CHAPTER 25

THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH-CENTURY CRISIS:

WAR AND REVOLUTION

CHAPTER OUTLINE

I. The Road to World War I

A. Nationalism

B. Internal Dissent

C. Militarism

D. The Outbreak of War: The Summer of 1914

1. Another Crisis in the Balkans

2. Assassination of Francis Ferdinand

3. Declarations of War

II. The War

A. 1914-1915: Illusions and Stalemate

1. War in the West

2. War in the East

B. 1916-1917: The Great Slaughter

1. Daily Life in the Trenches

C. The Widening of the War

1. A Global Conflict

2. Entry of the United States

D. A New Kind of Warfare

1. Tanks

E. The Home Front: The Impact of Total War

1. Total War: Political Centralization and Economic Regimentation

2. Public Order and Public Opinion

3. The Social Impact of Total War

III. War and Revolution

A. The Russian Revolution

1. The March Revolution

2. The Bolshevik Revolution

3. Civil War

B. The Last Year of the War

1. The Casualties of the War

C. Revolutionary Upheavals in Germany and Austria-Hungary

IV. The Peace Settlement

A. Peace Aims

B. The Treaty of Versailles

C. The Other Peace Treaties

V. Conclusion