Channel Estimation Final1

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    CHANNEL ESTIMATION & EQUALIZER DESIGN FOR OFDM

    Under the Guidance of :

    Mrs. Shalini Singh

    Dept. of Electronics and Comm.Engineering

    Prepared by:

    Deepak Sadanand KhuranaMadhusudan TyagiMohit BhandariNavnit Singh

    Final year Project on

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    Contents

    Area of Work Milestones Achieved OFDM

    Transmitter and Receiver of OFDM MATLAB MATLAB System MATLAB Functions MATLAB Toolboxes

    Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox

    Key Features of Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox Tentative Schedule Ahead

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    Area of Work

    To study & analyze channel estimation techniquesand equalizer designing techniques for OFDMsystem.

    To propose a suitable channel estimation techniqueand then compare its performance with the existingtechniques.

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    Milestones Achieved

    Sep2010 - Study of Project

    Oct2010 - Study of Software

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    OFDM

    OFDM is a special form of multicarrier transmission whereall the subcarriers are orthogonal to each other to reduce ISIand frequency-selective fading.

    Amp

    litud

    eFrequency

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    Channel

    h(t)

    A\DCP

    DeletionP\S DFT

    Channel

    coding &

    modulation

    S\P IDFTCP

    insertionP\S

    X(k) x(n)

    S(t)

    AWGNn(t)

    y(n)Y(K)

    Inputdata

    Outputdata

    D\A

    S\P

    Channel

    decoding &

    demodulation r(t)

    Transmitter and receiver of OFDM signal

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    MATLAB

    MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. Itintegrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-useenvironment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiarmathematical notation. Typical uses include:

    Math and computation

    Algorithm developmentModeling, simulation, and prototyping Data analysis, exploration, and visualization Scientific and engineering graphics Application development, including graphical user interface building

    It would take a fraction of the time then actually required to write a program ina scalar non interactive language such as C or Fortran.

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    MATLAB System

    The MATLAB system consists of five main parts:

    Development Environment

    This is the set of tools and facilities that help you use MATLAB functions and

    files.

    (It includes the MATLAB desktop and Command Window, a command history, andbrowsers for viewing help, the workspace, files, and the search path).

    The MATLAB Mathematical Function Library

    This is a vast collection of computational algorithms ranging from elementaryfunctions like sum, sine, cosine, and complex arithmetic, to more sophisticatedfunctions like matrix inverse, matrix eigen values, Bessel functions, and fastFourier transforms.

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    MATLAB System

    The MATLAB language.

    This is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements,functions, data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programmingfeatures.

    Handle Graphics

    This is the MATLAB graphics system. It includes high-level commands for two-dimensional and three-dimensional data visualization, image processing,animation, and presentation graphics.

    The MATLAB Application Program Interface (API).

    This is a library that allows you to write C and Fortran programs that interactwith MATLAB.

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    MATLAB Functions

    Scalar Functions

    sin trigonometric sinecos trigonometric cosineexp exponentiallog natural logarithm

    abs absolute valuesqrt square root

    Vector Functions

    max largest component

    min smallest componentlength length of a vectorsort sort in ascending ordersum sum of elementsprod product of elements

    Matrix Functionseye identity matrix

    zeros matrix of zerosones matrix of onesdiag extract diagonal of a matrix or creatediagonal matricestriu upper triangular part of a matrixtril lower triangular part of a matrix

    rand randomly generated matrixinv inverse of a matrixrank rank of a matrix

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    MATLAB Functions

    Graph Functions

    plot(x,y) plotsxversus y.

    subplot create an array of (tiled) plots in

    the same window

    loglog plot using log-log scales

    semilogx plot using log scale on thex-axis

    semilogy plot using log scale on the y-axis

    title(____') gives title of graph

    IF STATEMENTifrelationstatement(s)elseifrelation % if applicablestatement(s) % if applicableelse % if applicablestatement(s) % if applicableend

    FOR STATEMENTfor j=1:4j+2end

    Loop Functions:

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    MATLAB Toolboxes

    Communication Toolbox

    Filter Design Toolbox

    Control System Toolbox

    Fixed-Point Toolbox

    Fuzzy Logic Toolbox

    Image Processing Toolbox

    Neutral Network Toolbox

    Signal Processing Toolbox

    MATLAB features a family of application-specific solutions called toolboxes.Toolboxes are comprehensive collections of MATLAB functions (M-files) thatextend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problems.

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    Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox

    Performs signal processing, analysis, and algorithm development

    The toolbox can be used to visualize signals in time and frequencydomains, compute FFTs for spectral analysis, design FIR and IIR filters,

    and implement convolution, modulation, resampling, and other signalprocessing techniques.

    Algorithms in the toolbox can be used as a basis for developing customalgorithms for audio and speech processing, instrumentation, andbaseband wireless communications.

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    Key Features

    Signal and linear system models

    Waveform and pulse generation functions, including sine, square, sawtooth, and

    Gaussian pulse

    Statistical signal processing and data windowing functions Power spectral density estimation algorithms

    Digital FIR and IIR filter design, analysis, and implementation methods

    Analog filter design methods, including Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Bessel

    Signal transforms, including fast Fourier transform (FFT), discrete Fourier

    transform (DFT), and short-time Fourier transform (STFT)

    of Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox

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    Tentative Schedule Ahead

    Study OfProject

    Sept,10

    CircuitAnalysis

    Designof

    TX & RX

    Docu-mentation

    CompletionOf

    Project

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    Thank You