata de 50 de ani. [3]

Energie inglobata in materialele de constructie in USA [3]


13/27

Energie inglobata in materiale

Concrete accounts for 5-7% of the worlds CO2 emissions.1 tonne of cement: uses 4000-7500 MJ energy releases 1-1.2 tonnes CO2

Cement replacement materials can make concrete more sustainable:Pulverised fuel ash (PFA) requires 150-400 MJ/tonneGround blast-furnace slag requires 700-1000MJ/tonne

Steel is used as the primary structure in 70 per cent of multi-storey buildings in theUK. Energy consumption inproduction has reduced by 30 per cent over the past 30years.

1 tonne of hot-rolled steel produced from iron ore requires 31000 MJ energy.

1 tonne of steel from recycled scrap requires 11000 MJ energy (SCI).

Recycled 86 per centReused 13 per centLand-filled 1 per cent


14/27

Utilizarea energiei


15/27

Utilizarea energiei in cladiri de birouri


16/27


Dar consumul creste cu inaltimea


17/27



18/27

Utilizarea energiei in cladiri

Ecology of the Building Geometry - Environmental performance of different building shapes ,Andy van den Dobbelsteen, Simon Thijssen, Valentina Colaleo & Thomas Metz , paper atCIB2007 congress

Extremele se ating cladirea turn si cladirea omida au acelasi index de eficienta!


19/27

Iluminatul

Issues for luminaires in tall buildings:

Integration with daylight

Building identification on flight paths External lighting and the buildings visual appearance Minimising external Light Spill and Light Pollution


20/27

Transportul pe verticala

External Lift and Stair Cores for the LloydsRegister of Shipping Building


21/27

Apa si canal

Cateva metode pentru reducrerea consumului de apa::

- Rainwater Collection

- Low Flow Wash Hand Basins- Dual Flow WCs- Dry Urinals- Grey water recycling


22/27

Orientation on Plan: Daylight and Passive Solar Gain

Tower 42 and Cluster of Existing Tall Buildings in the City


23/27

Building Shape and the Effects of Wind

The shape and profile of a tallbuilding determines its performancein wind.Shape not only affects the loading onthe structure, but also has an impact

on conditions in the surroundingstreets and buildings.

Good aerodynamic design has abeneficial impact on the structuralframe of a tower in terms of

materials, and on the comfort ofpedestrians at ground level.


24/27

Building Shape and the Effects of Wind

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Flower Tower Plan


25/27

Faade Engineering

Ventilated Double Skin Faade on the HSBC Headquarters


26/27

Towards the Sustainable Operation of Tall Buildings

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Photovoltaics Wind turbines

Fuel Cells Water Conservation


27/27

Towards the Sustainable Operation of Tall Buildings

Potentialul fotovoltaic in diverse orase:

Documents

Cladiri Inalte C14 Sustenabilitate