CHAP19 bjt

FIGURE 19-1 Passivated hot-carrier diode.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis NashelskyElectronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

All rights reserved.

FIGURE 19-2 Comparison of characteristics of hot-carrier and p-n junction diodes.




FIGURE 19-3a Schottky (hot-carrier) diode: equivalent circuit.




FIGURE 19-3b Schottky (hot-carrier) diode: symbol.




FIGURE 19-4 Approximate equivalent circuit for the Schottky diode.




FIGURE 19-5 Motorola Schottky barrier devices. (Courtesy Motorola Semiconductor Products, Incorporated)




FIGURE 19-6 Characteristic curves for Hewlett-Packard 5082-2300 series of general-purpose Schottky barrier diodes. (Courtesy Hewlett-Packard Corporation).




FIGURE 19-7 Varicap characteristics: C (pF) versus VR.




FIGURE 19-8a Varicap diode: equivalent circuit in the reverse-bias region.




FIGURE 19-8b Varicap diode: symbols.




FIGURE 19-9 Electrical characteristics for a VHF/FM Fairchild varactor diode. (Courtesy Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corporation.)




FIGURE 19-10 Characteristic curves for a VHF/FM Fairchild varactor diode.




FIGURE 19-11 Tuning network employing a varactor diode.




FIGURE 19-12 Power diodes and heat sinks. (Courtesy International Rectifier Corporation.)




FIGURE 19-13 Tunnel diode characteristics.




FIGURE 19-14a Tunnel diode: equivalent circuit.




FIGURE 19-14b Tunnel diode: symbols.




FIGURE 19-15 A Ge IN2939 tunnel diode. (Courtesy Powerex, Inc.)




FIGURE 19-16a Tunnel diode: construction. (Courtesy COM SAT Technical Review, P.F. Varadi and T.D. Kirkendall.)




FIGURE 19-16b Tunnel diode: photograph. (Courtesy COM SAT Technical Review, P.F. Varadi and T.D. Kirkendall.)




FIGURE 19-17 Tunnel diode and resulting load line.




FIGURE 19-18 Negative-resistance oscillator.




FIGURE 19-19 Sinusoidal oscillator.




FIGURE 19-20 Relative spectral response for Si, Ge, and selenium as compared to the human eye.




FIGURE 19-21a Photodiode: basic biasing arrangement and construction.




FIGURE 19-21b Photodiode: symbol.




FIGURE 19-22 Photodiode characteristics.




FIGURE 19-23 Photodiodes (Courtesy EG&G VACTEC, Inc.)




FIGURE 19-24 I (uA) versus fc (at V = 20 V) for the photodiode of Fig. 19-22.




FIGURE 19-25 Using a photodiode in an alarm system.




FIGURE 19-26 Using a photodiode in a counter operation.




FIGURE 19-27a Photoconductive cell: appearance. [(a) Courtesy International Rectifier Corporation.]




FIGURE 19-27b Photoconductive cell: symbol.




FIGURE 19-28 Photoconductive cell-terminal characteristics (GE type B425).




FIGURE 19-29 Characteristics of a Clairex CdS photoconductive cell. (Courtesy Clairex Electronics).




FIGURE 19-30 Voltage regulator employing a photoconductive cell.




FIGURE 19-31 General structure of a semiconductor IR-emitting diode. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-32 Typical radiant flux versus dc forward current for an IR-emitting diode. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-33 Typical radiant intensity patterns of RCA IR-emitting diodes. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-34a RCA IR-emitting diode: construction. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-34b RCA IR-emitting diode: photo. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-34c RCA IR-emitting diode: symbol. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-35 Nematic liquid crystal with no applied bias.




FIGURE 19-36 Nematic liquid crystal with applied bias.




FIGURE 19-37 LCD eight-segment digit display.




FIGURE 19-38 Transmissive field-effect LCD with no applied bias.




FIGURE 19-39 Reflective-type LCD. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-40 Reflective field-effect LCD with no applied bias.




FIGURE 19-41 Transmissive-type LCD. (Courtesy RCA Solid State Division.)




FIGURE 19-42a Solar cell: cross section.




FIGURE 19-42b Solar cell: top view.




FIGURE 19-43 Short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage versus light intensity for a solar cell.




FIGURE 19-44 VOC and ISC versus illumination for a solar cell.




FIGURE 19-45 Spectral response of Se, Si, and the naked eye.




FIGURE 19-46 Typical solar cells and their electrical characteristics. (Courtesy EG&G VACTEC, Inc.)




FIGURE 19-47a International Rectifier four-cell array: appearance. (Courtesy International Rectifier Corporation.)




FIGURE 19-47b International Rectifier four-cell array: characteristics. (Courtesy International Rectifier Corporation.)




FIGURE 19-48 Typical output characteristics for silicon solar cells of 10% efficiency having an active area of 1cm2. Cell temperature is 30oC.




FIGURE 19-49a Thermistor: typical set of characteristics.




FIGURE 19-49b Thermistor: symbol.




FIGURE 19-50 Steady-state voltage-current characteristics of Fenwal Electronics BK65VI Thermistor (Courtesy Fenwal Electronics, Incorporated.)




FIGURE 19-51 Various types of thermistors: (1) beads; (2) glass probes; (3) iso-curve interchangeable probes and beads; (4) disks; (5) washers; (6) rods; (7) specially mounted beads; (8) vacuum and gas-filled probes; (9) special probe assemblies. (Courtesy Fenwal Electronics, Incorporated.)




FIGURE 19-52 Temperature-indicating circuit.




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CHAP19 bjt