14.4 What Was Jackson’s Approach to Governing?

What Was the Kitchen Cabinet?• What do you think it was?• Didn’t listen to his cabinet, instead he listened to

friends and supporters.• These people became known as the “kitchen cabinet.”• Where do you think they met?• Well-born citizens were distrustful of the kitchen cabinet.

Martin Van Buren Francis Blair Amos Kendall Andrew J. Donelson Roger B. Taney

What Was the Spoils System?

• What do you think it means?

• Jackson replaced many Republican civil servants (office holders) with faithful Democrats.

• Rewarding political supporters with jobs is called the “spoils system.”

14.5 What Was the Nullification Crisis?

What Were the Tariffs?• 1828 Congress passed a law raising tariffs on imported goods

so American manufactures could outsell foreign competitors.• Northern states approved, southern states were strongly

opposed.• Why would southerners be opposed?• Southern states referred to the tariff as the “Tariff of

Abominations.”

The Death of Free Trade

Tariff of Abomination

45% tariff on raw materials South was strongly opposed

What Was Nullification and Secession All About?

• Calhoun led South Carolina to proclaim nullification (to reject) of the tariff.

• Why could the South claim they had the right to nullify?• S.C. threatened to secede if the gov. tried to enforce the tariff.• Jackson got Congress to pass the Force Bill to use the army to

collect tariffs. Infuriated states’ rights supporters.• S.C. backed down and crisis died.

Jackson

Remember Me?

14.6 What Was Jackson’s Battle With the Bank?

What Was the 2nd National Bank?• Jackson hated the Bank, thought it favored rich,

eastern investors, and that it was corrupt.• Why did the Bank favor eastern investors?• Bank had a monopoly on gov. deposits.• Jackson distrusted Biddle, pres. of the bank.

Nicholas Biddle

How Did A.J. Kill the Bank?• Clay forced the issue of the Bank early to happen during an election

year.• Why would he do that? What do you think A.J. did?• Jackson vetoed the bill to re-charter the Bank.• Farmers supported his decision, the rich and well-born did not.• Jackson ordered all fed. deposits to be removed from the bank, and the

bank went bankrupt.

14.7 What Was Jackson’s Indian Policy?

• What do you think it was?• National policy was to remove Natives from the East by force.• By Jackson’s time, only 125,000 Indians were left in the East

due to disease and warfare.• Five Civilized Tribes: Creek, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw,

and Seminole. Had adopted many white ways.• With the spread of cotton and mining, Whites decided that

Indians had to go.

5 Civilized Tribes: Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole

What Was the Indian Removal Act?

• 1830, Congress passed the I.R. Act. Allowed President to make treaties where Natives traded land in the East for lands in the West.

• Act did not say Indians would be removed by force. Supreme Court ruled that the Natives had a right to their lands.

• What do you think A.J. said about that?• Jackson disagreed and Natives were moved west by military

force.

The Way West

Not really this nice of a walk

This is what they got

In his message to Congress, Jackson said: “It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that the benevolent policy of the

Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is

approaching to a happy consummation.”

What Was The Trail of Tears?

• By 1838, thousands of Natives had been forcibly marched out of the East to Oklahoma territory. 4,000 died during the march.

• Seminoles resisted in Florida for 10 more years.• The conflict between whites and Natives had

simply moved west of the Mississippi.

“Beyond the great river Mississippi…your father has provided a country large enough for all of you…There your white brothers

will not trouble you.” –Andrew Jackson

Black Hawk What it really looked like