Charting 2011

1Pans-Ops PD Initial Course – Circling

CHARTING

Doc 8168: VOL II Part I Section 4 Chapter 9

ICAO FPPBeijing, China

Pans-Ops PD Initial Course – Circling 2 2

OBJECTIVE

Charting Regulation

General Concepts about Charting

General Principles of Charting

Depiction of various segments

Concept of Procedure Altitude

Symbology

At the end of this lecture, trainee is expected to acquire knowledge about:

Pans-Ops PD Initial Course – Circling 3

CHARTING

Depiction of all necessary information

Depiction of all necessary Depiction of all necessary informationinformation

ClearlyClearly

According to users’ needsAccording to users’ needs

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Pilots

ATC

AIS

Coding Companies

Charting Companies


GENERAL REGULATIONS

Annex 4 “Aeronautical Charts”Chapter 9 Standard Departure Chart Instrument (SID) –ICAO Chapter 10 Standard Arrival Chart Instrument (STAR) –ICAO

Chapter 11 Instrument Approach Chart – ICAO

PANS-OPS Doc 8168Chapter 9 Charting/AIP


GENERAL CONCEPTS

Convention for procedure identification Description in a plan view

SID , STAR, IAC

Description in a profile viewIAC

Textual descriptionMissed approach, SID and STAR

Tabular description for coding informationSID, STAR, IAC

Minima CaseIAC


REQUIREMENTS

Function – information enabling to perform procedure

Availability – requirement for provision

Coverage and Scale

Projection - Conformal


Identification

Culture and topography

Magnetic Variation

Bearings, tracks and radials

Aeronautical data

GENERAL CONTENTS


Aerodromes

Prohibited, restricted and danger areas

Minimum Sector Altitude

Air Traffic Service System

AERONAUTICAL DATA


CHARTED ALTITUDES/FLIGHT LEVELS

Representation Altitude Flight level

Altitude/flight level “Window” 1700010000

FL220FL100

“At or above” altitude/flight level 7000 FL60

“At or below” altitude/flight level 5000 FL50

“Mandatory” altitude/flight level 3000 FL30

“Recommended” altitude/flight level 5000 FL50

“Expected” altitude/flight level Expect 5000 Expect FL50


Descent gradients/angles used in the final approach segment in 1/10 degree.

Where appropriate, It is preferable that they also be published for the other approach segments.

The IAF, IF, FAF, MAPt, TP and other essential fixes or points where established

Track in magnetic degree

Distance expressed in 1/10 of NM

APPROACH – GENERAL


the following data shall be published in tabular form on the verso of the ICAO Instrument Approach Chart or as a separate, properly referenced sheet

final approach fixes/points and other essential fixes/points comprising the instrument approach procedure identified with their geographical coordinates in degrees, minutes, seconds and tenths of seconds;instrument approach procedure fix formation bearings to the nearest hundredth of a degree;instrument approach procedure fix formation distance to the nearest hundredth of a nautical mile; andfor non-precision approaches, the final approach descent angle to the nearest hundredth of a degree.

AERONAUTICAL DATABASE


INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENTDoc 8168: Separate procedures shall be published

when:different minimum altitudes;different timings; ordifferent outbound tracks

are specified for different categories of aircraft.Annex 4

Note - A single precision or non-precision approach procedure chart may be provided to portray more than one approach procedure when the procedures for the intermediate approach, final approach and missed approach segments are identical.

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INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT

Speeds below the minimum value for initial approach in a given aircraft category shall not be specified

If procedures are developed which exclude specific aircraft categories due to speed, this must be stated explicitly.

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An OCA and/or an OCH shall be published for each instrument approach and circling procedure.

For non-precision approach procedures, values shall be expressed in 10ft increments by rounding up as appropriate.

A straight-in OCA/H shall not be published where final approach alignment or descent gradient criteria are not met.

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FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT


For procedures with a final descent gradient/ angle greater than the maximum value specified, a warning note shall be published on the instrument approach chartVertical guidance. Where distance information is available, to facilitate a continuous descent final approach (CDFA), descent profile advisory information for the final approach should be provided through a table showing altitudes/heights at each 1 NM. 16

FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT


If the MAPt is defined by a facility or fix at the MAPt only, the procedure must be annotated “timing not authorized for defining the MAPt”.

The OCA/H for the nominal 2.5 per cent must always be published. Additional climb gradients only be published as alternative options.

Where operationally required to avoid obstacles, reduced speeds may be used, provided the procedure is annotated “Missed approach turn limited to KT IAS maximum.”

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MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT


If a sector is ignored in the circling area, the published procedure must prohibit the pilot from circling within the total sector where the obstacle exists.

The length and magnetic orientation of the diverging segment and “downwind” leg on prescribed track must be published.

The maximum indicated speed if restricted below circling must be published on the chart.

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VISUAL MANOEUVRING


DIFFERENT TYPE OF ALTITUDE

USERS

Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude MOCA

Operational AltitudePROCEDURE ALTITUDE

IMP : Procedure altitude are ALWAYS ≥ MOCA


Minimum altitudes include provision for obstacle clearance but also for different items, such as :

controlled airspaceradio navigationcommunication

Need to define two types of altitudesMOCA: Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude Procedure altitude

DEPICTION OF DIFFERENT ALTITUDES


To support CFIT prevention initiative, procedurealtitude should be defined for all NPAArrival and departure procedure altitude are developped to separate arriving and departingtraffic

PROCEDURE ALTITUDE

A specified altitude/height flown operationally at or above the minimum altitude/height and established to accommodate a stabilised descent at a prescribeddescent gradient/angle in the intermediate/final approach segment.


Procedure altitude is provided in the profile view

Minimum altitude (MOCA) or a ground profile is RECOMMENDED to be depicted

MOCA in intermediate and final segment are depicted with SHADED BLOCK

DEPICTION ALTITUDE IN NPA CHART

Chart Symbols: Appendix 2 – Annex 4


“Procedure Altitudes”

2,000’ not in database

PROCEDURE ALTITUDE / MOCA

Shaded block

Procedure Altitude


Questions

Documents

Charting 2011