CBT, Virtual Reality, and GamesPertemuan 23&24

Matakuliah : O0414 - Computer / Multimedia

Tahun : Feb - 2010

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Learning Outcomes

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan

mampu :• Membandingkan Jenis – Jenis Aplikasi Multimedia

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Outline Materi

• Many Names• What is CAI• Types of CAI Software• Advantages of CAI• Virtual Reality• Games Development

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Many Names

• Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)• Computer Based Training (CBT)• Computer Based Teaching (CBT)• Web Based Training (WBT)• Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)• Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)• Computer Based Education (CBE)

This industry is much larger than the game industry

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What is CAI• Computer Assisted Instruction refers to a system of educational

instruction performed almost entirely by computer. Such systems typically incorporate functions such as:– Assessing student capabilities with a pre-test – Presenting educational materials in a navigable form – Providing repetitive drills to improve the student's command of

knowledge – Possibly, providing game-based drills to increase learning enjoyment – Assessing student progress with a post-test – Routing students through a series of courseware instructional programs. – Recording student scores and progress for later inspection by a

courseware instructor.

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Types of CAI Software

• Drill and Practice– Typically, drill and practice activities are supplementary to the “normal” teaching

process– Drill and practice is good for fundamental mastery– Can be thought of as a “flash card” system of the stimulus-response model– Speed is important for both presentation and feedback

• Games– May include point scoring, and can be individual or team format– Have the potential for a very motivational environment

• Simulations– Can provide microworlds (e.g., a world without friction or gravity)– Simulations are safe, inexpensive, fast, slow, clean, possible

• Tutorials– Self-paced, where the computer acts as an infinitely-patient, all-wise tutor

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Advantages of CAI

• Save Training Time• Enforces Quality Design• Provides Standard Curriculum• Easily Modified and Updated

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Example 01: CBT Program for Mill Operators

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Example 01: CBT Program for Mill Operators

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Example 02: FEMA Hazardous Materials and Domestic Preparedness Blended Learning

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Example 03: FAA Airport Surface Detection Equipment - Model X (ASDE-X) Blended Learning

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Example 04: United Nations "Microfinance Distance Learning Programme" Blended Learning

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Example 05: US Marine Corps "Financially Fit, Mission Ready!" Computer-based Training

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Example 06: FEMA EMS Response to Multiple Casualty Incidents Web-based Training

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Example 07: FAA "Memory 101" Computer-based Training

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Virtual Reality Definition• What is virtual reality?

– Virtual – • being in essence or effect, but not in fact

– Reality –• the state or quality of being real. Something that exists

independently of ideas concerning it. Something that constitutes a real or actual thing as distinguished from something that is merely apparent

– Virtual Reality• a computer generated ‘immersive’ (or wide field), multi-sensory

information program which tracks a user in real time

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Key Elements of Virtual Reality Experience• Virtual World - content of a given medium

– screen play, script, etc.– actors performing the play allows us to

experience the virtual world

• Immersion – sensation of being in an environment– mental immersion – suspension of disbelief– physical immersion – bodily entering the

medium– Related to presence – (mentally immersed)

the participant’s sensation of being in the virtual environment (Slater)

Walking Experiment atUNC – Chapel Hill

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Key Elements of Virtual Reality Experience• Sensory Feedback – information about the

virtual world is presented to the participant’s senses– Visual (most common)– Audio– Touch

• Interactivity – the virtual world responds to the user’s actions.– Computer makes this possible– Real-time

Walking Experiment atUNC – Chapel Hill

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Entertainment

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Training (NASA)

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Clinical Virtual Reality

The direct use of VR as a tool in the treatment or assessment of psychological and physical disorders.

Hunter HoffmanHITLab – University of Washington

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Gaming Platform

• Personal computer games – commonly referred to as

"computer games" or "PC games"

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Gaming Platform

• Console games – commonly referred to as "video games"

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Gaming Platform

• Arcade games– coin-operated games played on a

standalone device originally leased to commercial entertainment venues

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Gaming Platform

• Internet games– those which require a connection to

the Internet to play

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Game Development Team Roles• Game Designer

– a person who designs games. The term normally refers to a person who designs computer or video games, but it can also refer to one who designs traditional games

• Artists– responsible for all of the aspects of game development that calls for visual art

• Programmers– a software engineer who primarily develops computer or video games or related

software (such as game development tools) • Level designers

– a person who creates levels for computer and/or video games using a specific set of programs

• Sound engineers (composers, and for sound effects)• Testers

– a person whose profession consists of testing video and computer games in order to find bugs, errors and possible conflicts as a quality control process.

• Producers– the person in charge of overseeing development of a video or computer game