Chapter 12 Test: Patterns of Inheritance Name: _______________

Multiple Choice: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Genetics is the scientific study of _____________. a. biology b. energy c. heredity d. evolution

____ 2. What kind of knowledge and insight did Mendel apply to his study of pea plants?a. music b. chemistry c. mathematics d. religion

____ 3.Which of these cell functions is most closely responsible for what Mendel observed?a. photosynthesis b. meiosis c. cellular respiration

____ 4.According to Mendel’s explanation, how many alleles for each trait does an offspring receive from each parent?a. 1 b. 2 c. 23 d. 46

_____5. The set of alleles (EE, Pp, etc.) that an offspring inherits from its parents is its ___________.a. phenotype b. dominance c. genotype

____ 6. When two purebred plants are cross-pollinated (PP x pp), what will be the genotypes of the offspring? a. 50% homozygous b. 100% heterozygous c. 75% Pp

____ 7. Which of these is a heterozygous genotype?a. TT b. Tt c. tt d. XD

____ 8. Free earlobes is a dominant trait. Which genotype will produce free earlobes?a. EE b. Ee c. ee d. both EE and Ee

_____9. If a father has EEtt genotype, and the mother is eeTT (for earlobes and thumb), what will be the offspring?a. EETT b. EeTt c. EeeeTTtt d. eett

_____10. How is a dominant trait different from a recessive trait?a. Dominant traits only need one dominant allele, but recessive requires two recessive alleles b. Recessive traits are very rare in human populationsc. Dominant traits mostly occur in men; women are usually carriers

_____11. In watermelons, solid green color is dominant to the striped color. A gardener planted 100 watermelon seeds, and noticed that all the new melons were striped. What was the most likely genotype of the plant that produced the seeds?a. GG b. Gg c. gg

MATCHING: Match the example or definition on the left with the pattern on the right.

_____ 12. Human skin color or body size

_____ 13. Color-blindness, hemophilia

_____ 14. Type AB blood, or roan cattle

TRUE or FALSE:

_____ 15. Physical traits are determined by inherited genes.

_____ 16. Girls can inherit X-linked traits from their fathers, but boys inherit these from their mother.

_____ 17. Gregor Mendel discovered the “incomplete dominance” pattern when he crossed purebred plants.

_____ 18. The predictions of Punnett squares are more accurate with large samples than with small.

_____ 19. Alleles are alternative forms of the same gene.

_____ 20. Ordinarily, children can develop a dominant trait even if their parents don’t express it.

PREDICTING GENETIC OUTCOMES: (You must make a Punnett square for #21-27).

21. What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes produced by a cross between a heterozygous melon (Gg) and a striped melon? Include probabilities of each answer in percent (%)

A. Genotypes: ___________________

B. Phenotypes: ___________________

22. A color-blind woman and normal-sighted man are having their first baby. (Color blind is a recessive trait.)

A. If the baby is a girl, what is the probability she will be colorblind? ____________

B. If the baby is a boy, what is the chance he will be colorblind? _________________

23. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive, genetic disorder caused by mutations on the chromosome #7. If one parent is normal (FF) and the other is a carrier (Ff), what is the probability of these outcomes?

A. fully normal offspring (no mutations): _______

B. a child develops cystic fibrosis: __________

A. Incomplete DominanceB. CodominanceC. Multiple Genes D. X-linked

24. If Jack has type O blood, and Jill has type AB blood, what blood types can they expect their children to have?

What type of inheritance pattern is pictured in these pedigrees?

25.

26.

ANSWERS:

1. c2. c3. b4. b5. c6. b7. b8. d9. b10. a11. b12. c13. d

14. b15. true16. true17. false18. true19. true20. false21. 50% Gg (green), 50% gg (striped)22. 0% colorblind girl, 100% colorblind boy23. 50% chance normal, 50% cystic fibrosis24. 50% chance A, 50% chance B25. X-linked, recessive26. Autosome, recessive