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5/16/2012
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Repeated high-speed activities during youth
soccer games in relation to
changes in maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds
Martin Buchheit, Ben Simpson and Alberto Mendez-Villanueva
Sport Science Department, Physiology Unit, ASPIRE, Academy for
Sports
Excellence, Doha, Qatar.
3rd World conference on Science and Soccer - 14-16th May 2012,
Ghent, Belgium
Sport science support -Training process in an academy
Football is first a tactical / technical game
Understanding the physical demands of a game is
determinant for the implementation of physical training
strategies
What should we train?
How much should be train?
Time motion games analysis
Gir
ard
et
al.
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ort
s M
ed
20
11
Research on repeated-
sprint ability
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chh
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et
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SM
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International games in young highly-trained players
Q: Do/how speed and fitness influence
high-intensity running performance and
repeated-sprint activity during game ?
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5/16/2012
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Impellizzeri et al. IJSM 2006
Rampinini et al. IJSM 2007
Pre Post
VO2m
ax (m
l.min
-1 .
kg-1 )
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66VO2max
Dist
ance
(m
)
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
High Intensity Running (>17km/h)
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chh
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# o
f re
pe
ate
d h
igh
-sp
ee
d a
ctio
ns
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
CD WM
Ru
nn
ing
sp
ee
d (
%M
SS
)
*
Me
nd
ez-
Vil
lan
ue
va
JS
CR
20
11
Playing position constrains the expression of
physical capacities during games
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The impact of fitness on match running
performance is position-dependent
Most of the available data limited to cross-sectional
analyses or correlations
No data on repeated high-speed actions or sprints
Impact of playing positions on these relationships is
unclear
Q: which physical capacities can impact
high-intensity running performance and repeated-sprint
activity during game ?
Q: can all playing positions benefit from the same
transfert ?
Game running activities vs. physical capacities
Examine in highly-trained young players
the effect of longitudinal changes in
Maximal sprint speed (MSS)
estimated maximal aerobic speed (MAS)
on
Repeated high-speed actions
Repeated sprints sequences
during international games
with respect to playing
positions
Purpose
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5/16/2012
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124 young soccer players
14.3 0.8 yrs,
0.3 0.9 yrs from/to peak height velocity
163.0 9.4 cm and 49.1 7.8 kg
14 hours of combined soccer-specific training and competitive
play per week
Tested 3 x / year (i.e., October, January and May)
Physical Performance field tests
Time-motion analysis during international friendly games
Methods Physical performance tests
Anthropometry Maturity status = age from
peak height velocity (Mirwald MSS 2002)
Incremental track test (Vam-eval) esti. MAS
40-m sprint with 10-m split times
Acceleration (1st 10 m) / MSS (best split) (Buchheit IJSPP
2012)
Reliability of the performance measures (CV):
(n = 65 players)
MSS: 1.4% (90% CL: 1.2;1.6)
MAS: 3.5% (90% CL: 3.0;4.1)
GPS, SPI Elite, GPSport, 1Hz
109 games 736 player-matches
full-backs (FB, n = 36 different players
played at this position)
centre-backs (CB, n = 26)
midfielders and second strikers (MD,
n = 48)
wide midfielders (wingers, W, n = 43)
strikers (S, n = 19).
Match analyses
Absolute and relative speed
thresholds (Buchheit IJSM 2010)
Absolute speed threshold
in relation to opponents
to compare players
Repeated high-speed actions :
> 2 actions >19 km.h-1 within 60s
Relative speed threshold
Relative demand for each player
Repeated sprint sequences :
> 2 actions >61% of MSS within 60s
Match analyses124 players tested 3 x / years
October to January January to May May to October
No change in
MSS or MAS
No change in
MSS or MAS
Substantial (>1/2 CV)
decrease
in MSS or MAS
Substantial (>1/2 CV)
decrease
in MSS or MAS
Substantial (>1/2 CV)
increase
in MSS or MAS
Substantial (>1/2 CV)
increase
in MSS or MAS
Changes in repeated high-speed actions and repeated
sprint sequences ?
Changes in repeated high-speed actions and repeated
sprint sequences ?
33 different players, 207 games
Pairs of : 41 for MSS and 28 for MAS
10 different players, 73 games
Pairs of : 9 for MSS and 12 for MAS
At least 2 games played during
a given testing period
736 player-matches
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5/16/2012
4
Sta
nda
rdiz
ed di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in Vvam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in Vvam-Eval
Sta
nda
rdiz
ed di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RHSS
Substantial improvements in Vvam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in Vvam-Eval
Sta
nda
rdiz
ed di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RHSS # Sprint/RHSS
Substantial improvements in Vvam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in Vvam-Eval
MAS
MSS
Changes in MAS
Improvements in physical
capacities :
greater repeated high-speed
activity
Effect position-dependent
less clear for # efforts per
sequence
Repeated high-speed actions
(absolute speed)
Stan
dard
ized
diffe
rence
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Stan
dard
ized
diffe
ren
ces
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in VVam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in VVam-Eval
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RHSS
Substantial decreases in VVam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in VVam-Eval
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RHSS # Sprint/RHSS
Substantial decreases in VVam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in VVam-Eval
MSS
MAS
Changes in MAS
Decrements in physical capacities :
Greater or unchanged repeated
high-speed activity
Effect position-dependent
less clear for # efforts per
sequence
Repeated high-speed actions
(absolute speed)
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Sta
nda
rdiz
ed di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in Vvam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in Vvam-Eval
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RSS
Substantial improvements in Vvam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in Vvam-Eval
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial improvements in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Sta
nda
rdize
d di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RSS # Sprint/RSS
Substantial improvements in Vvam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in Vvam-Eval
MAS
MSS
Changes in MAS
Improvements in physical
capacities :
Unchanged or less sequences
Effect position-dependent
less clear for # efforts per
sequence
Repeated sprints
(relative speed)
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in VVam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in VVam-Eval
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RSS
Substantial decreases in VVam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in VVam-Eval
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0 Substantial decreases in MSS
FB CB MD W S
Stan
dard
ized
di
ffere
nce
s
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
# of RSS # Sprint/RSS
Substantial decreases in VVam-Eval
Changes in MSS
Changes in VVam-Eval
MSS
MAS
Changes in MAS
Decrements in physical capacities :
greater or unchanged # of
sequences
Effect position-dependent
less clear for # efforts per
sequence
Repeated sprints
(relative speed)
Getting faster and/or fitter
Enables greater repeated high-speed activities
but does not translate into greater repeated-
sprint activity during games
the occurrence of sprints ( load)
Large position differences
Game constrains limit the expression of fitness
Loosing speed and/or fitness
Does not compromise the actual match running
activity fitness was not limiting before
But relative running load during games
Physical fitness
is not THE first determinant of repeated high speed
actions during games actual game demands are
likely more important
May modulate relative physical load
Injury risk, fatigue
Passing ability, decision making, etc
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5/16/2012
5
How much should we train physical
capacities?
Who can do more, can do less !
Thresholds ? Minimum required to play
Cost/benefits in relation to players
Physical profile
Playing style
Playing position
Playing standard
Martin Buchheit
Physiologist
ASPIRE Academy for Sports Excellence
P.O. Box 22287, Doha, Qatar
Tel: (+974) 55232540
Email: [email protected]
Bu
chh
eit
et
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IJ
SM
20
10
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