Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Page 1
CIGRÉ U.S. Next Generation Network
(NGN)
November 9, 2015
Page 2
What is the US Next Generation Network (US NGN)?
The CIGRÉ U.S. NGN was established for young engineers who have begun to progress their career within the power industry.
• US NGN Membership- Power systems industry experience of 10 years or less- Students (FREE) or professionals (50% Reduction Young member) - Become a CIGRÉ US NGN member - http://cigre.wpengine.com/membership/
• Provide opportunities for technical and personal development- Networking opportunities- Advance Technical Skills- Collaborate with peers across US and abroad
Page 3
Ways to get involved
• Participate in webinars and tutorials• Attend the Grid of the Future Symposium• Participate in the International Paper
Competition• Join the NGN Executive Committee• Expand Technical knowledge through CIGRE
Working Groups
Page 4
NGN Executive Committee
• Amanda Olson – Burns & McDonnell• Chris Mertz – Dominion• Christin Domian – MEPPI• Diana Lee – VELCO• Jason MacLeod – Burns & McDonnell• Jessica Lau – ISO New England• Josh Snodgrass – Duke Energy• Kyle Thomas – Dominion• Ryan Quint – NERC• Saeed Kamalinia – S&C Electric
Page 5
Join CIGRÉ!
Questions or suggestions?
Contact NGN Executive Committee at:
Visit our website for more information:
http://cigre-usnc.org/ngn
Page 6
Today’s speaker
Wanda Reder• Chief Strategy Officer at S&C
Electric Company• Active CIGRE member since
2008• Involved in CIGRE Working
Groups• Served on IEEE PES Governing
Board since 2002 & 1st female president of IEEE PES Society
• Received IEEE TAB Hall of Honor Award (2013) & IEEE Richard M. Emberson Award (2014)
Wanda RederChief Strategy Officer, S&C Electric Company
IEEE Board of Directors, Division VII
São Paulo Brazil
Power Industry Crossroads Includes Smart Grid Technologies,
Renewables and Storage
CIGRE Next Generation Network WebinarNovember 9, 2015
CIGRE Next Generation Network WebinarNovember 9, 2015
1
S&C Delivers Grid Modernization
Grid Edge
Storage
10’s of kWSubstation Batteries
10’s of MW
Source: Graphics adapted from an EPRI Presentation
Distributed Intelligence
and Control
Micro-grids
Solar Integration
Dynamic VARs
Cutout Mounted
Recloser
2
Overview
• Grid Trends and Drivers
• Recent investments
• Modern grid improves reliability
• Technology changes things!
• Renewables and storage
integration examples
• What’s next?
3
Heightened Investor DemandsHeightened Investor Demands
Escalating Security ConcernsEscalating Security Concerns
Increasing Environmental Requirements Increasing Environmental Requirements
Infrastructure is more prone to failureInfrastructure is more prone to failure
Grid Trends and Drivers
Growing Population, More Electronics Growing Population, More Electronics
Driving
Technology
&
Policy
Decisions
4
5
Recognizing the need for Power
Sources: “The Ampere Strikes Back: How Consumer Electronics Are Taking Over The World,” Energy Saving Trust, June 2007; “The Rise of The Machines: A Review of Energy Using Products In The Home From The 1970s to Today” Energy Saving Trust, June 2006; “Electric Power – The Next Generation: The Intelligent Grid,” CenterPoint Energy, April 2007
5
How Can We Not Change?
• Customer expectations are
increasing, and yet…
• Vulnerabilities are increasing
� Climate Change
� Aging Assets
� Physical and Cyber security
� Need for flexibility
Source: US DOE (2013) Energy Sector Vulnerabilities to Climate Change
‘Frankenstorm’ Sandy hits USOctober 29, 2012
Grid modernization is a MUST for
increased resiliency!
6
Vulnerability from Climatic Conditions
Cooling water intake
or discharge too hot:
Reduced generation
from power plants
Water restrictions
due to drought:
Limiting shale gas
and power production
Wildfires: Damaged
transmission lines
Lower water levels:
Reduced hydropower
Lower river levels: Restricted
barge transportation of coal
and petroleum products
Intense storms: Disrupted
power generation,
distribution and oil /gas
operations
Flooding: Impacts on
inland power plants
7
Source: U.S. DOE (2013), U.S. Energy Sector Vulnerabilities to Climate Change and Extreme Weather.
Can We Afford To Not Change?
‘Frankenstorm’ Sandy hits USOctober 29, 2012
Grid modernization is a MUST for
increased utilization, reliability
and resiliency!
U.S. Power Outages Affecting 50,000 Customers Caused by Extreme Weather
(Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
(Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
Energy mix: 2011 - 2035
� Natural gas: 21% to ?%
� Coal: 49% to 25%
� Renewables: 4% to ?%
Energy Security Changes
Policy Developments
Implications…
Source: Black & Veatch Analysis - Energy Market Perspective
Changing Energy Landscape
9
The Future Grid Changes Things…
10
Make Energy:
• More distributed supply
• Accommodate growth
Move Energy:
• More flexible, adaptable,
intelligent, resilient
• Increase visibility
Use Energy:
• Integrate end-use activity
• Empower customers
Apply Technologies:
• Energy storage
• Power electronics
• Distributed intelligence
• Adaptive protection
• Layered architecture
• Self-diagnostic, healing
• Data, cyber, analytics
Source: IEEE GridVision 2050
US Recovery Act: Grid Modernization
One-time Appropriation $4.5B of Recovery Act Funds
Investment Grants
Smart Grid Demos
Workforce Training
Resource Assessment &Transmission PlanningSmart Grid
Interoperability Standards Other
Source: US Department of Energy Office of Electricity and
Energy Reliability: Results and Findings from the ARRA
Smart Grid Projects, May 2013
� US Spent $7.9B in ARRA Smart Grid Projects
– Includes $4.5B Federal stimulus and industry matching funds
– Five year grants starting in 2010
� Results are posted
– www.smartgrid.gov
� Developing a platform for significant grid modernization investment
11
Modern Grid Improves Reliability
• Interrupt fault current
• Segments load
• Two-way sensing
• Adaptive protection
• Detects power quality events
12
IntelliRupter® PulseCloser
TripSaver® II Cutout Mounted Recloser
• Single phase
• Avoid truck rolls
EPB Chattanooga’s Smarter Smart Grid
EPB Chattanooga500,000 customer municipal
Smart GridStarted with fiber everywhere
Smart Switches1200 units on all 12kV
Interruptions Avoided: 2011 - 2014
5:31:09 PM
11,258 customers
without power
5:31:37 PM
10,000 customers restored
5:31:52 PM
800 more customers restored
5:37:47 PM
All customers restored
Storm Jan, 2013
Source: David Wade, EPB Chattanooga, presented for DOE, Dec. 2014 “EPB’s Smarter Smart Grid”
13
Technology Changes Things!
“Utility Marketplace with a Texas Twist” Tim Hein, Oncor, April 2015
14
Distributed Solar is Here to Stay
Source: Mark McGranaghan, EPRI “International Game Changers” Denver CO July 2015
Google Map Snapshot ofIkea in Frisco, Texas
15
US Rate of Solar Installs per Minute is
Declining
16
Old Grid
Vision: Integrated Grid
©2015 S&C Electric Company, Inc. All rights reserved.17
Interconnecting Renewables
• Intermittent and uncertain output
– Voltage control, equipment impacts,
protection, thermal limits
– How much can we integrate?
• Often inverter based having harmonic
contribution
• Interconnection requires power export
considerations
• Involves negative load modeling
18
Reactive Power Requirements
• Capability of synchronous generators forms
basis for wind interconnection requirements
• Often grid codes specifies reactive power
capability at Point Of Interest (POI)
– To maintain power flow limits on transmission
lines, voltage limits at bus bars, utility system
voltage control
– Typically -0.95 to +0.95, but unity power factor
(zero vars) is sometimes needed at POI
– Entire range is often applied
19
Reactive Power Compensation
• Inverter-based dynamic Var
Compensation
• Modules provide reactive
support for Low Voltage
Ride Through and dynamic
range
• Use with mechanically
switched devices
New Mexico Installation proivdes +/- 12 MVAR for 90 MW Wind
Park that also includes 91 MVAR of switched capacitors.
DSTATCOM:
1.25 MVAR modules provide 264% of continuous
rating for 2 to 4 seconds
20
Solar Integration
• Pre-engineered to save time
• Smaller footprint
• Integrates meters and relays
• Compact, sealed design
• Easily operated
• Enhanced safety: visible
open gap, internal
grounding, no exposure to
medium voltage during
operation 20 MW Solar installation with
System VI in Tuscon, AZ
21
Using Storage to Manage Chaos
Source: SDG&E, June 2014 - Thomas Bialek
Batteries smooth intermittent solar generation
-4
-3.5
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1:55 PM 2:24 PM 2:52 PM 3:21 PM
Po
wer(
kW
)
PV Output
PV Smoothed by Storage
22
Characteristics of Storage and Renewables
23
• Smooth
intermittency
• Minimize reverse
power flow, keeps
voltage within limits
• Store output and
release coincidental
with local load
• Control ramp rate
Net
Load
Performance of Balls Gap’s 2MW Battery from 12/17 to 12/19/2008
12/17 12 pm 12/17 6 pm 12/18 12 am 12/18 6 am 12/18 12 pm 12/18 6 pm 12/19 12 am 12/19 6 am
-24.0
-22.0
-20.0
-18.0
-16.0
-14.0
-4.0
-2.0
0.0
2.0
MW
MW
Load w/o storage
Load with
storage
Overnight
charging
Battery
charging
Battery
discharging
Load Following
Energy Storage - Solar Hybrid Project
Energy Storage – Wind Hybrid Project
Grid-Connected Energy Storage is Growing
• Demand Drivers
– Renewable energy penetration
– Heavily loaded infrastructure
– Microgrids
– Policy/Regulations
• Supply Drivers
– Decreasing costs
– New chemistries
– Better financing options
Opportunities
emerging with large
IOUs, COUs, gov’t
and C&I segments
2-MW System – Ohio2-MW System – Ohio
1-MW System – West Virginia1-MW System – West Virginia2-MW System –Indiana2-MW System –Indiana
1-MW System – Minnesota1-MW System – Minnesota
2 x 1-MW System – North Carolina2 x 1-MW System – North Carolina
2-MW System – West Virginia2-MW System – West Virginia
1-MW System – Catalina1-MW System – Catalina
1-MW System – Australia1-MW System – Australia
1-MW System – Scotland1-MW System – Canada1-MW System – Canada
4-MW System – California4-MW System – California
2-MW System – Alameda2-MW System – Alameda
1-MW System – New Mexico1-MW System – New Mexico
1-MW System – New Mexico1-MW System – New Mexico
4-MW System – Texas4-MW System – Texas
Islanding
Ren Integration
MicroGrid
T&D Deferral
1-MW System – Missouri1-MW System – Missouri
2-MW System – California2-MW System – California
1-MW System – Canada1-MW System – Canada
6-MW System – England6-MW System – England
S&C’s Storage Use Cases
©2015 S&C Electric Company, Inc. All rights reserved.
25
Energy Storage Systems
• Energy Storage Benefits
– Cost deferral of new substations
– Improved service reliability
– Less stress on aging infrastructure
– Integration of renewable energy
– Energy market value
– Frequency regulation
Luverne, MN
NaS Battery Installation
1.0 MW for 6 hours
Used for wind farm smoothing
to facilitate dispatched wind
and peak shaving
26
AEP Storage in Bluffton, Ohio
• 2.0 MW, 14.4 MWH outdoor installation in Bluffton, Ohio
• Includes dynamic islanding and triggered peak shaving
• Generator for heater backup power
• Two other identical sites in West Virginia and Indiana
NAS Battery Station
1 MW NaS Units
SMS-PCSTransformer
Generator
27
Dynamic Islanding from Storage and DA
• Load data is captured by automated
distribution devices
• Dynamic islanding with power loss
• The maximum number of customers are
restored serviced by the battery based
upon:
– Last load information
– Energy in the battery
• The island can be minimized as the battery
depletes
• Customer load served until battery is
exhausted or power is restored
IntelliRupter: Self Powered,
Self Contained, Fault-
Interrupting Switch
28
Micro-grid: Santa Rita Jail, California
• 2 MW, 4 MWh,
lithium-ion batteries
with S&C Storage
Management System
• Time shifts solar and
wind to cure
mismatch between
generation and
consumption
• No critical outages
since its dedication 3/22/2012
29
30
11/9/2015 | ©2014 S&C Electric Company
Energy Storage | PV | Wind | Fuel Cells | Diesel Generators
Santa Rita Jail - 2012
ONCOR Microgrid• Engineered to maximize energy storage,
renewable generation and improve
reliability
• Consists of 4 interconnected micro-grids
• Utilizes distributed generation
– two solar photovoltaic arrays
– one micro-turbine
– two energy storage units
– four generators
• Energy storage is the backbone
31
Modern Grid Uses Energy Storage
• Brattle report:
– Analysis shows that ~5,000 MW of distributed electricity storage is most cost-effective across ERCOT at $350/kWh storage cost.
– Payback dependent on regulated investment deferral and merchant/market value of the energy
Community Energy Storage
25 kW; 50 kWhLithium-Ion
Mid-Sized Energy Storage
250 kW; 250 kWh Lithium-Ion
“Utility Marketplace with a Texas Twist” Tim Hein, Oncor, April 2015
32
Oncor Anticipates Market Development
Source: D.Treichler, ONCOR “ONCOR Energy Storage and Microgrid” for DOE in June, 2015
33
CATALINA ISLAND (SCE) - 2012
DIESEL INTEGRATION
BC Hydro – Field, BC
• 1 MW NAS System for back-up
– Small town (300 people)
– Long feeder, extended outages
– Battery provides 6+ hours of islanding
• System tweets alert to town residents when on battery power
• S&C equipment/services
– PureWave SMS 1MW
– IntelliTeam® II Automatic Restoration
– Turnkey installation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9RRp4psqvQ
Distributed Intelligence is Key
Operations
• Less Certainty
• More Choices
• Less Time to React
Intelligence
• Layered architecture
• More distributed
More Difficult to Manage Centrally
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
IntelliRupter Fault Interruption
Uniterruptible Power Supply
Communication-Enhanced Coordination
Frequency Control
Energy Storage (grid-scale & CES)
Self-Healing Grid Reconfiguration
Active Network Management
Distribution Management System
Volt/VAR Control
Outage Management System
Geospatial Information System
Advanced Metering Infrastructure
Time - seconds
Distributed
IntelligenceCentralized
Control
Operational Time: The Need for Speed…
Model Development Needed
• Tools:– Multi-phase power flow analysis with fine time resolution data – Data Bases that are “accepted” by the financial community
• Simulation:
– Mitigate renewables impacts: over-voltages, power quality
– Track operational parameters - voltages, operations, charge state
– Model battery capacity fade predictions
• Market Applications (combinations and trade-offs):
— Day Ahead Energy, Spinning Reserve, Real-Time Balancing
— Co-Locate PV+ Storage in Conventional and Ancillary Markets
— Bundled Use Case: Substation Deferral and Market Participation
— Scope certainty for various connections points
38
An Integrated Grid is Next
AnIntegrated
Grid
Graphic Source: Mark McGranaghan, EPRI “International Game Changers” July 2015
39
11/9/2015
• Recognize the trends and drivers
• Enable the future with a modern grid
• Storage and renewables are key
components for advancement
• Changes how we make, move and use
power
• An integrated grid is next
• Much more to be done
Changing the Conversation with Storage
Wanda Reder
IEEE Board of Director, 2014-15
Chief Strategy Officer
S&C Electric Company
(773) 381-2318
40
