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P. García Alfonso Jefe de Sección de Oncología Médica HGU Gregorio Marañón de Madrid CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF mutado en primera línea en función de la localización

CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

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Page 1: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

P. García Alfonso

Jefe de Sección de Oncología Médica

HGU Gregorio Marañón de Madrid

CCRm irresecable / potencialmente

resecable RAS y BRAF mutado en primera línea en función de la

localización

Page 2: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Genomic markers in metastatic CRC

BRAF V600E BRAF non-V600

MSI MSI + other POLE mut

HER2 ampl

MET ampl

Gene fusion

RAS mut +/- PIK3CA/PTEN

mut PIK3CA/PTEN mut

Wild-type

anti-EGFR

anti-BRAF + anti-EGFR/MEK PD1 inhibitors

double anti-HER2

Kinase inhibitors

45% 8%

26%

8% 2% 2%

1%

1%

2%

2%

2%

Page 3: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Predictivo

• Valor predictivo negativo para los anti-EGFR

• Dudoso para KRAS G13D?

Pronóstico?

• Estudios con valor pronóstico negativo – MACRO

– ALIANCE NO147

Sligar SG et al. (Unin Illinois) De Roock et al. Jama 2010; Diaz-Rubio E et al. The Oncologist 2010; Yoon HH et al. Clin Cancer Res 2014;

Los ácidos grasos en KRAS 4b ayudan a controlar la unión con la membrana (1)

Page 4: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Mutaciones RAS total

RAS wild-type

KRAS codon 12 mutant

KRAS codon 13 mutant

KRAS Exon 3 mutant

KRAS Exon 4 mutant

NRAS Exon 2 mutant

NRAS Exon 3 mutant

NRAS Exon 4 mutant

KRAS Exon 2

KRAS wild-type

KRAS codon 12 mutant

KRAS codon 13 mutant

Extended RAS wild-type

(2014) KRAS exon 2 wild-type

(2008)

Douillard JY, et al. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:1023-34.

Page 5: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC

EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et al. Ann Oncol 2015

Meta-analysis of >5,000 patients from randomised clinical trials

20020408

20050181

CRYSTAL

OPUS

PICCOLO

PRIME

Summary

213

593

460

167

148

548

1.06 (0.79–1.42)

0.91 (0.76–1.10)

1.05 (0.86–1.28)

1.29 (0.91–1.84)

1.22 (0.85–1.76)

1.21 (1.01–1.45)

1.08 (0.97–1.21)

p=0.14

N Study OS

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Any RAS MT

0.5 1 2

Favours no cetux/panit

Favours cetux/panit

184

486

397

136

103

440

1.02 (0.75–1.39)

0.94 (0.76–1.15)

1.03 (0.83–1.28)

1.29 (0.87–1.91)

1.05 (0.69–1.61)

1.15 (0.94–1.41)

1.05 (0.95–1.71)

p=0.32

N

KRAS exon 2 MT

0.5 1 2

Favours no cetux/panit

Favours cetux/panit

OS Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Page 6: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

AVF2107g: OS con bevacizumab acorde a estado mutacional de KRAS

Hurwitz, et al. Oncologist 2009

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

0 15 25 30 5 10 20

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

KRAS MT (n=78)

KRAS WT (n=152)

Time (months)

OS

es

tim

ate

OS

es

tim

ate

Time (months)

Bevacizumab + IFL (n=44)

Placebo + IFL (n=34)

HR=0.69; p=0.26

Bevacizumab + IFL (n=85)

Placebo + IFL (n=67)

HR=0.58; p=0.04

0 15 25 30 5 10 20

13.6 19.9 27.7 17.6

Page 7: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

AGITG MAX: Biomarcadores

Price TJ et al. British Journal of Cancer 2015

10% de mutaciones adicionales en RAS total

Page 8: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

¿QUE OCURRE CON LA MUTACIÓN KRAS G13D?

Page 9: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Impacto predictivo de mutaciones KRAS en estudios con Panitumumab

Peeters M et al. JCO 2012

Page 10: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Segelov et al J Clin Oncol 2016

Cetuximab Cetu+ IRI

PFS a 6 meses

10% (95% IC 2-16%)

23% (95% IC 2-16%)

OR% NC%

0 58

9 70

N: 51 CCRm con progresión a IRI con mutación KRAS G13D

Page 11: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Biomarcadores en 5 estudios randomizados de AIO

Modest DP et al. Annals of Oncology 2016

Page 12: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

BRAF Mutations in CRC • BRAF es el primer efector de las

señales de KRAS (cromosoma 7) – Ocurre con más frecuencia en exon 15

(V600E)

– Aparece en 4%-14% de los pacientes con CCRm

– Mutuamente exclusiva con la mutación RAS

– Pronóstico negativo con mediana OS de 10 meses

– Más frecuente en mujeres, ancianos, colon decho, alto grado histológico

– Mas frecuente la diseminación peritoneal y ganglionar

Raf

MEK

Erk

P

P P

P

Tumor cell proliferation and survival

EGF

Tumor Cell

Ras

Yarden. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2:127; Di Nicolantonio. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:5705; Artale. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:4217.

Page 13: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

BRAF MT associated with a poor prognosis

Seligmann, JF et al. et al. ASCO 2015 Seligmann JF et al. Ann Oncol 2017

1L treatment OS for BRAF MT vs BRAF WT

BRAF MT patients have a significantly shorter median OS in 1L; only 39% of BRAF MT patients vs 60% BRAF WT received 2L treatment

OS

esti

mat

e

Time (months)

0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42

0

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

OS

esti

mat

e

Time (months)

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 24

0

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

BRAF WT BRAF MT

HR=1.48 p<0.001

BRAF WT BRAF MT

HR=1.17 p=0.33

21

6.9 10.2 10.8 16.4

2L treatment OS for BRAF MT vs BRAF WT

Page 14: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

BRAF mutado en FIRE-3

Page 15: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et
Page 16: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et
Page 17: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et
Page 18: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Genotipado del Colon Cancer:

Molecular

BRAF WT vs MUT

MSI vs MSS

RAS WT vs MUT

Inmunoterapia

Page 19: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

SPECTACOLOR EORC: Mutaciones

Page 20: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

• Correlación de Biomarcadores con clasificación molecular

Page 21: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Subtipos moleculares CMS: Asociación con otros subgrupos moleculares AGITG-MAX

Page 22: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et
Page 23: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Patrón Predictivo de Clasificación molecular en función de RAS

Page 24: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

TRATAMIENTOS PARA RAS MUTADO

Page 25: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Guías ESMO 2016

Van Cutsem E, Cervantes A, Arnold D et al, ESMO Consensus 2016; Online Ann Oncol, July 2016

Page 26: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Bevacizumab for 1L treatment of mCRC:

significant benefit with different chemotherapy

regimens in phase III trials

1. Hurwitz, et al. NEJM 2004; 2. Saltz, et al. JCO 2008; 3. Tebbutt, et al. JCO 2010 4. Cunningham, et al. ASCO GI 2013; Falcone NE Med 2014

Regimen

Tx

line N Post-study therapy

ORR

(%)

Median

PFS

(months)

Median

OS

(months)

IFL

IFL + bevacizumab1 1L 813 2L: ~50%

2L: ~50%

35

45*

6.2

10.6*

15.6

20.3*

XELOX/FOLFOX

XELOX/FOLFOX + bevacizumab2 1L 1,401

2L: 53%

2L: 46%

38

38

8.0

9.4*

19.9

21.3

Capecitabine

Capecitabine + bevacizumab3 1L 313 68%

62%

30

38

5.7

8.5*

18.9

18.9

Capecitabine

Capecitabine + bevacizumab4 1L 280 37%

37%

10

19*

5.1

9.1*

16.8

20.7

FOLFIRI+ Bevacizumab

FOLFOXIRI + Bevacizumab 1L 508 - 53

65*

9.7

12.2*

25.8

31

*Statistically significant difference vs the control arm NR = not reported

Page 27: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Guías ESMO 2016

II-A

Page 28: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

v

FOIB1 TRIBE2 OPAL3 STEAM4 MOMA5 CHARTA6

n=57 n=252 n=97 n=93 n=232* n=125

Regimen

FOLFOXIRI/

Bev

FOLFIRI/Bev

+/- Oxa

FOLFOXIRI/

Bev

FU/Bev

maintenance

FOLFOXIRI/

Bev vs

FOLFIRI/Bev

FOLFOXIRI/

Bev

Bev ±

metroCT

FOLFOX/Be

± IRI

Response rate 77% 65% 64% 60% 63% 70%

Disease control rate 100% 90% 87% 91% 91% N/A

Median PFS, months 13.1 12.3 11.1 11.9 9.5 12.0

Median OS, months 30.9 29.8 32.2 34.0 Too early Too early

* >70% patients with RAS or BRAF mutation

1. Masi et al. Lancet

Oncol 2010; 2.

Cremolini et al.

Lancet Oncol

2015

3. Stein et al. Br J

Cancer 2015; 4.

Bendell et al.

ASCO GI 2017

5. Falcone et al. ESMO

2016; 6. Schmoll

et al. ASCO GI

2017

FOLFOXIRI + bev: consistent results

Page 29: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

TRIBE: early tumour shrinkage (ETS) and deepness of response (DoR) by treatment arm (*Data updated)

1. *Cremolini et al., 2015, Ann Oncol

Page 30: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

• 541 pacientes de 3 estudios grupo GONO:

• FOIB (Fase II)

• TRIBE (Fase III)

• MOMA (Fase II)

• 205 pacientes (38%), presentaban únicamente mtx en

hígado

• Pacientes irresecables tratados con FOLFOXIRI + BEV

• Criterios inclusión homogéneos

• Evaluación respuesta homogénea (8 semanas)

• Tratamiento administrado hasta un máximo de 8 (MOMA)

o 12 semanas (FIB & TRIBE)

• Mínimo de 5 semanas sin AVASTIN antes de la cirugía

Pooled Analysis: FOLFOXIRI+Beva en paciente con enfermedad

confinada al higado

Cremolini et al. European Journal of Cancer. 2016

Page 31: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Pooled Analysis: FOLFOXIRI+Beva en

paciente con enfermedad confinada al

higado

• 69% de los pacientes mostraron respuesta (RR), con un control de enfermedad del 93% y ETS del 65%, tasa de R0/R1 del 36%

• Estos datos no fueron afectados por el estado mutaciones del Ras o BRAF, Tampoco los datos de OS

• Los pacientes resecados tuvieron una PFS y OS de 18,3 y 44,3 respectivamente , con una SG a los 5 años de 43% para los R0

Cremolini et al. European Journal of Cancer. 2016

Page 32: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Resection and response rates

% (95% CI)

Bev + FOLFOXIRI (n=41)

Bev + mFOLFOX6 (n=39)

Difference

p-value

Resection rate

R0/R1/R2a 61.0 (44.5–75.8) 48.7 (32.4–65.2) 12.3 (–11.0–35.5) 0.271

R0/R1 51.2 (35.1–67.1) 33.3 (19.1–50.2) 17.9 (–5.0–40.7) 0.106

R0 48.8 (32.9–64.9) 23.1 (11.1–39.3) 25.7 (3.9–47.5) 0.017

Overall response rate 80.5 (65.1–91.2) 61.5 (44.6–76.6) 18.9 (–2.1–40.0) 0.061

Intent to treat population. aOnly two-stage hepatectomy

Bridgewater, et al. ECC 2013. Abstract 2159

Previously untreated,

unresectable mCRC

(solo Metas

Hepáticas) Beva 5 mg/kg q2w

+ FOLFOXIRI evaluación cada 4 ciclos

Beva 5 mg/kg q2w + FOLFOX

evaluación cada 4 ciclos)

R

Cirugía de Metás

+QT adyuvante

Cirugía de Metas

+ QT adyuvante

Page 33: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Guías ESMO 2016

Page 34: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Biomarcadores en estudios AIO: PFS según mutaciones, quimioterapia y bevacizumab

Modest DP et al. Annals of Oncology 2016

Page 35: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Estudio TRIBE: El beneficio de SLP fué consistente en todos los subgrupos

Loupakis, et al. Abstract 336 (presented Saturday January 26, 14.00‒15.30)

0.5 1 1.5 2

Factor n HR p

Adjuvant therapy No Yes

444 64

0.70 1.30

0.04

Performance status 0 1‒2

456 52

0.79 0.53

0.20

Site of primary Left Right

330 149

0.82 0.66

0.29

Liver only disease No Yes

402 105

0.74 0.95

0,29

Resection of primary No Yes

166 341

0.77 0.77

1.00

Kohne score High Intermediate Low

47 224 213

0.83 0.72 0.81

0.82

Loupakis et al., 2015, NEJM

Page 36: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et
Page 37: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

CAIRO3: Maintenance Cape-Beva: PFS1 & PFS2

Simkens LH et al, Lancet 2015

Page 38: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Meta-analisis Beva maintenance

Clin Colorectal Cancer 2015

PFS

OS

Page 39: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

INFLUYE LA LOCALIZACION EN EL TRATAMIENTO?

Page 40: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

BRAF V600E

mutation BRAF-like

signature RAS

mutations PIK3CA

mutations dMMR

CIMP-high Low

AREG-EREG

expression

HER-2

overexpression

High AREG-EREG

expression

EGFR

amplification

Lee et al., Br J

Can ’16 Missiaglia et al.,

Ann Oncol ’14 Guinney et

al., Nat Med ’15 Laurent-

Puig et al., ESMO ’16

Puzzoni et al, ASCO GI ’17

Pietrantonio et al, JNCI

‘17

CMS1(Immune)

miR-31-3p high

miR-31-3p low

Right versus Left: Molecular make-up

EGFR promoter

methylation

ALK/ROS1/NTRK

rearrangements

Page 41: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Patients who received bevacizumab in addition to chemo had superior outcomes, with the

effect appearing greatest in patients with right colon disease.

Wong H et al. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 2016

Page 42: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Loupakis F, JNCI 2015

Page 43: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Goey KH et al, Ann Oncol 2017

Page 44: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

• RAS WT/BRAF MUTADO

Page 45: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Meta-análisis BRAF mutado

Page 46: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

TRIBE Predictive impact - OS

0 20 40 600

25

50

75

100

Months

Pe

rce

nt s

urv

iva

l

N

FOLFIRI + bev

Arm A

Median OS

FOLFOXIRI + bev

Arm B

Median OS

HR [95% CI]

ITT population 508 25.8 31.0 0.79 [0.63-1.00]

R&B evaluable 375 25.8 31.0 0.86 [0.65-1.12]

RAS mutated 218 23.1 30.8 0.86 [0.60-1.22]

BRAF mutated 28 10.8 19.1 0.55 [0.24-1.23]

All wt patients 129 34.4 41.7 0.85 [0.52-1.39]

RAS mutated – FOLFOXIRI plus bev

RAS mutated – FOLFIRI plus bev

BRAF mutated – FOLFOXIRI plus bev

BRAF mutated – FOLFIRI plus bev

All wt – FOLFOXIRI plus bev

All wt – FOLFIRI plus bev

Page 47: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

Guías ESMO 2016

Van Cutsem E, Cervantes A, Arnold D et al, ESMO Consensus 2016; Online Ann Oncol, July 2016

Page 48: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

VISNÚ PROGRAM CTC Screening (n= 750 pts)

47%

≥3 CTC

(n=350)

VISNÚ 1 (TTD-12-01)

FOLFOX

+

Avastin

(n = 193)

R

FOLFOXIRI

+

Bevacizumab

(n = 175)

FOLFOX

+

Bevacizumab

(n = 175)

Design Randomized Phase III

Primary endpoint: PFS (superiority 8 m vs 11,2 m, HR: 0.71)

Secondary endpoint: RR, OS. R0 surgery, toxicity, CTC level

basal, KRAS, BRAF, PI3K, Pten

VISNÚ 2 (TTD-12-02)

KRAS

mut

(n=191)

53%

FOLFIRI

+

Cetuximab

N=97

< 3 CTC

(n=400)

BRAF WT, PI3K WT

(n=194)

R

FOLFIRI

+

Bevacizumab

N=97

KRAS WT N = 240

60%

BRAF MUT o PI3K MUT

(n=46)

Design: Randomized Phase II

Primary endpoint:

-Group without mutation: minimum value 8.5 months optimum value 13 months

and 1 year PFS rate IC less than (+/-10%)

- Group with mutation: minimum value 2,5 months optimum value 6 months

Secondary endpoint: TR, OS, R0 surgery, toxicity, CTC level basal, Pten

FOLFIRI

+

Cetuximab

N=23

R

FOLFIRI

+

Bevacizumab

N=23

VISNÚ

Page 49: CCRm irresecable / potencialmente resecable RAS y BRAF ...€¦ · OS with EGFR inhibitors in RAS/KRAS exon 2 MT mCRC EGFR inhibitors are authorised only for RAS WT mCRC Sorich, et

AIO KRK0109: mFOLFOXIRI + panitumumab improved ORR but not PFS vs FOLFOXIRI alone

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BRAF INHIBITION IN mCRC

Adapted from Van Geel et al. ASCO 2014

1. Corcoran et al. Nature 2012, 2. Prahallad et al. Cancer Discovery 2012

EGFR signaling is inhibited by hyperactive BRAF. In the presence of BRAF inhibitor, EGFR

signaling is reactivated either by the BRAF-MEK pathway or the PI3K-AKT pathway,

resulting in cellular proliferation and survival1,2

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Comparison of RR and PFS for BRAFmut CRC

Doublet with EGFR

Vem + Panit 13% 3.2 months Yeager et al CCR ’14

Vem + Cetux 20% 3.2 months Tabernero et al ASCO ‘14

Encoraf + Cetux 23% 4.0 months Tabernero et al ESMO GI 2016

Dabr + Panit 10% 3.4 months Corcoran ESMO 2016

Triplet with EGFR

Vem + Cetux + Irinotecan 35% 7.7 months Kopetz et al ASCO GI 2017

Dabr + Tramet + Panit 26% 4.1 months Corcoran ESMO 2016

Encoraf + Cetux + Alpelisib 32% 4.4 months Tabernero et al ESMO GI 2016

Regimen Response rate PFS Citation

Single/Doublet BRAF/MEK Response Rate PFS

Vemurafenib 5% 2.1 months Kopetz, ASCO ’10

Dabrafenib 11% NR Falchook, Lancet ‘08

Encorafenib 16% NR Gomez-Roca, ESMO ‘14

Dabr +Tramet 12% 3.5 months Corcoran, ASCO ‘14

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BRAF INHIBITION IN mCRC

Historical response rate is <10% for cetuximab and iriniotecan with PFS of 2’4 months for the BRAF mt pts. Target

HR 0’5 for PFS (m PFS 2’4 vs 4’8m).

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BRAF INHIBITION IN mCRC

• Equal activity when analyzed per MSI status, PI3k mutations, prior irinotecan or

sideness

• Trend for a benefit in terms of OS (limited due to a high rate of crossover)

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BRAF INHIBITION IN mCRC

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Nuevos Fármacos en RAS/BRAF mutados

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Goal / condition Molecular Preferred 1st line regimen

Cytoreduction all WT Doublet plus EGFR (FOLFOXIRI plus beva)

RAS mut Doublet or triplet + beva

BRAF mut FOLFOXIRI + beva

Disease stabilization

all WT Doublet plus EGFR or Doublet plus beva

RAS mut Doublet plus beva

BRAF mut FOLFOXIRI +/- beva

„frail“, or chosen sequential treatment

no BRAF mut

Cape or FU + beva

ESMO recommendations: 2016

Van Cutsem et al, Ann

Oncol ‘16

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Goal / condition Molecular Preferred 1st line regimen

Cytoreduction all WT Left: Doublet/EGFR Right: FOLFOXIRI/beva (Doublet/EGFR)

RAS mut FOLFOXIRI/beva

BRAF mut FOLFOXIRI/beva

Disease stabilization

all WT Left: Doublet/EGFR Right: Doublet (FOLFOXIRI)/beva

RAS mut Doublet (FOLFOXIRI)/beva

BRAF mut FOLFOXIRI (Doublet)/beva

„frail“, or chosen sequential treatment

no BRAF ! Capecitabine or 5FU/beva

Incorporating primary tumour location

Arnold et al, Ann Oncol

‘17

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INMUNOTERAPIA

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• Técnicas Locoregionales

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Study Design

Presented By Peter Gibbs at 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting

SIRFLOX

Van Hazel et al., JCO 2016

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Cumulative Incidence of Liver PD

Van Hazel et al., JCO 2016

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Conclusiones

• La determinación de RAS y BRAF es obligatoria en los pacientes con CCRm. • Los pacientes con CCRm BRAF mutado poseen características moleculares

especiales y presentan muy mal pronóstico. • La mutación de RAS no ha demostrado inequívocamente mal pronóstico • El biológico recomendado en combinación con quimioterapia en

RAS/BRAF mutado son los antiangiogénicos • La lateralidad no implica modificaciones terapéuticas en estos pacientes • El FOLFOXIRI/Beva está especialmente recomendado en pacientes con

BRAF mutado y en RAS mutado con intencionalidad de conversión • Es necesaria la realización de ensayos con nuevos fármacos para mejorar

la supervivencia

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¡ Muchas Gracias! [email protected]