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Jesus Christ Yeshua ben Joseph
Jesus of Nazareth Jesus of Galilee
Believe in the teachings of Jesus Jesus is the son of God;
God in the flesh TRINITYTRINITY:
Came to earth to save people from their sins
Died to save their souls Descendent of David
Birth of Jesus
Born in Bethlehem Born to Joseph and Mary
Mary believed to be a virgin Angel Gabriel announces to Mary
she is pregnant w/ God’s son
@ 2000 years ago, during Roman times
Bible = New TestamentNew Testament 4 Gospels Acts o/t Apostles @ life, teachings & miracles of
Jesus
Baptism of Jesus Jesus baptized in the
Jordan River (Luke 3:21) Washed away his sins Recognized by John the
Baptist as the savior of the world Jesus & John the Baptist
were cousins
Jesus is tempted by the Devil Fasted for 40 days & 40
nights tell these stones to turn
into loaves
“You must not put the Lord your God t/t test”
Shown all the kingdoms o/t world be off Satan (Matt. 4:1-11)
Mount of Temptationsin Jericho
Jesus’ work and teaching Chose 12 Apostles or followers Performed miracles, such as the fishes
and the loaves fish becomes a symbol of Christianity
(Matt. 14:13-31) made water into wine (John 2:9) Rose Lazarus from the dead (John 11)
Love God w/ all your heart, soul & all your mind (Matt. 22:37)
Do unto others as you would have others do unto you (Matt. 22:39)
Jesus’ work and teaching (John 3:16)
Yes, God loved the world so much that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not be lost but may have eternal life
Jesus cures a cripple (John 5:1) Jesus walks on water
(John 6:16) Jesus cures a blind man
(John 9:1-7) Easier for a camel to fit through
the eye of a needle, then for a rich man to enter heaven (Matt. 19:24)
Jesus’ popularity and Romans/Jews Romans resent the popularity that
Jesus’ teachings and miracles brought seen as a threat to their rule
Many Jews resent Jesus because he says that love is more important than Jewish law breaks some Jewish laws cures on the Sabbath btw: ALL the first Christians were
Jewish
Parables Jesus taught in parables
Good Samaritan (Luke 10:29-37)
love thy neighbor (Matt. 19:19-20)
love thy enemy (Luke 6:27)
SERMON on the MOUNT (Matt. 5:1-12)
the meek shall inherit the earth the poor will prosper in heaven
Prodigal son story (Luke 15:11-32)
Last Supper Jesus knows that Jewish
and Roman leaders want him dead
Celebrates last supper with Apostles Passover supper
Changes Bread and wine into his body and blood: transubstantiation
Judas and the Crucifixion
Judas, one of Jesus’ apostles, betrays him to the authorities in Garden of Gethsame
Jesus crucified by the Romans
Judas commits suicide
ResurrectionJesus was buried in a tomb, but on the third day after his crucifixion the tomb was found empty
His followers said they had seen him and that he rose from the dead: transfiguration
History Romans continued to
persecute Jews and Christians
In fact, the goal of Nero in 70 CE was to destroy not only the Jews, but the Christians
Christian martyrs
Jewish – Christian Split Paul 13th Apostle Anyone can be a
Christian Gentiles greatly
outnumbered Jewish-Christians
Peter Jesus’ favorite 1st Pope Must be Jewish to be
Christian
Which belief won out?
Constantine Roman Emperor Constantine
converted to Christianity in 313 CE. “in this sign, conquer”
He made Christianity the religion of the Roman empire persecutions end persecutions of non-Christians
begin
Sent his mother, Helena, to find Christian holy sites in Palestine
Church COUNCILS Council of Nicea 325 CE
Doctrine o/t TRINITY Nicene Creed “one in being
w/t Father”
Council of Hippo 393 CE decided what books will go
into the Bible
Roman Empire splits 330 CE: Roman Empire
splits in half Constantinople becomes the
center of the Eastern Orthodox Church (Byzantine) Patriarch is head of church
Rome becomes the center of the Western church (Roman Catholic) Pope is head of church catholic means universal
Reformation 1517 – Martin Luther
protests corrupt Popes and indulgences ….splits Roman Catholic Church again
New religions such as Protestantism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism
Christian sects (divisions) CONSERVATIVE Literal interpretation
word for word fundamentalist Christianity
The Bible says so . . .
Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Ethiopian Christian Church Coptic (Egyptian) Christians
LIBERAL Protestantism
looser interpretation
Anglican Unitarianism Faith over acts or acts
over faith??
Customs & Traditions Eucharist, which means
thanksgiving, is a reenactment of the Last Supper practiced every Sunday
in churches
Bread and wine (body & blood of Christ)
Has different meanings in different churches
Baptism Initiation into the
church John 3:16
Done with water…either total submersion or a few drops
Some churches will only baptize adults
Confirmation Confirming faith in
Jesus Person of the church
becomes a full adult Age varies Local bishop
confirms the Holy Spirit on that person
Clergy Called priests,
reverends, ministers Priests wear a “dog
collar” copied from those worn by slaves
Bishop carries a crosier which is like a shepherd’s crook
Festivals
Christmas celebrates the birth of
Christ
Good Friday crucifixion of Jesus
EASTER Most holy Christian holiday Celebrates resurrection of
Christ Lent – period prior to
Easter…fasting
Church of the Nativityin Bethlehem