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7/28/2019 Cct - Essay Horace
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Instruct and Delight by Horace within The short Story of Ali Akbar
Navis entitled Robohnya Surau Kami
The poet must identify himself with them, and also must portray them with
probability and consistency, and thus maintain decorum. It is not enough for poems to be
beautiful; they must be affecting, and must lead the heart of the hearer as they will. As
peoples facessmile on those who smile, in a similar way they sympathize with those who
weep, you must first feel grief yourself. (Horace, edited by Hazard Adam, Critical
Theory since Plato: 1991: 69)
From that point, we can conclude first that when Horace said that it is
not enough for works to be just beautiful, but they have give any other
thing to the reader, mean that Horace hold the concept about reader
response or pragmatic concept; where everything is for the reader. The
author write his works is not only for himself but also for the readers.
Horace describe its reader response from the sentence he wrote, author
have to make the reader smile when the story intent the reader to smile, and
make the reader sympatize or even weep their tears when read the sad
works.
That point means the reader should understand what author would
like to convey, whether it is sad or happy, included the value what author
extend from his works, if it is implied or not.
Silvina Nugrahwati (1209503160)
Siti Patimah ( 1209503168)
Widiarti Nurbekti (12059503179)Yusanthiya Windhianita (1209503188)
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As Horace said again that; Though I myself write nothing worth while, I shall
at least teach the duty and office at the poet, instruct him where to get his materials, shows
what moulds and develops him, what is fitting to him and what is not, where the good can
lead him and where the wrong. (Horace, edited by Hazard Adam, Critical Theory since
Plato: 1991: 72).
Horace said that from the works of author, it is at least give the good
value to the reader. It have to be able to show at least what is fitting or
good for him or the reader and what is wrong for him. Poetry or works in
general must have the duty inside it. It means that the good work must not
give missunderstanding about what is good and what is bad. The
missunderstanding could be the good become the bad, and the bad become
the good. It is duty what Horace means we think. So, the work should bring
what author intent; what is good and what is bad.
More over, what Horace would like to convey about work is;
The aim of poet is to inform or delight, or to combine together, in what he says,
both pleasure and applicability to life. In instructing, be brief in what you say in order
that your readers may grasp it quickly and retain it faithfully. (Horace, edited by
Hazard Adam, Critical Theory since Plato: 1991: 72)
He who combines the useful and the pleasing wins out by both instructing and
delighting the reader. That is the sort of book that will make money for the publisher,
cross the seas, and extend the fame of the author. (Horace, edited by Hazard Adam,
Critical Theory since Plato: 1991: 72)
Besides the author must give the instruction about what is right and
what is wrong, it must give the reader delight. Delight here could be mean
give a soul delight to the reader. Through the story which is not make the
reader bored within the use of its language or its words. Because as Horace
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Then, the other instruction in Ali Akbar Navis short story is when
kakek has died no one maintains prayer-house or surau, even they ruin that
surau to use for their own life, such as use the wood from that building to
be fire-wood. From that event from the story, the reader can get the
instruct that we have to maintain trustteeship. As we think that the word
surau can be mean anything included trustteship itself. Why we said that
surauthere, is trustteship, because surauis a place for every moslem people;
so it must be maintained by every moslem people not only its watchman,
like kakek in the story did. So, when kakek as a watchman ofsuraudies, the
people should be aware that the suraushould be maintained and used for
what the function of that surauitself.
Dan yang terutama ialah sifat masa bodoh manusia sekarang, yang tak hendak
memelihara apa yang tidak di jaga lagi. (Ali Akbar Navis, Robohnya Surau kami: 2)
This quotation is quite same as the quotation before, emphasize bad
habit of people within maintain what have not been maintained. It instructs
the reader not to be like people in that story do, but we as the reader have
to maintain it sincerely.
Orang tua menahan ragam. Sudah lama aku tak marah-marah lagi. Takut aku
kalau imanku rusak karenanya, ibadatku rusak karenanya. Sudah begitu lama aku
berbuat baik, beribadat, bertawakal kepada Tuhan. Sudah begitu lama aku
menyerahkan diri kepada-Nya. Dan Tuhan akan mengasihi orang yang sabar dan
tawakal." (Ali Akbar Navis, Robohnya Surau kami: 2)
The next point about instruct is to be patient. Here, in this quotation,
patience is shown by the personality ofkakek. He said that he did not want
to be angry because of Ajo Sidis story about him. He is afraid if his
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worship is broken because he cannot bear his anger. He thinks that he
doesnt want to broke his faith after he worships and hand himself over to
God for so long time, because God will bless his creature who is patient
and hand himself over to Him. From that personality, the reader can take
the lesson from kakekspatience.
Tak kuingat punya isteri, punya anak, punya keluarga seperti orang lain,
tahu? Tak kupikirkan hidupku sendiri. Aku tak ingin cari kaya, bikin rumah.
Segala kehidupanku, lahir batin, kuserahkan kepada Allah Subhanahu wataala.
Tak pernah aku menyusahkan orang lain. Lalat seekor enggan aku
membunuhnya. Tapi kini aku dikatakan manusia terkutuk. Umpan neraka.
Marahkah Tuhan kalau itu yang kulakukan, sangkamu? Akan dikutukinya
aku kalau selama hidupku aku mengabdi kepada-Nya? Tak kupikirkan hari
esokku, karena aku yakin Tuhan itu ada dan pengasih dan penyayang kepada
umatnya yang tawakal. Aku bangun pagi-pagi. Aku bersuci. Aku pukul beduk
membangunkan manusia dari tidurnya, supaya bersujud kepada-Nya. Aku
sembahyang setiap waktu. Aku puji-puji Dia. Aku baca Kitab-Nya.
Alhamdulillah kataku bila aku menerima karunia-Nya. Astagfirullah kataku
bila aku terkejut. Masya Allah kataku bila aku kagum. Apa salahnya
pekerjaanku itu? Tapi kini aku dikatakan manusia terkutuk." (Ali Akbar
Navis, Robohnya Surau kami: 5)
Ali Akbar Navis, through the character in his short story would like
to instruct about the balance of worldly life and hearafter. This
instruction could be same as what Islam teach to moslem people. As
Quran said in ar-radu: 13:
For each one are successive [angels] before and behind him who protect him by
the decree of Allah . Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until
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they change what is in themselves. And when Allah intends for a people ill, there is
no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron.
It means that from that point, we have to struggle for our life in
this world and not just stay poorly. so, we not only worship to God but
also apply it in our life to human being. It is not like what kakek did in
his life without thinking about his life in society.
Our religion, Islam, ask us to get married, as hadist and Al-qurn
An-Nur:32 said:
Dan nikahkanlah orang-orang yang sendirian di antara kamu, dan orang-
orang yang layak (menikah) dari hamba sahayamu yang lelaki dan hamba-hamba
sahayamu yang perempuan. Jika mereka miskin Allah akan mengkayakan
mereka dengan karunia-Nya. Dan Allah Maha Luas (pemberianNya) dan
Maha Mengetahui.(QS. An Nuur (24) : 32).
Anjuran-anjuran Rasulullah untuk Menikah : Rasulullah SAW bersabda:
Nikah itu sunnahku, barangsiapa yang tidak suka, bukan golonganku !(HR.Ibnu Majah, dari Aisyah r.a.).
It means, the reader should not follow what kakek think about
worship to God and his perception about hand ourselves over God. As
this story tells us that kakek doesnt get merried because his belief
about hand himself over God . So, the instruction is to worship God
through the relationship not only to God but also the the other,
included getting married and endeavor.
Kalau ada, kenapa engkau biarkan dirimu melarat, hingga anak cucumu
teraniaya semua. Sedang harta bendamu kaubiarkan orang lain mengambilnya
untuk anak cucu mereka. Dan engkau lebih suka berkelahi antara kamu sendiri,
saling menipu, saling memeras. Aku beri kau negeri yang kaya raya, tapi kau
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malas. Kau lebih suka beribadat saja, karena beribadat tidak mengeluarkan
peluh, tidak membanting tulang. Sedang aku menyuruh engkau semuanya beramal
kalau engkau miskin. Engkau kira aku ini suka pujian, mabuk di sembah saja.
(Ali Akbar Navis, Robohnya Surau kami: 11)
This quotation instructs the readers to struggle developing not only
his life and their family life, but also his religion and his contry, even
the entire world. We must not just stay when the other people broke
our life, our family, our religion and our country, but we have to keep
and conserve our entire life. Through Ajo Sidis story, the readers can
learn not to be a bad person doing a bad action, such as fighting,
deceiving, telling a lie each other, and the act that can damage ourselves
and the other. Besides that we are asked to charitable to someone
needed our help; whether it is our power, knowledge, even it is our
wealth.
So that the reader can understand what author want to instruct,
Horace said that the works shoud be delight the reader first. Delight
here means lead the reader not to be bored in reading the work.
Because if the reader is bored, how instruction can be conveyed
without the reader read the text fully. To get delight for the reader, it is
said by Horace that the author has to put the appropriate language or
words, so what the author conveys, it can reach to the reader, included
its instruction.
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As what Ali Akbar Navis write in his shor story, we think he use
the appropriate words to convey the instruct. Because the story is talk
about religion teaching, so the appropriate have to relate with it.
Orang tua menahan ragam. Sudah lama aku tak marah-marah lagi.
Takut aku kalau imanku rusak karenanya, ibadatku rusak karenanya. Sudah
begitu lama aku berbuat baik, beribadat, bertawakal kepada Tuhan. Sudah begitu
lama aku menyerahkan diri kepada-Nya. Dan Tuhan akan mengasihi orang yang
sabar dan tawakal." (Ali Akbar Navis, Robohnya Surau kami: 2)
That is why Ali Akbar Navis become so famous in every study
of literature in Indonesia, because he fullfil the criteria what Horace
said through the blending both instruct and delight.
He who combines the useful and the pleasing wins out by both instructing
and delighting the reader. That is the sort of book that will make money for the
publisher, cross the seas, and extend the fame of the author. (Horace, edited by
Hazard Adam, Critical Theory since Plato: 1991: 72)
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REFERENCES
Adam, Hazard. 1991. Critical Theory Since Plato. University of California
Irvine and University of Washington: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
College Publisher
Adhim, Mohammad fauzil. 1998. Kado Pernikahan untuk Istriku. Yogyakarta:
Mitra Pustaka
Alhakim. 1998. Al-Qurn dan Terjemahannya; Ayat Pojok Bergaris. Semarang:
CV Asy-syifa
Jauhari, Heri. 2010. Cara Memahami Nilai Religius dalam karya Sastra dengan
Pendekatan Readers Response. Bandung: Arfino Raya
Navis, A. A. 2000. Robohnya Surau Kami. Gramedia Pustaka Utama