Chapter 21 Italy 1400-1500

Ch. 21 Italy 1400-1500 Main themes and concepts

• Perspective-linear, atmospheric, horizon line, vanishing point, “di sotto in su”.

• Classical-humanism, borrowing concepts and aesthetics from Ancient Greece and Rome.

• Florence- the Medici family, signoria, artistic competitions.

Perspective

Figure 21-20 MASACCIO, Holy Trinity, Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy, ca. 1424–1427. Fresco, 21’ 10’ 5/8” x 10’ 4 3/4”.

Figure 21-40 PERUGINO, Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to Saint Peter, Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome, Italy, 1481–1483. Fresco, 11’ 5 1/2” x 18’ 8 1/2”.

Figure 21-43 PIERO DELLA FRANCESCA, Flagellation of Christ, ca. 1455-1465. Oil and tempera on wood, 1’ 11 1/8” X 2’ 8 ¼”. Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino.

Figure 21-42 PIERO DELLA FRANCESCA, Enthroned Madonna and Saints Adored by Federico da Montefeltro (Brera Altarpiece), ca. 1472–1474. Oil on wood, 8’ 2” x 5’ 7”. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan.

Figure 21-49 ANDREA MANTEGNA, Foreshortened Christ, ca. 1500. Tempera on canvas, 2’ 2 3/4” x 2’ 7 7/8”. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan.

Figure 21-48 ANDREA MANTEGNA, Camera Picta (Painted Chamber), Palazzo Ducale, Mantua, Italy, 1465–1474. Fresco, 8’ 9” in diameter.

LEFT Figure 21-8 DONATELLO, Feast of Herod, panel on the baptismal font of Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy, 1423–1427. Gilded bronze , 1’ 11 1/2 ” x 1’ 11 1/2”.

RIGHT Figure 21-11 LORENZO GHIBERTI, Isaac and His Sons (detail of FIG. 21-10), (Gates of Paradise), baptistery, Florence, Italy, 1425–1452. Gilded bronze, 2’ 7 1/2” x 2’ 7 1/2”. Museo dell’Opera del Duomo, Florence.

Classical influence from Ancient Greece and Rome

Figure 21-12 DONATELLO, David, late 1440–1460. Bronze, 5’ 2 1/4” high. Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence.

RIGHT Figure 21-4 NANNI DI BANCO, Four Crowned Saints, Or San Michele, Florence, Italy, ca. 1410–1416Marble, figures 6’high. Modern copy in exterior niche. Original sculpture in museum on second floor of Or San Michele.

LEFT Figure 21-5 DONATELLO, Saint Mark, Or San Michele, Florence, Italy, 1411–1413. Marble, 7’ 9” high. Modern copy in exterior niche. Original sculpture in museum on second floor of Or San Michele, Florence.

LEFT Figure 21-15 DONATELLO, Gattamelata (equestrian statue of Erasmo da Narni), Piazza del Santo, Padua, Italy, ca. 1445–1450. Bronze, 12’ 2” high.

RIGHT Figure 21-16 ANDREA DEL VERROCCHIO, Bartolommeo Colleoni (equestrian statue), Campo dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice, Italy, ca. 1481–1496. Bronze, 13’ high.

Left Figure 21-13 ANDREA DEL VERROCCHIO, David, ca. 1465–1470. Bronze, 4’ 1 1/2” high. Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence.

RIGHT Figure 21-14 ANTONIO DEL POLLAIUOLO, Hercules and Antaeus, ca. 1470–1475. Bronze, 1' 6” high with base. Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence.

Figure 21-21 FRA ANGELICO, Annunciation, San Marco, Florence, Italy, ca. 1438–1447. Fresco, 7’ 1” x 10’ 6”.

Figure 21-19 MASACCIO, Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden, Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence, Italy, ca. 1424–1427. Fresco, 7’ x 2’ 11”.

Figure 21-38 LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI BERNARDO ROSSELLINO, Palazzo Rucellai, Florence, Italy, ca. 1452–1470.

Figure 21-46 LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI, interior of Sant’Andrea (looking northeast), Mantua, Italy, designed 1470, begun 1472.

Figure 21-44 LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI, west facade of Sant’Andrea, Mantua, Italy, designed 1470, begun 1472.

Florence, Medici family, artistic competitions

Figure 21-36 MICHELOZZO DI BARTOLOMMEO, facade of the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence, Italy, begun 1445.

Figure 21-37 MICHELOZZO DI BARTOLOMMEO, interior court of the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence, Italy, begun 1445.

Figure 21-26 PAOLO UCCELLO, Battle of San Romano, ca. 1455 (?). Tempera on wood, approx. 6’ x 10’ 5”. National Gallery, London.

Left Figure 21-2 FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI, Sacrifice of Isaac, competition panel for east doors, baptistery, Florence, Italy, 1401–1402. Gilded bronze, 1’ 9” x 1’ 5”. Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence.

Right Figure 21-3 LORENZO GHIBERTI, Sacrifice of Isaac, competition panel for east doors, baptistery, Florence, Italy, 1401–1402. Gilded bronze relief, 1’ 9” x 1’ 5”. Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence.

Figure 21-25 DOMENICO GHIRLANDAIO, Giovanna Tornabuoni(?), 1488. Oil and tempera on wood, 2’ 6” x 1’ 8”. Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection, Madrid.