Cells: Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes!

Cells have evolved two different stuctures:!

Prokaryote & Eukaryote!

Prokaryotes  

Bacteria    

Archaea  

Eukaryotes  

Animals    

Plants  

Pro5sts  

Fungi  

Ex: E.coli and Salmonella!

Ex: Red Algae!

Ex: Yeast and Mushrooms!

Prokaryotes!

•  Most are bacteria!

•  VERY small!!

•  Single-celled (unicellular)!

•  NO nucleus (loose strands of DNA)!

These are prokaryotic !E. coli bacteria on the head of a steel pin.!

Structures in Prokaryotic cells!

•  cell membrane: surrounds the cell!

•  cytoplasm: inner liquid filling!

•  DNA in one big loop!•  Flagellum: helps cell move!•  ribosomes: for building

proteins!NO NUCLEUS!! All of these structures found

in eukaryotes too!!

Prokaryote Energy!

•  Different types of Prokaryotes get energy different ways!– Photosynthesis (Autotrophic)!

– Pathogenic – feed on living things !•  The kind that make you sick!!

– Decomposers – feed on dead things!

Eukaryotes!

•  Have organelles!

•  Larger and more complex!

•  Have a nucleus (where DNA is kept!)!

•  multicellular (more than one cell) or unicellular!

•  Include animal and plant cells!

Eukaryotes have Organelles!•  ORGANELLE – membrane-bound cell part!

•  Mini “organs” that each have a special job to do!

•  Located in cytoplasm!

Two Main Types of Eukaryotes!

•  Animal Cell!"   Plant Cell!

All eukaryotes keep their DNA in a nucleus!

Eukaryotic Cell Specialization!•  The whole cell can be specialized for

one job – this is how we can form multicellular organisms!!

!Ex: Sperm Cells specialized to deliver DNA to egg cell!

!Ex: Red blood cells - specially designed to carry oxygen throughout the body!

•  WRITE YOUR SUMMARY!