Chemi Nanotechnology

8/3/2019 Chemi Nanotechnology

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TOPICS:

y Nanotechnology

y Chemi - Nanotechnology

y Scope of Nanotech in Chemical Engineering

Heat transfer

Adsorption

CatalysisThermal insulation

Lubrication

y Conclusion


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Nanotechnologyy Definition

y Properties

y Implications


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A fewapplications:

y Nanoflies

y Copper

y Melting point of gold

yAluminum


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ChemiNanotechnology

y What is Chemi nanotechnology?

y What chemical changes occur at nanoscale?

y How are these changes helpful?


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ScopeofNanotechnologyin

fieldslike:y Heat transfer

yAdsorption

y Catalysis

y Thermal insulation

y

Lubrication


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Heattransfer:

y Definition

y Importance of heat transfer in industries

y Nanotechnological heat transfer

Nanostructure coatings


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Nanoscale-levelcoatingof zincoxideoncopperplate:

Here is the combination

of nanostructure onmicrostructure that havethe potential of heattransfer which is much

more efficient than anything we have hadbefore.


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Adsorption:

Zeolite is micro porousaluminosilicate mineral(commercialadsorbent)

Precise and uniform size

Commonly used to remove metalions from industrial effluents

Disadvantage of using this baremolecular sieve

molecular sieve


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Alternative

technique

:


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Result:

The above two equationsresult in the formation ofan unique composite ofMAGNETITE, ZEOLITE,and SILVER.


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Catalysis:y Corner stone to life of both biological plants and

chemical processes.

At present, these CNT/CNF have wide applications,

hence using catalysis we can produce these carbon

nanotubes and carbon nanofibers.


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Mount Etna

The most active volcano in Europe,standing 3326m(10910 ft) high

During eruptions in 2002 and 2003,several million cubic meters of lava wasejected

Lava contains 11 wt% of fe2o3 (ironoxide)

As lava is very porous, the iron oxideCATALYSES lava to carbon nanotubesand fibers


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Labexperiment:

This method ofproduction ofcarbon nanotubesand carbonnanofibers is veryeconomical.


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Thermalinsulation:y Thermal insulation is the basic

asset in all equipment used for

processes in industries.y It prevents/inhibits heat transfer

across the material.

Heat transfer :

y Conductiony Convection

y Radiation


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Nanoporousmaterials:

General theory Knudsen effect

y Generally, in nanoporousmaterials such as gas andliquid, paths are present inbetween particles making aconduction path therebyfacilitating thermalconduction between gasesand liquids.

y As pore size is less than meanfree path of liquid or gas,these liquid or gas moleculesstick to solid part.

y Hence, thermal conductivitythrough liquid or gas insidethe material is eliminated.


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Knudseneffect

The radiation effects arenullified by protection poresfrom UV rays.

Exploiting this effect we canproduce materials with very lowthermal conductivity.

Eg: nanoporous ceramics of

alumina, mullite, zirconia,chromia, and silica.

temlated mesopores


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Lubrication:y Nanolubricants are generally

called as Nanolubs.

y Enhances lubricating properties

of oil and grease.y Wraps the moving parts with a

tribofilm.

y Reduces friction between movingparts, results in smootherignition.

y Improves fuel economy withlower emission of green house

gases.


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Test

at

FZGgear

research

centre

:

The test was done byDr. Adrian Oila of England.

He observed that no wear damage occurred to the steellubricate with Nanolubs powder with an opticalmicroscope, while significant wear was observed forreference oil.

Applications:

y Anglo-American, one of the largest mining industry inworld begun to use Nanolubs in its heavy mining

equipment in Chile.

y Nanolubs are distributed world wide by local agents.


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Conclusion:

We conclude that Nanotechnologicalapplications in the field of chemicalengineering in the past few decades havegrown exponentially. In the nanoworld,chemical reactions can occur much morequickly, electrons move faster, heat isconducted much better, batteries can lastlonger without being charged. The materials

are also much stronger. Nanotechnology, asa scientific and technological thrustencompasses the best of many opportunitiesavailable to the scientific, engineering andindustrial communities.


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Chemi Nanotechnology