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Chapter 16: Politics

Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

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Page 1: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Chapter 16: Politics

Page 2: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy2

Chapter Chapter OverviewOverview

Power, Authority, and

Violence

The U.S. Political

System

Types of Governments

Voting Patterns

Sociological

Perspectives and

Politics

Power, Authority, and

Violence

The U.S. Political

System

Types of Governments

Voting Patterns

Sociological

Perspectives and

Politics

Page 3: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Politics is always about power and authority.

The process by which power is distributed and decisions are made.

Every society must have a system of leadership

Leaders delegate orders so members may complete task and the overall goals shall be accomplished Power is necessary in order to accomplish such goals and tasks.

PoliticsPolitics

Page 4: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

P

ower: Ability to get your way despite resistance

T

wo Types of Power

4

Power, Authority, and ViolencePower, Authority, and Violence

AuthorityLegitimate Power

Very stable and obedience to it is accepted as a social norm.

AuthorityLegitimate Power

Very stable and obedience to it is accepted as a social norm.

AuthorityLegitimate Power

Very stable and obedience to it is accepted as a social norm.

AuthorityLegitimate Power

Very stable and obedience to it is accepted as a social norm.

CoercionIllegitimate power

Unstable and will eventually fail.

CoercionIllegitimate power

Unstable and will eventually fail.

Page 5: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Traditional Authority – Authority based on custom or tradtion, we will

always know who is next in line

Ruler’s word is the law

Authority is not based on tradition and family background

Examples: British Royal Family, parenting

Rational-Legal Authority – Authority is based on written rules; we may

not know who is next in line, but we know how they will be elected

Authority is closely linked to the government.

Ruler’s word is subject to law.

5

3 Types of Authority 3 Types of Authority (Weber)(Weber)

Page 6: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Charismatic Authority – a person becomes an authority figure because

of his/her outstanding traits

Exceptional personal qualities that inspires others

Challenge the status quo or laws

They can inspire followers to overthrow traditional or bureaucratic

authorities.

Transfer of authority is problematic

2 ways authority can be transferred: The authority figure can appoint someone

The authority figure can build an organization out of which comes rational-legal authority; this

is referred to as Routinization of Charisma 6

3 Types of Authority 3 Types of Authority (con’t.)(con’t.)

Page 7: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Monarchies

A type of political system that transfers power from generation to generation.

Democracy

A system in which power and authority is exercised by the people as a whole. “Power to the People”

Direct democracy or participatory

Eligible voters meet together to discuss issues and make their decisions.

Indirect democracy or representative

Voters elect representatives to govern and make decisions on their behalf.

Women’s rights, civil rights, and social rights

Page 8: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Authoritarian Regimes

Power is held by one leader or a small elite who govern without constitutional limits and who recognize a responsibility only to themselves

OligarchySmall group of elites who

wield power and are accountable only to

themselves

DictatorshipA political system of

arbitrary rule by a single individual

Page 9: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Authoritarian Regimes

Totalitarian Regimes

Seek to regulate all aspects of life and transform individuals and societies in the name of a utopian vision

Dictatorships and Oligarchies are examples of Totalitarianism (total control by the government)

Page 10: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Republicans

Older

Middle to Upper Social Classes

Conservative

Less government

Democrats

Younger

Minority Groups

Women more than men

Liberal

Working classes

More government

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Page 11: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Non-Hispanic Whites Most Likely to Vote

African Americans Next Most Likely

Latinos Least Likely to Vote

Social integration

The more people feel they have a stake in the system, the more likely they are to vote

Voter Apathy is present in the U.S.: indifference to voting

Characteristics of a likely voter

White, older, more educated, affluent, female, and employed 11

Voting PatternsVoting Patterns

Page 12: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy12

Page 13: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Functionalist Perspective: Pluralism (Diffusion Among Many)

The functionalist perspective believes that the U.S. is ruled by many different groups

There is a check and balance between the main branches of the government: Legislative, Judicial, and Executive

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Functionalist Functionalist PerspectivePerspective

Page 14: Chapter 16: Politics. Politics and the Economy 22 Chapter Overview Power, Authority, and Violence The U.S. Political System Types of Governments Voting

Politics and the EconomyPolitics and the EconomyPolitics and the Economy

Conflict Perspective: The Power Elite (C. Wright Mills and Dumhoff) rule the government

The Power Elite are made up of top governmental officials, heads of the military, and CEO’s of large corporations

Information gets passed along to the members of this group

No major decisions get made without their approval

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Conflict Conflict PerspectivePerspective