O privire cuprinzitoare in lumea animalelor,cu peste 1.000 de ilustrat-ii superbe

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CuprinsJntroduccr€ fi cum sera{a

Ce cstc un mamifer?Monolrernc qi marsupialelnseclivofele, lcne$ii $i lcmurienjiLilieciirn pf lm - p lan tLl tcc VAUlpt f lPrin]atcieCarnivorcleir prim - plan - tigriiFoci, balcne gi dc1finiIn prim - plan focllc AntarcticcManliterc copitatcIn prim - plar elefanliiRozltoare fi icpuriDc ce au aelrrele dulgi?

68-113

Ce estc o pasfte? n-jlPisiiride vinitoare qi pilsiri tefesh.e ?2-77PisIri din apropieyes apclor, pisiri

^acvalice, cocori, pIsft.i marjne

In prirn - plan - pingliniiBufni{e li pasiri dc pradiIn prim - plan - vulturilPisiri de copaci {ti stipehii aenluilnprim - plan -plsdrilc colibriPlsIri canfi|oaiei olrm pran pdtu rle par"dtoulur

foloseslc cadea de+-l

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Coptrithi@ lt99 Mrnholt EdirionsDcrclopnL.nts frd,{ll rig}is rcs(rycd

Copyrigl't o 1c9!,:003 Edit'rrs r'L^Mr\COCrl

Lrcr iLH i ! r t r t r .g i r ' . 'u aJ, ! i _. rc, , t ! i r nu v lJ pL .Jfi.eDroduse F'in nicinn ftldE nrijloc rohnic Eri *coldut

scris al ednnriiILA[' lNGo Gl)

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lndrunntor: ilDil lohns!orrtc partiqipifi: s|evl sr*ord, Roedi r-cq

PKrrurlr Plilip Whnf cldcoDrxlt!n1i: ,urr"trra: Dr Sxn ahurelnetd,

(ldgrs Cottcse! UNlversikr.i dir Lodre&iridi Dr Mrlcolh O!il!io,lnst n.'nbtu alFundqt.iJc

Onln.bsi.rr sn'Cill rc.sjsrcnelof Uncdo-fi4r!! $,],ttl)!e,,i Proilsqr Bany Cox, Lrijru urrldisni. t.

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; i caicaniiil priar - plan - calcanii, pisicilcdc rnarc ,Ji rechirlii dc limdStLnionii, ptiuciLc Ai spcciile irrruditoTipar-i, tarpuli 5i hcringiCrapul, plitica, prfanh:iSomnul 5i rudelc saLe

Tjpa11ll cLectuc, somon!1,pc elc lopori$c:i,si $tiucaCodL , pcitii-pcscari $i lipnfii-codFzrnilia bilranululin prirn - plau tonulPc\iri zbLrrilori, f clti linteln:r,peqti-lopirlir

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|nn,ditular rn Nnjir de zons.!l$ale lru hrlindc. impi4tunrtnn.lie du cliur !j rc Dhurclciirurnirc. c.L. rriiq\c1trrt{ HnI iti!'nl Pr.zenrdD nr hirti dc Mi io\(rul.ril. !mr melexg rr cete ncnh,siDt\oluire hlnlr{t+r{v*i i" tL.g.ndx hirrir lqzi nr&. 5 Dorn rlttrJa

ffi r'r1"i . ' p.,n," 1p**i1

pcste l,-5 milioane de fcluri - sau spccii - (ic arrnlalc. Toatcr,eslc Jr I r i 'L pot qi txp. in i rc i r dJu;- t .pur f inci f . .e.\'crebratc e ir trc(erlebratelc.Pcstii, ir,.nfibienii, reptiLcle, pisirite $i mamifcrcle suffloatc vetfcbrate, ocen ce ilrseanxri ci au in corpul lor oc0loand vcdebrali. Animrlcie lrcvertebrute, cum ar fiiascctele, liianjenii $i ficlcii, du au coloani vcrtebraliOamenii dc $tiinli crcd ci cele mai nrultc dintrc speciilc de,c le".ctL. crLm .u-r r rarni fe-elc " r" iu i le. , nr dejai lno cLl l . r ctdr cA DoT er isr , ince mrj .oanc oe . f ic j i deinsecte +i alte nevcrtebfttc nici care incA a$tealtA si ficdcscopedtc. Aceffi1i encicloFedic ih$t|afi ne ofcr6 rnneplctuil catalog nl tuturor tipurjlor impoftante de animale.de la balene la purici.

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4

Cum se foloseqte cartea de fa{i

[r,z,.Lta cncicloocdrc a an-rnalcLor csLc :mornil; iu ioruI .r l 'ole -n.r1 ifere, pi. ir relr j le, aff l ibieni, ne)ri $jinscctc, paianjcni si alte neverfeblale. Fiecare caprlol conlireo introducffc- ill carc sunt dcscdsc camctedsticile fieciruitip de animaLc (cun ar fi manifcrclc), pagini-catalog careilNtreazd $i prezinti taple despre multe spccri difcrito i;ipagini de concentrare, care abordeazi mai in amanuntdriu]nite a0inale. Exrsti $j cincj lagini duble, care se relbri!a inl'olmatii dcsprc adaptalca $i compofialtrcr1tuL arlfiale]or.

ndrd (busLq !iriind! d!

Cheile simbolurilor pcntruhabitate

In lud sell.., ttrsri ., Fm.1,, roicrc cu tu14d'..1..

ti,t!, t6.eDur l. 'nti!

mnsqliiigin{ ii li, d.l)r$i!tri E.

5

Mamiferele.FiitlelL: tltttne. str lI rtnu di tele tprttttnMtir q.l]00

de spi r:ir tle ntaitiJerc. ,\'ftniltrL:le .'ii:itii ft tt) telni nrr:/r:.sj i;rrii irrile ,ll r. g,isr:.1. ja td!11! fhtila

lLttitii, Lle la inghtlrtn ,,1;ttiLi !u (/e ntni liqbi tile.let ttli i, .le lLt pitlL{ilt, rclc ttui le;e la r:ale ntti

t)ilt i t)!,xnt).' Etistit llrlt tiltut.i dilLrit<, tlenantif ire .f ieLnrc tuJt,ht! t i fu.,intd l)t, e+t ntlt l l .

- . ; . .1 . . . , . i , tJ , . t " r"rr , r , , , ' c . ,

delJittii ilottti in ltat.x, uittiltlt: tultti !tt liunrinl.t ; ! . ,_.r _t , . . ' 1. . , . , . , , , : , .1, , . . , , t - . t I , Jta,

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idt ntai tL!e!t tc agttlti tle o citgifu r:optttiltr

l'o:ilLIe nt n'fti ciprinclt |:|dtitiltre ft! tLljui.t:.tt !:untat ttLtlt th 2lJA dc ltilfu)tlt)r dc iti it t.l it)ai, Jiltr-un

g1- J) de iel l t l l r 'ct ! usl)r t l t lc ntu l i / t f i , , l t , ! Li t l(l i n o: t.t r i i i n ( i sr ri b iLtr Lni P i n t i n ! u I I' rt' t tel t

, , r . , r . , . . , . o. , . t . , , . . , , . . ' , , , , . i . . r , , . . : " . . , ,dr l r . . r r r. \ i ra l&raa. ar?-! f JJt1t1ad l l t i !aatx. i i aLtd daelinozartr .,1uon 6i le ntiliotitt J+ qni, cintl

tlitrozrrtrrii ttu intepLrt tti iitl t'ir. itttul lo; dolrinantn lo.\l tLct!pltt lr lltili/btr. (:dlrit:tldtc( lu lc i tt:

odapta ta htl:iarc Jidril! .lil.rit( Lt {ljutttItct ri;fbt ele .'i .;r: rti:pinleascir px kn globul

i l r ' : r : . : . r t r , \ t , . l r ' , : , : i : rtr rrr:.

'. -rl r. 1., . r.rn i

' i , r r i , L t ,Lr : l . r l l rxd l

:1rcrc f j r ia * c Nar: [ r r : . ]: : i | , lxsLi | i : ' r j t . i . : r i | i l !

rr:: r,Lrli: !:ll .i.. Cr:i:: l r r r r . r , : : r l r i l r \ : r I f . ! -r:f. r:i:l f:-:r,L i r xr:: r:

-1

Ce este un mamifer?h//r-r' l jfcrete runr rr gr-up dc -.i irnrrc foartr:I

r otu:.: dar aL un nulxa. d!- cd_ractcrisliciev, i i ! r r r . Lt( . SunL a t lnt le cx sangc cald. au plJ l j . l tcu carc rEspjri i acr 5i .rn arsambli dc r.ajf -rLl.rlte^l]-l-1;.1=

te s4 c corpul gi tc pr.r,cjenzdoryanelc rhtenre. acie rnoi ttrulle l.r qi un cre.crr'cratlv ruare, simlud asoulite $i par san blanii.

,uhrif.tule ntu Jnnna e d! iinh.nld, ndttiloLji i: Diskcz. .or;qdLc4pniltrft .o+ul!j, oricare tu firern!.!nri nrediuhli, Iraii lo.:lcpF . . !J rnHif t tu. anst i r l ,p. . r t rr ( r r : r - tet t i i r , r . r f r s l j r r , CdtrLooi rLn rL umbti lstftr 3 utr \einciil/i. sxtr trr Dirr. i! nri xzi.r'llCn*L Drd u L.chne l.r I .ijj\e

Sinfurilerr gen$a l- Da Difercl. qr foxn€ dczro ia1. sL lu'it€ viiztrt!i, nrrtrhi.trlros'r!I, s$rntrj ii piliiLuftLi.accslc srdrtr.i 1.- ajuri si lisessddI'r&r, tt s€ l*eascri d. Il iidiio.i.sr $rgiscrsciiperqlrea $j !ntrtrD dl.le O+alrclc snnlrdlir gisc\. a{e-len u.n!, in rpropier+d .i+ier!t j

Tipuri de marnil'e recclc naiirrttc mmiferc da+mtrc.N uiorpui vji h tlljod_r3rcx tor, mdD ilcEtc sunLeu{itrcnc,.dhri puji+rcr

', prinrc

currhincr Ei nmt dinrrtali c!origcr tj nsni l}lnft-un o{nnspecial. nrDrjl lrLaccnla, ti ta naircF surt bnre dczroLhti luiiMar nrDir'qre, n{rhire rrF!.pLnlc. sunl ln n{lrrc foffLc slbdcz{ollrlisi s.larisc pin:i inLr olurgd sl}Dcjrr;, rndd tot sicrelscli in sjg!.rili. rINrn jfo.tcmonoft'nc sux f cobjiNircj!.nh'.a dclur ouri, nr n3s. |!j

PUII]E ''ANCUR

CARE SDIIRANE;TE iN ]\rARsuprll

llritiili:\

Picioarc slabcolrlt r ngi ri Otri..nict

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A l ; i f l r i ln1ln .,, !n [. ncv.it. rnadnnc hrnnnpunnr co!i'. ca altc animal+, lcmc-

, l.lc ndilciclor poc sil produ.I

a\ti'opria h.anii peDtru pd Ele auel1nd, spec;ale, maDnE (rnnnile

ti sin sNtrSeLe),. e timduc larLclLj, p+ cor'j !u il su* ptu +ircnlj'rcsr,a cst+ 0ldptlrul Lq)el: conin dlilt grlls ni, prctc n. ririL:xninc, dc corr puLiru icvoLclntru r crcllc tr a dnlnnc {liint.ti

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Brrro sunr inconjNire de o n+inli lonnrriscurte dia uolrL{, ixrcrcicrul e$eproreJrrde

oi#le c rn'lui. Unclc Nmifcte !i rnldrtlil pii ale $heleruiui *s:isc

5CHT.LEl' DE tIAL]i\,i ALBASTM

noLiir'eds.t c! n$dul lorsFe.rnc d.rra6 Dc F ildr, mamildrt Li d[iine.tr ar PrFare, or nro6t+rr

tnngi

Monotremegi marsupiale

mRrsupialele sunt deoscbite. Ca Si st'rimoFii l0rrcltilicni, monotrcmcle dcpun o[ii.'Ibtuii, n1uIIci cendies din oul puii se hrirrcsc cu laptcle matern. c:l $i.ci lalr i pui-d( mAmilcrc. Lrpr.te iz\ 'or tt( din nisrc pot. im{i meri dir picle, pcntru ci femelcle tru nu

Eclridna cu cioc lungEd,tdi.lc ru b.rui tlqgi $t;i

^-u ditrti, jai lrxjla,clc lor nml

Jrrb+ rlc accer, clc }riDd cr liDba

':!r lrp.c:olr:i linnicr, remiLc !j attc

iinlc nriri, !o cafu le zdf+buso d.

Dr4mclcline. S{arsupixlele dau lrt||tcrc urror puisubdcz,!olta{it unii nu sunt mni mari decat un bob deorcz si rtlnt orbi $i lipsitj dc pir, O d|ti niscut, ud puid, marsrpi{ l sc dc7l.olr i inrr-{, pun3i piro si i , :r l iai i inpartca ale jos a aldom*n lui lllrmci.

MonotremeleMot.c . - c lJ . - r cc. or J l ! . r , ro l rc Si L: .nrr : r r crr , [ inrJ:r or|or i . i O Is--.e.__.,1: cc . n- del lrnc u.! .n;. r \ , , , r-coqa moatc, !e carc I puDc aloi intr_un lar{ speciaL de pcabdorncn O1rl cste arcoperil cu o substanfi lipicjoasd Sidupn 7-10 ziic dirr el icse Duiul. Olnitorillc! csie unuldiltrc putinclc mamil'cre: mrsculii tu la ficcare dintcpicioarelc din sletq un niDfcn asculit, cr,jilrc injectcaziotraf i it inamic. Fcnela ornitorinc delunc doni sau treio!;i la calItul uDLLi tunel lung. Duli cel lnulr doudt;ipt;m:i i, din oui ics plrij.

Echidna

@D&i ltiirihri iuFL 15 iu rn: .md.9.mRiirpindn!!: Affr i ;r. TilDr!:. nd.

DHDnins nii4iliril: ft.liqr,,n,r

OrnitorinculOhrtnir.ul ili JcLr.ce.ci Lnr jmxrc FrLx r 2il.i iff + li2uifti d.p{ ril!lr.lulul, tbl{sir)d!.sc fcci..Ll LLrj seDslilpchrr a !inla indhn riiufu i n,!..1r vjc'ni,$fusrxccr ijr bLoisrc Cr.cnt hri(onsd innr uj.nlrubtu d!ois+ dcopciitc c! tictc

cu cloc

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llir nrx .3rra 4j ?r. !n:

!:rl jutij m: N+L$ Grirk!D€rLnrirrx lrirrit icti:

"?_ql.rrir

MarsupialeleCuvir.tul,,marsupirl" inscamDe,,marnltbr cup1ugi". Micul pui dc marsupiaL cstc nevolt si se calere prinblana rnamei pentru a ajunge la lungalliroasi, O daii ajunsiriurtru, se agali de fiafielon $i bea lapte. Maftelol!$l seumflir ilr gLuir puiulLri $i-j oleri laptclg nccc$ar. Punga cstepcntnr pui un Loc sigur, ln carc poatc crc$tc li sc poatcdezvolta pann cand va fi gata si lad lati lunil exterjoare.Existii rnaj rnult de 250 de specii de marsupiale" cele lnailnultc trnird in.\ustftlia qi tu insulclc invccinatc, dlll catelxspecli se g:rsesc Si in ccle doui Am€ricl.

OposumuL de apiO|losuhtrl d. rdl c(e smsudnuEUpinLcarc liiictlr in npi.El icsc din cnib{l aflar inrnrtLr l r lcr 5 i nor l j r r . i f ir .

'c dc tc-rr i , cn . ' .L i r

xll+ mimiLc aclaticc nrici. rr+rN lc.ril li nrrl, pcnlr,r a lcDiinc!. llnioali cu !jui.nlIicLorrctor4ur sprtc. c{rc d{{cgrjtclc unncpr:itr fLcl+. +ord{'.irdu.sc ajutoml cozii lunsi.D+oarccL piclc{ ltri rlciocsi rcr'pnrgr aptr. cl.innN .,.! 0sca1.

AILI.ln clc acasi inur ic$!a tiir dcd.rturi, rccstc Mr$Llial|trilicsc sing rc sa! ir gfL'turiDci nrtf-o ai2trinii sultcrui.Noalrca, clc lin.rzi I n$no(uilc dc jr rlrii iisccrc,

Fpii c sru piisii.cl. Kowlr

Kowari

dau Datr+ro lruil+r iarnai cl!rcanc.rrcr sau lxsc PUL

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IttuDlindir.n M.xr, -{'n.,i.i

D.nnn'irr riiinifi.:l arr er6

)I{riFct LurPLr r6,t rt rn,

Rlirrrirni*r ArJrru rcai4 i

Oposumul deVirginiaLrsla siilMrl mlrsrrpl;rl nod'rno -tan Sconnoffi{c dd.sca prD cofurilc sru EfolLL. dc gunor l'ctrlr' isdij dc uindlc dc!.!di ca drii,+einri, vLrltuf i sdtrNr.rLi, ottosn$rl,,1!cc N Do.t{1". (ldndn.sc fc olrfl(, (u Lixrba scossi si,:n.cLljiinclrn rou rlirtilLnnr . dirNctr.CrcTind ci cstc d.jtr morl, !Dtri-lnl dc rftdii hipodlr ticrd+ j,nc'c'sul, irr L,posDnrta{i ciitcva Mcordc vnrlc, h carc pontc sli s.nFd

@bN1h'nci ri,Ni j2.i.i c.rdr l:

l ,Rtuprndnrrsud-rnrrcNnrrLi lrSr,r,\, inieri.xCtnrnli llDH{Fie! !1i1fid ni/lttu!

ll

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Wombat\\.hbar sc ll5rc$n cLr i!rb{ din

I'idufiti hti*tri ir porc sitiiiasciifiri apii luniidkcgr. ln fli.zulycrii, ncesl inimaldolathn iri

Flr..c 2iur irpostlndn-sc de.ildnii int $ !!zulfd lungi tiadirci.Ictucla di n2 c,. unur ngu Ni, om sri in nLdsqlnL lf+lluni .0 dal i i+! i l d inpLmgi, c ls l iid!rclni cu mam allc ciihla turi,dulii cxrc !r lrii irrl+prjndcnl

us@tl irin.n coQuL{0.35 rm: .ord!:

Rlrpi irci: tistu|-|!fth!Dmumn.x ll i in!il icL fr!{. '1a^1'r

KoalaKoala iiipcrrccc tesre Ll orc dm zrd,rrnind Rcslul tnnpului sehriincltc cll irunzc de cncrlilt. Arcun inlc$n lug- cafc n l)crmilo stdilcr+ fnr zclc larl $i si scflrc dcs'bn.nlck chmlac otiivitoarc diDfrunzc. l,unsi rpc+i,rLc dn obqiipislrc{zii lrMzclc pinli cil'd x, c

Rirp.lniihi Atr*s ha, Ti$snirirnr+dus J n,iroulz!chtrdlDc mirrr!ii"! fi.;l ?tn/idndd

Diavolul tasmanianA!6rd iprorihaliv ndrmcs unuicinie nic, di.!ol!l

'dnanLrn arc

ndaillrc pulcrnicc, capibile sizdrobcasc[ offc]e tirizii. Ac.s!naisdpd nLdeut s. dcpltsciziinc+t, dlrcsle {orlc isel Mito$Llhifoaic asculir lbLoslFtc laloc{lizdica pdzil in intune c ti losL4rrindcrc.ci Sc hdnctt. cu

fcplile, p$titi dlnnlcrc flicr,

1? 6"rr-r

M;!.nnc roarl10 2llts

RisIi'ndir.x: $rLl Au( riri.

DuiaDLiror lrlitr!ifi 4!: r.,,/vrn3

Oposumul cu coada-perieln ncdiul lui nrlural. d$ FduL.,on+sunul cu co3d[-pc,ic sq l,dnc$.cu floi, frunzc,lrucrc, ntcctc tiPUidc prsirN :r zonclc locunc dc ormsi\ifa.c cdb in clndrri ii sc hdicstc.u rcnui hcnajcrs lli nn$rc

$obolanul marsupialmaronlu$obolanxl maroni! vinoMi ihiditLl-du sc dnpi nn!!d Lls$ dc pLldi.Triliuitc in zonc c\ !cse1x!'r dc$:,nndc sc p.!a|c ascurdc dc f*iditorrmei nari, cu, afli lnllLdi iilulpilcSc lr iDe$tc {u vicnni, lfflq dcnbftLc ti ciucic strtlcrdtre.ll Lc slDinincc tis.oryioni, duti cc lc vaIiii c! dinli coadr oliilitoxrc

M:iri'n!! co,llu 10.jlcl\ .+rli

Risnindirla, {dul t *lul

Dcitrmirc| triiiriri{[: ruo.{,n

MlriEcr .rryL'l 1.ld n: ..d1

ru\trtrdi^r: !f Ltr!r A' nft I'ciD.tumi'lN I rijnliricii M!.0/r4

Cangurul culTt coadaUdtrric'id-condai :$i dar.Euinunclc uDti nici rn!}ii, ascmliuitoN {u ccl. rlc d.gctelor. ascunsi

Cangurul roguCargurul ro5t cs$ +el nrai

rnarc ffi$upiil D+ obrcci,

S 'i*;:*irii;:*i'-r\ \iLrr! il. 5n krn,h

ra$crc !n!i sinsu.!ni, c e ,cscdit rnnsi dul5 doril hni Oricird

all[c tr! Iflicnl.IUiul rc !x rctugininqoi ir nuauptu,la dlpost.

Cangurui-SobolanmoscatAcest mi. cxnglr cstcDcobijnuilp+ntrs {ii di nnilere c! rcgllsrlll]r+umr gcn+nl. S!tu lcosebie dedlicni8nfl,.l rcfcr:l sn * d.plnscze pe loale ccLc pltru pidoatc,

ca un ioFuro. ti masdliiii f+n,clclc produc m mnos

A\.-w)trtultnrrrc!: ion! en0l A$tftliqt

lt'?:tp1trmllll rc.htL6

VeverilauflasaVelei ilr rbr Slosrc uri{iij rre ottorlr!ft dE l'ele.irc sc innnd.intrc inchciclurilc Labelor din tnli\, dnr spatc. re n a sc dcllr|sadin coplc in.op&. in lidrilc dc..u.aLrpI in cm€ tfiictt!, sc dunciiln m ii-rL in!.dc nmbLtle dnr1!'!li !i din slitu l'ieleo rclionclz!(d u feL de }dar.urii- Ii,11iFDdu isn lLanDz* pil'i In deninal e

Canguml de copaci(cangun lui Lumholrz)Cingunrldc cop{ci ifi petecc m!.-Jori1al.,t lmpnld nr rdmuile snF-

' o c.lc copacilor dinp:idurc,

udc rriilincll trunzu !i ffuci..

zburatoare

unghie

iLl pjrtrL di'1 rtrful cnzji El a'r utrmod sftniu de a sili, detlNindn iL Imlelenr 6crc in tiirtulsalflrritor PitLn[t!] 0rlor ii ei vi-tl.' o d st$ o ma,cplnc din F-rrhn mfituiilor in cnrc lr6rrr lr schdrercl.;a rNm trccst cangu esc

I urglii

RiisD;indnta, rord Brtu| nrshlioDdnxnno niiiti|ici: D.dD/.3rr

-"sDM:i,iD.x .o,tnli0 4r.rtr

RtlpiDrrir€x c!n'L -{u{r eiDcDUnn.r {rjin!fi !r Flr.rrEi.t r

Insectivore,leneqi gi lemurieniT\e-< ._ceslc anim;i c u

'e iruude'c unele cu ,:.rele.Izrccla r..r 'n-lLc o 'r '- r lc s. Lr;ne\c L.xclu< v crlinsectc $i sunt probabiL ccLc rnei ciudatc di rrc rcarEmamilcrcle. Mamifcrclc consunlatoatc dc insecte inoludtatu ul. furnicarii, pdrgotinii, Iunicar-Lrl african, ci itele,tenrecli, chitcarii ii aricii, Lenciiiigi lenudi sunl mench!oridc planle $i isi petrcc ccx mai mare prutc a vielii in colaci.

$' . . 5 ia l t i

r{irpr:rdir!: mrd in.4ir d{ StrdDdrnirlx itnirinqr r,"fit r

Furnicarul, tatu-ul, Lcnegul cu trei degeteLcrcsLrlcu r.N! d+g.tc cslc.cl nnilcni

'nmitcr din clrc exis(il,

itingiixl o YiLczii Ddimii dD ? nlc Dr lnul la sol . Pci i d i r bk lLLjau mici Fnluri, i,, cuc crcsc phDeftrnusc{lc. nrnitc algc. r\c.stolLnnlc dN hnc$lui 0 nuxntairo .. ca,c as.mdc dnnrlul d.Iridlilou cx lnllLnn !ijilrarii

pangolinii, fuinicarulalncan sl leneslr

Furnicanrl gigantA.cr nnicrnnoN $ibri[ ftrrni+ilor !i mu\'itroaicl+ I+|1n,rclo! lc

iii5iug+ cu aJu$ruL glift.lof iiilj ir hodn.L h rl! I nb I ar

dofm- <c'rocrcc e._"; i i .h:ur"rasc at , i -n. icu ;,. Ai ii lFiciorsi Funicilc 5ii Llftrrol. sc lrlrcsd iic Lin-

rseLrdni lor cu al fulnicar lor gr tnrrr-

ba a..t*i|]i cu Di.iacc

. El . intoldcanm $i. .iji s; f{ nistlgi_ cul

Iurnicarii Si latu-ul suDt animale edentatc. Cuventul,,cdcntat" inseamni ,,fll'e dinli", lermen iD$cldtor. deoarecenumai furnicarii sunt lipsiti cu adcvifat de dinli UDii tatuau chiar $i 100 dc dinli, deli ace$lja !'unt foaftc 111ici $i canistc cuiloafe. Aceslc namifcre nu au ncvoic de dinli mad,cll care si mlr$te. pentlu oi ci se hrinesc cu futnici glicrmite, pe care le prind cu lirnba, $l leneiji suntanimale edentatc, dlir ci se hrhnesc cu frurzc pe carelc mesteci incet. $u cu insccte. Ei ffinar1ca,

capul iDJos dc crcrgi. Pangol ini i $ifirrnicarir alllcaui au un stil de Viaii

uLuL. de$i nu sLult irdclproapeluuditi.

"dah

@"Rilpindir.x, \nei !rCnL iti rrd! sud, rlt,il ir aoRlr I Aqflrnr

D

Tatu-ul gigantC! ti dli Lrtu. tdtu{'l uiaj arcc.Tul r6l+ril cn pli{' 6mni#Iil cintfteit ]!i i la 6ll kg sicslc foatc lulcflric- p end rn

Tatu-ul cu noui benziAruncr .ADd est am.nnrtat. ac6rIsftse gheDuirirc Si drlinr: onDgc, anftl irnci! ebdotuhul nollc.!1c ptuloj.l. iiind dpus do.r lpal(lc proejrl dc o imuil lrip+rrccccca n{im.rclart n zilci domiDdla adilos, in +rrhul $ rjarc llls.pi lolosjndu^c dc ghqadcl!t*-nicc alc lrb+l{i dn ra$, aiundA l

saFc nr cxibuLlc d+ iurni+isau s! dcsclidi nn$umielelclhitclor du laldld din fdliSp c dcoscb re de raln ul 0,

. nolnbcMi, cl sc foar.

tumicaml dicaD dari dcpeHli dr |l ]icr! din li4i ileatror ani&n.. cu coadr ca

ic i.l)n€ Funicrd aAic.n s'jhineiE cu tennil(, noaprcx. Larpul d[ , , ovnc, i .x ihu]

Fumicarul africanMtri'no: turDil .15 50 .nl

, i ; . : 't :

' " /

Rr'IiDdirm :1dll Sdt loi Lr:trc,

Doatrnnc! trin'(i[cr rurr,an

Pangolinul uriaq;A+es1{ +sLc singurul nr3 ifcracoFrt cr solTi Ahn. iotnd:e[|ine$te nu un +rib {c ftmici,plconpclc groasc ii! Ftq caznochil dr fiutcdtur , rarnrile nutchi sl,ecialinrchid niidlc, pcnIua ilpicdica intarclr lurlli+LloiAicni'rlrt,sc loate gLanui, su

... \\ DOJI! Si SC 3ncr0

$.\ csc !rD{Lrc

glrcnur dou prLli{l

.& !i l salii cu pLcLoarele luiL!mic.. Cu }ul t.are 1l tbaLteiiinn)FLer, alaind du crossc

Tamandua din nonlT2Drndrr esle {n lumrcar csrq eq.i!id ni coL,aci La sol. clsatuiicisttbgddi, n1..t. du iLl +0pac! drrdcuE esre ur ei+iIilo. egil, lolosii-dtr ie de coadii.a dt un aL crh..il+drnernbN, penrr( prindcrt. Drci cslealral, rip.stcnd.! elcarclc ascu'

],rc, p!t.r ir. IJ+reh do la]nRnduadi rstc$ unui rin$r pui, crrc c!li.tort!u ?rjnjutrgli te sl'atelc

D@Mlrin.! .i rnl l 1,6 nr mida

Rirpindifti inin iasud, t SihitiD.'xoini lr iinilici dr)t;.r,prs

lli.nnu .dClL 5+5lJ q.:.orda 54,5.

ntupntrdlEi: dtn ssdr I M|rrldui jn

D.nunirti riiiniifLcli lcnatrnrc

*a@i lriirim€h: corpL,l 75 30.'hi cdidi

n5.InnJircr enrml n cnul |'iDLDontrhir.! Stin' 1ifi l! rvidir

uartttele. tenrecil.cnrtcanu. arlclt.solenodonii gi lemuriiCa ilclc. tentecii, chjlcanii Sl aricii se hflnesc aprcapcer,- l . r . r .u:nrc. tc r i i . n i r i i ,n i r r :a le ca . .er . - . n i r l zr, u.Li r. p;... .D.eni. M-lre o... rcc'Lc mr.nifcrc nu Lor-l L.n;. i I ' i .1.p. . tn

"pul-" r , , jungd i , Jc. . i le 'n.nre<ee5t.qc

irscctole. Ei pot avea $i dinf Ei ghc.rrc ascu$tc. Vazul lor esleslab. dar mirosul cste excelent, Lemr,mi zhuritori ti solcnodoniinn sunt nnrditi, dar slmt nistc rnalllifete treobl$1ulte. LemurLLzbN,itori lor plana intrc copaci. folosindu-se de l:rlelea lorifiinsl SoLenodorii au o rnlucituri vcninoasa - lucru foiute

rnr La fiadrifere.

@@Mlrnn.i ..ta: ll.j.ltrm, r0rdl

Ariciul vest-europeanArrci!l sdln h ridri+nu lulliurior

Linp c. ralti, sc.rte rLtt. nLoi

lroliiirra fl dc porc Dici cs(cxLacrt ficnn sc ghennie!tc. !$lililiir h,]nrr luj l.Uiasi d{sruuj{rzannim,rLllj dctfadi iD clinatLrlr.cc, .l libcmcnzi IE tiDpnl L.nm.

Cirtitau Afa aur le

D!Rutr''.rr1ii'!n.i: t*..trr

Tenrecul dungat (chit-canul de MadagasrarlT.nrecnl dlrgnl cslc ncoFrn.r tcjtrtmlecrori. FeDehlmduc.l fini lrll Nr Dr.i se simte ain.trrn1nti, cri i i adrt lqr i r dc | . spat. , .e i r !0rribr: ripid A.dii !ib,atie u l|odnoc un suct onrc !a rreiiun tuLi d.

Certila europeaniAc.{ n,ic nianifd ii lcrccc tr!tur

lEi Erga iDlli $bpidinL, Jnpii Lr El. cn a nrorul ficio clor dnr14i, lalc, ca Dirte l.pefi Y.ddr. n*sre sLabii, d{ m* !u ruz loe1! brn.Snnt drurnnl slre N&l€1. tr rrcr-

r llc.arc-i it:iDandi ]rin rictdlarca ! l:'i qi Io' dir Fmint sfl€tur.

n,ln]nh i,lu[d g:]nd,tcl. IrlicL

toladc. LiDlcii filierR. Cillcsc dcrulali" sc aru.i dred nriuib. ln adiLrosl - dct, cstc onLbn,

iljc inloldcaunn exxcl uDd{ NsL{iimr.i NLmcri rn ttie c! pr€crzrc

MiiriDrLsi r{rft l{ l!$ curli

Lrdn irli fiirlificii ,{.mrcfl nr.r

@@i l . i0cr .0r l +.16. i .n;

Rlr0trdini Lumttr. i(tu r!.1DrrnnaR niin tiLi.r: ririp,

14

ltuire: aon(i l3-4: c$: c61c]

Do0r di tiiintrfiri clrd.ridl.

Chilcamrl obignuitde copacAt.st snli$l rscrn5niltor c{ !*eri!astd nn exftldr cniiLitor U k&ctrcinrnd ohiiNil sni€u snu cu Fcrc.d)calLd iisL h';nc$e cu furnici, ! i-r jcd, s+nrDF. tx'gui riprcbalilI nni Finfitiioriccr. Arc cribuLi! liorbuilc (opacilor sru tinlrcriddtir . Acolofcn.h dA ndtlGre la

I Fnli lr 3 pui.

Chilcanul-elefant cuurec scune

!i p:isirele ctr mu$.[!Lmlu lcninodn V.nnnd

S: -= cslc t8r'lu! rlo- g l rJ! intr , r i r

Lemunrl zbrri.torL€mn'd zbu.lLof locuiesrc inpaLdti Sc lu.i numell. tcohga. Arc tildud lle ticlicnrc sc i.tDd dc Ld gir l!

\-iliiil coz'i, Siiri ir acf

llJ dc nrctri. lsl€ u citlldroracll. dar La sol NLe rlmrpt

F

Chilcanul cu platopiChifcdulcu Flaiosi a,€ o+olorni v4rtcbftli in.ftdibil dcl!rc Sc spun. ci €st ca|[bil siisuponc gtuu(rtca uui om ndult,$rr x n 2oroDtr [I(src iIpi|u., unde se hf.if.ltc crh!Ncl+ ti dltE nnitrrlc rli+r

Chilamij..lcfant riau cif itatnuncLc d+ l{ cxcroldirdNl ior Ms,cn astcci dD trompi. Ei n€,8 petoalc cciclatu lrbc, dar dluncicind vofsi sc dcpl+sczc rupid, cisar N pi.ioafcic din sp.tc, ca ni!lccangLui D irlLnali, B fir+sc i!cinp des.hn Sc hi:incs in liDpulzilci ctr Grsite, s.frintc $i tructc,

'lar se aditosrcsc in vizuinidc

SolenodonulcubanezSolorodonul soDde,i sohl F-dmr, in .iurarca lrrturc! aum!i il imccrc, c'upcriii!i ridicirriElpoal. si urce iiii coprci,pcnh! a aJrngc ld ft'cie $i Du-guri Osorri lopaflc, biorslc

r$irin,!, .oDL;t 9,J.11,J.

Ma.nfta&! 'lllarirtds

R!r|l[dk.r A:i, do Strr].leDrmirlr $iinlift i fi 4,rLd

Nliri,nm .0I]r!, t!-15 on

td{pdndn.r: Arri.s ccnrrriD€nnnift r t(ii !ifi {[: SrklsrEr

Li 11liecT i l icci i sunt sineurcle m,rmifcre Tb r5torrc. Fi !cLpropulscrzi prir l iey (u djulorul unor rr ipi nne depiele, fAcend virajc J)r[$tc $i rlsuciri spectaculoasc inplin zbor. Cci rnai hulfi lilieci i$i petrcc ziua dorminda8n{aI cu capul in jos,la adipost dc *nim{l€le depindi. Norptea, ei sunt gata $i sr l{n$eze in zbor,pe tru a irrcepe vAnitoarca. Unji lilieci isi gi$esc lrranarlavigend in intuleric cu ajuforul ecolocatiei, Ei scotsunete dscutite rarc sc intorc. adici se feflecti deobiectelc apropiatc Si $unt prinse de urechilel j l iarului, Li l i |ci i folnscrc ccouri le Jreniru a-l ilocaliza prada $i a cvit:r obsfacolele,

LiliacuL cu nas ascutitLiliadrl cu ms $qu!ir ,!iiillrcilinscclc ii fruclc, dlr p.cfcli cuneaijo r0ilox r pisirilof $ir liLierilofDici Lr rindnl lui, lilhcnl cu irsaccqrt cslc frnda lilia.nlLr

.rc, esc+nli 'lc ticlc

'i tb'|'i

dc vArldc hnc{. U.i{* noluddiD a+cali 1il!.+isc idliposlesc nlclidl|i ti |ttldi. Lx lisarcr iqrii,slolurile ics spc locu lc dchdnirc. Icmcla dit nxiLcrc mni

Irartr.J: cbrrrur rr,5 r4nh: ciidailirii rDYirsuB nripll+' 40.60 o)nispindn.r zoDr t.l}.rli dr i.id!l

D.aunnci iliinliff cli Ma.f .ldrr!

Falsul vampir uriaqFalsullDpif urh! csr xnrldiDLrcc.L Mi Inii ritlccj. sc hdnc$. inslieci!l +!,nsuc1c ti liidtrjnj, d{fvnncaTi !i rc2ilbxrc, bLorlrc, lre$iii crraisi rllililio.i Locdetle

'n.Ne,iq, in {rrlud dc I J0,ncilizi. Snrc dcoscbn! f.adcvlirali *xrp'rj, fahii vdnFnjnn sc lir!.cse.! sengc.

Liliacul-fantomaLilhcnl lintoD,i, unlldjn fL -

in !iDr|nr, ii-r cddilxt nufclcCc li culoai.i pxlidi a pidiihLi

lizlrriir Dorltc. El ?ltorri &asu-|]n nre, voftr-tl! dc lc(nrri, dc h!:ldud li 4cqrn, hrintudtr s 6u loerccr. piisii.i, rptrlegcko ii &llr lLhciZN4 cl locui+ib h p{Skf,i, lsurj dinpcrclii sliD.ori j vcchi gderii dcminii dm olrnenii il dcmnjcaziltoarl. nFr Acu cslc loi c Lu,lrcntu ci $no i, pdD cxd*ele lordcpiakii, i du d;stRr5.nltuilc

D&wNIir'hdir.iD 6 5 - N.,j im: nn rrcordii i,rer!m{r }3,10utrRrlFrdir!!:

'rrn radirritri ir

My,nft i lrn I Chiki, lti Mitrl).drnno rrlialilici: -ltr.,/.ndi

\ s:ngurTJui, o dati sau de

yiri:n.r 6lld ri-l] co, co.Ldr2,5 cnir,nrlrlrr ripilor,1,1.,l? dnRlq)indircl Amicr Ccar:li !i

Dcn!n'nu $iin!ifi ci: rrrldid,m

Liliacul uriasmiincEtor de.tructea.Lrnrindi tEiDi ilin 1(6€ I'LLc_d Ldj lc rrc i iliAqlf +ri+i ni,tftof detuctc Znra, lceili lilicciso edunItrroDa.i- ir stolur d+mi de exctupl tr. Noilter r!

'cu zblrul .i

hddLru.Ic 7.$oasc, sru trcrlsralle. Copa.ii.u frudir se Por lnmulliLLi10L Lt,L larlhrtrd cii oolen{l lsrl,d1d u;Lcr lili*i!or, c!rc,i"L,tri Ju la . aldrc 11 al$s;ainlcLc d. inLcte siiuiprtc dc ci$,: 1llll+1! lccxl. vof ro'11 $i lordc! ia]{i ftori cu iiucrr'

Liliacul mincdtor defructe cu nas tubulai\iLih in fonni dc suL rLc a.Flni liLlacsi ind de o Finc 5id! alta r cLrpuluicti niJrc 1.!i ],Llbobil.d clc ilrjuli lctjLirc sd drl+ctc7c fnr.rclc ciizutc, tfn

Iqu otc. sjrochimh, sru chi.fro.Ld+ ;os pqin dczlol1atc. IolosindLr-$i,jjndi xsn$id, Iiliacul mcstsii lruclul

p{r I r ' Dx rr l-s! s uc ul Prdti

Liliacul-potcoaviLiLiircul 'l]orcoa!.i sc Lrrrncit.ciLlibutr, tl.rlind PenttrL a_l X'Adc Ld sdl cu o PFcizic iifiausnr Stau dlhalini pcitc,i-

.opacitL dc lttt 1li+lc

clidirilc sunt dclholit+,

ffitnu;.+F

LilirlclrJ coqrun cuurccff IunglI r , . . hr lc a.rnur l - i t r rc sur h tcLd. 1nn8i cu Lltpul ti corlul, conblnalc. Lrliacnl foloso$1ii rce$lc urc.r'

scNibilc lcnr'n a dctecln $lEllrc

ti sitciiiLc inscctclor,;u earc sehrinl.Slc, .r i Pctrtru n'tr Sisi dr -duL, fLnr ccolo ric Lilirc cuurecl lnrr gi hibclieaz6 ln hnPrrLicfiiinrptllcri Vam! $e 4dun: in

cototriid+ 50 100de Plde,nrcE-di i i t i |npaci . h l ln ' du sc

Doat!c!, mir a cs rnoLtr

Lnilc{l roinu (! Dr..hi lDdgi

lu:irims uI]! l-LJ cni coklr !.t

15 tm:r,'sFdiiipLl+t l0-zs cm

RqrinJin, As;i tL strd Es r0'u

D.n dr$ ttiiniiicl: ,!:!.jin.ft

@@@ Jnr l ' , * - . .d ' i * t l t t ' r ' 'dr I2.5r.m: in - l lurr r tF! t r ) r r ! i Itri:liiddi' {r [o{P] A$r.i.rdnL

D.aumn.r stiinlifi cr ltrtrdlo,lids

Mlri'nln rorl!14'5 oI .or dr i

{ S eFirircrsdtrritilor!3-13 m

[.iiplndirei nonl lnrDpei

$cnxmiitr tliinliltui Ir...tr

-g (.!

Liliecii-vampir depe$reraLiliaDulcohu loau,$e n, |cir{i.asilsl'lc rrlrn, in inmrdq ir Nolonlr dc Fie h I 000 d. cxcm!b$,dlric obic,]i dc 100 Eslc nn liLiactmrL PI€atrt lcsc mai al.s in Doptihrosrrl iDnDe.oasc, Jiiri tutri.

Cortul lili,crl'iynmpir comnn arc ol$gune d. t rrn rio xrv.rluii de l8.h \r se c+idl, ni$ulestd dan, iduridhilD lsorif€ A.rrnai I0lini Jinildccii ceL rMi F ulti Lilje.i, dc.{ec* nrtrbui. riJr lneslacc sEusi sr sfijric

tropic. e rle Americii Ceruale 5i cle Sud. \arpirulco.tun- ,crr4odrr rotundu,. atcc: tnimale CAfe dorm,oe oDrcer !l lc sau (a- - uncori . it iar oarnenr. Celelalrcdou; spccli de ;:mp,ri- Diutlemus )owgt i Dip4.tla.akcdd14..se hrancsccu singelc prsdrilor urari. clrnaI I l galnrle, Van.ptrui co -t ,n se hr!ne) c d:n S,ingelcyictimei tinp de aproximativ 3ll de minutc. Mctinri

Liliecii-vampiringurele mamifbrc care se hrdnesc exclusiv cusAnge sunt vamplrji, lilieci care tlaiesc in tirile

nu prerde o.canlitate de sAnge care si-i punivrara rh perlcot. dar -n!$cinua r.arnpiruluipoale .5 fispandcasca bolr ;i si produciIn le. l . l1 l lnpul u lu i an, o colorr ie ur100 de l i ' ieci bear un lolLun de satAeechjvalcnt cu tot sangcle a 25 de vaiisau a 14.000 de giini.

Puii de vampirL.nB+tce, |Uii de ernptr n1ncaJlltofLlli, dd se lin denrarna lor cu Ejuloi!! gneaElor tialnLililordc l!de, chiaL ri.ird nanrzb+!d ltrili!|, dniNllilicc s+ hrinc'r(+do{ or hlrle Dupii aproxindi! lrci sirp.

{ _,= HrinireaUr lamtr va lte.zr Lr

dcpliscaz,! sfE er !.

murbl.. Ud strzof d.

nosuhi jl ajrtll sii {cscoFrczrna de I)+liclc in,ial+ lii8clccncu[ nor atmitt d€ sup'?ld1i.LiliacLrl iii murct ricdma cu dirr!lni ascu!ili.i lani ii rc lbl.ceilede linbilpcnI'll a Lingc sangelecarc cu$c ditr Eni saLiMliljacu|u i nn !iedicli slnsolo sa se

FaLqii lilicci-vampiriAcetli liLicci s-nu spccialL"nt inhliriLer cu rlri hlirci, mal iiLc UDlinpit ials sc !1 r;tuiti !a \.ictimi

i o vr miirci. i' trccur, oancniicafs lederu $ Iilirc fli+aDd d+csLlLrc cRdcau, grctit, +d cl schrinesc cu slhgc, p,rsnpuniind cis$tt !brtjri Zoologiigiu rdh oilccst lucru nn c lrdcfi,at ti dedccca i-iu dciu' it ,,fsc!do-

'*!a

nt

Primateleamenii, maimufelc mici, maimuteleartropdide, Iori, maki $i IcmurieDii

: |prrt in cu tol i i r lnui grup dr aprorimariv 200 dc{peri i- p.r irnarcle. lcesr{ nrrmi[cre au crcjerc relal i l .In$ri. crrr lo lac intcl ig. rr 5i capnbitc r i in\ r!c rrp;dtuelUri nni. Multe prjrnatc su dcgetc opozebilc. tarc !nlsr plr lcze !c5tc celclrt l( degcle. pr rrniL:ind prindercRlrrthi, j | lucr uri lor. Unelc a i i d<gctt ' opozsbilc la pi. ioa.

f l l . o'",I f1,.: Cetc mai nruttc primarc rr j iest in copaci

$r JU 'rchii indreptari in:t int+. pcniru a purex sj apre_

crezc c0rcct distrntcl€ dintrc arengi.

Lemurienii, aye-aye, maki,copiii tufi qurilor, lori,marmosetele qi tamariniiLLnrr|r jcni i . aye-cJe..,Lopr. i . f i1uri lor. . , lor, rr rnr^r icJJqc* rn urcle rcg urr j a 'eAtr ic j ts i ins dt l Ar icr .A,c) .Jntt l )Jte JU (ac.-r rn; i mi. drcrr matn .cle rni , t ) j ccl . jantropoide, iar schclcteLo lor sca l;ni ru cele aler r r im: 'c 'ornt ic cafc lo, .e5. l , t (oorct . i {c | ] - inc.odre L -.Dl lco I d ln ! .uc Frobobi l au i . cvalual p. . t . .e lc f - in)r-e.lvrdr l r0( \ 'c te uf | S ,d l r tn-- J ln. _ngl( lc snd-o-ret jdane'un' . rn,re ,L le rrai : r i .o.r .c pnrnr.e ! j ddc.cd . _ o o.rna

Marmosetul pigmenFi,dd nm dii cclc,n;j ;ci|, nnarc, cslc id$ea rLrclt dcpisirnc nrli, xsfd n1ifl nEcarcisij s Fii dcFrc d. lcdoi,iitc.id. tjqncol S( deplhcazi fic insDltlrj nici, fic grin,lu-s+ ibarhitrccr, ucoii sri d Dnilr riLryjncn'rc.l, ca sit Dr llc ftpfar

Lori subtirelDcscrcl. opozlLbirc dc ta torLr+rabclc iil*mjr si sc lini ijinc dcfrintr., nl lnDp cc sc d+ttasuznjrccr ircr gfiJii pfln co|aci, Dctrc io!rc lc lu l lLDsi t r srbr i l i s .nrcsrc cu

'nlcc1cj iofnlc! Fisrlfi$r oni, tirniiindu.sc p;nn liu]eip'ndr, !..arc o inh{lli c! ftiirl .

I ] i r i f , . i . !qnt r+ ln, t r r crrda

Riiipindirc!. am!, fl de srdc0!!r i |D'0r3r i f tunf ihr iD.trunrn.{ rrjirIlici: c.itf Jt

colofati $i,,coafuri" ncobitnlt j!e.

l&rcrd

lemurul cucoada inelatd

t Lcn'rru ,D rurdj ,dr ar i src.,,jfi p( ceL hri arlk rrcnsi,th .nti r ot cd .i !c jncdzur"!.i

l ln so$clr d iurr l f f i , , d,L| i o nir t lcI r:icoroai l:l iri tr,arrn.az.t le|lo-

Lr cr $crchi mircsnurc nte Lrnorgrxnoc. ln s+zotruI dc ijnpctuc|cc,

dor narul j , lv i l i sc !oLhrplr , , i imLr$sun",p n cozih tuare or sLb-slaDta dirosaor,., !c carc lc vor

IYllrrDLsr: rorPut t3 26cir ididr

Rrlriindn4{ sk(,1 Ind ri sLDcnu'nrr+r triinrjfiii /rrir

Nnrinn co:]rlI45$ rurdr

D!'urnifti tiihlifi rI Icnu

Leul tamarinaurlu

Copilul detufiquri

bnsc, orllorilndo-lq ru o

Maki-ul de vestOoltiuriNi Bi rndki ulufac din cl un 'enftor d.rorplc rrdulabrl- d& glo

niroa in orbilc if cr)fr

F0$+(i+ meki-ul \i Foate

lilFc, cn ca€ dctcclrnza

Aye-Aye

djn colxciilikdni, Esle rD rD'itu r!rL, cec sE Je h o (r$a!ila aLl(. in ctulE de iN*le, SoPirluii!a,ta te mre l+ D nilncii

Tamarinul imperialTaa,sinul impc.ill cstc ltof de..cu}.scut, ddloid fluslilLi sdld

lrkor(jie. i{iri grullii l)or { liznlcstuindaglLpnr copao, li ceulaL€dc ins.ctc, iftl€, &un4j ftrg+d'r richj$ florj rlc rsen€mr, vorunn!curgcnlc dc sai din rii.lilc giuat:iLe collojlor p{nliu r tim oui din

nu|Oiil .i. fnM lrinitordenoifE, ochiirccsLui anmd sc

l'dt iliDti Nuph F*z! in lumir'3sLabi ! Lurii sau a stcLclor

Mlrifrci: !0.rfr 3,i r6 on;

Rlstrnd'.tri ^!ix

d. snd'En;

Dsirri4! lriinlifiri ftx!'r

lr

l i lsl,bdiftr rctrl Brirl!, Pda,

l!.nDirea rtii!{n.ii,5i{!i,rr

s{olle inscc|clc. Tndiialocali sfuDe ci drci rczr accstanirnrl stilDiu. vei aler $iliorlDin ncfcdc;rc, Fdeser esre ncis.

)Iiriner: cD+fl:7 4r oni sorLrr

ncnumirc{ !1iinl jfi .!: rniraur

NIrri ! rYru rq-:l cnri t+i& 16 14 cE tRsoi f t tnr . . r j e tu sHrl lc Iu{iuuD{rtrir rrr: I. r .r,r. dtrtrfn.drr l'

.tt

Maimu{ele din LumeaVecheln Asra ti Alrica existi carn E0 de spccii dcmarrnule n cl. Acestc rnainrule sunl CuDoScute sub numele do tnailDulclc Lumii VechiElc au nirilo indrcptate injos. pe fcsc aupeticc dc pjele gfoasE. carc le permil si stea in fuud ji-rraproblcme atuhci cand donn. EIe sunl ftlli mrrri deceln)limulelc drn Lufica Nouii, adisi din ccle couA Arnefrci_S!r'c deolcbjre ic acestee alin umd, elc nu 4u' ju., I . i l r" : I e rcu (. I c s:, sc rcrrc). C.lc ,n.r iolulic dinhc nraimutelc Luftii Vechi srrlt actiYcin MrBll zilci $j dourl noaptea. Sirntt|rile lizuluj-auzull]] li mi,'o$u[Li sunt excc]entc

MandrilulMr dr l Dl loc( i rar .Ltpxdtr , ,f 'L pui tc l i L! jh ' rd.rr d i tonLanarr[L raFU i iobnj i ]o.rlhailri. O ieorclti dc rrurjrlila rtr$.re fnd snrgurpui, FL+3ro ltoarrii c, ic tu sp,r.,]rc rgiar dc hrLrl! ei AdutrjLsrnl cdi'lli !i ag.csivj ri rrdi

Maimu{a Dianaicetrsri irijn!1, h c ori ulu:rtrf.rltc o +8Lc uixi dil;r .fLill 1r:lltiiccc :ni_ro:: Lri.r nputtri irr i . t i : : ic r l t r . i : { r d j0 lM!t i , l t iar l .,xg.qrr ! du lnba ]a ] l t d. . icnr ler . .c+ioIsc uL iil! D,: mnscui i] |t*r5e l i r r tc n: rp. i i lNu ]) l r |xu, d i !r i r i r . i I i r \eDr ! +( : i i i |u. .

Macecul japr'rrezPidu.il+ nonirn. din Iap.nu.qiinfuicsc nu.acii li iylj rr+. i r (L\ L r f i :m t . rc

fi!,b nf l!r::nn,riL ll trch,

ruirim!tr: coAnil0 jt rn coidr

trrrrindiintrr 1cfu t Afi .ii

..lh -f f i@

Dlalniirux Jrihritirti: Ifrr i.r

Maimula Ssoasiiila\cuhLL xr€ nDnas lung. cim.s,cd. s. tugu s Lcazn lllunci $nd sc.alcgrolt;icul luiturcm.. Ffobabil cim m{i.neazi ca M dituzor amDlifiLrind scNralclc car+ avcrlizcxzicclclnltc maimute Ce]E r..l D. NemeD+r. +ilnd esle fuiqs sr( ii c tici,nsd r! idoilttD ti sc uDili. licDela

c lm nas DulI Drcirrc Fi e Dr3iIJulir TgoDoloNii. Mdntrla nisoAi

liliirfl. in lia i lc d+ tn|rngrotudhtunglii, undc sc catiti cu ogi"

,'bl r45i?ryY

\

deeetele lungi .le la cclc

Babuinul mdsliniu{if$n oriiondto dc lrln.i la 150 dcli$uin i LniNliDii srriib,t savah! a{ .{xDii, an+aid lrunrc, lisfti, wrnUc ridnciii, coaji dc c.Fci,

'rscrrc.0uii !i tolenc A.ctli babtini,.bNiriincMi t adLfcrc c.flm af fi fuii dc andlopii. Eiiii pc-1Nd ridE}irte a lihFului r;tndu.9rr.ciproc blana" indcti'UnC mnFdidile. Itdrzilii $j pi+lc.' n00rta,ltlrr{ r tlctfr bLana.ualiL 'l|iicsc1r }iNjprl h sol, darno&p1eq donnli..tr.isau pe niimj. Sc fuaiflrisFte iip*iuul\afCc

Itrinu!r d! mlrrtini \llFn

Maimula ro$ie cucolliAcq:sii D:imnti tfii€ll. in

exeFllare. (iropul conlLn+mri rultc

'nL.L lamiljj,

tntrhdt dintr uh hasc tin,:iriulre fenEle 0r pdilor Maimnla mrr€ cu cllti,

nlmhi iicoiobu$, fice s{htrdyicclacul.lse inr€ cr.ngj, iDciuurc dc i-nlclc, fimTe ii fl+rconrcsLibiLc. Un+orl. cimlEnzeiiorganizcrzi vnniiro,, n' gi1't ile

Maimula demlagtini AllenAde{sti !ufru1rl !!F L cunoscuhn:Lietre nr rpropicrd ri{rilor ii nrmlqqlni Dcii m:iDinci iLr uincipxlfrunzc ii lrucic, poatc i sA iii,€in d i. p+scuind +mbiticliiarl]etli La randul cicsle vannrn dc bi$nrn!ip+ntu +a ca ciiipenlrrdi Inri uncori rlin rccoll!'lcfcrmi+Lilof Fne o spdolc pN cltlc dc

Nti'iBcn: col'l 146 ?0 nr 0mi

Riirrgndi*rr rusLl qsd$r ! estul

Dcmnn.{ $inliricii Px,rr4r$

DEIttirimer: !oTul 40-50.i: toidl

R[stiDdi(r: a]ongo tl Zrnr:ilunirux rriinlirici: .4xd pirr{s

rhq,[ l i ' iD.r : .0T,t ] in l i r l n i :

rlitr|]idnrx:r(tuj .. nl ri

DdumiRr triin llfi(li: 1".r, durrr

?$

Maimutele din Lumea Noudl\'ldimufele cate |Ilicsc ifl jungtcLe llLxuriante din,AmcricaContrali $i de Sud sunt cunoscute ca malmuleleLumii Noi. Cozilc lor hmgi lc ajuli si,:ti pdstreze .colrilitful deasupm solului. Multe di clc - cun ar fi ircrpuc-nul. mairrut: .,,Ur.r* ..r"rrrr '"rf. f l i- i ... '" t - , iu"c cn<le ig i t io!r(r , o j ,are1ep.rL in l i , . . - ,d" ";gi, i"i;J.;,;-i" ;; ;;;;;;#;J;,rffi;;;"\,rdegete lungi, picioare putcmice carc lrind bine Si sunr I

Maimuta-pd.ianielr linoasi]A ccasri miiDug Sc ilclldsrdi

p.D piLdu$i roFicili ibto-sndu{e dc rncnbLele luntj5i dc coada prchssili -

Nhin 'ri I,1tunjrn ljitrorsl

cxcrl lg alcrgitoare ii sdritoare. Sprc deosebirc derudeLe 1or din Lufioa Vcche, nfuiLc 1or lalgi sunr

deschise ir latelal $i nu au peLicclc de pieletare dc pe fese.

Maimutaulaloare ro$te

Mailnula !rl{tod+.: roric riicrlc in iLDeli,

nr rntfnii dc tih; la

Ilncor. ro! rn{sotrliid Ig,!f sc adLrn:i in zor iiih..! sii !dc, fiind aui!dr k 3 kr Url+rcLc LcsPUn aror rn;ltmul| srr sclrnii dcFdc dc lc.iloiullor Marculul arc un Cit

a'ntliticE slrigiild.

Capucinul cu lrunte albdAccsnil rraiDuli i'r+tigcnlri culcg+It,lrrc lu..uilc inliilnitc. jD spcranlncri nDt dc $ncrt, S+ llidcttc c!lEs1a.i, fixcr0. irr+crc" pri fi oui drpasln ltr licaci niijnilc rIi{roardc r flirE si l+ fohrcrrcpdln r inareR ccnlonnl cu nifosullui,

'i finp cc sc dctln(xzirF r

Saki-uJ cilLrg6r

R!rpiindifta: ,^ ftloa dc Srd,bazlof l ;rDft D.il AnizonahLilr.trtrhire lti inli l i. i: rltrL.i.

saki-ul cihsir rrc liir lus $iburLilinjuxl lctc' ri !! gA, cn ri ooadA groRsi, stujoi!E Acc.srrl

'na!n(l! sfiorsi !i !iudcnti

b ira'+ c nr cofaci ii n{ sc

& TT:'i":"i".:fl;l$:l:#:

TrTsrriri"$rt*djmriro I'.d& sd irrci sittud

!r.tc i'xrc crcngi AccsrDma'nu(o ili lclrc4 lnnNl nrptrc0hi se' in 8$rrrrinici

J{}

F!tr | ru r l f td t l ! n. . rL t r r iJ all] NtrDrirul lof scrde 1di

'na i Dllq ne.amcc ciinriNL

ro+.nnxrar csre dislrus iotSp ioi ' , i15' ru t .

' . , ,t\A 9lli",li:l;illf x1,J'"

rlliiinm .o lilr 6t !4 roxdr

It[ilji 'n|ir.x: nLd qtur B':rrr:

R;rsDnDdi'.! An ici d. sudD.n!,nr(r r liinlili. ii: ri.(dr

Nlnrnn. i : .ory 101l f l i rx lL l

Rispntrdir,: AmcL ri c. su::lr&i Lflpdor i iliEunolLiDcFU irdiriirrLifiri:C.tH

(rlt lOfll l Sl malmutele marlGodlele, cinrpanzcir fi urangutanii slninurnlte maimulernari. lllc sunt ceLc nai apropiatc rudc aLc omului oarcinci exisii. Dupi oarncni, sunt cclc mai inleligente dintrepr-ml.,: ;i p.,r chiar "i fiL dnhLniL. !r' I,rlusc.*ia uxlimbaj simplu al semneLor, Cibonil sunt maiarule carel . ; esc co!a\r d in . -o,r AN e S n. -a nr ' r aec1.niirnutclc mari. Sc mai nurncsc ;i maimutr,-rntropoidc mici. Maimu.tclc aDtropoide tlaicsc inqr, . l ' , r ' L l t r i l i r rLe Dpobc( i . qcdcahc._74J. _or_c

c,:lo pailu lDcmbre, folosindu-se de incheieturile,,miinilor", nu dc paln1c, dar pot si mcarga $i vcrtical,sprijlniDdu-sc pe picioarclc din spate.

Lalu ILml f;L.c park di,1 finiLil

liboDilor Trliicrh nr colecij LJ cori.rtloJ:i rr- pin nl.ir ljmF cc s0 rlcphl|.rziprn,.oprci J xlc gi pccr.trgr, tfrbrLc si s.

inlnla Tl.iicsL!

CiuttriT.rL'l'ndnirci n1 tfi,,cifxLflantc, drf ocazional c.r nt +inscctc $ cai + Irlcc nnrh zgomol,gc!1iclhrz:i rr !rc cxFcsii t3.ialc

^ i'1!ilFt si ioloscdsci o}icctc ca

Ndtc d,i zi cu zi Dc cx+mpltr.p ic l .c lc sul fo lnsi tc p.nlru.dcs+hidc nu.rlc. g[ctrlolorcc ri+

Cimpanzeul

. . . I uDr p,rnrn, sr n 3c,cr rn i r jbciclc ponnL rscunna in h$nnlt)ntrczil !i a fo.tc funricilo !ii

UrangutanulEslc ru maj Darc pimalii dlFliso li. lii +onsLtriailc in colx(idrcpl crib o plrlfonnii lnr bc1r,nr +ar! doairJr., drr crrLr poau llah. in ficcarc roaprc. li-circhurttnguLLIn di: Llitlor4 !nLi si,lgurpui, oua sc linc rsitdt d+ blanroi ni dnr c. cr so c.riri iLr

GorilaCorilclc itr pclrcc c.l niri Nrhtirrl ln !.1 S+ hr:1D.sc cu fru1zc.i'r-qtrfi, tnh,"i, bobilc, .orji dccottrci ii fi'igi Tfiictc n:erLrpuri d+ panli lo l0 dc

@nl l ' imo i l jh

' r , idnn i i

r p c dir l ,? l , l i i :cmCi i , rRilrniodn{r ir l i lqr Ariei:

Deruni' rx rtiinllfi d: r,.'aD

nninalc, formrrc (1tu1r.un.(LrllnalLu domindl, ii(i!a hnsdtrli

I in{ r ic i tc\r tomcLc cn pdilo' Prii dc g.rili cirliit.r.rc

Iic sp{tclx !uholof iof

\rirnn.tr:corirfl 6'1.91oD. I Fnnb t t r ior , . : L l . l . i m:cord1: ruraRi\olindii.r: rcntrL. c!nrd ri!!nlIfri(iD.nuriN rr inliricl P,, rqlo,ttft

p;l\{Irin.( !o,DL:l 1? jE loii odint

Ris ldiai: Ari{r sul lJrlDrnrmhar rli,trlililli: Ihl.bdfti /ar

Gorili

Carnivorelecest $u! dc mar11iferc nrencitoare de camc incLudocjrr i . u"i . oror 'r nlusrLhoele. morrgr,r ele, r ivcrele,

licncle $i felinclc. Cele mai multe carnilole au foarte bincdczvolLalq simtul vizului, auzuLlLi $i cel al mirosuiui,ftstj:eL incat pot si-fi grisenscii prada iLrainlc de a odrjtccta. Corpurilc lor agilc lc penrit si-$i prindi pr"daI: i a che]tui nrtlti encrgie. Dar Llcosebired nll|jorl intrccahrivorc si alte dramifere estc ci ele alL dinii speci.llizati,care pot sA dcsprinde camca de oasc, afa flml foarlecelehre hertie. U ele oarnivore $i au adallat rcginNldLimenh( consumifld !i lructe, rid6ciDi ti insectc.

CAiniiToli ciinii do estjoi sunt descendcn{ji lupilor. Lupii fi alljciini silbatici au pjcioarc lungj ledtN nrmi{irea lrizii tidinti a$cu1i1i penlru omorirca ei, CeL mai inportalt orgarscnzorial al unui caine estc nasul, pe carc I folose$tc pcntrurnrrosirea prizii, gasirea percchii, idenlificirca altoranrralc. Pnn miro$, e] poate spune +i daci alte anjmaie) .r ,11 inhrcoi.LLe "-L Ini t t i te C;i t ' i t s j i l l -Jr i( i r j i lcrT: ianithaLe dc la inidfiea u]1ui $oarece 1a cca a unt|i clan. Unjicaini siibalici, cum af 1l lulpilc. triiesc solitru, in 11ftp ccalfii 0a luFii $i ciinii silbatici africani, tr;.icsc, cillroreso $ir.ineazi in grupuri familiale. nunirc lraite. Mcmbrii traiteiiSj impafl hrana +i se aptud unii pe nllji.

Cdinele sdlbatic; afiicau

Ciitrii lilbxli{i \,Arqrz[ithlr.unri nr haitii ]lrirtr rtlci o

: lurmli. izol+az.li uII tnih.l dctuDr circ fuge t il otns3 . IrerrcNufi, rutL€rerou toati savano

. aticani, du dir cauz;lci dutos' nnFulcatr in mmi marcd+ f.ullci ictrc se 1ein.n! cii

lc \a, akci virelc, rc{n sc.:- gascsc doutu ciiclr locu.l

Lllpur cu coanta|{fnr cr +onnli seo'nll'i! cu nnpmr.trc,lar dre iirc'oatu mri hurgltilr0r nrjl rg C.ualud siiignrrrici,hpul.n.oartli Lrijejre tu zon(ihlarc $ vincazi lral alcs rorptsa.Sc hri!.ilE .x rorliloire rmr.!isiri, 'ctilil+ ii broeilc

L arnere oe paouret.r frc(rarct.luiscurrc, ctr q$idrmrci, cu coryrl ihdcs ii hltr lari,ciihclc {ic P;dre scadinii mirnxl( LU un urs mlc dcuAI.uurcinr El n i ic ! (c i i r l inunrr i lc .uidL,nri ri pidtrri mrc.,..irit ifozat.are in lirilii lchece.m 1tuimr. Fanc n zilci sub pen$nl, nft oliz r1i F. caro s af Fnt a s-o fitu|.lt dc lo un dt aniD:I, com u ri

x"#

2tt

j[:t.imtr: crr l I.? m: cD]d:

Rlflirdnea: A n6nrr dc sDd

\Iirnnm: $|Prt 3a-l I d.irr.ordr

lllrtin ir!r: ^l:.x,

(! t,' sxdLlsrnrcj Pilni iiLri.[& strdDcnuD,j(t iiintifi.i: /.r.!o,pi.rr

sr l r i u: .oLtn 5r,J r j rnr . . i i r

RirFardn!': Amn d {tenrrti ti dr

Drtru'n'+! ttiilnf |i: tlrdrii,r

@@Nririnlx:.orPIL 41t.63 cfr

R:llpi ifttr:7.(.Lc rm..! x !Er trIe . rlri.l $

^mi .i dc l\rod

nLnunire4rii'tinct: /!+&

Iss.iri+drc au cubd la rol,cu lcmingi ti alre roz:i(oareflL{' s' ou.esluridc la rasa

.amunilj pc lbndll alb Ial zilczii si ghcrii, rsrlel

nc!!z' I de pradn La lotncrzapcTr, Draha dcvrtrc mro csu ce.uEjc ris. confundii cu

$$ ";;"i;;'!"1.;;;,+;_,,

i , i

Vuipe a polard.

d+ -50'C din tuDd.a in-

leneculFcrccuL estc cca nri Dici dintrc\rolpi- U,eclrilc lui D!f i, louidc Palli h l5 cD.Ir*hil clih.ri-,e. cildDii corpultri, iar lulpeol)oao srL se r.acoftas.n dli{f i nrd.sc u I lierbinlc 1r.a.c Lriie .Varcazi noaptc+ nici mz6!odc.piisiri, irscct. ii gotarlc ln

Lupul cenuqiuCalmd Dafs dnnrc rod cainilsilbalrci. IIIUI .ctu9iu v:incazin{milcrc coFiralc. duh fi hbrzonul, clanul ti boul moscrt.Hairclc ladrziinnrc 5 r 20 dcftcnplarc,.ondusc dc o.l ni

NlLnric tnascul, fio+dc lrairli

sLrllrford du r,tr I rl0nkm' Lupindi trrr, pcnuu aavcrtiTa allchailc st ic fcrcas.ii

Vulpea roqie\tulpc+rotic s i {d{lal la nultc$.dii d{-jt.: plidnri, cenpii.DLUI!i. dc!crrud, clirf si,)ratr\blpiLc rcii ifiies+ ri ylNazisingrrc. lnoet'tl. tbc :n!.recli dcl!ic($erea tuilor. Dc objcei,linclzntuci ro?:itQar+, jcpuri rid1cidnnnL€ niici, darpor manca t11iNte. tL! lq rlime $i pcita RIif indift r: arixd!, aoldul

Slit or lrtr Lc, csnLEuelt,AsiND.ntr,nncB ltiinitiri: atl,i

. ){ tM-'

TigriiigruL esrc cel mai n.iare fi llai pLltemic dinloatc l'elincle .saibaticc. La iroeputul sccolului

lndoneziei 5i Sibcriei.-l'igrii duo o vialii sinqrlrarici. scoiiiDd uletcputslnicc. penlrLt a.tine dcpattc alt i l igri dc.ct t tor_iLt l l611. pe . .1e s i . : . . r .c1.e. : . , : r - r l _,rcr_ l i s i) i l l r r ] i i t t : .cA r f r r r 'Cr r t t iJor c,rpi tc j ,Or. r r rCd/ ir , r i l rn i fcr j t - . t r i . dc u Lc; i r r , . l ) lut . . t t - jor 'oil ldtoresc pana la 211 tlc kilonten.i in ciluti lrcahtaner. Deoaruoc doar o vAndtoare clrrrzccc cste mlt$itE, ittunci cincl omoal-i utlanjmal, ei inghit ci it dc mrl]t i car rlc poL.Irr c; t r r l . r povl . r i ' . r Jn,pr< r j3- i i n-ra,"Lo. dc Lr.. trc.r j , - i rJrcor L ir t . t ! j u., . tct

?0, sc giseau surc de 1nii de l igri i l1 pidurj]o Asici.VAndtoarea qi distrugerca padurilor au avur ulclbct devaslator asultra nrtliru[d lor, rar astazr sea{li i in l iberhre 6.000 pdnd 1a 9 000 clc ugrr, cermar mull i in unele piirf i a1c Inrl ici, Chrrrcr.

,ti)'[ii,4,,i,i"

( . l i !?1i , , r i rn i . | . r r . . rn j rn i rn i rvr':ir! irr ilr.0!ic dc lnNtrt ir .i..i r i r r { lg i id i r zoi i t l j NrJ: . . cr ! rtu l i Slbcr!r . srDt Drrr udrt t , f r i r il$.hiJ i la rr l . t r , ( l .c i l .c i , l l r 70.dt c rr!}j.]lJ, (r$ r Tr SLrrxtft Lrlf t r r iL j j . r r . i t . ld iS,br i rllirlr. ril}ltri dc rllrN r,nrl rcr[: Jlrcrlr lr rlrsirri(i._ f.lusi! .. (iinsi ;+i i r . da, l rd ia I (h inr . , i {ct{rn SL0 r l r i : . l r , .u i . cnI u l i

Tipurilc tlc rigru

. . . , . ! [ ] . , : r Jr i r i , i , r l

VariitoarcaLu rxr ! , i rgr i i f !x l . \c l ,!r,rirDrx. a. biv.l, qiiriolc!f.r.: ::|sLr4lr ir lllr i:r,,jrri. tr1.Dijrr ijr lr.r rl(:sx rltid rlorl| . . i !1!rL. \ . r r : ( , n. i+NNr scbrzoui l p i ! :c l t r r . r i IcrjLn rra rrtnhr I ti fri +!:.'iincir D0!rlr i' lrlLrfruirlio llriLil $}r. d ri i.rlurlofr l r l lc i r tx.nir Iu: i r r ia tNncsrnLr rc r in i i r . i : . ! i . f . ,icrnn! t iLxl ,,rni s,:iciciri:. ryr:itc. sr rLped si sr arrrLui.sr l i r [ r$r t : ] [ i . fn i r

3i)

\\-v-

lLrLt l{'$rtr it l,ii:r:1.r trilqrn.J i :rilor lq nlrlf.L:) : ! r i r . . ; . i r r i . i r :nt / t r t r t i . r r i i i\ . r i :x l i . r l i ! ia r i i r i i \ .i.n .rr.i !L !tr,: ir:!r:L:.fi,\irn ii lrxri i.lf f.i! rAr ii irlnirli t , r L. i r . : , , : i r : , i r r i r r iO. i ,o i r l . r i+ t )cr , r i r : r ( i

A\'f i;,): : -

{

Ratonii, urqii qipanoaf*nr i l i r le ur lr tor 1L raloDilor ;ru eruLunt drnsrrdlno$i cu asFecr caniu, cu trlilioane de adi in ufini.Ur$ii sunt cele ftri mari anjmalc camivorc tereslre, dar eipot si m:inellcc aproape odcc, incl!$jv planle Si irlsecte.Ratonii - $i rudcle lor coati ti olingo sxnt caml,ore cucozi luugi, cd.rora le pLa0c si-$l petrcacd fiult timp incopaci, Existd doui ljluri difedle dc panda: panda uria$eite clasificat prinhc ur$i, iar panda ro$u printrc ratoti.Unii zoologi consideti c! panda .y trcbui cLasificati ca ofalrlilie scpamli.

Olingo

R;rtonul

smsibile Arc cjud{uL o|)iccidc i ri rfiila hrdr irrnr| rlc

,. d u {oRrnr. Blar r ghrd ilN de c,rd in linpul icn i.

$irin'c!: colPrl 4r 6+.m .Dsdr

lriiF di.cr: nldul ('rn!ru.srft e unirr ALn r.trceDrrliilJcnunrirci ttiinfindt rar}!, tr!,]

tructc, drf !r insc.tc, mici

Coatrcn iosul ltri lue, cosrinificiIodt. g,irlrilc ti c'A|ixinl. Llii)pi'natr! clutlind iDsectc, pii{Dj€rl

fi Dr.' aninrlc. O'rfn. dc ni li40 dc €onh li&azt Si rinir tiDoa|tce, onihniDdD sc jfi parkx certrtri cdld! r zilei Dnpinnljercchua, lerrclo su izolci2i rdi.alLurc l! doilAoi k |lFe fLri,lnu-0 !N$1c]ir s nrrL-ur cuib dintrrd

OlnlS{ l iie$rc,:cl uainult itr.oPacr, fbrosindu se d. cordx hi/ungl! pcrhL piskarcr .ofiilibruluiin trmirul srlhrriLor diDnq c{p{ci.'j riresc siLUtrLi5ru id!cEcfii, dnpol sji \t rliturc aloroling+, iIciLulirce lftlci Miramiimi atct

Mi:.imer:.oL!tr 43 6? qn. .id.

RisdDdn.n: \Ld..itu 5:rrlolU. r.,Andica (re roi:i g C. Sn€aDnrirci l1 ji '4ilid: ihu

"antr

Rdlonul erlc u brn nlcrgiil(i. iciliiriit.r, itli ncloie torr $j siiirorte Ccl mri d.liy eslc trorplcr.l'€ li ngi lilDiilaaE! h caru FrlDd.boaitc, pcth. t.arccl qi lisiri, tacqdcsq rLtidnri h pubcl+lc {l{ eumi- idctuc.auti hcnLri comcsiibil. cu

ajutonl degclclor hri lnrgi ii

ilPanda rogufand! Lot1, s€ninil Mi nut cu unroron d+caloLFnda lriai El doatsN nt llinpd z ci, ghenluitpc o.1ro1gii. cu o.hii acoFdrj Ltr co{da.si'! c( cdpnl ir |1cpt. Sc hr-lir.ircuol}tea, n' !flnciFdl flL lisrdri d+bmbus, d+i poat. si DlilniNe $jurbai,,idiciri, fi,,crc, gliirdi,

!oaro. i , f Is i r is ] od do f i \ i r i .

Rtrpiitrdisdr An)dici Cddi,li 1iDo{ leslr iAs}r.r ltl sLdD€nuninrj iiintifi.ir rJ sri.r,r

r!1rrin.!.oTtri ll.6t c)i colLir

nrsp:indirca LftLi\ d Nepnlir Iltmmr! rti+ishr {jl;i!iDcludir{. irijtrrin$;,.t dd

3l

rujnidir i{rrbin}z{1. ! alr r* sral x! o{Hitrlx L A( Dc

folosindr-sc dc li!nb! IoilLrgi Fdrlrr ljnFc mrcruadrn sup! albnrclor li rrmi-rclc din n Noaic Cu !h+a-reLc L{icub3lc, d p d(

Ursul bmnCuoscut fi i$ iunch lc ,.srizl{ ,Lusrl bruh frinidciin }im |olfruEe. ffl.lc, trucitiddicitrl, iaruricoD Dse{tc, rozaroaK iipeitiDc aroluea, parcri virc7e !'

mmittrc nad, cunr M ti

Ursul malaieziarrLlNl nEtricz ?I hrlclK{r ziuad+iiLnd 9Ltuoilz du sc La sorcElijicNli hrna noiFcn,

lnrcrcLc dc !t ftmurl ri j lr|,oe icaija mtadlor, lr.iti! a q!ns.

Rrr|Lrfiriru:1!r d. $d LqDltr!'trku !ii ' l ificli ftlid,L

,\. ^wq

; Nrirnnclr .o:r]rL r,2-L j I r.rdl

Ri\fiDdiruN: trtjLunLrr urroxQ

Dratrmnr! )riro!ifi ui: rirrrEl"r

Ursul cu ochelariAccllub fc munlc arc injuo.hilor clc cc culooru (lcichiiics'e Ec indnd pinii lo bor ditrdnr!n aspcct dc o.h.l$ist iri ricc

Panda uriaSPcntru. $pcljrtrd, rrndaunq h€lnic sA sc hiincasciLin 1i+car+ zi Lih! d+ I 5 l)r c,ro ' {mi d l0 tE dc bdnb$

La lobc (c uos rscminiilornnnr dogcl oFzabil, caisltc,,rilc sil prindi ltana. Dir)

nefc,i.irc- ,tr llbc'^lr.u trLiLii as doar atox'nnt1y

| 000 dc p dJ trirri

3,3

"@@

R:tprlndirci: rhroFr, ^si!.

D.xLnini t!i n!ilic!: L,irrr

A@aMliriftcr: *Ur r"5 r,tii.s(i7cnlirpindircd: ri,nhL Atui dft

D.trtrnir€n rrii4ifi ci: |i0,ci.1cr

lMustelroe. ctvete slmangusteToatc nccstc rndrdifere surll ciutivote mici sau medii-Cclc m.r nulLu 'n-- ' t r l ide, .r-e .nclud hennel inele,

@B

lbloscslc dc coaiia cr pDecrnLcapcnku ! inaintc in !ti- irfbl!i!

scurrS iL dcasi ii pastrcdTaticl+auscmi si c+ldE vidrir (iic e i,,h-o!iztrini jipa(il in nrl!l rA!l'ri.Ilare.fl viizul:i hua,.{ r+sc rodlt{ari lifi',di pc!1i, broarlc. toaccid.cAmp i altc aDinnlt ncurion.

\ ,r <nrr. v f lrclc, rco'1csir l poli faE ame_icdr, 11 !_corll suplu $i lung, picioarc scuftc ti coad.i .lungi.ExistE aproxinuljv 65 de specii de muslclidc carchiiesc in aproapc toati lumea, cu excepliaAustlaliei $i Madagascarului. Cclc cam 34dc spccii de civele sunt l'anitorl care locuicsc ]n copacr

, i s-nr ̂ c.r .c noalt . j - ! le r ' i . ie.c rr) .-dul F,r.ofc . inAtiica qi Asia. Cclo 3l de specji de manguste sunt vanitorrr..fr/r oLLrrrl L.r sol. f . i iesc inAlricar. Asi:r.

Vidm eurasiaticd

dcplascazh rslid sliil !curcal, ci! ri tu ali [! sc

Bursucul euasiaticFlmiliilc dc bmndLo+nicsc in!izrLini uris!c, carc ru cAturd inkiirl

t1l} inlfcrgii rlca dc tL'ncl. $lcR rcrc srblcmnc llrr$rcii sutrl nLgcrcr.l aci vr foagca, ietnLd dinlizu'nd la {pusulsoarclni IrDhlnci bln cart,Lif' dc riflc- ca

tidLr nntu:lc lnl..r.llin&. ilftrc

Hennehna

Polifagul Ia leflcan(Wolverine)

' r -* Asr ls hcrDLl i r ' r +Lc rxrinitor lgrl Onoar'r cu o

nu$citur i . nc Br ci ih.clln licrr ( Pf lnc Flc lc. i v ic i f rsrLnr rozilodclc tricNrn, dafponc onori si rhq mlmilcrc,ca ti!fu6r1, F$1i ii inscdc. inpxrr$ lonlicil a arcrlrlui c',Icr-

'n.lina \i pi.R1c bline imLinc-

cali La incclntuli.tuii, cl+s-cin{u'i uD! dc un nlb im{cdst.Nu rt dDinc dc cuL.?rc nrchi si:

AniDal f{l{ni+, binc +lidir,wolr.Line €n.$L-N dc pulcn!,rf entMnidnca Iui !i p.alc oino'idnnndlotui man dccn| +l liLpetrece cca rnd mic lane . liclii lasol, daf ]roalc si ufcc nr copacr,ln.i lecn 1l!.tclor I L a oui Ler do plsire I'uii sc nrsc p{llnivaLn, +isunlalititrli can douir lnni ti r;mnn crl,nrma lof tiitri ciird nnFln*c doiarL Aluri .d n gonoiil+, pcnlru

s@@Mil.imcr: corpul z:2:l !n:

Rilsni'ndn.{ rLodnr /\n!,

IrMunirF Irin,iifi{[:.ll !]"

@@illirimR col?LLl 65'3d .n: .oft i

RiisplinlLirrN: rj!+ri scand,nN r,

D.ntrmi.li rtiinlifi.I: c,ro gro

@MNftrnn.ri co,ral 1a Nl cnl

Ril:piiadiru: LUE]id .\sirD.nrnnli llii'{ific& Mrlfl &16

rn i eni ar .pr i ' r hr lu iu.

-14

Vidra de mareAc.ir tip dc lidri \e hrincalc cu

Civeta africanApalmatd

lcrccc o mdc fe|c.lrn

{o ci!i folok$e tieft!

|'*L[, ?a ii oand

d:!d I neoli

rtrlli in..piicl, &dc se.d hlciLin innliulzilci De obkei lllncuiinoallcd. Fnnriind N€.tc ti miciatriLnrl+ ca !opilrlE il pislrul. Deasemance, ni nci

'nnlr rip(ri

de Ulctc $i de ir.4 F.ncla diiirircru lx rloisnu trct pui, ir o .+

Mlidd.r: .nrprl 43 60m: cd4Lu

RilrpA!dirc! cmtrL'1,{fri.riD$usiEi !rrirfi n{ii; n'airrxi,,

Mangusta indianil\{angustD Dindncl.prorpeori+c dninal poatcldnde,Lndusi! {cryi. seorpio)i !i,n5..Ie Oamc i o iube{.p+nfi! ua r,D{dzi di itori,

zon. dnr afm! hnljiioruluiSuricataSmcatele suntun li! rlcLnmeu\lil Sustxmnelc$fld. r ftultc ltuniliipd si locuilrcii lnlrcunii. in

enllnlri c.ulii htui cum ril

'Nsctc,lopinlc. piiiri ii

Sconcsuldungat

thclc. Lrrclc su ({te sllr dclc$hc imp.hila pisirilordc lj fli, lli sdol $ strf.t60,ln, roDln r le:lcna

sunl ihED nttati. l-LuF

$ ii nitiehii.

SM

35

!ilrms .o.!ul].l,2 m,.oxdtr !5

Rtulitndi(r !Ir.: BcriiLB, .ia{]d1ni rin I a,rlririi cc \ordId:u'Djnr 4riltrljlici: Ir l.Ldi! Inr?

Mirinrx: rolptrt35 flLr c.!dr?j imxtcpitrdtcn: onntul A[$ni!, Asir !iinsr4i ii lLahitc.l+ ye*. jvi,, FrDD.nurnLn!!i i(lilicil: IJrrrE ftr

M@l\Iirimlr ..!r 25 iD.m .od

Dinunrirrtr trii(inci: &rtnld

Ir,

Ta 1'rellne $1 nleneFeLirc c su - v.tr-a.ori I , ni .o i . P.c.oiLcl, . j lor 1! l i lcpcrnit s;-iii prindi \'ictimcle dupE o vifiatonrc sctrti $irupidl sau cu o loviturh putcrnici, fulgcritoare. Au ocolorna vcrtcbrali foartc elasijce, ccea ce lc pcinljle sii seiDtoarci $i sii sc risuceascl cu u$urin,ti atunci cildvineazii. CAnd tllacE, scot gheiuclc, cale iitra in camcaviclirrei, dar atunci crind fclinn nrergc sau alealgi!ghearelc sc retrag in dcgere! teDtru a nu ss rule. Celc maimultc ibline au bLara cu petc sau cu dungi de calnullal,ulrle atuuci cend stau la pifld;r. ijxisti 36 dc spccii defcljne silbaticc, de I:r lisicilc mari, c0 lcrl gi tlgr.LrL, la celcmrci, curn ar fi lijsul

Linxul (Risul)L'nxnl (Ri]srl) duc. o lialti s.l hiih pidur i rr lnnturididunNe,viDAid icl,ud, rozitogrc, Niiprj.ircud Fi n{sini Nn arfi cocotut dcn ntc- Smocul ds p:lrdc la \rcchil a.lura sli rudi tu pSduro.lo. n1ad. sunetclc nr $ lrollg5 birr.Linxul c o v|d*e cxcclorrat,l[1ana lcdcr nn rolrcco de L:

Puna

PcPantdc mnDt,lor. pi:nii ltr ohil{inc dc 4.500 m.

9rincilrla !fuili a iccstuj linil.fncrliztrt esc eiiprio r hjriccs-alunFt lina lengi licliDri, l.ui dc

un+ ihci nrlgcrltof iiin osroaidcu o u'icibd lrccisi h gitTr(ic$1+iIlcntru!i tnl:lslinodse. nifidnn sau ciuNi cu icrbuj. ca tj

flrena oungataDcrililcn+lc rLrxsl)ecr dc +itiL1d, +leslrt{c tlrtmde.lc pisicii Ele s-susp+cidizit li miLlcd.r de hon!r(dimrlc nronrtcl, ftLi xles rcs1ufirrLc aDinalelor omodlc de lblincLulllRD, sun ar u luul Hi€relcdunSalc !.iureazi :nicl fi i.zi,trtarnil+rc mici, piis6ri, )opadc,

l isica silbrLticdPisic3 s.'ilbrrici scxminrl cn cer dom+stici, dar cs10 ai hor,j:i ue o..ddi! rfl i scndi tr nai gLoNd lsLrun bnn ciririilor dar.cs!ruinkrepnac r piizri o lrindr ld sot, Ltndclii1cazri nici .oziton.c ii pisnricme-iilic clibxl pe pirnifl In lsidda dc in!*cchurc. Ms l i tdtii!L scot str4clc slr .nte, pcnktr n

) I t i f incr; . !aL: 30- l j1r .m,.mdl

R!5nindn.,: ciul E orlr, ArilDcnrDn?r rtd,'!ifi(li: 1j3t lxr

s&@"rli'itri!!: rDrP n)05 rh: rulcl

rukDind r+ EorolE. A1d'f

D{n{ $ t{i rtiidifiri: r.irlr lnnrn

$rl:.i

' hi.D€ Si i+cali tJimito!fta lujblani.!rr pEsifari ru |crc {l+

cirruilj .irrl r rc, J4 1 pnnr,ctninz.le c.tB'jiiof ti erbudl{ iuf,!.L':nf.d sdc nsLln pdzii dirccc fjD

Leopardul zdpezilorSolhanrl lcllsrd ol ziilezlln. s!lLranutr nr rrtroipal.! oj !j cn-I}|c silliatic.. l,icioirdc lar, inbln'ir, iL inrnicdist si s s+rtundc in z4)xdr de I. pnnr.teunn'tloi irlti Poitc 5i fl.i:allru trmle inr. srincl,tolosildr rr d+ co*dinurlru

nj4n r{;,{ti.i L'r ic[hE,0t$tu1^"r!d! &

^\i!]D0inii 4c Jiiinljfi .i: ris,irff

.11Leulhi! i .$ iLr s: l r rM siu in z!nNLc ftilndlut in g l]rl rirni,ntu LI $rinLDcx cruJ conlu{ :ir n.d iorMl lrei m!tc!li, l5runeir tituir rc{slora. !iiiLtnEaeltc.lccrLalii in ccr nrnlr?ile Lc f{ l+rth. cirrc pindesr' lotc iLrbr.tarc do!]i sN mxiht'llc Roltrl nr.r)llor .rte ac.l!dq r rpiira rc!x0rlLLlg xuhi

JagLrarul

Ghepardul{jh.li:rdd 0ste ccl Dii $!jrl af

'nirL l.Nlru, tiirC.r.:$ilsi re.

lcrcTe dc h 0 h !i k rt iI ri.irtrc' s.cud. A.. !trlL cfc,gicti dc aceei !a inc*Lx si s+ Dlrs.z..it flrr i]!L.aF dcprdi!,tcnrtr a ! rriric inx.+ jzb$i rL d{ vuczi Tjaoi roc..rtnt.trlnnlj ciNcrzi, do obiqei

alefSs ralni re disrturl. Lurei iidc !.!e sc baTc&.i !c n}.qiic-ru d'j FrrdiL, tEnft Lr a o uider.Iid. Ellu mlun inoliit.r tsc hrircjLr cntc !i bnlilclesloasc, +D ricu c{rioare taltc arDrlc dc nscrt Fqntcla]lLii unul pani h piru pui rin rpiri dc oicL'iftils -

M@"*Httirrnndjrcli

^rrilH. h srd d. &ltaft,

oriuiLt ^t,{Fi

pijLi ir $rLit AjiciDln mriFr g ihlifi*i ri]I,!rltnrii

LeopardulLcoFrh ndiai htdle m iarLlcloliHn tu colrl.L La adiFlr de

tg

I xI$ nor: mrrrr r.r , nr .,n! t

I l';:Jl:;1., .,,.,. ,, , , ,. II s i , i i I

nnuDlrci , ,lDtlfi(r / ", ,- ., J

l..r_Bft:l- , l'

@D@i{}.imu: c. fL : 1.5 0i:

RItrr!ndl'ti: rLLir -q rr.lor

Urr. ,{N,:: !i rlr Si si a{rritiLr{truihr rlii ',i,ln[] rd!ir.i:

3?

T-1.rocl. Dalene s1/ ,

delfiniu milioane de a in urmij striftotiifocilor, balenelor +i delfinilor au pirisit

uscrtul, pentru a trii in ftare. Corpurile lor s-auadaptat la viafa dcvatici, dcvenind [e1ede !i}idrodinNmice, in vrcmc ce membrele lor au d€-r cn i l inor.droare- Sub piclc- ,cetre f iamifcrc ma-rinc au u$ sfraf gros dc grE$ime numiti unturi,pcntru a-9i pisfra cildufa corporali. Ele i$i pr-hec mare parte a timpului sub api, scufundAndu-seadcsca la adancimi marii pcntru l| giisi hrtn!- Dar eleau plimani $i rru branhii, cn ]regtii $i dc aceea trebuic si$e irtoarci cu rcgularitate la supraf.ot4 pentru a respira.

Foci, lei de mare qi morseCu coryudle lor ca disle torpile, aceste mar|iferc marinesunt nisle inotitoarc Fi scufunditoate foartc indemenadce.Ele pot $E-$i incctineasci ritmul birdilor inimii in timpuls.ufundirilor, pcntrn a tlrtea sta sub api perioade lungi.Spre deoscbirc de balene Si delfiri, care flasc lD ap!,focilc, lcil dc mare $i locile vin la tirnr pen1ru a na$tcpuii. Focile 9i morsele inoat6 impjngandu-se in ap6 cuajutorui inotitoarelor din spate, cu nspect dc coadi, invreme ce leii dc mare se l'olosesc de lurgilc lor inotitoare

MorseleMonlle rriiesc in Arcdca, undc seLrl-iftsc ou mohilc tr cruslacci Aucolti xscutili, le c!rc-i foloscscpmnrL r se lmgc din apn $ le ru a

+ lxpln Ccl€ ]l.rrulnob o&c

Leul de marecalifomiauEste cel mai ripid irr+lior dn roalrfo+il+ $ leiidc lnxrc, {a!.bll ilc !fl*e de 40 kn4r, S€ Ddate dcnlasa nf'd !rrc uscrt sr$ngindu ; ruhcory i.orilorrJ€ din liln l. seru!

dt inper.hirc, rc aduni iI coloriin, ldtc pr linnluile nircodc al.

Lhn(

Mlrnn.r: col} l l,?.li::iRispindiFr:.d{r P!.f o'lur

D.nuDrna $iin!ilici: z,r./,!!!

)late fac din clc c\cclenti

Foca cu blani sud-amerlcanaAccasd Jod mineNa pcstc, piryubjii altc mici aniDalctuinc. Fem.lana$ts rr sjtrgrf pui Easlncuel l22ilc, rpois. drce in lnarc +n s:i seh|inds.i, intor cAndr{c ctr .egula-ritate h el, pcnt al allFrd

inod@ri l, rF.r, 'iors(lc

d+

Jififl |lte. lrls rfi lclrft

donnn'd pc banclizi nl

i 'tri,riEr corlul 1,a.r,l i,RI!!itrdiftx: $drl o..ri.ror

3S

Foca leopardFd.rleopdrd este .el nrLrfldri.it.L il Dif il.f, raind ImxiL:rcm i,tliDeotr d n!i. ]tentm!ffidcrc.r snircrco prizii. Iocalioped l&'c.zn pnEnini, pc.rc-ipaddc sul api1, id nofir.nrL,Icitndmeldt sc hls*lif c pc brNhizi.Dc dciur+r, viincdi ri foci nici,m $ F{tri. scpii !i olustc.

Foca de Groenlandaaoca dc Crocnldda !rc co+ul cc-.ulix Si callul icgru Pcrpacarcodrsgi ft.gr"i. In snonnl de ifrll.,"c-chcrc. tuistrlii.ivdli sc ['F1i ltn1rufcn+l+, lrl,)sindu-s+ dc d i$i nrolato,rrl: Dupii lnl}crcch.rc, fcdr+-l.le tbnrcaz-i 8rutu'i pc'mndrzape +are vor D$Ie Puii cresc rtlid,pentru r i 'e l . ides. .n

Leul de mareSteller

dinh€ leiid€ ma,e Pindep+$i, sepii ii cancdlitc.

foca oe portCdrodrc iociic, 5i1-nca dc porlrlr Pet.c€.ea nrr inrrc pane alrelii in aDi. renind te nscotdo c{ sii se impereche2e ii sider na*erc liuilor Puii 1ociidepoft sun! blr+ d.zv0laf incii dch n*lrrc Ei po( sii inorLc cli*dc l. ra:iLc.c ti pol sil scsNfutu{+ ijfrp dc doul uiNledc h vilnLr dc doui rrcizilrfocr dc fJo( sc lrinc$1c cu

UD uxscnl nare |ofte chirsE flr.indrcs foci mai rnici,cun ar tL cclc +u bl+nn PIa-jcl. pc cir sc:nnull.sc lciid{ MN Srcllor $ul utr{{rixri!dc.lloncnr, incetpuii sutrr zdrLibili fi ntleculii silbili !5 sc imlcrc-chc2c cu f.m.lcl. Irft

marc, p€ ru r gisi hnni

|lrtru clc -i fci1ru pui r.i

hlorrucrc! ftrbd s{odl. trnsunet rsnlit, teftru r dmge

!u dLn alrolicrc, F carc al}oiii hiroitsr si j annso, pA cc

Am)v \dt-/Mirin€a: c.qul l,l"r S n

DcnuEnan gii!!ifiLiir Prlocd

39

foaftc inospililicr si loerrc pLttllte nrirurlc p,lt lril . i ia\ci iLcolo. Chiaf Si rrarc;r ingltcal i :n turuL A]lnnrtrci tI)ar nrxrca estc bo,qrta irr hrura St poilro sr'i suslili Ii:rrrmultor ar irn Lc, inclrrr iv a focj lo| l :x isr i sese ipccl de l i rcinr iarcl icc: clelhl lLul lc mrre \L i i . lbra l to:r i , fbci- lco|rrd,lirL[ rDii]rrilloirie (lL crltl)I. lircir \Ycdrl.ll !r aocit sLidici cr_tttlini. ll[_fhnlul dL rrxfc eslc .ri ]rui ur. f0caL djl r!nc.ID ScLTILLI ajLn-l i iml lo 4.00f) lg D. .b:ccj, tocrLe ferc snrc. t r ' ; t ! cr ' . .J j* : l F lx. . . r . . , . . -

. j . : .L.

dcsiul dc pulcrnic i c:r s l i $ i l ise.Lsr ia s i r luf l l r !na ln npeic.rrr larct icc. TiL p dc rnr l tc s l rc di anj , j i rur t , rLr L|sL o|rorarclqu1ru pielea tr ] ] r i is i lner ]ot . i r t L l l tc le j )cc] ] suLtL lLrunlfpr0apc LI isDiLILrtc

tsoclle antarctrce[]ci mar rcic si nr::i izolel

, : . co| lLirc ' [ t 0slr ] AnlNrcf iaa a' ! ! mniIDafe Fattc i t l . rr eslc acoperl te

pcfirancnl fll u 5tftf qlns dc ghcal:i (.\ , l i Luri c e trncori det l iL;csc -r20 k|r,h

, r i lc . l . . - - , . . .< . . . . : ' : 1. . I , rua ." .

..'b:,...#'i:,r

Foca miincitoare tlecraDlStr,, rr.r;ricr i+rx ::rjrj{rii'r& drt L i r . . : : r i f i ic i . : rb: L: . r . lJ i i .c \ ic c! n, i . . crr ! : i Jr d:r$1 dr

i i11. l : . r n,rc hr lL. l ) | . . r . l . r i t

' r , : :

' rc i ln. . ) . r r r : : i i i i r j I t+$

, l . . . l . i . ik . r ! i l r+! . r r:xrr t i : l . ! : l :1, Lrr l j r ; t i r +:lL.,,r r !.r,ii:5. n:u.i rd:,.i, l_..n.nii,,tir,:. i.!.:,i: trlr lLJc cjciirirei ! r . rL1 1r. . , : lL i -J iL. : r -1rr : : i . : L lc:: rrn" !r,:ri i_frli. i:i r.::Lo r{ LlcI 11lrr rL l t r f l r r r : i i r . i . . . r r7.

.i{3

Foca RossPui:aoc! $rcdd.llsc ntrs. pe

Clreilil. iI lnnrrl Fiini{eriinlar!11.c Ld ritt+fc. N nlrt:inLii.d9re rtr.xirnzlif 2t k8, daroeire nlid, ddri$ lQteluih i r l0r ! l rn3frdi , h n l0 Tr lc

\i dtrtlrrzi er.!!n.4 ir Li c.rns*se sa ll*lni jnti ln qrii tliLroc' 5i in!fle rii-ti gistrscS

Foca WeddellFoce W+(ldclL frce scu fur(iii, inri turgi \i ai ndancL {louft.r.trc rlri foci. riLus.ind inn.d obirruit h 100-400 !', tcntnr a ajugr hlandulc dc +o{Llntrrcijc ,{ I$st nr€gisLftd saD-tundre u.i foci $tildcll lrtxdl]rcirnri dc 600 dc nrctri. trnr!dc ?.1 dc mi|lule. \'ari,.c$te tacLmaf !i blirdc itr FtL€c nuitcor. foirr)iild li gh$16.lm'4 ele4u te ;qN d'j r str cir ntr tuu 1

in rpr. lcnltu a cvita condiliil.Dstriehio{, rcsptand flin

gind dnr ghcali, f.

!..t

mlaLditc Als o.ulfirscixlrti+ l|nitunnli Fc sFte

dgintic Fri ltr tLbi llc dbdoncA( un cat mic. dinti cscnfiri.acimLni iilnotiloar i(trsi s.hidncrl. dL s$1r, filtitikill.

ii

;";:.*'

Balene, delfini gi porcide mareBaletelc sunt cele mai mari mauril'ere ale mirii. Existidoud lipuri de balenei cele cu diqi +i cele cu faroane.Dclfinii $i porcii de marc sunt balene mici, cn dinti,Baleneie cu fauoanc au in gwi ln 1oc de dioliLdtc. Cird qe lra1esc. ele i"- inghrrrrurirnariFanoanele se componi ca ni$te filtre. Apa vaprinlre ele, dar po$tii, kdll-ul rii

Porcul de mare DallAcrgi porci dc mc suntmni nditi mai grci ddir *ilrlli porci demad si locuicsc idapehdi , an. i .TlnLcs.. nr grupu i dc plnii h 15 iNdirizi. se pot adun. gi in tuLDq dq100, pcnru migrBlil dc Yat6, sprenord, $ Irenrru ccx dc inni. sP e sdMamc ic ili aliipleazi llur ljmp d!

$te lamedc api.re$r

planctoDul vor rimine in gwa balelci.Balenele cu dinli pot localiza altcvietiti arinc cu ajutoarl ecolocalici.Elc trimjl sunefe asculite $i dctecteazi ecounlcdate de obiectclc intehite. Balenelc sc lropulseazi pdrmigciri sus jos ale cozii Si se odcntcazi cu aripjonr€lc.

Balena ucigagdriind dc lapt c€lnai na,e delii,b3lmd ucieisi esle un vaniimfJeLoce, €rc sc hdinclc cu tEre,sepii,lci iic ftnrc, pisiri ri chiralle balcrc. Uncoii, riipe$le foci dela ml, sa! lc ia dc pe elEalaplutrloar4, Trijrtl! Fi viftda inflnrln nom.dc dc pini la 40 d€

Porcul de mare depo11Accth po$r d+Mre se hritresc cLllegi crun ,rr ti hcribtul $i haibCind !ire+zd, sc s+lltrndii tnnp{o Fse niNre. Pradn csrc dcaco-p..id cu ajulonl inluhulur dcccolocalie- Imint€ de imn+rc-drcrc, ciru lutrgi rirualuri, mss-criul si fcfljla nADeliMu se !iihotehd imprclni Puii s nas6la I0-ll sitt6nnni dl'pi nnp*e-.herc Jn rimp cci{iilnplcr2:ipuiul, nrm! sli +ule*!il lftcrxl,lel1hx m rcesh sE loala r+spjrt

@@Rrispadin': llsrc rtrlds it{

42

Delfinul comunDelfilii. minudaL cotniaf, au niot-6trle $cxtile. dorslla curbari ijun noc lnng. Trliiesc in g.uPridc20 100 du ddhll,rrc. Detrinji rinilisu.l .rtordc{unr inconjluzti ric alic6lNr, Brc ii rcr ejurr. Ac*tc mmiferctunm curioar tijucn,|e sunlrizulo inorerd dliLud de v6c, siiriid{itostDg+lindu s{i! nli. Se rriijndc

Delfinul de CangeEste una dnr cetc dor ctniisFeqiidc delnni dc ili dulceDcifiNl dr cmgc lriiclr€in a1'clc {ul]]!i alc Ind cLEstc orb ochii ld sur! ljpsi ! , dc ois le l in i isc t r tosc$tc de s|mnale dc.c.t.-criie t hilx.e cdc mdar])e tnrr i rg isr p.nda,Ionnati (lin tc tj sicrclcrr.

uelflnut deAtlanticLiiri! curbaL! a surii sc+snlLlfin facc sil Frrii cii zim-b.ic in pcLm3ncnli. Schr.ic$r+ ni l)riftcipdl cr pc$idc ltrnd, lind un buo ccolocrior, p.oducind plnii h.000 dc iinpulsuridc ccolo

crgc pc sc{nDdi. D+tfinuldc Alldntic cstc ndcscs d.csrl lcnti! nuDrcfcic iijn

Riil}iidiu ltrdi{ $stcftut Je

Dcr(ninr +iirljliri: rnrdf ld

Balena albaslrdBilmr sLbaslr:i. cci Ina, ri{r. haltli-ferkrcno, crinlirc{r. 14:i toftc lim;so i12 m. Ad.st giga'r r hrn-nqc cu airi'iti uriN !e dc crcalud$ilt$trh, dcniniito c c! ctuvclii,

unito kall, cor$unind in fi.ca'cnaldiipi h 4 ionc. BalflE at-bastd ssrc i'l p{ic.l dc disparilic.r l0a1c occan+le Lumil ma! dxisrddddmrcatclr r idc cxcnplrrc

D.Nnimrrli r r1.r t41i't

l{trpiindn €: qidc crldd 4ir

D.nl'nnor $iintiric[: ]t/s,'r!

Balena albdBilem albi, Dufiritn 5i b.lxed,lliielle rdcsca in $ici gnLPnri

nuinite cirduri ComunicaL p rh-dvdfirht€ dc sunclc, cum xf fitluiefituri, pocnctc, mnget.,cniprtui uDil polarl vin+aziib+hgrh f nse iLnfc ghclnrileu.Li.c. Ia,rr, gtuluriD3|i d€

' Balena cu cioc alui Cuvier

E u.drntrc.clr l8 sFctii dcLlalolc c$ ui cioc disdncd{ Aicuncorp IIin de cioatdft, aicx! dclocurilc oule in ca( $R+ hrgtrtrlipdiiFETiti Se scduadn tinf del0 rlo minutc, ca si se hr|in+ascicrLsepii \ri pc$idt,mrc adincimc.

Risplii l i4ir rdds.*dtl.Dcd!,nihr tri iuli l ici: P,lr.k/

Balena cenuqte

' r ' ,de.c iomDltr l . i i r impul

' l@@| \ r i ! imu: r1.r r : r ,

Ri$indiftr:no siuLJinord-

b.numnrt *ii:! jft .i: Es.fPj.rltin

Ac*stxbllcni asni Disipul dc lctundulmkii cu botul iis€ LLosofr+de frnodft prrltru a l'1ft micilcxni rlc ded.c lac€ o ciililloncdur nrtoN do 20.000 bn nrire rpcledin Alxsk{, undc sc hd.ejt vr!,

i tPclc na,.alde r imd Fl inidindi ilc oossd de M+!ic{loi,

NarvalulNaLvalL'l cslc inrudil cn balcnaattli, dnf {rc dosrd.i dn4i Unlldintrc ditiiMscnlulti se tftn+finDi illts &1{!lr$ lildet spinl+r,lL,nB d€ pini le 2,? n, cre'sLdpunsc buza slpffioari Ac.s!.ol! cstc trobabilfolosir Fntru im'

Fcsiorlrer femclcLor 9i penrru lrLFt1fl .iv.lrL ih sezonul dc nnlele+hqcUDeIL ftmel+ auticlc un colt $ut

@@

@@Ri[l'dii&: t]GrN rrrchc ts

rurpii iree:l4tt.tlsttl

D€nu mii.{ illl4inci: ^Pl*r

Dugongul

Ca$alotulCx)rlohl0c nn nap nnas. !l cu .subilurlai c+roe,ri, truDrl sp(nrn4-lrr Sprrief {c1rLl ii imbunliliFttcflotriliLiltl|ta - ci]ln.ilitcr d! |ptuti r{efd, cl toaro si iiungii lradidod rEitrri {c 1.1100

'n, nl

Su'tnDTilor, dugongulsi Ddhrtuisunl rutlc xlc

clcfanllrlu Dng.ngul.!lcco.polcnl ti arc n: acclai

tirD m lro,il hjdmdiDanic. Esrctinirl ri s.LiLr, Fctc.!idu-!imarc fenc t1 t,+1ii tc turndnl xpo,hriDir { sc (u icrbLrri B€vdice oLtrrcli dc Cngorg fi nitLcrc unusi B!f fuL. in rDli, djflin{!.1 sii

Manatulamencan

I'16M1rl ldic$o in {olhrfl,csolrc dc riu.iti rpclc dccoajd pll tr adinci. Eslt un

brtr ir1{r610r ,{Ltoclc pindc

viLczc dr:5 t.rA Sc tolos.llcfc.oadi Fliti fcrtru prapulsic.iu urcori Dcfgc c! {lrloflrliloriro.rNlorfc tin - umlc

Riipindks:{}.mN rrrhntrq

Balena MinkeBalentrMiikc ustc o rdai flnnlu-idi r xNgcpKr'ri ti r !]ldti ltlbNrc.Ciiixccren. r. dc-a lungnl giluh1l$ir dugal€ hrrgilurilcpolNrc, bslcr,r Lli,,kc sc l,ilncsrc nipitrcipfl pltur.lon. daf in rFducdldd nirin(ii !iDcili ii scpii,

Megapleraf unLcla hcg{tlcrii rjsrc j:rLmorsli

Ic4Ltu unn r$rror conprcxnarc a.Antcc.l{r pc calc lc cinliL pontrur fislja l.gi1$x ctr +clclallc halcuc

!iDcnr r a$agc m\culii Adcsc!-c! cirti o,. in ir, ftcifd lrauTatdo.r !cllli.r i rcsprrr r\tcs({ canl+cc lmnq distenl. n[i p,nr.Pa

Rrspindiftr: rprl. dc!"rr; / !Aki!,. rhcJLl ltrJff t1, LrtrRDrio.

l).nlni..i riijnlili.i: rtr!.{

@@ttspindir€r toilc orsruLi

Mamifere copitate r,,,,1I Tnete nriunifrrc Au deget! rarc se(J tcrmin{ cu in}€l isuri tari- numitocopite, Cupitclc sunL lormate din kerarini- accea$i subshrnti din carc $unl tbrmatcfi unghiilc Si ghearele. Cu multi wemc inurfti, toatc mamiferele cll copite aveaucinci degetc. In cu$ul evolutiri! cle $i-.tupi(rdul o parle din acesie dcgr(c. pcnlru dp[tca alcrga m,ti repedc. Mamilerele cucolite sunt clasifiorte dupi numfirul degetelorfunclionnle: prrc (cu doui s,ru patru degete) sruimparc trnul sau trei degetc). Silgurul mamifcr cucopite care calc[ li aitlzi pe ce]c cinci degete estcolefadtul.

Porci, pecari gi hipopotamiUlr porc cste usor recu]roscul prin reni lui 1'tlusculos $i

Porcul mistrctlorcul m strc! csrc srrintrrlU porculnr nrhestr. Cn rlitul luilurg, cl

,nnllrii 5olul ni.iulec dcl,lrntu 5i trjfre de DArc

Dc asenrer+i, sdpii duti

lulrg, carc se tetnr|i cLr un disc rotund, plat. Pcca,ri,ascminitori cu polcij,lrlicsc doar in celc doui Americi, inllre e ce lipopotamul, vinLl rlMimarc, porcilor,{ipecanlor, triicste in Africa, Porcii, pecari $i hipopotamiisunt mamilere cu copile p0rc, cu patru degete (lccari audoar trei degetg la picioerele din $pa1c). Au stomacuri majsirnple dcctt altc maaifbre cu copilc parc.

Ri \l'indn"x, ..ir.rl Ji {cL: ^6.ii f"li:lllli:,irhi:

: r : rn rr3rc t t r rnruL .e.urcrltrLi cu iirul s+urt 9i cu

burxioni ]n partca cca maicaldi r zihi, r:de!osrqlcc invizu' l'd, daE dd+scn cshvzuitu abrndonrri dc unf{rnj{ {frican Prircipaltin,}]nici su fuiiti leoprzii

@ARii\Piindircr: !rft rl j irdrL!ELi.t.. iud L A6:cii

^{llTJ.ntrmn!, rtjn,lnt [] .r^ sr,l.

@.si i l irimlo: r.rPut :j3 4 ] r\ .oxca

rdsDiDdrr! afr u, rrsuddc sxra

Facocerulracoccnn N cstc dclac lnnos.Arc liciodr h gi- colli c rbiliriun ca! hDg !i rLulit. .n d.utl]|{,triicmnfc mr, Neurinilosrcdtr fiilc nr:1. Tr;io$c ni sariM

4d

Pecari cu guler:NMeleii!in{ dc h o dunci dinj'rnLlglnlui Tiiic9lc in gnD ri d+''pdi! l& 15 mitudq .dc.$i turchqd.-britrfiul o, !]rl rnnds p..d us dc glnn. dcle moscnle de h spalc. Mi:ninaii

"ddicini, iorbui, huicni. fruclc.

;Ir'rxoi$ laffc dc lnseclc. Poatc sEfdrrge d,]rtul de relcdc c3 sn scslcGPE@ro' f t J iguB,, r ! pum((

i i r inc d. lJ rno.u d. f rr dc pc blrbic Tfiieil+injun-: glc,listii*ri !i mlnqtlnilc

i dc urDgrcle, Mtnalh.i in

Porcul cu barbllorculc! btrb{ arc r|n coryllnglinn cal iqu\t Nnn,.h

Hipopolamul pigmeuA.csr hipop.tam pitio tdiettc iIjurtrL nlGlinilor, dar isi peh+ce cc!na na,c Fnc a rniPl!, Pc uscat.Hipopotanrul fignrcu cslc in mar+pedooldc dislsrjlic, djn cavratiicflipndurilor Dc ascmcnca, cslclcriclilat $ din cauza uinilflr lui

HipopotamulHil)ototi'nll cse unul dirnrccclc Dai ,Di ,nmi l i rc dclscat Doir nno+ctu I ti cl+tan rulsur! m:d srci Tdi+$c nr

rprcpic.c! durilor !i lacurilor rii5 i tctEceFrd la l5 orc t+ zr

ptucilxl fructc cizulc,$obolani ri ldvc dc niFclcAdcsea urmlrcaLc n{nnurdc, casi rnAnAncc fruclNlc clizulc d. hrlcostcr, fchNld d:l naitcfc la

nr ali, ca si se 'lqo,+Fs{i

lcscdLtr api ld dllus, c. ra pascnicrburilo dc k

'Ml $i fruct€l€

ci?ute. Esle un butr inor5tordar adcsc. lrctli sA mcalgl

hitololsm isi poatc lneris!flarc! sub api

R[1]rDdrrco: v.ruL llticii, dtn

Dcitr'ri.cr lriinlifi cl: t'roprkrlor

Mirnnco: corp! t 6 r,3 n;lordr

Rirpindirer: iuxhie7Lx, Su'nxtr

l}lnDminoJii riffq! Jks tdddor

I trlefantii2

i.ntiiriLrd pind ia 5.90i1 kg 51 c(L o inarltirrrc del)Anir lo.1 m la l ivelul umiurlui. olelalrtul cjre

cel mai rldre lnarnifcf d€ rscit l. fxisti doui spccii dcclethnl. Lna lr ': i icttc in.\f i ica. iar.ccalallr i in Inrl ia siAsia dc Siid-flsl. Trompa flcxibila a clclantului unluas luns. t ixat dc LrrLza snpctiotrr. i - cor')Line l iniL lo100.00(l dc muycJri ; i cste lolositi peolru rrifos, l ipiLit, fesprfuli0 hfi inirc )i penfrLr a scoate srnclc putcrrticc ca de tlonpeli. f. lcirnrLrl isi loloscqtc frldil i il)cnln! lLrl-it i , fcnhll [ izL|r ca c0ii l dc pu copaci sip+Dllu it sipil iD caL tatca apci. Elcli:tt i i tt i i icscirt salanele cu icrl lrri si ir zonclc cu 1Lrli;ut.i

i ) , r r i rnr , , i il . l , rn1Lr r l , tnr ! { ! t r i : : r l rc j

rL. t r , t ,LL r+c{L. . l lL iL , : r , \ , I : rt i t . :Lnl i nr i : ; r , : r r ! : rL n1!r l r :r , ! : r ( rFiLr l L! !n!r , ! r r : :rnrr.r..f!r !tr r !L ri l.-rr1!. i| 1::i,tl

.LrLinLtr t l l . .nn- f : f , r r .1 LL j :l i f ' r :L rL r l Lqt i . nr 1r | r fu r1( l, \,i:Lrc (:nir )rn!.)l rtr

uscnl0, ca l i in r . i i lc l lur i l0r y i inrnla;l ini. Por sir ajrrngi piri l l 73 clc

, L, . .1, . . t . . . ; ^ , , , - , . . ,

lLrtmc f irtr i l i l t lc. in r 'rcmc cc, J( - l I i r | ]1, I . . . , I t -a. ,

Hlcfhitii la lucru0rntni i { r lcNr?i & t r1:r i ic d it c l i i l i i r . , r ' . , r f :Lrr . r . inrh:c, f i lr j t r t+,c i orc!r . I . , g i . . i r j r r r i -r i , r 1{ :osLrrrc. +lc i i r iur ! r r i]rr.ri i:rrilrtis:i r! i.,lf\jr!.i J..nltL Ffltflr e r:ii f, h.\l.Lr: !r. ..i. nr t r r i r r i+LLr: l i $ rnl :

Po-lii narc demancafeUr rlctirl ll ro iinir.i nli i . . i . : r icrn l j l l l ! (cr i : : , r r fzr , r :c[ ! r le.cr i ta cc c. !n. j : i r ( rcr i l i

rr[{Lr]r .6r:]rtrcr .rfr tal. cr ' r r , r I sf )L t r l r . i . i . ,s l in:r i

.q ii

z

i

,7

,1.'-&""-..f:;1.

z

Cdmilel i r r r i l a, ; . . l . lorronsL" in . l rornader c i f f i l rbacLritrlli, vicuna $i guanaco. CInilele sulrt blanimdlc rlurreg;rtoare, iar picioarclc lor au doar IE

licNir rL,rr crniLc frricncoasd llc lr,i csd if hi.i

nn e famil! ., in Muntii-ilrzidnl Anonu d+ Sud, undc sc

ht{n+sc clt iFbii t !ftc fl,itqmL.i Frecrfe tufmli esle Fzrlir de

uD mxsc!I {f {h. A+csLn rlcrtir+arircttll tuftn.i dc Frio.le trni

doui degetc ficcarc. Drcmaderul si cimilabactriarli ftiiesc in dc;clt $i du 1a liecarepic.ur col . rLc l r .e- pent lu d pulcd ih .d l .c o(solul sipos. Viaufia Si grunaco (numit gildrr.r) pot sii.rsspirc aeruL rargfirlt alpodi$uriiof inaLtc, iar blana lor groasi le

L pennile si rezist€ la frigurilc altitudinilor..i "". rnau9{

Cervide,.1

glrare $1 DovloeAcest g]1]p clc copitrite c'u degete parc cstc fonnat dillruDegEloare, ceea cc inscamni ci a|{ stomacurl comp]cxc.C:ind Drinenci, ele mcstcca doat puli11 frullzele gi icrburilc.dup.i ca.e le inghit. Apoi. animaL*t aduce hrana p,r4iaLdigcrata inrlpoi ifl guri $j o mcstcod bine, Girafele, caprclcii bolidclc (vitele, antilop,3lc, oilc iii caprele) au pe capcoame ascutitc, iar ce$ldele au coarnc m,]]lifica1e. Coameleasculitc crcsc pennanent, ?n \,'rcmo ce cele ranificatc cad ;icresc din nou in fiecale an,

Clprioira d., " t iLaDflOa.ra oe

Dromaderul

apaMi.utd {iipn$ad 4c aFrre:pnnnn.l,r nii,0earn!] rctu€ Are sfdr'ccoco!nt, un +ap mic iiticiorc subLtrr. Triilcilc nldrptali Lr liiF nr d.fctt. Uicchite

tinii'ite tor s+ rrorin$idc, p+nlru inu itfr nisiful tu lrdnc cc buzcl.durc lc pcmiL sI rnan!rcefhnleLetepors. alc d.$crlullr liLi a se l1iu.iril{l.x+sc c0codil pentru a srucrEisimc, P!,. s. hiNlomi nr iFl

i, cnlrgic ciid. nu Daidu t. tlca li

Dmr|trd. ii.unr fu.,.te b nc

pndu!. in atrct,erea r]lclorLinpul alci sc odihne$en)runlu.ilc dcr. lioaFa, iese

ln

ciDtL irrbrri. frunr{ :jL i^trl.*eNncx, mnriin+ii ti cratli,!i€rmi, insc.tc, l]c!li 9i allc Dr.lnxnxlcrc. Dnci csle inEnnrdti.

l?STirdir.r: rcnnL $.tokrl

D$umnah ililn lin.!r /t?rr.,i d

@aMi' inH corp, l l . l - t 6r .

Rilspilndiru: Munln Art. ri,lcn paD,i nordulr,rrlriCL rDrrLhiE. ltiintilici: m.14,rd

\l ii irr ':

@!rl 2 r 1.+ fl: cdda 5+

R:l$indinr: tro'n, t -{&iciL, Oi6trrutr\?nli, : ji koJ Jr AoitL i LiiDcnuniruR }riinlifi .[i (irrttr

Ciprioara moscatd depiclureilNrlula(l pa,tca dcjos r cor

Pului+ gl$di ds mosc accrsli lro-duft un lic}id cu mtrospulchrc,luniL mosc, IJe *rc malcul ii il fo-bFF lentnL ! tntc semndlc t!mc-Irl0r ib Fdoaft dc irntercclcre. Ci'

!'iod moscrti arc o blani pcrihng !i idn $ d+idinli c!

supdiinr sd hrinoqrs cu licheDi.mu$ , listd, iarbi, nqchi ii

*;f

Cerbrrl rosuMaruli ti fe klc kii+sc nrtum. rcp.nrc. Comnele nnscn.

I lului ccd in fiLcRru !timi!2ri,| finld inloctrite d. rll{lc, na1I Drr1. In sc/-onui de nDcr&cru.I Dasculii luorit unii cn;lii. cuI riulo(rl Loarnclof. renlnI

- drcdli,r de i se

V #,:t:ifi'6i:',."! L| mg+ot,i ma{ I .+/ lrlir tris inlmg.

Caribu (renul)Crdbu sru rcnule$lc singLmsteci. fcccrrdc la.m ar coar-De ! i mscuLi i t i fem.l€lc. Lncclclatte spc.ii, do ttsculii au,Rcnll se ldncirc F,D! de ohiccrc! lirl'+n! vde. cnlftorcile sI)IenoLd, pdrttu a s. ldni o ic]bltjlcsluMetrrc si c! !ianlel+ xurdlc],

femctclc t i lu i i

VJ), { ' i iLci in N'r is.

\U-'::mH;,ElanulELatul src .el Ni Liiuc

ceridclor Arc conn)e

curlar nr jo! rio !o(nmedc piclc .!€-i rliituil dc 8

lnma, cl,rnul uinlnca conufi::r.d

t*, t \Fi

j lttrims: idiOu! 2,5'l ftrLundr 5 12

R:liriidircr: 70trcli cilc m i0{r.Nft Elrol.i. Aiiri tl

^)srLi {cNDId

D.nmini rtiinlilidi nL.r r/..s

dr Fill !i tFpi in zip.dii dlpiliche linui.l,i. inorti b c,iir vdr:] infi i|l riuriti ln+ud.

lgnlnr r pr$c icrbudleacraiicc. l\'iasculn atag

@@&nr[rin!r:.orptrl ],6 r,5,.1.+ida

It5:Dlindinr: iodtr ^fn.i.

InroFi,i!r&, Anreii.r rjr ,\oldi trrl$dus ni

. tr:s

GiralaGirdta liii+$c in sr,!a fricani.Cu piciod{lc ai girul ci rini$.f.lurgi, ca sc r'nalli la alrurp+ 5 In,fiitul(cl nd iLrxl( aDi xl+xistcnc.Mrrd nrillnnc iipcnni(c sii schftin{rsui +u AuPclc $i mugNiidopo cHgile sufefi.:,€ ale cotrcilof

tr sii d.tcctcTc !cricolclc

DrD'nnciltiinlxiclj|rnuiJ

OkapiQkapirc hrihcilc cu iirilzc Si

usti il..l[cllor dii juglli liru l le dc tc crengicul imba,.&cesle iliLi de lNgi, incilanimrl poate si-!i curele.ncl oclii I flcoafclc Durg lcdc !c !jcioarc sun! mlLrn

I cam'Lt ld l Ti i$t ! s i . ! r iac ! irc in6l lc cu ah olt.pi{or

in lcriaada dc impercchcrc.Ma(uliL au roa.n! icunl.lscnnniLoiir+ cu .rjLc alr $ftt i.

Antilopa americaudUnul dnrh€ c.le mairaFidemamLtnrc dLn Ahericn, anl loli

rmerir i:' por,c rj$'d. .r o

/t m.Nrr !l rDel.r. r ,

frclungiriin t4d, c! n4tcfur+i EsuRrii, d .rrzdvidini i'a dislogcrl

Nlirine{: ldlull,l 1,3 m,

tdirpAldirc!: Aisirs UL Srd

Cliprlorrri accasla locuid nrrinie{o{.h icfbilrilc inxlr+ din lamps,daf a{izi se gils.gc j in piidnri.

lcn!ru ci T.oncie de.irrpie sunt totflai folositc lcntLl xgrknLturi Irtnllulzilcisc odilncllc, iar scdas€ hrinelle. Ntr t!{i+xjs1i {i.ir d6r.va snte de citioar. depaDpa Dc

RrlP ,:ndjru: ccohtrt crudci,

reer lnn,d Dl $re lr orejr de e!e.

3T

Antilopa gnuln sezo l sedetos, turnc urlasc rlinmBie a,ril.I'€ oL rstc$ du b+ljncniibat distnnle mrd r.in snvoa!ftiLuii. iLr cillxE de irbE

FoarFti iL sure de al)i Pnii sc!$. in sczornlrrl.d, dEtrd hilnadc undend.l r!flncl+ sc

Bivolul de apiasratrcEivoluldc ali s. bline$e l!incctulul !i la slliriilLn zil€i.! idbd ti altli vegelaiic carccrclre pc.Mhl lmNnor saxhunror 4L p€r.oe cca mal

tmPrlui li!:ilindu sc inniLnoL s \cntundal lndti, sdnliid atlr; doar

BongoBong! kiiic$i i! paLdre Esteuiaiarltrtu lid, car. n dnl}Ulzh s.arNndcn,tc tuniur iic+laci ln zoli si h $fintil rcsc sasc htucd.i! cu rtun,., coiji {tc

@

Yakul silbaticIn ciuda Dirinli hi, yahrl... olnarc sttbrlitalc popj.iode. ir0u! ce File pe ]}anlcLc izolalcalc nrunl i lo i Pi tuIhi lus \ izdr+n$( itjnLrge afmape depinrdnl Do qscncnLia. ar+ sullac.st li, o blan! Llh0xsi, cu. Iq trli sli rczrslr h ftigul

3-t

@QlfirnnH: $Lpxl2 5-l.,riorda

Rtstlirdn$: I lir,.kk dc S$d

D!o!4'r^r rLiinlmcli: rirarrr

ri\!indi'.xi aft i{ dr SudDlr!'iirc* ruinlifi{j: P!+q

BizonuJ european

b ! uuubl .nJ,noik,

: dea tr ' , I in"rr . r r ! i

rLrii rlscurdu !i coFci

lulhurat, tugc salhrrjF inai ir lcdnuL d.ifrItrechcrc- .,sculiidrc

iiile,runar+ 1r!rc simuhle, tLri o s+

LechweI -c-hsc $iL!re r t r junL l . .u i l0r ,n atlinilor i in ciDtilc i.xndabilc.hitclrq{c ccx maiDlrc torc a lnn-lului nc+e p,nr apa lrtrii adan.ci- h.lnindu sc irbn.j riahc

Rhebok

t isFiltrdir!{: ALaF .x de :,ruDcnrn'irar{1iin.ric!:r or

Bizonul americanOdi orn,60 de nrilioanc dcbiT.ori rrrllbiirear flnrilc Irrccrji aloAoicacn dcNard, dd atr rbno drilr al.it de multilo sccoftLl l9f* crihe aoloniirii cur{lFcnj. ift.it!u nnr Lirnas doat tu ju. d.:0.0n0A..itc aniftnl! mgniiice se l)olv.dci arrriz! (lonl in pdo!iL+rrtr.nalc ti it rcucLartii liiies. iJrlLrD)c ti rc lrin+sc otr id|bi

W

lLa d Dcvali.. lnprlclc lungi riInrgi sunr rdcalc pcmru riscoljt innin'ol. dsr tnlicrLica rribahtl sisc d.plascz. tupid !c lerer us.nl.{IncniDtat dc lci,li*re sau rtlcinnnxlc d. lLrdi. se arufdc n,b.p:1, rotltul In r4nl:!: doe.

BizonLrl crropcx'1. Dtrhjr ii zifrhu,s.ltrhrclrc nanrc. leLjgi, +rctrgi,r.rili de.cotac J ghndn, giisile inlidNc ln 1919, sp+cir a disFirrlin stii c dc libcnar, dxbrid vin:tonii dcstidurnii. $asr bizoni eolcnLcatrfi r frsl lisri iLr liletulc. undcs..! irmdtit. Aslizicristi h luncdproxinrti! 100 iic bzori cunlir€ri

@.Gt :

iuirimex: coqnLlr,r r,?q rcDR& iir 4i cn flri:p5rd rcu: rtrdrti|Ji. i f

t{ l

ALrti)opa orix

+rr n ti.rr+ lrl

dobhrlnc xL)x nc+csid

Imnala /a n:i; t , cr r.sr

' If i :u . , r . : . r i r I

-...;;;,;,.";;, ,, ,/,t -( p c c i Lc.O.r \" i i r . l l i iZut clcextrr. corne i/ 'mpi!,i,,"ii. t,, r,,gi. p.". li .i ,.,] 'lt.

ii, t : :Jlil:,i::J:1i.,,:r** -.,*'i!+r. :\ .!rc cn+a, p.rtc sii !nr;l )i |.,t", r-------:-_"+

SaigaSailririie$e i_i ulupriLr iftlt+ crrrd:ruji, nmnLn rtcl-.. Nrnrl L5cnli-r r lDrcn. t o:rpi . rc F.r i 5 i qhi-cx rr)cr:iic rr.:l ilr rcr |tsiptrlui iilrrirltr Cii r+. Iamr ii.Etr.

i r o rluii lilir.nsi. fc.Lru I I

Irla rnLiitr 11iin!ii:.:r:.ir,rr..'!{

C apra ncagrd.!xrr, lio{ix cxlri ica-cri }[5i...r liirin nf.ilor 3d.sersirr i rddc l rn na.uihahnl

. intaier i ,n ic i nr+Fjc i+ cs.ltrLc, cu cotii. D snn{r rlii

Ant.ihpa Mendesintil.lx \4ridcs.!rc utrL fiLrhrnrindq $iftlo uli Lxre rrir(sci r rg

' rdr i Dc){LLrLnistr in- i r

*. rolnincil..ntlarr(c (( nr !rLju.lNxl Uop rulu l4r irpi.di.irinqrq[r- ti.i+aLr]rr nr ni\it);!![iz]e;tc rrLrc 1d! ftr, p|:ntrl

) p.:olri il1.orlll.. c. artrlii\! sa ru artri!.; P.:nprfell!

/1 ll n,.r,.ar+ rft,r,.orDarir.

.1, . l " .a, r r i5 i c l r { r . \ ( r t r. .F

- - * l . l :n '5! ' ! r . , i { i

l l;lri 'd: !,DLll,r r ..r:1:

Ri i ,p indir . i : roartAl i . il).irnnrr tiinl jlicii !,liJr

35

Boul moscatIn Fisaj inehelrl rl lundrcilnr8rc]ice, bori Droscalr srpri cucopilclc in zipadi !i ghcali dupiru,scli. li.h.tri {i riidalci'i. Dlc iisunr:ra.rti de lupi, cifomcazr unccrc dctcntiv nrjurul t(ilor, cuooamcLc indrqirlrc stlc cxtcrior

Muflonul\,Iullonul(rc codic lungi, nnorn€Pehm d $rprdltclui ir murliisilbdci, el ninlnci pndi. oiiccvcgclal,c intalncgc, i,iclusLv plaDteonilnutu. orni ar Ii nilsrls.inL!!

\l i lri 'nlx: corpLLl:,d m .ordl

Dutrmirux n in' ffiltr trri'

/r'

t

4dltlndn4r i+rdp (lirdsi

DElndircr ltinlifi {:i: 4lib|r

Caii ql tapirli "lmpreund clL flnoceritcaii $i iapirii forfleazi un $up demamifcre copitate impare. Anin1aLele din lamllia celului.inclu:iv zcbrcLc ql mngarii, tdicsc in grupllri $r se hdnescin principal ou iarbi. Picioarclc au un sirgur deget cu ocopid. Aceasta le permite si alerge repedc Tapidi suntfiinlo grcoaie, scurte, cu patru degete Ia picioarele djn 14i$i trei la cclc din spatc. Rinocerii au trei degete la tiecared:nrre prcioue. prcroarc s,uic. !apc c | | i i ca:irnc

Zebra GrevyTunnc dc ascrnemr zcbr.tiribat salana rfrioani. Zcbrolcau dcs ncloLc dc apii ir do.cc.a i9i p€(cc ccl noi inuhlin} iinrsi su,scl+ dc {p6Bhtr1 lor $lc dutrlri ,

1l

I

Cahrl 1ui lLzcr'i l lski

l l i i :F in,Ln!, : ^ ! .1 iJ

nt s l

Ritroccru] ncqlun!7i {LI]., nrri ir fLrrfa d.c i r l e, a r do; t r r l r i r r | , r ,!iJ,i L l,:i,!\,'a iLrL:rtl.LiinLr:r i , l . , S: I ta:r : lo ' r f f f.o. i . l t l : , l r r l i i \Ltr i f r Cf

l ) . r5tr / .1!a. ! Lr , l . ! l r ' r . rr0 1r ! : r r . (x +r:rc rr 'c ir r. fl:i.i i. ! ri c : r[.i ]LuL rr i : i . , r l t r t i : :nr minnnLtrL. triLc sir r!,nrlir li rrLcrr

Riroccrul dcSumatla: r ( ( r r r l r i i . i i ,

| i r { ! r f r : r f L r l l in Li t ir ro ' r : i .L: f ! : r Ia. . : .cr l lJr i r rxLi i lN nr:rc.n drSLDrL:. l ! l tJ ! r0 l ,n.\.i Lt IfrLru .rr! L l:::.

r Lr ' r r . , r r t , r r lcrrr fiL iili irrrl ir xri

.'(.$.,J lrl il ri r.trlt.r:riu, i [ r5Li l [Lrr ! [ | rn4jrrr .L: i l t r r r r r r : r lo. iL.rnti an ti( iif:lrilt LLr.itr litrL,lorq.liri m,:r r:n.r:rLlj fLJ n^ \ r . n,rr l . : l i /L r i i:be nL. d i l las l r Dr, i j i i ' r r r .

rnr $;.1: r'r /L:o Lr::i+

:i-

@@"

D ozirnir | : l { runl un grup nrere dr mrmilcre mici } iI \n(di j . incluzind grupuri c !cvcri tchi

Rozltoare qi iepuri

tiMLi l'.nLclclc nis. dc

Pika nordiclika tdicsc in !rupNi ijrn irh,

0ar. !e iCliJio!!$c pimc {iilci

gobolnnii $i castorji. llxisti ccl putin l S00 dcsptci i dc ror i iotr e. !arc sc gi\csc in toat i ilunrca. in toxte r ipuri lc de Iabitat. ( cl i mainrul l f !e hr i l lcsc cu plen!r. ar d d o \ ingur: inerHhc dr dinf i incir i r . i . carc lc pf i mitc r: il l rer lrc, cc! mai t i rre hrrr. l i . Pjka r i ieprrr i isunt un Alt grup de mflmifcre ierbivorc dctu.(c(. n urni lu lag.mor Ic- Si l . ( .5lcr au inci{ iv i. iscut i{ i pcntru a puter roade planlele.

Pika gi iepuriiPika sunt tuni mi0i dccet iepuii l i du urcchi scurte $iro1!fidc, fiind lipsiti de coedii. Jjxiste 2l de s|ecii difcrirc,ceLc n1ai multe trSlnd in nordul $i ccnirul Asiei, do$i cxistili doui spe.il il1 Arncrica de Norcl, Ielurii sunt l'oartecoDrLLnl in cclc cioui Ancrici, lturopa. Asia gi Africa ql aulbst irrtfodu$i c! succes iD Australia SiNoua Zeclandi. intotal, apmxirnnliv, lT dc spccii . Cei mai nul1i icpuri sunrrapizi, .ru urcuhi lungi 5i inguste. coli nlici +i pr]lbase Sipiaioare postorioarc binc dezvoltate.

european

sxlli uni lahgi

' .oDrcrloi P.nciprh

i..bn.il. rituhiijlczcrroaic alc Plmlelo. \rtun

kln,i nu nLdli hnnii, pccu. ! dciroTncad iLr Dici

rirnlfn. lcnl trDilc dcianrn- Pik! saFii in zipndica sn cJuiSil ir nicilc lor

@@Nlirnn.tr ( rtr l0:j.ir

DcnlDnlxll i jn.ltr:.]d,dJ

Tenr rr+l+ nnlrr!rur, r.prrcl. |olaf tuc blur dcculodr{r ftr.nr irchis, i}rr rarnritccrsh d.rim ilbi. Dor lirlfriLcuLlrhnor rtunan nr.h'r. la .uluara.Bhm {lbal iie*mitc si sc rscr trilridc nlri.iin iiirrdr Dc orijcd+rtc d+tLa r.rtlca ii dDhro{lrillvrcnc, con$0ir jarbil

''l .

lan{ iq(snlct inugui , { l f

. - "_ l?

-a 'hI ' rc

r i . , i

@@Mlrlo!N: rlfirL l rlr-52 .,.i F4rr

Rrqrlndn!r: a3fdr. ^

rir.\

lhi!n,irci rliintifi .[: l.td

$E

RilriDdnax hrqr. rod rrrLpr]lfLici inrldurh aln ,! ,r. N+tr!

D.nunrn u rtiinifi.iLr oru /,r!

Veverite. castori.popflnddi qi qoareci cupunga $1 lepurl-cangurAccslc anilrlaLc s!nl toatc roziitoare. Fafiilia velerilelo]include annnale ca marnota $i carlii de lrecuc.$oarecii cu pungi tiiesc in Anerica de Nord 9i dcSnd. Udl au aspect de $oarece $i lriiesc in pidudd+nse. Allil shibat c6tupii1c arirlc pc Lungilc lorpicioarc dln spatc. Singufa specie de lepure siritotsare c;r un cangur. Cele doui specii de caslor i$i pcfcc ccafiaimnre plfte a tirnpului itr a!i.

Veverila dungaliiindianiA*ste !ni+r veverile sli !r nFdmieri toaii zixr. hiDindlscMarmotarL DUri de +ocos, flori 5rmtr$fi M:sculii d\alisc luplil

Fnt'u linrcl!- dtu dutiimpercchcrc iu nlion nrnlc ircon'Lri c$ Dlc s,lLj c{ prii Irmod io.mrl, Lmcl.lc nasc dcIic ori l)+ rn, crir.c rrui lui

inghcl, iilF in !jzuinE

Veverila rolie

ttpiDdirci: !.ntul SaieloL fr ,.DoDnnm ! iqirjdl: ..]rrurr},!

Ciinele de preeriecu coadi neagrdCdiniids prccric rEicsc irludatc adiposr{ri sulrl+Rnc,numitc,,oralc . UD orat l}onterdlip{sli cilLva miidc rnnndlelcs din cuib nr dnpul zilei, u s:Lse Lrr;n.asci ctr idbnn I altplane, !i $e aven'zxazannir pcal!r dD pffjcolc. au Udkni

er1lopeanaV.vdtelc rorii ii foloserdirliiascUili p+ntu n sc hranic{ conuri ac comf.tu in Limpulimii, dr ran minl:inciiciupcr+i ti fnrcle. Acolo urde

[ranr cs|r rbumLsrit,lc clclc pot si Eas.ii rt+doui or i !c xn c iL. r rc i ru i

' Pun r nA. inrr tu ruib.ia \corblra unui c.!xc.

5+

@@Rii,pindirci ,4Dcrici Cc NodDraD'nnft itih lifi. i: ,Y/d,rr'

PopindirLl

r l i r in 'crco,rnlr i - l .1cm fI

Rt.pitrdi'a: Nsrul shcror l:I

DuFrmkF Jirrdi!!: {;.,,tr ttl

pungaN!m.lc rcestuia vinc dc la ccledoLrii tungl d€ snb blrrii, +arc IoFrcs'j di. obqii a.cstca po! il !in-plulc cn |uni nri alos rndicirt

crK F0alc 1l $ q*sporrdlii ]lr +urD,lopir.ii,i iii lclfcc cea ML nec

F|rc n Yicliistb pi rirltu lizuini

Fc $rc le slli ctr dinliialculili dnl1'xtii 9i or l!!elc luilrut.rnicc

$obolanul-cangur deoesenAccsla trco prrLc dLn urmilh!rriloamlor cu pungi! SlcciilcdiD dcicrt iti Flr.c zrua nllizuiri $r nosltca rcs sll t*t&]l afti, cun.r fi scni,Dtc.llsrc loar1. bini a.irplat lnlorclc uscilc lr toatc sii nubci d.l.c rpii in cursul !ic!nititor(c clil{ hlair ni Futsilc din

ChipmunkChi?muit ttrtine faDiLieivdcrildor Sc adqr.stcil. itrltuinip€ cffc Lc sali sub bu$rnit b.lov i, din.i.c icsc dim'icoF,

fdfhild nr citrrdru dcDrci, frocl+ iisctr,irF Ntr hibcmclzii, na( ia'nr&vinc nnll ai pnFn acli$

@@Iliirinfi: iorll! t3,5-20 n1:.uidc

R:liISndifti rrr L ADrri.i drrikD.nu'nnca stLirrjlicii ftflarrriirr

DF'uninM rliin!ificii: r.rfdrL

Castorul arnericanIcpurele cangurCi d cst alaord su cilitorctlcp. d6tailc lLnisi, f.,.rcc+lc .angnfsu! !c uigil+ lni picio c dlnspalc, ca un cangur Cr:id schriinc c, sc depLrseari p! palru

ficiarrc l!irrl|lte marc pirl,: tziLcin, vizuini, drn c!rc Letennaplca,cl si d Llc bulbr, rldd€trrsln grimF. dor tiinsectu.

liindlrin c ccle nu' tudrozilriare, c$t.Nl rbcri+an+iiLrdrc efini h 27 kg. Clstofii

6triiici r' nzr, doajil si crcngut+siadiesc into t{cxLr,r r in atLopicr.aI).i. Ei co0strui.so fe.iiurs(illtff+ dir crengi iil5minr. aarc

---. r eErz.i un lar $

ryir:i$l,ilTli*.m€rrcnn 6S

$obolanii gi goarecii dinLumea NoudAcest grup de rozdtoare conlirre cel pufi[ 400 de specii,gi$tc in toate tipurile de habitat, de lit pidurilc nordicediD Canada penA in de$erturile qi pidurilc Arncricii deSud. Ei s-au adaptal la coDdilii djlcrite - $obolanii pesc:lri,carc tiiesc langi leui !i lacurj, driar au degctclc prinscpe4ial pdntr-o pielile. Cei mai nulli dln;obolanli 5i$oarecii d Lumca Noud sulrt mici. Ce] maj nure,lobolanul uria; dc apd, mdsoard 30 cm. Principala lor hratdsnnt plantclc, dcti unii se hrinesc ti cu ifisecte

; rh! l r t ru ldr bnn'bxc d( t rDonn

$obolanul de bumbacde ArizonaSoholxniidc bumbac xpr

Vi{i Ii 2giLi, i$ar+cilci1lrioiriiltciryi iis Fn iaibil iilcgoalia dcnsl. Eiiri

df fporsi t l lJ t ! i+ui l t i+hiar ! rpi+slile ii po1 sii pcs.uiasciicrcvcti sl crrbi Fcmcla poarc sildanl t rc t r iu i l . r l2 pui lavatsla ilc doar l{ siplinlini

D!'uoirci J(n' fifi!i: riq,Dil,,

I ' .sl soDolanll-

consmicsc adilolorri subrRDcsau

'n copaci i sc hrlnrsc c{

insc+rc, dar{i cLr scninlc, DuoighDdc ?uiiinccp si !c

'r,nul!cas+i1dc la !iifs(ti d+ dor

iaprc slprlniini fchclclc potnase dc $!cvt oripo r1n pAnA hnotrtr pui odnii

Hamsterul comunHrrdscnrl t.iiiclLr intr{n adii])ost ]n csrc 8rc locun scporxlctsnlru sontr ii l'enlru prclizii.sc hf.ine{lc itr }fir.rpdl .u somirlc,grilunlc, ddianri, pllnrc vczi rilare dc iDscctc I'1 Eli$itll!+rjj.sGingc r{i rullai lMnli, pcrhl. o dcpozita pcnlru idnl DnrooloDbfi+ il lini in manic-apdlic, hr'nslc l libcBcdzi,t'czindu-tc din lmp in lirnppe ru r se hrinidin r.zctr'crc

HamstericartiffiHamsLer.. ai robohnii-cerl i ! i sun. ro... iLoare.Jre i l i sdpivi?dine. Hrmstcrii sc gascsc in Europa, O cntu1 Mjjlociu,l ini:n As.a CenLr-rl i . t- .u l" obra i pr..gi .nari. :n care isipo! c&a hruna Ia vizuini. Exisu doua gruprm de $obolani-cirtita: un grup include doui spccir africanc qi patru speciidc;obol.rni dc barnbus djn Asia dc Sud Es1. To,ti suntmandtori de plante. Celilalt grupiDcludc opl spccii, toatc dinAlirca. Cel mai aeobl$ntuitdiffie ei estc lobolarulaaftili practic lipsit de p;r,

MJr;'h.rr roryd l2-22rn:

R!flindirr: dLn crndi ir M$ .

@&Mirim.x: corpul :2.10 .n: cmdl

ft i:pnndinn, rn0l lu.pci

D.truD,ircr 6riinriricirr or.,.rrr

Mtrif,cN: corplrj.6 4ts un: cndr

Rliepindns: Asr.lc Sud t:srDenn'rrc* tuinllli{j: *ti;drDr $obolanul dc

bambus: Ac+sr sobolrn arcut1 $r! gftu,

fL.roal . scu e ocoan;scuft i!i rprostrr jirii pir Dinlij diD

Ib4i i sunt na, i r ipnrmici t l s ] lnrtulosrlr, idFrcun:L c'r *h.dL€le. lasipat lli tacc lizdna in xnfstri+rcde lehndlc dc bamhnii Rlidiicina

rinAncc $r alL. llnnre, scnnlc ti

+oDoranu oe

$ol2qlpni de mlaqtina.gerbiline, lemingi qif,oareci de cAmfExisti I1 specii dc iobolani de drla$tini in Alrica. Aceitia nutrilesc intotdealLna in apropierea apci sau in zonc nli$tinoase,dnl sunt toli buni inofdtori. Leningii pi goarecii de camp sunrrczitoare corpoLentc. carc idiesc in Amcrica de Nord lii innorlul Euolei $i el Asici. To{i se hrineso in pdncjF cLLpldutc $i tr:iiesc de obicci in gn$tlli fiari, numife cotonii.Existi aproxinutiv 120 dc specii, Gerbilidclc triiesc in Alricaiu ir ccntn si veslulAsici. Toate sutrt adaptate bjne Lasolrditii]c de deSefi !i lot sA triiasci cu foarrc pulini apE.Picioarclc lor lungi din spatc 1in coryul doparto de nisipul

lr.nh'irtr liinlilirj: ix,,,Jtr

@ mlaqtina ,' r ($r toDorln ar$ur urctiv r hliNqtc cu

scmirrtc, borbc, liisrarl ijierluri.Iutn,tdcscn n, ryi iidFr.e rutu.di . r r \ i \mtr

r lriiocs. cu ace {obolani.Dr obi.ei, \ifas !u Luib dinrn'zc,rrrNngrte dcasiDri

adiNslcsc nnr n viruilEabnndodLti de! rrlt aniLnal

$obolanul-cirtildgor a$Accst trlr+ rozit.r.iu 0 nod dcvi4i

'n!i iptupiar dc oliusccletol

i{c.it dc nl rff:nifefel.r Triiclte nrc.lotrii dc pitri! La 201l dc lrniftalc,c.ndusc dc. feDElE, nrnn: i r i

'cgLna,Icdrstd cslt sjrgura 6a.c vt

na$c l}ui Lucri|orji construjcscvrzuDr tr adunn haDi fenlnL rc$ulcolonrcr, +uD I ll liirtidini cirivtlnducriiton an g,,ilt fc rosnri

Lemingul norvegianLci'ingul DoFegiai cslc ocular zl!i noapl+. lrinindu-s+ cr iarb:i,lnMc t imutch.I imdi i isryntrtrrlrn pr in Tilrdil, penin Ialrn!+ l{ iocnrlc cr hlani.Lcmn gii nEp slz.nuldeinmdlir+ priheldm, lub zipadi tfor proiluce ii, ri,nfll !+diDiDi hopt gcneialii d..arc

'ase pni

DcDtrmiretr nii,tjrl.[: l.r,,,r

62

Cerbilul mareIlsl[de iir firn:llr enb d+lorrcui nd sll L i?s.i.irlxf \r inDc$tulCobL .n,c !.nL !r1+ lrtrd

N

Fl

'tr?iLn, L. dc fr!'nii$Ftat nl

$oarecele c1e poiani5ori..ctc !ii inritri rorLlr !ard 1r i l nr f i rns. lu! :L i . rcliroi, lni f rir.i!(li...ni iir.b:1, 1rNrirt{, ri.lilcixr ti ct!ldc cotxc \i.,.ci/i larprijlcpolcci f, nlic idb:.i, f. iro ltnn!4ir+. cnii{L !i-l ric. lisrpr3r'x1i srtr nrlFt lini Jc

+o0oLcnll l cellulltL,\.rcsi,s.htrLft +st. o lirulisario:tsii arr,e'rnrLrr. l-a Nmlo. oeNni orn!'dc 5 flL ftrs i"Lun. t1tti.\tc rri1"r{e scri.xzli rcctl i -{nnnircxftudc ndrFtntril, nirinc; licj lclft ltntri fr raincrc s.i !+i.tr. 1.1 riLflnl an::ir \rp: .dLc. . r r of l gci+i i i i l dn,

Y 17 1

Lumea vecneA-e,l x.r ' rru i " rpr ' .rape jL' Jc slc ' i 'onL-lr . tr el _

, lnr . ietc -n uno..ule5 r-rasl l d 'c rrul l . l r -c.Ror- or j t . .m .J i 'oD nul ccf i l r ' . |"crcc!Lc de

c j . r - . l . . . r t ' . . . I . r n. . p ' d 'Jondi l : 4t ' \ r r : i i 5chr 'n: ,ccr,-rur ' . \or ie. iLc. . r 'n- \1 - d in .cr ' l i i

lamilie sLtnl co|sidcrali lbarte diunitorr dc calfe

$obolani gi qoareci din

sallronolLir,

DrmD J{rJli jtrti lt i: l, ir4i

$gareccle depaoureSoxrcGLc d! tidu. cnc!md rtfo c{lc nraiobilnuitc ozir.m din l\lJrr Icsc sda lnlflrib+l lu dcq,h rliicnHl. coFa-(iln. il.n(ru a ciLrlx scmillrtNft L! !i liol,itD !'ilndalr)lLRjc tnid. obiucL ntc rPnL,t5inoilnbrju, '1nr Frlc si itt.'

!iirnri, dncii dista lrfrni iih

@@#sl i ln in!r r .D. l t r : ,5 rr

R;*parndir+r a.P: 1 J.i\Jr[DUD|t : ! ] n i i j i t ' ] ] r j ' l l :

Ri5oitrrlLhi On{aLr 1| 00iri

@@MMrrimtn lJrru N.li ri L+ril

nlLddi I lri i, l i l iri -lrJoii,r

lungi, Iolositc pcntru sirhlLli. Existl 49 de specii dc ,}.lorboa, in Alrlerica de Nord, cstul Europej 9i ,{sia.

H6rciogi qi jerboaExisti aproximativ 21 de spccii de hArciogi, carc biiesc iDAfrica. Europa qi lordul Asiei. Toaftra, ccl mai nullihrirciogi m;nenci mai mult, pentru a avea rezeNecolpor|lc dc grisiffe. IlibcrDcazA - adici idrnn dorrn . $ihilicsc din rezen'eLe dc grisime, trezjndu-sc lotu$i dincl d c. irrd. pe r u.r .c hl .r i f l i din hranr ocpoTir i . , lJerbon $ult rozitoarc lnici, cu mernbrc postefioate I

l-lirciogul de deqert.{ccs( hiircrog esle rcri! noo!!ca,cnnd lrn dc nLeci€ De nscDcnca,sc hrilllctl{.r pl{rte iiiicetrorLii nc Fhnl. penrru lun l+ dcLtuni ii, strpt o riuunii n, cn,! scxd;postalte ziu ii

'r csrc porlc si

sii libemeze Acc5t mzlro. iiosr desrop$ir ir 1938

Aceste anirnale foatte difefitcaparlin toate mioi l'amiLii aro;loaelor medii $i mari.lorcii spino$i sunt recunoscudimcdiat pfin spinii asculili circ 10 acopcrio pirtc din corp Si coada. Existi douifhrnilii: unn in Alrica Fi Asia, iar cealalti in America dcNord +i de Sud. Chinchilla qi cobaii sunt rozAloare caieilAicsc la sutrrafala solului, in Amcrica de Sld, Capibara

iieste de asemetea il1 ,{mcrica de Sud $i esLe singuruspecie.r l:idliLiei salc. Cclc 12 specii de hutia triicsc ininsuLcLc mmite Indjile de Vcst.

Marcle jerboa]\ft s'.?itor lioi se d.plascqillnn dE!.dI n silLnri pe pic otrclcdnr siDre. Noaflch. cl ciuri scrrthtc

ti 0scarc, !c (are le giscircffcciind pdtr trisijt glr+llrcl.h, mi de laliqj$erclL diD

D.nunir.x lriinfinci: nLt( iqjy

ChinchillaCu oclii lui inorj, Mchilc lmgiricr)a{ta slufoasS, ohiroltilh st€ urad'Flltuhos. liiiesE n, caloriidc poste 100 de indiqzl t s lii-ncgc cu lloDte De obi.cr. 1n6niD+iiridicdpc Fici.lEle din spr!:, liLilldLlrinr cu labcl+.Icmclclc s0rDalnar dccir bl.bltii. Se nnnul!$cianr, ciind i'roduc doui gcn.ndidc pani la $llscpd fie. e.

Porci lepogi, chinchilla,t ' ' r ?t '

cooal- caDlDara;i hutia t.d .' *

7;

]rifihrld: qrDul i 3 t cmr coxni

Rrs indiftr: .\sirfenrr:

Drnun i!ariiinlifiri &Lri,,,,{r/it/!lsir;i'

i iri 'uor loo :2.33 m: cmdn

llisPindinr ionrlr i{L lui clil.D.nr:iru rritntinci: airr.r ,'

64

Porcul fepos cucreastdTclii de t. sFtdc poi@tui lcp oscu cEafi ajuig piDi h :10 cmluginc Dftii $c a|ncnjrFrt ataci+u spalcLc, inFPanit irrmic(lcuad6lrtcpi, crrE r tot dcsprindeAcrst porc ppos s4 l{ji,bosrelretu lnttu !iai..i, dii +arc iesetroryrea, pcnku a se hrnni

?orcul lepos decopaciCoDul sctslui pdn ktrlos cslo aco|d t@ slm s.u41!L gr0\' Ara o c0diipn }|.Dsili, care !c hu rcl i t])e. ialifl p&rte sri prin'lli lucruril+, actio-n8nd o m DEnbru suDlinmtar l)cobiccj se hrnLcsc floalrcd 0,lhnk, ruldni dq plmle rj iuclc

EsIe acrivzi r, ilrnoftpted scadipon.gc iDtu-o viz!id srnl'11r o cr4,ilurii jD stidci Dinnitiiicire, ui nn animrl'+r,penm +i esle r.Anar d€Dan8nsrcle ti .riinfi iDtuodurji itrIDitiik dc vcn de oirr. om_

cobiitrl

Hutia

1ft0c1. !, ftici re|1ilc. Esteun bu cilirilrr ii po,rlc siidaut hrrDn ti ln coFci

Cobaiul

N[rid+i: Noqrl ]0-50.r;.uda

Rispttrdi.ri: crrr b6: BiLDiiA

doar ulcchilc, ochf $i n:idl€Minnr+[ n1 Drirc ipal p]ante.

nrclusiv rcy.rice, ticslc deobicd acl;r in zoii !iin anuig

CoLraiul silbadr.rc utr co&inncsr! pl+iaara scufl+ tl nrc{liIlior- Triicitc in glq)n' fatuiliile,cars setrrutu lehInt alrodrc. ocolonic dc piiri l*40 dc t:mili . inzofiSl Ia dl'us, ics dir ddiipostuotcntnri se ha|li cu iarbii rilhn?+

Capibarallsrc cel rnai natu rozitor edsmr.Ae ur1.oi?lukmic t iun crpruLr. r{r I'clrc{e m cptfr{itunl]ulli ir r])i, ti ind crF.r in

inot $ sdtundtrd. A.e dc-

D.rt!dnl iliiDliliii: /])iri

[Ihim.r:.olirt30 6l cn! c03!r

R6piidira: Bollv L Bft zilir,

DeuEi4r Jtiitr!in.i: c'.aJ.( s@eMn'nN(.ol}ul . l , l n:rosdr r !a i !Rlirpntrdirci: din P trDit tii'ii irL.'1!1

Drnunini Jriitrtifi .i: /rrd?.ircnc

Iliirinr!: colptrt 20-ro.mi coxdr

liispinJrrc. din l,.r Fsii nr

D{u'nir.i *ijn dn.i: .n'rn

1$:

De ce au zebrele dunqi?rngilc zeblei, cocoaSn ciLnii lei, ..u:rdirr" rlec:rpLrJ pcgtelui pescar nlunii ..dritcl l l d(. n1t: '

afrl) i[c ca ]ri l tc l iunze ale uLtci rnsuctcr plrr.sii f ictfnsirtrri c\tlaorclinare. dar totLc ltccslclr iltc clr

rrr l la

*., lfrt lnlclc sil loati sqfat ictui rlai bine in rrr-cliLLl lor.' ' r\ccstc trisalturi sc rrrLucso ..dc adlplarr";i inclutl

. dcsen,.'5i crlori spr:cil icc, cunoscutc srrb nLnrrrLt de. . . t r . l l r i ,crrrc 1 r : r r i . r ' r r r . r ' ' r i u. . . :cr ' - ' r l .

, t . . : r r - . .1- . t , . is : rurJr p:rr ' ; r l , r r r l . r . : ' . . . r r - i r r -. " i , lrnirnalclc si tr l iasci ' in colrl i ,t l i cl lr 'crnc cunr,,.{.:r al f l dcscrlLr:-i l icrbinlt sul t i lrr l l f i l . polrfL-.. I, inchctxtc.

\ : ,

r \ : , , r r i r r rL: i .d,

r : \ .1: ! , Lr i i l - i l . , rf r , i : : : : r r l rhr ' r r r . f

ir6

Dugil{ tipilDtud rtbL rinognnlr,cbEi dn sunt pedru .2nun rj jdcoaEe rni'nald !e lede loorrc u$orpre sa{aft afH.dnit Dr.aEo. ndJrtultclior duli.:lc drlerit dc l, unujm! Laaltul,ex!.rLii ced c[ etcljul1 ebletc r,.6r iecu$aici proldrhnihe. A.orld f&. si s. rdunclopRrri 9i$ lic in !igunnti farit de

pizii. Alll pciri vid su q,ftrcecaze dai:i cdE clhYa do'tLaidt Dnodl dc rwe ii Jcachide8@ uri.{iqi \j ioslrhe pJada.

s?

PdsdrilePAsdrile sltnt printre cele t 6i de succes viellitoaredin lumea animald. Ele au ctlce t serul, pdmAntulSi apa, Se gdsesc peste tot pe PdmAnL inclurih) pe

piimdntul inghelat al Antarcticii g[ pe cele maiindepdrtate insule. Trii.esc la ahitudini mai

na de 8.000 m in llimalaia si la 10 m sub nivelulmdrii, tn jurul Md{ii Moat te.

Exisfi dpraximati\j 9.004 de specii tliJbrite depdsdri, de la miuusculele pdsdri colibri, in greulatede doar xdleva grame, pdnd la uriasii vulturi Si larapizii struli. in ciuda deosebirilor dintre ele, tc,ate

depun oud. Le-ar Ji imposibil sd-Si care puiul incorpul lo4 ca mamiferele, pentru cd ar deveni preagrele ca sd mai zboare. Puii pdsdrilor sunt protejalimai inldi de rcaja tare a oului, care este de obice[

lixutd caldi - sau incubatd - de cdtre pirihli, t]Itr-ukcuib. Perioada de incubalie - adici timpul in care

pttiul tcJte in ou, pdni cdnd ii : pa,ge -naju -variazd de la 10 l2 zile pentru pisirile hici, cutrx

arli pdnfiru.tii, pAnd h E4 de zile la albah'osi

-{*iti Dcsciruti zbnaii nlldgLrl Lnsnlelof drn Cualul

iuine{n, PAihlc dc roNn, dands.tii!ut, tu slr! piei hnhamp nr trpi, dudeFbd de mareDenm cer nd DrB !R.c rhrmei lor Pesoinlii sunl

r6ele d€ I escun i i+i nu

69

Ce este o pasdre?O pasire obi$nuitli are un corp puternic, dar u$ot douiipicioare pi o pereche dc adpi. Aripile sunt, de fapt,picioarele dirr fa1d, modificate. Totlte pisfuilc sunt acopetitecu ilenc. Sunt singurele animale carc au pene. Penele suntflcute din keratin[, o proteiM din carc sunt ficuii $i so]ziireptiielor'gi pdrul;i unghiiLe oanrenilor gi ale altot mamifere.

I

r\dFil! uaci t*sl$ iu .L,istun

ltil:rffiTii: IiLe loNrlor ri vrlLu Colitrri! L rrr .nn-:enorl , ,nsJpr l*s.o* I

r er riccnrlrn ti dc aer Rii{dtri'

nf,l';'l:; :# {trlc. d! (einrLrr!c.r. ${int

t:]|:lffi1ii.ili' =lr.\dtrllr Airlilc pisa-

V[lh,r

illflii"':;il"ji ildln nrldi .F+zr

Toate tipurilc deplcloarePiislirrl+ carc stru pc crcnAr, cum:1i cionlc, !u c\ Io{1i lrcronrc fltDrlLLr 4ce:le. Lrci in ld!;l riuntrl i"ilit.. rNrrlL m{hc cum rr lic4r'nu[nu! au p]( $ir. .f 6descrLlj unirc. P \ o'ul .u ddorLdr lLrc al stnrr iLr i Alsrc Nrr !'r tr$uu nl+ry{r':. 'ra, dcAGle ti dr(Jrclcrur, ntr-c rLe v{kMUltri suxt tolo}

pdsirilorIrtiuD putcr c wl(ur,

col?ulti .cr, ri. pcn.lccoziiilajut! sa lifcz{ ir

Gh€rclc i)ulcncc ut

onfa, pc carc l to i . un,pc in b!c6l ,:u ci.dLliDcovoirr Torlt lEsildl.

Shcrfc. ih fo c porrlitc

Anatomra

Un ptrr de t6iir€.rc|tc in inl.iio rnuiotr-Gilbenurul cstu s!6t hiCe hnni, irskaldil+ de rlbN iL lNreiee'i dc hilllrilbn\1e $ de sclirlbi:itc d. lenperituri

Ciocurile

ryilil

lia rndLc FJs L, 1!

clrcg Duna, sprry nuc'

,Lff iisemnrl+ l.lri ristiLsiet' c,unca. cio ile iu ronrc, d ierr r , in tun. ! , ! de h,art rF\ . i r i Cio.ur lc as!u!1c. , , . r l

U dc n scsihr $u i{$lc ptnr'L'pdLrd€sa ins+clclor, in rn!! c'i

f i . i ' i te. l r praJi rxm ir n i t r l t ' t r ' i . i Iciocui n..i fi incovornle PapagnLjr nu

;io.ur'lurcmrce. pLnkd spa, gder nlarorr"r fa$r + Ld nihL {Fci, curn ar tl uui(fur(ldc reu, j'i {olos.s. clocule lusi p..nru l|sotr& risipnl in cintarce dc iiicilieiili-CLoctrl tucanulur ii!smhe si! rjurgi 1!bobitclc de la Lrn.gin+a rdfluilor sl4bti,crrc nu Far sLlpoda gculalca c.lemai unrLrc nlc tblosesc ciocorlc lofLlte l1.nttu +ulcgct€ ie$urilordcl! mahuil. apclor, ca iipettr{ anilura millL dupi rcnfllc, rEno ccciocul lLrng al clinDdrilor csrc adrytato(n!r! rr rdcrcr F$tloc Pisrnl+ +ohbl \i. " t nCi . ,** ' . unr, t sulnr i n l f lon. r ! snajugi la ncdatul dnlcc diDliLintru lar.,!c{Lmic ii pu|(mi,i al cinr.z€lofcst! Pcrlbalproicclal IJ+rt{ e$rmrarc! seminldor car:

PeneP(neeIr . f l racslor- . , i l r - - r - . , t rodi , ' ' Pi . i la 'Elc sunr bnn. nol.roarc nntolfin liinhtluiii ufteon t, arFi L€ n. lL i / .1 : ( (o ot? st d rJ nc $cci i - 'cun |rl I lt]ollumeh sn pr tuI, fljud la arngr.! pcre}i L

Cr"tu,m? r , ! L r . . .p( . r ' r d_'bn( tccdzbo riceledlccozii. toptrl+s!c acopoli au leDc dL00,Lir!, ir! FLrd9 infsioxLe smt n.i .lildumas

I t

Pdsdri de vdn5toaregr pasdn terestre'l\.Tu todte pisarile sunt bunc zburirorye. J'Iuhe iliI \ petret cra mai mrrc parie N t impului ia sol. undcscormonesc dupi hrani. Unele dintre c€le maiintcrcsanta pisiri terestre sunt pisirile alergitoare, ungrup care include shuliil nandl {i cmu, Nici una dintrea.este pisiri nu poatc zbur*, Au 4ripi, sar sutrt lreamici pentru a fi lolosite lN zboL Pisiirile alcrgiitoare$unt pa$nice, se hrinesc cu semintc, frunze $i tulpinide plante, Di pis.irile de vanltoarc i$i pettec cea maimrrc partc r timp[lui li sol, daf la nevoie pot sizbo{rc ti llo{ptc:r urci adesea| in copaci.

rasan oe vanatoareAcest grup mare $i variat are mai mult de 260 de spccii,care inchd fazanii, ooco$u.l de muntc, paunii. Ccle maiDulte aLL corpuri roturdc $ picioafe scurte +i puternice.Excmplul tipic cstc pdunuL domestic. Se numesc ,,devCnatoarc" pcntru di anumite specii, cum ar fi coco$ul dernunte gi fazanii, au fost mnll timp vanate in unele p54iale lufiii, atdt pefltru dishactie, dlt $i pentru hr.!na.Fazanii $i alte pisiri scurmi cu ghearele picioarelor Iorputeflice dupA seninte $i bobile. De obicei i$i fac pe

pimlnt cuibuli simpLc.

PtarmiganVtrx. phrmigxnul rrc pcn+ b:i]!lft.

'narooir ri ccnuii. Iamq

Faulgan! I n6pe.lorl€ riiioE.\ot c.'tc dc un slb !ur, N ex+et!i!cclorde la coadi Acelsd lain!rilbi dc idli il dL'li si sc

Pdunul de CongoA.usli tasiiE Iimidii ti nL-iili il€ile alai de asflnsi inadttcuril') junglci, incir oaneuii de

alla i,r 1916. Chjar$i

D.nrsirh t inlinrn: t(s.r(r

@DM,idnci riffitrlnl t,? m flr

li[s|)indir.r: Irdir, Sri L{DklDenrmiar jiiinliilci: /'tr!rtulirih!!.olPtr| 60-70 on

Rn\tindinx: ^f..1,

bsi,rl

DcNft ncr irjinlifi rl:,1rnl&d

'77

UtritD.i!Birs lliiiri[cr: c/]!rrd4

Prepelila californianiPrQ.ll! c.lifcnnnil sc dcpliscazllI s brnrg nr En,fu MineftiIru"rze, bobilc, seminle !iuncl+ilsctc $i mlsculul I ttnrcla ru.

laoi rcobLiNxn h ddp, dard.rrn$cL'lL'larc tc tili inarcajo rllr

Plunul indirn

t ' .pelha l i funirni

R!{rrtr.rnei cl;i6 A,i do strf EjDontrni'LB niinlincii: Iqrr]ar

Giina rogietlabiGrLrl ln!0flI al rcc$r+rfnnoxsc tils:l.i csrc pidtrrcaid..lroi1n dc trn tc iudscul1rlics+ irr cvidcrlil si cs1e foa ccolornl, nr rnnt cc lcmcln nrclJ+n+ Dar+nii. La inc+pltulrzoruhLi dc iDtc,ccl'crc,miscul l iacc cuflc fc +lcL pftrp+nxjtrl luistrikrcrtor Eld*Fuc lrciliinii h tis. ouii6iiM roiic

'niiDrircii sdhitrlc,

mtrgui, frnnzc, fru.rc !i nLcdc

LOCO$UI Oe luflgrr!stc strirho$nL g:iulordoneni(c- lcmch.sr. miiinici dc.il mnsoulul, caF cstocolorar [a src tcnc

'nr|on]r ii

bcj. Sc dcplscazi ii gru]turidcca 50 dcS{siii, ciut{ndg lLrnlc, lcni'tc inscdc insczorul dc nnFrcclicr., 1.ric laiti srp! un cuib puin adarc. pcct l inconjoad c! ilrzc lladepurc cinci pnnn h i:sD o![

MrsN h'l FiiunulL, i iddian (liunulobirn{h) cstc lnn Jinrrc ccle rnaiu€ifie triNid. Ar. p0ic colotutc,$rnena lui slLlLucitorr.,!rcsirrdlicu,pclti" se podc tisiin tinddictum coa dcsub.i Curccasti lrcna ridi{aLa, nuscu]!lduri si trrrasl fdnclclc, cerc sunrnuhmipnln +c+laculoasc.Acastea !u pcnc rnirotiitlvcr?i!io cft6li micl1. h silbiiticic,

piun n hriin{qc (r sirn Lu,rorle. f.mze Ji ,a(,r -,1 L

losi nlrodqini l]ar iii

@srfilinMr drlsnLu .:6-11, 1

DsnumirH lrii,,tin|il: P/n,irn B!

Rlspt&nqrr ^q

xd+trld lilrD!n!mirrx rliillifrril r 6dffF

Gaina mare depreefleaii ik de l)re'ic s+ hrhcsc inffi'rcipl cn frun7c. t uclc !icriurle vlra pDld si Lllsccrc, inspcciol Liiclsrc. In sczonnL do

'flpcrcclcr., n,isoulii al.ag

fcn+lctc p n unfl"rea gqjilor lorporrocaliisi ,ldic!rc! crcnclor lnti$pbL ,iruaiuiui, rlt slrigalcFituvitosfs ii lrrl din pisioxrcIrcincl.L. rlqrlr ! 0-11 ouii.

Cocogul negru demunte

in grup, Fcdrr r rlrago fcftclcL{ inficcri! dimnrcatr, ci se rdnni nnEw1.. sPe.ial ii drnFdz6, shgn !iiticlolc afnu*oasdc co21in ftF xu{ici(cr lbmrl! d lcnclc FcmcL.lcsc nry+,l.huazll cn oci'!ri bu

Pi ' 5t nd, r r \ l l i r \c.ur imdrrs

rsrftin:ilorr{ {tr c{fcitruL, csl+ ccand nd. di,r frmilia grlimccdorIafna sc hrllnc$c tnlridaipal cua+c $i cr $cr nF dcFin. \iin. di+(alui s. scLlrnb.l Milninc! frun2clc,tubnrilu )i fn,rlclc nnorrlan. dcpidm. sun Nr fL mcrhorulii.LfimlL.

CurcanulC rcanrlJilbadc {rc un c.$ rnaiufo,, mri Nph, l piciorrclc nliilungr d.c.it alc cuEanuhtr

s';:i$r':;ililii':,1it

- Cocoqul demunle vesflcAccasliL pa\liLc Ln4nnicli,

don)asrc. Picl:l dcpl +ap {j ilc !cglt c liFiti dc pcn. Porlc zbun l}c

dLsidil+ sc!(c, dar dca mdnlc l}a|rc ? l,rur.cj F;ogiscitc la sol MilrilciscDrinle, sl{n+ i iruclc ii

td, idc i n ic iucl l t , { r

Rrrr|]ridifth: SFrrL+ Lnnr Y.xEDrtrun rer $jilrjlicir M.l.clritr

@@ftii\di i' er ronfi t !l ropr

^ ;!],(sM

Rirpli lft!: ilmrirr d.i"orJ

Pdsdri care trdiesc la solPlsiirile cu picioarc lungi, bunc alelgiloarc, ca $lrutii,casutuij $i emu, hiiesc in savaite uscatc sau ilr delcrhrrj.ELc nu pot zbura 5i adesed lrcbnie $i oiiHtoreascE mullpenl4L a-si gisi hrana. Dc aceen. purtru ele vitcza dealergan esle rmpoltantd. $i pcntru a scapadr anrerintili se bazeazd pe alergare Pelergii cli nu pol si zboare. kiwi au picioa{e malscnrte $i rrrerg mai incel la sol. in acelali gnrpsunt inchse $i pesEri care triicsc la livclulsolnlui din aLtc familii, cum ar fi curcaiul braziliaq.ra-nro-. drol ia. 5i a r lc " j* '1 loarc ircnsrelesiirj pot zburiL dar i$i pehec ccl majmare timp h nivelul solului.

Pasi.rea-pavilionvioletMa{culLn pisrrii-|NililD consftrrctle nn .jl18lrLrotr'n1 dric]!ij alrdgc i+nc1. Pavi|onuL esl.co.sr(xt dnr Lcnsorrc ti dccoLficr fi!+tc si bobjE liu col0rr+Dxcl o fch+li sc apropic, iniecnlnl dan!c!zi! ir,.!arLlior",

f i l t : rd din Mi l i t

Rirpindiirr lqhl ArLnlhd

Kiwi maroniuC( x.lulorul croc{ltri ciimsLbn.!Nlirca k1s.i mroric s.ndcllzisolul dntii iiI.ct.. vic,D, i,tiuctc cizrLc -\timrul i ruzultbaitc boc ! ajnti rt.tigGRscii hnra. Cn $j dl! lisljikiDi. ri rccNta ac pisiri

CurcanulDlazllla mare

brinn, cuo ar lj fnr.l+ filrtrnzc,l i sol , darcu,I ! l i luc jD c.pa. lD$i estc inpcdcol, Mi :nuxfugc dc. ir u bonrii lvla\cu[Ll rrcud srig ptrtohlc. bubliror

RtsDrindirea: rrtu Mexic pint

llcntrmir$ ttjinljlici: Cml

It pchccc ccr mli nrarc parr. rli'TIUIL'ila s0l, utulc mineDciIi!'cE, rcnll}l+ ri jLseclc. Fcrncl+lcde|rni liit Ia 12 od d+ culoar.vud+-albNtru sru {ii}lc! SunluDclc di rc cde nui lr{noNeou! din lumeatisinlo.

mrn!s{uh, dscunsc sub lonrjL,lrscn:in:ilor cu o bh i.

Ri+indj' ri: Nou/ zrclr LiiD!nun:i4. nirnIfi {i r2!sl}r

Tinamou marerriii.sh in jLlt8tdc dcsc.Accarli pasAc poarc zbn, a, daL in

rd csic sriing*cc $r inceriiL. Dncil

-11 i t p(r r !1, Inni( l t r gr- _

ncral fthrtcrt. bolindu'$ ir!cul.rrer nlil odr pontu{icundcn.

T5

lri4li!1ti(!: nsi3 c06xr j:

Lrmumn.a ttii!ljticr: rrr, taPt.r

Glinulndc ni\l'

Dropia mareDtut,r m c cslc nn{ dl rc

dcb nni grLLc Piiliri zhurit al.din lLric Un nate'L ntrc Poat+si ajLu4li ti 18 kg, dar (+l lodczbu'a. i_cmclctc sLni mnlrmai Dici

p:iii In 5 kg . r' tru ou idvtnl'Dropi Lc so dcplxsoxzd i cird rl,.itr fid tlrntu, saNDlc ir nsccrc

Gdinuqa de nisipPallasI'llrculul r-b.nii ndcsca ticdisla'1|+ lungi Fcnm 1 gisi rrpi

])enl.u prii 1 Elarc]leab{onen }onc stc.ial+, {arclbso$ {Frl +a nitlc bi.cli o

i , , r p(ncrc,

Casuarrrl comunCasurul coinun liiicic ln Piduilctirtiical.. N! l).are rburi, n'omciii de rLir46 cred ci iq1!oa1efollrsi mrLeo cxscii asoasi d. Pcvirful cqrnlui, p.nl a tL Liindru!1l|if tufituri, ir cinLnrclfnrcLclor.izurc. VnfnLii rif.ncldc mrli lrt ial, drf0tndDlesnnl pulirr mxi mnri 5i at nn!.1!imri l iu. . lorr t . n! t . 'oaf t c iL 'cnd. Ftr|crtrL.., f{ dcgcE tlrrtcascu(il{, exle tor fL folo{it. !r ci

:11r

H

EmuEmn csrc.ca dLi-a d.rd Pesir+ camidrc din lurnc. Ca ti sL.u1t!l nupo$c zburi.l]ugc c{ !'tczc rc

tii$ Ia 4li knth !* PicjorJclc lulhuui ii+suliL tuana l}nr !n!tu|tulL+trilof din r\lstnlia Hranaprincitdi cotrsli d'n lil]cle. boRbe

tr i$se{tc, dal l}orlt narcn t'irbni i rLLc plante f+mcla

depdc ?- l0 tuA, !c calc lc

Ri!Fndi'u: l'liu. lhrc!

D.numn.tr iin!iac[: l]rir ritr4

Rrisp.i nd irox: dllrE.pi'lLilo

T6

. . ;Etuarelealergdtol

Elir

|)lrcxr.c l).xr. zbur!. dar nr ohNN d{j ANr,Lslri pirsilru rncni dd ns..t d. Ln $:rrrlxll$lltui, {a t oiLiih rLlofl)risir , scricnrtFplirL. \i cl)ur rdli rorii

ItisptDdt.x, nnL rnu sh..l+

trrrb_)enemit cuplcroarc

ro$11

Pasirca-nnocor de sl

l . Sc

ducl

( n. l i ls { i0n! rb. t r iftrrn Bf, du lrgc

rctcic ca * uPc dc- Iu icolc. O,roirii toli'l+

t! tr.l)i crr .io.Lrl ci is.Lrlit Sclr inc\ lc r i . r i .miLi lc,

irrLnr .oltic FcnrcLa(L.f!rc dotri sa! tr.i .uli. Ic

cur pn0.|cr lu elooc$t. pc r'ir(1,

StnLtul americanC{ ,,ri ,:r,. t1i.! d iA ro rl dr srd. ,i*i al.i.gitfrde, m

'r,l)oitr 7b!.i llc

. t r : .c, I i ,cn ni gnLt! : . dc

trllti! [ ]0 il! !r d h rtriordr.lo ropx,J!cri., mscrlii scin|crccllcxi rn Dai nrnllot iDoLr I l rscuL cons(rrrc!rcun cfil iiul::r klib. n: piiDrtrlotrliL. s( rr {LcNilr !r riDd

JrxIulSL(L!(L , !+r , i i r l mc lFir .rcLu! l i . crcprci nr i . i r 8. iLcr si zbrut. I'r r{lrtrriJ, ritnl.r+ir rcprfc !i port. siajLn,li la ril.zc ir l0 knJh.SltrLlii s. Irijn+! rx plurlr ris.Lni',1.,.]d 1,:i, ti Dicir{ptjlc, Oriilr (ir rLft4 sunt ccl{n,xi nL. di,r lurc, LIul

njioriDll 'r

lft:ir, d. srt

''!7

' f rv v 'rasafl otn apropterea. lapelor, pasdri acvatice,cocorl, pasan mallneJn t i in iurul apclor t r . i j r (c f l ur j jsa rar ictere d(lp i .nr i , Pi \ i r i lcde pc l ing, dpe. curn ar f i Uuicr : r r i i ,ploierii Si jaqan,r. i$i pctr.cc timpul viclile pc

Accrstli pasirr coDrmai Iri c!lcllinLlpo de .d* (rI de atn Sciur'rll+i;te nr 2onc dlitrin.drc,z.rc nnndrhil., !sru.tu lns.clr$n( tntru}rid ]!i lri . dnir,tuiir+i ri rhc \j+fuiroxrc nri0icrmrr i i . ,nbr t ntL. i i . I r .Fuouiil+ intf-urr cuib il+ D.ltudi

- Zffi -" t'tui' rr

G'i*W*)

t i, i &t* * , , ' , I f , d"

! ' .

Fluierarul roqu

(cEi

coartele mirilor; s4u pc malul lacurilor ii IfAurilor. Pisirile acyaticc, cum ar fi billanii, i l1iflnn ngo $i rxt|}le, stru mRi multin xpi +i i 'i:ltmulte dintre ele suDt cxcelente inotitoarc. ; , ,Laru le, bil(ile, rlurile g mlatiinile i

'furnircd, ' : i din pl in pldnrc f i nnimrje. i rr ! , . . ,

fcp;) ; r i l r pot * f t cui l , i r ! . !c i in regcrxr ia dc pe j r : . .mnl. Pisir i lc marine depind de occan prntrua sc hrini. Nllulte di trc ete pot si inoate 9i sAse srufundc perlect.

Pdsari din apropiereaapelorC.[,m.rrD:rrhepl i r i .0r i r r t . . r r ic i . r r r rneJir .oc :cci mai rr ici l loicd. de doff l5 cm. pani ln ploicri i mnricare inisoari aproepe 60 crn in lungirne. Do obicei,Fisirile din prcajma alelor sc hfinesc pe uscal li celgqr ulte sunl bunc alerg:lloarc. Ciocuiile lor au diverselungirni, pentru sordarca la diferile adincinri a fitalului.in clutaret hrdnci. Toete $unL Llu[c zburitoare $i mnltenrigrcazii in llecare an inbc locnrile in carc sc hrl esc iar l - . | | f l rdr inm l t , d.r r r ' ! . .pr--n. , \e- . . i .Lcr i

Cul:Cul i r r

lc

rli

tors)ll

t l

is irrr

t)f

)ci

h

toir l

, l

utcL

I

Ploieml auriu americanIrloicNl Ndu cijrrj cadpjon la higralii i'cfisrantli inarc S. irr L+tu ni tuxdriifcftn,t A rcriciide Nofd DlFt

-it{nc+cr, zno{d al)Ioxifi llil

S. lril eild I'i FinciprlrnRrnDrindir.ir N.ai,tAmr. i cBN.,r {!::i Ji rnricr d! s! ir:ru]D$trmimr tiinr! fi rii: irrurrrrl

Rrclii[tiLH tn sni Asil

Jaqana

pisirii D.gcLclc ti

Nagalul

ffopcrc crL ele o a.Lc nre lccnsloli])crnile sii rrluc pe suprdrclrrnslabile. sun ir li fnDc

Pescuitoml de stridiip{sluirnflt de scidli i,c un cLo4lung tr flnt,Ic cnrc-l lolosott.

renrrn adnc. h Fnn scoicito dirfc

nrgi!'lnlninci

s1anci !i !snlnL a d.!chidecocliliilc 1ar al. ac.stotaMar,anci ij iBscc{c ir vrcmr dc

PBcnirorul dgsi.idiicomun

Ploientl mareescl.ri mosP. lNnurjj ln ll*caru in sl.lL! iincnjc de lloidi,nitrl11lgEn din {nnd,a mrtlra

Faii nr Anrdci dc Sud, locjn carc \ip.kc.can lun t d.

. iami. Afizi, spccia clLcaprolp. dispinriri, din.duzaaihllorii. Ilni cxisri purilcexcnplerc. ir vnnnfca I

csre iul+rzisi, dr sr !, ohlilP(a idrzu Pcnfd sxLvaft!ploier uitlare.sch,mo!.

@e@M@

Rirlindntri l;u i03. Asr ,

Rildtrdira: rudul Srft iL

Cocogul depddure arue ricanD{si csle dc fap! nn lip deflu.nr, cocotLn ansioariri

Icflc.e bri rl! I mtnrirl+rionLl ns.dulu L dccir dtcp6sii dir apLnlictcd irctoxSc I|inettc ilr Finqital cnr:imc- pc cafe le gilcttc tnnsonddta soltrlui{tr ciocul lui

lurg.l(mclcle \ilac criJu il€{r[ coF.jMuiul] ri $i dql$

RIlp iLnd irs: ,\mn.t tl! lr.rdDrnunrrci niin!in.[: $r]rirar

Cocolnl LI nnrn. amcrirrt

Rirtindii$: q{nPL :D r+ri

Pasdri acvatice 9i cocortPhsiiile acvaticc ca egfelele, sdrcii $i flamingo sunt loalc

oi5;fl r..t . cu g.irur l p ciorrc r.r qi (^ind {c hi;n-'c';c . rrr 'r tr-cioire in 'p5 ujndu 1. n'ara c_ c'u' 'r [rr.-ro, .. . , ," i"

" 1'

_.beoclc lnort r in ap rn cautrrci ' hrrnci

rar -nul,- ,n-n, sc i(urr']('J s b i,pa C.le mdi _lullc '_ Lr

picioalc ptl|cmicc li cll dcgetclc unltc, Pentu a putea

inota binc. AItc pisrLri carc se gesesc in apelc dulci stull

cocorii. corcodcii si cufundarii. Codorii sunt pisdn cu

p.-.odre ,J. lgi crrc ." pl nqi prrn rpc p_rirr ' roancr 'in

". 'u.nr", .rn' .a' . Lrf-r ' ldt i $ico_co(lc i 'ue inoat!

rnpid, se hr.inesc in princilal cu pc$te, pc cate I utmdresc

si-l prind sub api cu ciocuiilc lor asculltc

Lcbdda de fundriiAc sd! lcbidi dqNne.ui]lc ir isi.leitc pnii in londu arcrrcaTouna, 4oari slfe {Ld.nnorcendn sc dc obLccL inaccliNi l.c n1 Ic+Mc n

hEneglc cu PlaDtclc din

Gisca de Canadalclr!r gr rl 5+ iDflnLN$c jn n!r!rrr^r.nr rL i!tui?i 5Ir( sud rslr lc folos+s( irL l!cL,rc rr Jcc.J?lrurii ti arL l+tdinla si sc inF cipcntru (!r.duc{. in lacl in c4.s N nlistu1.llsmcln dcFunc camcinc ouli nrttrnn.uib Pnlri adiincsiFt irl fimi.t Pcrcch.r +r strlid[i.r, ji vNmc cc * cLoccircouilic, amp dc 2!10 d+ zilc Giscr

Ibisul luctosFtuno l ibis lncios +stc ccr nu,rhslandn mcnbru al fndnici shTriic$1c r'n juixl laqldlor Ei a]zonclor nli5tnDisc, codstinanfinsccro !ivis!!i acrnticc, Lrt t.r+ l+NLccc dnl niftol cu lungulluirioc:tbnnL lNios sc inn{ltc$o i'reotoni i , caic uncor i N ni i dc

D:siri fc'ncLa dclluno l'c1s{u;dlflLoui, i Fun.uib i:ruLi.tr un;opac $n printc trcslii Anbri .liri icloc.lc olilc $r on gnja dc

R;ir|}tnaii{ir ^Lnci+x

ccDtrri

{nicr,llu,oF, Ar i. A$'xlrsir

Rata MallardR4fi MaLlard cslc s!.6moa!r.clofmai Diull+ trtc dofl+sticc A fosl

inlrodusri in Ausr.tLia 5i No!.Zccl.ndi tilo&t. sli kiirsci $iirr

Ircuril+ din Tonclc uftucMiurinci tl.a!c. ca |r insoct i

fs'g

R[50 tndirit: .s$f*a mrdd

Denrmnla ltiinlilici l&r

Aisv\f /RIl}Andi4r: ,\mlri.rd.10rl

Dlni{rieel $iniritrc[: c]:iNLJ

@B@I{j1J ttrdiP! amni{rtiDdilfiodrll ltr EusF! !ifiori ,l..LrnJr

D{i lsiN 9riin1ifi.lr !r?ir.

ttil

Pasdrca SoareluiIn FuLo3di rlD i,i,t. c.r,e€,Iiasirr $d!!uii!i dcsftc+ arr!rlcI d{dann cozii }i ilL prcziitl!r clcrn colorrle liip.l(cc c,)dmaamm tare aYiclii laulilnd inr:!eh!Fliri adiri lF.de !i:.r1i,N car hfdr:de dL croiuL sllu

Corcodelul rnare cucleastaAscrsri fxsiri firx)+nsi NL7,bo!ri )rcn rd.i3a j: :r€oirst. ln7uli f. lsiit, nrlde s.nitcl sdngacl lirine dcnrpr.clL*c Flarlc i! xicLcgair ftns nuflill fc rti lf

hdtuldar lu l l i i tL. l r . lncilrcl.l+ ii itL ja..iiou uNl

lhuir htr.E_tlc i€ l.mr

Rata-mandarinC{lon'r ftiirncndenr esre (e4nl iacnvi in 7.d t i Lr rp: : \ ,oilnd $ hrai+itc cn setrrrle.shindii ri$rc7,.! ti cr irte.tc,

mcl., I tcilor re.ecLr'1.' r;uti nnlrcnni xn {l|pri an

cd!{l'jxc, tolosirdN s.

irDdc lrLclNlt ca n ttc

il

<l

ni5piindim: i n ! tl., l !tx dlt

l)! ! rjn !ti itrl i l ir i i i ir$j

Cocorulc0munCsc.oul conn cslc

f** ,'=.**-**-li ,Sl

Lilila

lcrc, 4Lccindujc, l: cindicrco$. aru.c :u lcrccip micr rbi.ne co i Nooih. lc l3 s. t srL: Dc i rpcLi

Li$ital'r\in1lioric. hiii 1r;1r+it. irl

lrirDindini Er$pr, AsiiDrn omirci r!inr![.i I Ci d

I'clltindeni i:n [unc. nrL6Ltprric,trilc nnrxicit)rle Prnr.Ll]nlrl'ri hEn.i suDt iLrbi.:l+ d.r tlaliri,fn, . rc l r c iz!rc, dst ]Lnde !Lirs€. te. l | i fd.c cu,br l in l rcst fsou n: tufiiltri Le ,lL n. Mr$N!

f t ispiDdim $,: n i iE. t nn!:t,i r q i:ridi ir rotrli ltrr' lr

$t

Cufundacul cu gAtfo9uAccNstii pxsire graloasi nro uncioc !'bF€ tio fi,sic rosic pc gir.Zboxrli btu !i, s|rc {cnscbi.o derlLi cufundri, poare s5{iia cullslhnle d. pe a|a Arc div*scsGjgite, inclusi! malnjch $l tilleter'emeh dcpuc doui oui inr utr

c]n,l dascolcri cc{a, fieurmirindu.ri itrccl pRdr.

nnprccllrc, adnltii rucii 1.egru otrcapc in

Egreta mareA{crsE cgrrr,it cunosdurri fi crcg.cl. rmuicaM. rdiesre iD zoncnliiiinoNe, in caHr rnnci pclrc,

secle r iahc nlc i ! ic$! . l l i

RiisF:indlrtl: in rorri lumea, !!n..0lLa ur€r,m. pirlLn Effop.,Dcntrmirri niiDtiff cl: {otk

Pasirea lipdtoarcltotdlcaDcti cst. iuoditi cu r.FLc tigi!t.lc, !Fs{rc+ ljDimtu1: nn d!prciorrele .tr dug..lclo lititc ii

'nrcon imaliL in atc adlinci.

ar. nn s,rflli1 puternic, cadcrroq)dti- l]c carc il folo\e cd.cpl \emnol lDntru r r!.ft zralrc pilsiLi dc t'cricol _{+eastip,tsiiro zsonioroasi kinc)r€

laigli riiuril. |i n,lrsriailc fiDrr ozoni rcstrids! diDrordut

Amon.n de Sud. Ea pii!€ e |ttrur.lc pl!trilom€. dco*rcc+deget+lc lungj ii left jt sn-iLdishibnie grculitu FeDelelc{.}un l]riru p.ini l,t lNc {uii,

inlrnLn cnih iiicul dil Flante

: Rala polarl comuni\ Ca mli loate,aielc,.aF polari: \ .. +.htrri ilinlltllhcazil cuib

. : . . . cu l rene sDulsc dc la,l; '. -o*1,,t

0..** i,,"",.,!!:' de De ibdonoul ci su.rL€. tlc;sebir de cildur.ld.

. tidc nroi. A fo$ mullhmp ver'.t! d. ormeri,pcDlru goduclia dc

obiecte € salElc s{u si.i dcdonnir. Se h dncstc ir

gdbor P.rcohile jt {acun c(rb urr:uD colac san

Fonclx dclunc doui fn.n boui, pr +src nbii pilinli lc

@GDrmftaltd tr", /47aid/,".,ii!d r a.

.B @@

Rhpridnar: iaEica dG fioid,nordr

^{1.1, no ut Elropei

D.Dudrrli! inljturi:6ruir

@@Dennmift r,lin'(nri: S.Dirdri

!rr;

Cu,lrdtr l lDA

1 \hiorl)ilLU aru L

**Wi

$driri c, rr ..- {,-!!hL0t!tr:. i#

!NLLcrl{cr m$ nrar. !a:i. I

-[h-)\.ll ' ' l t (

F'(: l :

E,l

!

r -

rt

l*}!i /

F.tilE1

-i:

Rtspindnu: \htE ! urt. tnis.. cx ribc,Itr!!i.tr4.lhlil iD$r 'n i rct l l i int i f ic i i r@rL it rdr?lrr l

fIA

I

j

Ii

l-11

:,

u

.

. '

IS

r l

bl l

l .

r\

]

I t

i i.

.n

:*-"----*'---"-J -------' 1

*1- @g/iN "1:\ { ,ct l f r rJ- L_tr . r r . . r ' . i Rapi i i r : \ o

p Lr! ! r + -r lu l i Prnt ia (rc{crcx , ' , _

nurf ln(L lur , ! isunr alnur i i , l - , - .cit i! tt !i ,'poi clL!*nl'.llifii.n giiunlc 5i flanL{ ca t]insccLL, hr.r|fo !i iltc \.idi!' ni,.

Couorul strigilor

*4.n:J ,:

Malcleflamingo

3

V

,i,:ornfind-o rfir i l.D

linrle lrtt'f,Lr rtc

\ i.1!;hrre $Lrl.Illrnlc lr:nlIcnrtle lrcjr (cl], i rx:::r-go ric.r\rr!,c$r rn tulb cr| ni,noI

t i dcpunc u l la i . ld. i . r i

'\!a-*ry*-*q

' _J

Nlitrir"lr r.lJ l.' i:iRi:\13$difrr: rL!(lr rf .lf , Pi:laliilnr I r\tl(: r\rs r: r. sL d

\l

:iil"J I

d1JLL

v

Pdsdri marineViara !i:siriLor ntadne csre foarte solicjtantA. Multe dintreaceste, clh1ar fi albahosjj, dndunicilc de mare $i ge$rele.tc rnd.re. sun'/ ,bu"i oar. dJ .br in. l ls r .opcr. cl i . r i rc rnarrocdsrl_ra Inl nJ! _lor ocebn.CC. in oantrr - :r

, . .arer, Lnelc i ,rpctrec aproapc intrcgul an irl a€r. venind Fe uscal doarpcn'f , p se irpef. . l .ed. o dcpLrrrc nua si a_.r , ,q5-g p- Ir er! n r. l bl . te c\e| l p]e su-r ping .nr i .

^!ef. .a .unt

rn013i(n | $r s(rrturd;tor; cxpedt.

Dovckie

DovekieAccste Oisin, cunosdutrj !i ,ubnurerc dc riigunri iordici,tlrircsc in ]lntica Van sc sringPcnha' i@uliirc pe co€sret. trsldn.rl. arcticc iD colonii detrllroanc fL Ddivizi Sc hijnct..u Fein hLc' t cu rlr+,,,iclilimr+r, cx[ ir tl crusra..i

Pasdrea cu fata alba

&

Rrispi trdir{: feciix nr[. s

D{trui ri{ rtniritici:,1/! rltu

Cormoranul tlareConnorahU n).aii ljfot uhi,rtu s+cu p c'oareLc tu cn dckre nnjlcMiftatuii n, lLincllajftsl{ iiilipnndc pndr ih rilhlul r.LlirndiiriloisubacElice circ po! sli dLro2+ D!:reur nriiu!. D. obice! connofui;ladue irctrcle ln $r!nu:[ti. dtrpicar+ rratunci in ref, cr si-ljnghiLicu al lednic C-oimo.anll tli iiururbul nrlFM coPr. sru n+ piihanlrench dcpurc lroi sou pa1'r oui.iid plii suir n,griiifi d+ aDbr

^R'\F-/

-r.4\\aiol

Ac.ste pisii. *hr njsir !!uDoi+firor'1c trlcomi. ftancind hr ccpoteas,. ELe hnnluie colonijtc dctngunL. pcnm a lurd ori ti pnL ricduiii si lrirr .o!Lr.itc & gunoirtert.liiloi dc ccrcetarc diDAntalcdor Sc lriii$. !i.u pcrrirLcnNt:ccL llollii bjft 5i por !sii zboaio, d cc-lDlL nuh rimp

Do trmimr Sliiltifi+lr Ct$a]!

=***:i

R*llr ind in!: .dn:tr rt li(t lrr ,lmc.iii dr Nod ii:lc

Pescdrugul mare cuSpate negru.Sa Dud'i p.firc cci maj hdpcsca'riL t' rsrc un vinriror invetr$nat Fcrcce dcastrDrn m:iii ninult riD! dcc tric; alr liD ilc!cs(iirlrt, tr|ln6r.lre si om;d.'i at!:p is i r F n r i ! , .ur , r n.pi t rgtniPniqi l I I ! j LUr rr l iDrtretnliordrdi . L i r f la t ! i r l ! i ; r ; l | tsau ftrj De B{T.nc, ,n5r tI(i ,l

i:x:1il:'..1ij.",''.;ifil,': i

11-*

ru FnL mr oni NtarL.

@QIr;i{ii nd; $lcl Adtri.rLdr

lxauDrini iinlificli: L.,a

Pescdmqulmare

PeLicanul maroniul'olicrnnl naro.u cstc ccl mri mic

!.lici!n. iii d ditbrjt d. x.stullxmiLici. Esl+ pas[rc,trsdni,

tlonjiind in a!6 eu ntcTi dr lainaltnt mainrri dc 9 m. cand scscufund:i. \irc!68c aitilc in sp'tctiiti cn b.azi gilnl, chiar itl nledcai LaiD opi i . O dxr i l inra!

dcschidc guD tilrnrdc p.!!clcin p{nga dc sub cioc. so

r intoxrcc la suprrtlli pcnlru i: mijaca Aaclsr.i pasirc dQunc: doua sau fier dui itrlFu curb

connruii tr tiDrint

Pcsc6rugul argintiuFcs+dNsul !ryintiu sLc ccl nuiconln l)csciruF rl coastclorni . i lo ' drr Arr icd dcNo siEurotr ElrriDdc mici pc$i,turi old ripuido la allc Fiiliriqj cx{ri $l trn Brnolic D+asoncnc!, zboafi sih iDtdorulcoaslci, pc r! a giisi r crD trdlrc victili dri pc lcrc urlcasLicolc I'.scitui,i dc hoingiii fa. iburilc pu stanoj, LtsulcsN pl.r.ic Eiisi fac +uibudle dinicrlui, inh-o groapn din liDint

estc un viniror tcro.cNu truDai ci ataci alle!nsa! ipen1N r le iintfad!, da' i ornoaii $nirahci fi guirti ii

nincandu l€ tiouile

Rfudunica dc marecomundIaslrc d{ coasli, acmd,intlunicide Darc $ hdnc . o, orev4i +rlrc mici riclilli mrrine isip ndcltua plantnd dclsutr ni r pinice drc c cc{d,.po' }loq+r2iinlFid il W5, pc,ltfLr r o tirin.lc {'ciocul ci nrculic Ritrdlni.a d.nircl$i ftcc cribulirnr o coloni{ftsre n!.dti pc o nsuli trn ItcslENi. rinda dcpun+ douii sru ti .lou{ intf'un cnib silurt in pihi]t!.

tijkllindntr: dskle d€ h

@@Rtrpindinn, no'dtrl Occmnlu,

@@@ @Rilpin{li.cr: !.iur mr Plrl.

Dcaumnli llinrlifi rr rani

Pinsuiniiinguirii sunt adapta.ti la via{a din mare mai bircdecat oricare altl pasirc. lnotaton iir

scutiurd[tori expe4i, ei sc folosesc de arLpile lor'pt're-nice pcn.nr f, 'ni..nlr in cni. Pe rr'(cl, l)ingl nrncrg pe doul picioate 5i au un mets stAngaci. Nupot zbula,Cei mai mulqi pinglini triieso in Antarcticd $i ininsulcle din apropictea AntarcLicii gi trebuie sisupravieluiascii ut'tui frig putemic. Ei an unacopcrimant des. format dh pcnc irnpenneabile 1ilr,rcioase, carc le plisucazd colpul uscar ;i oald. Sub

pene existi $l un strat gros de grlsime, care;i c1 iifere-ste dc ftig.Existi ca]11 11 spccii diferite dc pingrini. Ccl maimic cste pinguinul pitic, sau pjnguinul spiriduf,

care rtlisoari aproxiflativ 40 cm. Cel mai mare estepinguirruL imperial, care are o i l l i l t ime do l, l5 mToli seamfud unii cu alfii, aviind pe spate Pcnartcgre sau ccrufii. iar pc abclomcn pene aLL'c.

VandtoareasubacvaticdPhsunnLl rcgol sc sufunnilintli pradii illd.\.{ iLttillcla lcsl{ 45 tn ltcc.rdul

ir (hnrd s;ut!idirilo.

p elonosFitrquilii $n! ficlii pr.rcnoarc

Dc .bi.ci, .i lr,ir+sc iD Loloniir0rlc.l. uscrr i' n marcljiDgrinLi fisftazii ln trrL1ra+cHir rluf+clc CiDd ocidoiriitofipirnit sc inliit,rcF, ci r

sihrtli fril frccircd .rpctolor Dc

is!n.nri, i!ii gfil.st IcciProc

Compo ament

Prada pinguinilorl'riDlrpelB hrri a pnlSrinilor mrln,rnn nr l i ( . i '+3alLsxr r i+tnnllcriali, cons'i in scfii i Pc$iPrgninii Lrui tuct. .nD r !

Fi$gunrui Ditic slu ccl dcC+ll!l)1gos, pind eniD[lc mult iner

Toboganul

h ingrijirea puilor

Pi|!gninii,\dalic iti li..Dibr.le nr

nuli.niinr dc Pe c+xiNLNdbrcli.e Ouil. \Lnl ieP{sc z

stLr$nrt ltrlnr:edll c t,5u.l clootu

lninlui dc niscr: i rLFoL.le

limrli,linr dr ]5 di zrLt

imp+rial dipulc difecl P+sol un ou Fa cncruL cL !n

docioui lc pc l io ioa.c lc Lu,tnnp dc 6.1dc ziLc. Cin{ 3!rttpui[], nllsculLLlil linc Pe libclc

lni, rcotdit d. o urrlllitu|i r

4,i

4

PinguimLl dcGalripagosliste sif-e!filllitrgr n .x{ rri€{.in rFrolrdrr FcDi ![ xi ]nsu L ecJapr8os s rtli itr ciild urr (unrr0r{xnrc rccc,.rre lc iiii r}ofti\,t!lenlru pnrgr,rini, cnr i$csc dcoa.cDP nquiBrl de CahFrlos sc ir.iferreDr flns Ed (ulein mic, aribil^!r!n PI''nu r mrrL.Ienllclc delurrdodi ouiloll-o peitera slu iiltf-ogau.li dir roc{ !nhlrici.

PaslreatropicalIcu ioadirofrelsrc o €x.dcn!n zbud$src, dN puus+dl esre fonr[ rtingncc ]leob,cci, ifi licc +ujbul l]+ faldz+, Ipc sr.r.r, fcirn' cii as'fcl f.coteaz{mrx uror Pntrcilrldllrrftl c.niriinp.!litr sclii l.rnela dDpule lrc s{lnD irr:lll d{ AnrbLi piriirticloj$c

Pirror r inrr I n i t inEsic cril ni ni. Cint.I Dguini-'ltii€Sic lilngi oorsle)i pc irnLlc, ci1(llind n, alclc!u!m ada]tci p+iti Drici si &lrcaniinsl! \i face cnllrulinrr o.i+!a5ii snn inlFo erotPii. Fernclad4unl dotrli oui, fc carcplrjhdle.loccsc p. rilnd, inlrc 3l !i40 dc zil+.

PinguilLuL cu ocheladPirSu rll cu .drtI i fliLclrc inh uncLiNal nai(dld de.nr r+stul

irnlr(drere, fican{u ri.uibd nrtrc vlzrDi srn

lalsniindirea:..sirl! AtioL

Rh]}innncr r!d!lrc.HrtorDenuminr ttu'f nci: Drr|l*

Albatrosul cdlitorac+aslil Ir!ire !r+ rica $dinulcarlcryuii ! af:Fjlor din tnalclilsri le pihn tt 3.1D it,p.tE.cap.oa.e nx'cRsd vrdi linltrd pdstio.can, Tbu ind uneori c:irN 500 kn

ss

utuprlodirei: C.an:l: AnLodi.:D.nunrnm t.ib!itui: Er4,1/rr,

G6sca demare nordici o

FurtunarllnegruIccrslI p$ar+ nrrluiimrnanca p.$ tl sepnj

Fc car.l. prin{o duli oeflaoefi lc D cn innllimcde$upn aFi, dlf !' cu,csruliDrnajere d .u i . i i iFtececca ma n'rrc pa,tc a ti,nBrlL'j

|e ma,c, dr r nnoarcclrt nrlrtu sezoDul Ce nnpele.here,l)cnnu r curbi, i int-o f izurnisiu intr.o.rcvasi d I slaNi

Denrmir€r iilnllfi ci: Jl,/tr

Pinguinul de AtlanticNu slc u! pin! Lr lropriu-zis Selolosllcdc c$otl l!i coLo,!t |cntroi prindc !c$rc, Poatc s5 priskczcdodz{i dc pc$ dcodili. inolilorti$unmdnt!. ox.6Lcnt, cllrc ti sI

Frrcnlic, gilsca dc m|rrcnordici 2board h iniliime

cirlirc d+ !c!liti sclii.

r!&clc corlllLri, i31 cl s+doplasclzi sringacr tc uscetFcnda dcpuic trn ou. utrenrid0u{, lDrr.{ j+o'buri Fllisiti saninlr.o g?.uLd !c .arc o s1l)i rnSnd

Dastu€a ll.njftztilr rpl d{ hn,iLlDEa de l0 de m€rri su mimnlt, titfi|ldelidinn ri icso cu

Fregata rnareAceasti prsir. marjni nrrc rr.o an!..gu.i ft1i flltrc dc 1,8 n!iur cj,)c mxLc, inqovoial. Iii

Flrccc cca mni mdc !ar1c nuct'r in acr iisc!un+lrcx dcs])c api. iii pLindc hraissftulgADd o d. lx $'pr.fah xFei,idplin zbot s(! prn anrn!!tarea altor lisia arnre, Fni

, . r "ncr i l i ls i prupra

t i i , i t . Cu bt i5rc r nrr i

i{t 1 {#}Mlj]ins: 90 l0l).rj ifululi!

[t!$ndir.d: O.iiiuL Pliiri! Si

DsN elyi n tLici] Plrerlrrr

Riruimln.{ OrrmrL! jndlLrf

Drrumirtr i1iitrlifi ii: ,'|dqxii

Bufnite gi pdsdride praddD.rr lru r !e hr:ni . celc r e "r l_c r._ror oeI tr -{ l i r ' ;neazi . -r l rc i J jcsi e\tr un I$r eslc un lrude lisir loartc divels, de Ia $oiffii piticiln rLtia i condori. acestc pisir.i au multclriisaLtud comune. Accsiea inclltd o vcderelbarLc bnni. pljnlru a dcscoperi hrana di:: aer.picio-afe putclnice, cu ghearc escutjtc, fi u[cloc rlcovotaL: eu care si sfa$ie carxea,V. rr- i ,<r n i r |onclc,r ! s,r .Lc. o l . p. i rde prad6. $i bulhiiele omoari animale pcntru ii lclM ca, dar, sprc deosebirc de $oimj ,si vulturi, eic va|eazAdc objcei norptea.

Bufniteleflxislil rpfoximativ 170 de spccii de buiiilclcarc tr:iiesc pesle tot pe PAment, cu cxcepljanor ii!u1e. Cel+ mai multc arati la fel, cu

-e1c rorunde; i ochr.r i -+ D( LD--er, b- j i !nsri le o crcangi, a$tcpddd si 1,adii sau siaudii cca mai mice mi$carc a prezli. Ciildaude ceva, detednina direclia cu ajutorula!^lui cxlf.,Lordimr de ascutit. dupa cnre zboari alircclintf-acolo. Marginilc pcnelor dc bu1'ni1ii sunt mor qrpuloasc. nu tarrj ca la cele nrai Jnultc pisirl Dc aceed callu facc zgornot atrmai candzboari i11 intuneric.

tsufnila dehambar

@@# arinila Ce hanb{ sercuro+tLc uiof dlpi irta

ciall;, in fo,n,E Cc nimi ia(mirulziicj, Nti irr. loc adi-

postn. Le li:sr.cr r.n1, i.s+ siv.n.zc riciitl nici, dcobrcei iobolani ii ioarcci

Bufiii!apolard

!j Iehirgl F€Ln.la "!

c.{+ cu 20% lmiiFr. decitrusculul \

ti an lrere l cbisc p. -

l)ilra I'r 15 oun

Bufni!.a cuurcchl tunglsrorMilc nnci d. r!, .r0rLr*srer nk drrr ru{rrr u-T i,cr nLF!D p+rr fjr.Fasirca

ladlrc Accrslii lrtrUrrrigr !ppann

Rlisptflrir€n; A0irri d. Nonl,E!rirnr, rord-?.dLi Aflr i, niir!rdqmifti ni iriftri: ,1xi| ,j!r

Denmrimo nirnIfi .tti !td.d

Dc rrn.' nii,triri\!. 4Frhl

9{l

Pls[ri de pradaPistuiLc de pradn vancazd ii lnal mullc fcluri. UneLe, cumir fi ulii li cleii, Lriiesc in principal in piduri 5i {inrrtrriinpEdurirc si !Aneazi"r la adepostuL copacilor. Fi scdiplaseezi dc La o deafigI la alta, gati! sl sari brusciNnlfa pflzii. Al!i1, cum ar fi cotldorii $i vultuni,plutcsc la iriltimc fi cauti victimclc. Nu toate lisarilc dcpr-di -1- Lr. io p-+ :r r -..u.. i .un g-rr ier . n':_a'1cis6ftu , cxdauclc aLtot \liethli.

VuJturu I plequv

Dolmul cu coadaroii1ePasire Nl(ni{il tl rgrcsilia+c$ NiD l]ortc t.li or !rdd.de Ltr plidurc in dcs{n. Vamn-zi jn aef{ltc ldskl sFu \.

'.riede dr la m!rc in:illin. la lclufi,

!c,pi ri lopadr. lt1 lb,:c utr cujh {inriirn rulc $s, inh.nn coptrq srn uncrrlus. Fcmch delutrc unr tanila pakn on6. Arhbii pii!i'1li

' ;F 8.

Lr io1, 'u l tu, , i

i i[.j-. i n.'11S1'LI'is rc sc

latnrrde cu qrdn!! nicrtuca atr mal.l.r noartc.

A.rsl tllLlllr d.PUn{ nn olrinh nn cuib consrruiL h ritdul

Zmeul roquAc.asti |ra.aLN fcprndi rrdfelrc 1r pi lungi ri o coada hitutruali Vin+azi d.$rpR !a4unlor si in ciinr .l.rcha t, idcsr{ rc olfcile rD orf!. nr s{urtlin!, s.rotand duli pndi, iunrrr fi $b.lrni, dsiri sau I.li leC. ir nth1rii, sc hriin+slc !i cusl]irui: z,nerl r!!u ilL faccN(ib!linrFun co!!+. i:rI J+mchdcfnn{ pilDi l..it.L onii.

Uliul nordicVADiiof pu!$ r+,li'rid, rljuliordic liiDerzi ainnale.ur dli cpufii Ji faanii Zn.a'i prnl

llidure, dlrirind b'asc dc il(Fi,eotmi lti oriar[ !i.1im.lc cnghcarcle ]rLi fLl+rnic! !i

@MRisni rtliYci Er9r, Oi$rxl

DcnuDLirtr tj in! l lt i , ',JJ ni

Rill inl]ird {tiri. Or Eitr

@@Rispitrdircrl rorJlrrr!Notri

Dq$srr.itrihliFcr' _4r

Riiipi,id?.tr: ^rtrri.r

Jr:ir ,

DrtrLDinx lriin!in!i: nrlr,tr

s1

buDii irticLour putcidiro. cughaft luigij curb:re ctlnd viDeu4$ltufrI alrfiD F laneazi! dcasulJresolului. +iudndlrani. O diliidero!ritii ffad., sc retedu

Vulturul auriuMrgniicul,/dtu arr'u rrc urcLo! mcoloral, o vedcrc lorde

P as lrea- s ecretarAc.ana l}asirc cuticionLe lLrrrgi iiiFk+ce cea hd

'nii. i!r1€ a lioliila sol, utrdcporte si mcnrei pi ih l0 tDl tc n. Alcargiiperru ! !i

pindeprkl{, aun rr fi trri+in nd-c. tisin, nFe,rts !i

Vultuul de mareAcc{sti pssilic dc UidE zblxridorsup a alcr. cintand pc i Cnndlecc unul! pl+r'jcaza cu Iioorr.cloin lafi, P.nlLr a!.inde prdr

r{itptudnfl: r\lrili, li sd ce

Tillrils !ri rurt prc.rdre ru In ri!clL, rcnr'r alrinde nraihrn!

VAnturelulcomun

$oimul peregrinIslc una dinlrc cclc lrairnldr Tbur5lorrc, vAniiloi

P{tbcl cxrc se hiinctt .uallc pisiri- l'rcc lpcctaculolsctlonjoaft ld mar+ in:iltirnc spre

itl

pndi, adcsca (Dl){)rumbd, pe ctuc6 pr indc iDnc. l i iorno.. i prad+ cup en'icclc sn.ire, dlpii caE oduccbs.L, p€nlruao Denca,

@s@"ni!)itrdirti: llturN, isi.!

^rr+{Dcnunirlr ti Dtifiti: ftr1d

R!!pindn!r: trtroa])c i'r rodi

@@@@Ri:pindiru,: NFrmp. !i iilrrns{

Dcrunrn€r *jiilific* Fit i

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si

@Q

D.nuiiiar iiinliff ci:,{dtj..drr

VuLturul pescar deMadagascar

Vuhuru I regrlC! catnl lilr5il dop.no riln'eolo[i vu]lrNl rcgnl cslc ur+diD cclc niaicolorarc piisiri dc

lradl Dcrj ocdziorNl Fodtc sd.}moarc l}rrdr, el !€ hriD.rb nr

lfircipal cu hoitut' annnalodcjr d6aac vulru l regal os(c

$n. d tuli'ele Fisi. crt

/,

tlonjcufl si

njrosului tentru gi\ircr

vut ml cooalDPrsErs Dililn{lii a Sl,rlclof UDirc,lul1urul codalb ctlc aour nladersulla mxltor Frti ilc $rii.Irinclprla lui hunii cslc pc$cl.vxltuii cddrlbi sc oduDi Ia iiur i lc d in Ahsk., pcnru aI iDdcsoooiii.puizlli dc rdrs$lii in

su$Ll d lLri. Clibd luia!:1ic!t dln raDui ti cslc

. : uDrl din c+lc Inal mrdt1l

DoP

q{'13&6-

s5

@&@Rlrrltrdnm: ,\nLsiii dr J}fC,

Rjl:rindift r: v'x,c. rlNn(i

'ncr; l i l 102 on

t

mift!triintili.i:t"".." r-*q,-tu"

i..:,i

{}t

r7 1lvultunl\ / r r l rur i i s nT / l i is ; r i de pr"dj r -ar i . cu c inclr i

V. putenrjce incoro:ate. ct ghe.yo rscur:re Sr *uocnl cJri ' . t\ lSt; aproxim,"rir 60 de slccii i tI lo.rL;luntea.in nod normal, urr !.ullLlr care veneazi plutc$tedeasupra solului nrult fimp, cluldud ptada. Cuvedema lui ascxfiti el o vede de Ia o mare dislanti fiapoi plonjeazl repid spre sol, lnde va pdnde 9i apoiva omori auimalul cu glearcle_ Vulturul_harlie iqivAneazi prada printrc copaci, iar vuiturii de r.nare

Un vdni.tor de 5erpiCr !i alll lulr{ri !:itriorfde irpi,!L lcrtLiful.u crcrrsli $ hr;incrre njU.ncLFal.n $mi i rtrc r{Frile.Acesl lallkrf lancazi i! gencrala cpiiLrd lrc o i.nuri dc copacsi tr'.s+! Flrda, l}sulra circiasc.etedc la s.l Dcgct+l+

yullr]olui rtr o srpftfilti !s!il,€nrc-i F+ffrirc si rindi bjnc

_.

Vultuml din pddurealropicaliCel Inaibxn t rtilur.rnrclalru vilriror d lunq, furlja, t|dic{lr ir jffgle sd aD..fcan;- In lo. si FlnteNci In mnreiLr:illirne. accst rtrhrl cc 7boturis.udc d. h nn.oDrc la elhrl, iDca{L{rert,rilzii Harpia yanea'i in+€cial

'nannnlc, Lcn+ii porci

sfi,rosi d+ colaci. CiM isi ziirerrcv clLma. hartii o umircilc ffi'i so-Fci cu rnnrc vjlezi, pADi {d d csftsr|cicrr de i_Droafe ca sn pinddnriDul{ cu sheerch lni Dutxnice

prmil peEii din api.De obicei, vulturii i,si constrLliesc crlibrdle icopacr sau pe stanci. Cuiburile su|lt iiicurc' l in bcle ; i ratnur. i rpoL f i lo lo. t le m.r imul! ani la riind,

94

q.

,49

!-ulLru ul rninc[lor

l.!1clc.i1c Fr cjFk llrniia vtrLLrruluidr Mrc l'rsiif.i I ulcilc dc.$!pr. oc.i.rflri t ri uni dt{li fixdi.S:i r+!+(lc spn supir{aF

a,lcr, P.nt r prindc pctlclrnr lh{ft Vul{uaidc rrr.

t r i rd Si r l !c xrnnr lc ! it.tiic\. Fiiri.l. inri rn.rd+ tindN lof De {serrcDer.

lol !i plorjcrc in m.d rcp+lrl rpr+ rp(, k !:asiifi ituri

furc.m rr I rrrcLc, p:ini .c r.!sl.tr, oblSitt. lof 1l $u du FrinsExislii dl(r!x lixui dc !ullnri lo::[n Ccl n]aL inrc.ste rnltNrl derr lc al lLr i Stcut l , . Is t r i . i lc lcUi rultLrr0dalb i)r iinfr,\1o

lrLi i i r l .bclr l j PL,, { iu i r ( ,h

Dr4xnNric ze{, slijriiirrir j

{d.\ca;. iulnl nto oi !r NL,r.l L.i: Ji. ri. g.n.:ii:e es:e

\\ll,'atui

Trv 1rasan Cte copacr $11srapanll aerurul

f [Au] din mtr j le t !anlaje qle zborului E5te aceh ci I !ILJ pcrmitc pir i r i lor sr i $rcc in coprci. acolo! pr intrc

crengir ele pot gisi adipost fu fa.fa vendtorilor de lr sol,ca $i un loc sigur pcntru alormit Fi pe tru construircacuibului. Multe pislri gisesc in copn.i $i huna.Porirmbeii qi papagalii se hrlnesc ir principil cusrminle, a.lune fi liucle, Alte lisdri, cum ar fi

ciocinitoarclc $ cucii, minanci inscctc pe crrc Ic

PotooPotoo sc l$lcttc noiprca, /b(iinddnlr.o ocangii ir aLlap.ntru rlrj { jDsc+le cu ciocul lLi hafrZ'm. cl sri in picioare i forfteliligit lro. c.enngli snn ridi.ininDlli Cr c*F\l lji+io indrc$alcin sus, poloo aruui ca fiind paLte din

g;,e\r pe frunzele )i tr unchiuri le coprcilor, Lnelepisiri surt mai bunc zburitoarc dccat iltclc.

De pi ldl , pi l i r i le tol ibr i sunt td{viratestipAnc alc acrului, cfcctuand acrobalii

acrienr cxtraordinarc, Listuxi i tr i icscill xer $i rar€ori pun piciorul pe

limeni daci o frc vreodatE.

CaprimulgulCaprinulgul dc!hc aat,/ la apus.

clnd sc ddica in acr rcnur azbda dultnoliitl al1€iLNcclc zbu;I.t.! ndclumc.

Minusculul lni cio+ sc d+schidc, irrperiidin guLli p*nit prildcrca itr

@DRiqrindirci: Ir(liiLr Ll. \n!,tur...i C.Dnili, Am.Li.a d.

D{ru'nn B rdinliticii: i!i:6i6

Ldstunul dc copac cucreastaAcesr lisr r ldnde irs$te in rerhilhcc un mi'ruscul cnib in f,)rmidc cl'Pi, dnr bucilr {c.oajn, lcgdcnnrc dc ru sdlilii Nu crlc iocdccitpcnrru u ou, pc cd. lidtrlii

rirpindirur rtis 'lc

Sud E$ sD#Risnlndi.{*r Exr+pq Ast!, ns.drt

Drh!rtrH iiiitrnrica: (d/)trhrrld

piept rubiniu_c' ;1, lisir le c+LLln,:r (cr cn

piellrubi u \i intoduce c'.cu.dhc in 0Dd. floriLor, Peniru a

hgercchrul DuPd sezonul dc

. inn drc dh Cudd. l iesrulSht l.r lltrilc, !c+Nl6uimit$rc

lastue mici w .tLitori 800Id

Fnl,!aimth Andica C L'aE

Rdndunica de ntstPEsc cumsali ti ca fdhrlunlca debari fuliic vi! c, +F sigcrcldacru\ viiend Ds.ctc Ln ae.Tdc$e r.a sc.'buriPe carc osati in ba'Nuilc de nisiP dc Litrsi

'a$, folosiidu+c ilc cioc i dc.ploiomt Dcpuc liini lr olt au.L

inLru cnib a]lal la caIiituL

Rindunica de casdRn dunica dc cda niianca ihsEclc.

Ft carc l€ Ddnrt+ in rs sa{ 14 snul-gc dc la srpral3F al]ei. Mas.uh'l

!i fcDieLa cdnstroies+in1preuM o+!bul din pinln! iira,bi. Pc

lerctclc unei cladir !€-

,,Bietul Will"Esl+ nuD r+Fa dnti slrigilul lui,src suna a proJrLfidl i! ,,!onr Fiil(biatul 1!ill). -\cclslt fasiit va"nea?A inscclc todDtca, llste si!

! rallsirc dcsp,c clt sc $ec:i hbcrrerzi, Tormnr ji' gi1-seile o cripnturi in slnn.i nr.areiii !a pekecc iarn' TmPc'rhrd corloralii s+adc, hrrmlulinimii $ ccld Espn.!,ci inccl!n6o, asifcl incar pNIr$ tilortrLcrl rn ri Nlinn c nefgi€ posibLl

Listunul cu gatalbLAslLnii sur *uliitorr ca

lc4i Ei lrind ins€+lc, r,.rfnci, btli .si chiar sc nnliei{heazii in 7.boi liclonrelclor sum minnsfl e, penln

Listur lcu glr aLb iqi iirc+un cuib in foDi dc @padrD lenc il iarba, lilLt cL'salili cuibul estc constnDtinrr,o crdliluii dc Fc utvc6aDl sldn,:os Fcnclril+pune palH ssu ci,r.i oun

Pasdreacolibri cu

@QRiNliEdir+': firli Nl! ItufDlcr.,Artcl ii Amrirti d. Nod; idnaTin,,!ln!ri.rdt Sud, AJicr !i ArLr

D.nuniEi FiinlrLt[r liinft tr

@@lrrlindir$ ArieriB dc fio

RtiD diEa: $1rc3l. m Loft18i

DcDUni*r JriiDin.!: tra,do

@@Rirliii4iai: r*1trj :jratetor

Jacamarul cu coadiro$1e

PupizaAccasli Fsirc! ndc iNcclr ii! f tc Drci lLct i t i in c.F. i5r la s. lltifdcu odbnL inlr o s+arburi dc

Riiqrindiier! Merir, /\ c rc!

Dr0un'kca stiinrifi .i a/irtr/r'

.A(crsri !$rirc c( pcnc vruc0lorrLc ii.ioc lutrg sLii pc r)

r r$trli arr(!,ind in{(( cCnnd zar+gc ccvs, sc rcpcdela tridn I o pd,ide in acrl+cornarulzbox|5 slai I}eo crcmgi $i lovcstc nrsccladr ltnn, pcnin a o ucidcindnr {c a o marLca lcrn+hsapii in sol!n tuncl, in cffc !adcplrnc donntini la Fl.r.ui Ar$clc pisliri hr

c.Fc, uu intf.. gnxrn dintr-uizid etr cliNrd lii 3DL

Fcmch dqrln! doui Fni lrtr.tri oui, !.r hrsctrl o

hriin.!Lc in rirFul ! lu

Porumbelul evantaiCc!ni ihrc porurnbcl d in [Lnc,pnrumbd0l crirnoi a t-osr rn|cnslirxr iiacum cstc ra': Ac.6tiip{siir. ftrfioisi1 sc hrincitc d.oliccih soL, cu fto c cezure,unnrlc ri bobilu DacA stc

MomotulAccalii prsira rrc o cotdi

n.obi${jlii, cu doui ltcfc

cloci oilb finp dc l9-21zii+ I:iiintji Iulncsc !i

rcc!ria ror prtci zbn.a,

cc rdlc lungi$i in lsiina dcracheri dc rc s Momolul stip,: o cnrhgi. iilEFrir.l pfnda,tinp in cffc cosda s lerglitiSc rcpDdc la podi, carcsnslnin insc+!c, piisnicni ilFpirlc, dupi carc sclnl@rccFc c.c.ngi:, ca sA o roirlarcc.

@sbsRi(jib drn': Lu 5t., r\!i.. rui.3DLEuDi14! $rinlifi qr: u/itrrx'

RrsprDdimx :,rDur GLi,.r,

D{(uFtci Jtiirtdid .;:!rtr

PasAreaQuetzal

csfc lrturiL fi sc unduLcsaii titrrpul zboralui

'1{p1Dl.

' scT.n do nnp crccllcrc,dn!.i car+ crorc dln non

l t f t ru . ! . , i , DDy,r i t i ,1( i dnrAmcrica Cc lfsld ti Merir,qu(lzal cla o pasE c siind, nr

f .ncle )ui ' r ! l i 'nEr tLcr.

lcrtLd ntr rrc nici F,cpl roirL ir

w@

P,tntnaltqr tdhrd

RrrFild.no: iatc, nmc'i.3

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Pescdrrrgul cucerturanccslpcs.iLnt cslc rn /lruriLlrNgiL El ilili viilcpFdd dirtu n'l.ol)3e.pl.cal rsnpra nnni iirsru ldL.rt. alhis,r srj!frDdii nr\i Fiirlaiu pc$. sru. br.rre;i.Ior.clr d i5rsqr:1ni hn.l nrnihl nlui- l..n.la dDf cci:r.i [ini lx opt oui. i i un

1T

R:isrindnd n i.,ii dr N.,1

' Barbeta cu doi dinfiA.erdi inrbcll rr! h c]oc dosrr.nrr rsculrrc, asui.,itorre.trd.i din!! St: ir .ofaeis*L: eNfi!trri,lirirfdu sc cu sn:ochic.3runc tiille ilx.tr. lirr rd uncoli d! siirrniii ldnirl.lc in 7hor.

GrLgrLqtiucuL

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o

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z.

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afr.IJ cr.r ornrca:ror, ele(la or l i , cal J i :n srLi S.hirl +r+ ir lrinoip{l+rsdfi(c, dal miiiiL,r.i !:l cLc ti pl:rtrrc !j r$hrri

'}.'i

&{

Prigoria enropeani!uPr cum:i iPune nurner.,rcersti 1)rL$1+ mrifirci rlburc,dar ii !its|i. Er frcrcil tndi ieo ftnnri. p.rln r ehnifircfi-trul dD rc, itrIi car fdi4iitdii.s..la l)dg.rirlc iti rn.uibtrl

in l ngr]Nrele siFrc odcsra

Colibri-ul r.ulrurtiocrl lune i fo. L curb.l.l!oli}orilui rultur ijslc pcrfc.t

I)enlN extagerc! n+ctsruLui diriorile c! cule dinci, ctrm fl fi

Cea mai micdpasdre din lumeColibri d dbnli csrc r,ca ii

M.sculll a'c do caD 5 cm,cLr lol cu ci$.ul ti.u c.idrllqrclel+ sunr.n a!mxnnaril.

t cr mar rungcioc

Pdsdrile colibrirumoasele colibri sunt grupul de pdsdri cu celmai agil zbor CAnd plutesc ldngi florile din

care se hrinesc, rapida migcare a aripiJor produccun bazait camcteristic. Aripile ior bat atdt de rapid,incat su t aproape invizibile. Colibd pot si zboarcin sus, in lateral, in jos ql chiar- Ei irapoi. Colibritldiesc doar in America de Nord, Central6 5i dc Sud,in principal in clima caldii. Miisoari de la doar 5 crr.la aproximativ 20 cm, dar penele cozii formeaziaproxi ativ jumitate din lungime. Multe au penajviu colorat, creste $i cozi decoratiye, De obicei,

penajul lemelelor este mai pulin liumos dccdt almasculilor. Nectarul dulce al florilor este

principala hrani a pisirilor colibri. Celer[ai multe au ciocuu llngi. pe ,are Ieintroduc in 11ori, pentru a ajunge lanecrar.

{

Colibii ulcu ciocul.srbrc arc cioculai luDE dcdil xloictuui all

{olibfi. ClocLrl iiI*mile Fstuii sialunSi lo Dcctul d i eriorol,:clof thri lroiirlLd. ilori tulnldr{Accnsli p+sEre r i.iiici i! iscce,

F .nrc Lctmdc ni zbor

Mas,:ulul colibLi iopoz-stacojiu csl.m {inrr cclc nai frunonsc piis[!i,

p r pauj coloLat i l)enele lnngi

ii cnrbdte ale.orii Con fli rcctarde li nai Nule rilnri de ilor tfrinde ii ins.ot. Pemlc 1e'ncl.r

O pasire colibricoloratd

Ritual nrptial-{ccastii pasirc colihii. rutroscutri sub nrmclr

d+ lilJ+lminumr. aft in cordi foupalru pciclu1gi, iljntrc co e dofi sc lcnninii in formE

dc LolaE in fin])ul itu{ldui tupliaL,Disculll ilict!lc'2i I'etrele, zburnnd in

IUr uscul de colibri violct.u riiti i',f+rFnde sxbic linine sl}.nd( billilnrrapid dinanDr nr hmp oc sdlritue$re.!rccnrul uci n.ri { e gbin}rl Cdrnllt.

r i]1

cu crcasii ro\siecrc$tn | 0tiu k[iL:iL! ir1

Turaco

b,irct. lLlliro o' dicD Ji

*-: Zlo&|i

oc.gr Ntnnaic! {n,clo,

Cucul comunCnculDu ili conslrxioltc trrcujb, cj \i d+pum ourih nrcdbndlc d(or plisiri. FeDicLrdcptrlc f+ obi+ci 8 l2 oui.Iic.r. in t cuib l'|Lii d. cucior Cin on nr rF.oxi,natn l2zjlo ri$)1 trui DrMi lii miputcnrici d.cill puii gazd.i, p.

cu'D! Punrtu r obFnc

Hoatinultlc$; r iictrc iI

Macaulstacojiu

slE.tn.trlodse sffl vazurc dc obiccinr lcrcclL

sxu nr grupuri dcpiniI! 20 dc +xemflxre. L{

'Eslj irrl $nf.l!i, llistu iLe

iti iirL zborul sF.c Io.uril.dc ln:i rc, tipind s1lillcnt.

Sc dclcclenzi N seNnic.

n.i flii.r fi rr( cjosrl n'i hii

Paslrea rinocerindiand

@@sRii!piindi*r: ELrotx, r${LLl

Drnuhirci snitrlrtif;t: Lir ii

dccii nlscnlL'1. Ln sczotrrl fcnnp.r.cncrr..n doFn. uDuL p:ln:ilr her ouli inli.o scorburi iDco|a. O dati CeNse oulile,rrs.uhLL dstuli irnrrf€a in iurb,lisdnd doaf o D'ci de\cLridercF.nicla R sla inc|rlsi ncolo pADicind turi vor ti dcsftL Cc m r cn

@D@"Rjis]lindir{rr +1tr r, ld{,er

jlrLcic 5i U r+ itlil. sns nl

x tiz

Dc\,.i!d colomr rl 'uc

nLL,i c{cIrLrj riclilna la 18.n. el ntr est.solj{ tinici alit fc grrr pe cal il

tiirci In ri!..iorul ciocuhi gol se

' ucu'{ sogdullc oi.ls.! ci!e r

rsigxd airir. Incrnnl se h5ncil'r

Dunrrift ! f i i inf i[.] i:,\ ',r,rlJ,,ft x

PapagaluL eclecticli{:crl(1n*lenele nr cca nxi nr cFk rcLzr, nr hn4r.c ti)elr c{cN{ Ltr rolu i {ns, ru Nbiiorrcfltrl il

cu'o!bn! dclrn c uiif dc lao lssitc la allx Srolui d€ti,'i la 100 dc prDngJli, cN

!rpi rnEil.r, zh.nii t.i.lr.u(!!i, mxrcrnd |nrc +,

Tncanul Toco Papagalul-curcuben

rallaSarur cu

Prptgilulrtr qrelnn

creasti

":i-,..(Aj

-P..Fr'2 i

".FFl i

bxstu ,{n$iists hdfesc.n lrcr!,nLd I]!i i nctlr Dc ollicei. jri

l'!r (uib inlLo scorbuii de copacf.m.b d.pune doni.ui, t..rrc lc

c nr.Jc I h j r Cc r l oar l ru 16Papagalul piticcd mibnro outr.\drli.a Fsri i

d+ cohvre, or xrullc !a 4ii. c.l.rrlrcc, rccili pi!.eili

. rn dL ii iuli ru in natuii rrrn.lrt{lor rrnl v{ki Ciirdnl

I d. . l t rgal : i i l r+ i t ln l i i p.

@@b

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lrttr! 4r rriitrliliri: C..arr,

Pdsdri cAntdtoareA pror imf l i \ jumdtsrc dir . l f r i ih dc pi \ l r i d in lume

fl,sull t iuLltr\e ln grupul c$nos(Lrl )ub numtlc dcpftsiri cantitoare, Existi mai nult de 4.000 de tipuridif{ritc, carc trliesc ir toati lume:t, cu exceptin p0lit0r.Nu toate cAnti le fcl dc frumos r{ pdvighctoarea sau( iu(: ir l ia, dnr mn(ct l i i cclot mri multc spccii runt instarc si cinte seclen{e de note muzic:llc, Ei ciinti Rtunci( ind lc t ic culrc prrrenrrclor sru (r: iDd i) i r l l i r ;tcritoriul. Femclclc cnntitoxrc suDt mai rare. darfcmelclc unor specii ca vrabir li priorul cA td li elcuneori,Piisirilc cintitoere sc mai numesc $i p[sfiri dccrengute, p{ntru ci rr obicciul de a sta in c(iplci siu pcstalpi, Picioerclc lor eu pltru dcgcte - trei indreptateinainte, inr unul sprc in;rpoi - idcah pcntru menfinertapc crcDgi, trestii sau chirr firc clcctricc.

Privighetoarea cufavoriti ro$ii.{prc dcs ir Doczrilc pcis!nc,

Dch roi i idc o lmtc ! idc lLma crlrihi. M.s.ul!Ll$i tcncla

tuotli la icl, dirpnr a!lLvo tiirlbi Acclk p:isiiri

Pan1dru5uL nordicM0usclhl Fntin\ uc un co.proloicL si o coadli scn, ti, pc .lrc oLino llturpc irLoldcrnn{ ir $isHnna prircipaLi c.nslit iI i$.ctclji pijadeDi, glisili nnrb Ihnlel+

s.nnCe liDil'aa, Fntirqntli ta.c nn cub nnRr Lntf.dc copac. sn })n rcriidtoiDiFemeh deFne cnri firi laollt .nri, Dc caft l+.l..cttc

vr.dic 5i T4onrbtoisc s{ ddrnn itrllolui ii !iniirrii ituprcuri tr.lc,ltit coa c cir SirccorFc V:ininciir jnscctu carc xpaf tu apropi+rc.FcDela dctMc doui F'ri la patL1,o!i nrGun cuih nr formi dc ftpi,licrLl {tin ituUi, ridncii {i luj{ru d+

PfivighetoareaEste cellnri bnrc cnDoscuri penlariuiosul cicitrtcc Cifii tiNa|l.nii ziL'! Miri'rci i sccrt, clrn rr 1ltudici !i glndaci. pc .N ic g:isc$ciilictliir+lc pnrrr

'nr Lc dc Ia sol.

vR$, riila.trci sifr!,rtc lcmchconst.uicilc nn.!ib dLn tnrnzc, PNs'ru ap xp0 dc nivclulsolulni, nlcare d.fuo paln cnrci oui

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piis,jori, vi+nni ri nolci- frnrnnir.i si iiurrc de tnduic

luDli liisrlir rlc o.mcm.

e

r l9i

RisDinrnLr b:ropr, inri rrirlurl t 1 41r !* 16i1i xrs.iDrntrn r r i i i i l j l j i i i rJrun!

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sturzul estic sn",r"'tollLMu estj. se hrir.ltc it tarrit3L.u inrc.lc ti liJct€ ni.i I'Lxs.nlul ctiehLcnzi ?Ioui sir$lac!loxsu, !citiu a c.iilr9a sinrnllirlcnrclci Arnbclc pi\ifi conslruesci]loi !n ruih di'1idlli tj li u{]c,irt-o scnnnni dc corc Fer.eLadcpD. n.i Liifi ln Ffte oanrlr tli nli hliner l)nii liDp dciotirru d! zLlc dtr!:i ir!:.Da d I on

Pi i i oni r r l r .or l1 ' r '4.--* t ' - :s '_n.casrr r : ) .n pl tar .E ui.inlc..ar. s:ni a:mxinnt vl,,Dlr .k-a.dcc-d..{Lc. '. d.rid.r i t rNmrLL(. . ,c ladGdE' di , r]iLnb!.r:glsii. S. Lr.!nc!lc c(omizi t r ahe nrre. lc, . r i i cus!Li : .1! ! i I iera D,ci . Pi ! goi 'nrrsft, iri fi.c rn,tr!lin ldinrlxDrl. xL unNr copac noi \'dctun. a.oio I pi:ri h l0 .uir

PasiLrea zeflemitoarellsr !tr3 d in. .cL. na: cuos.nl.

liisi lcariiioxrc iln SlxlrLN UtriLdcin{jsrt.'i{ xl.'s ! drcpL!!!irccnblcmai Ma5c!h,l cilitii r'oitrDd

t iz i r r iurdcsea iLuiLi i l r+ !E, i i!r srcrr din mlfti Pi5ircazcllcntrodrc sc hrii+ilc n'edncip.l.u lrcclc. clD n, iiiirNlc i girdirir. dxr lr.inerci iipliii0j+ni, rnclci, in'ci clit l! !iiLr.1. fr.lnnc lfxi iriri la $!..nii

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a

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d

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ar

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itI

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Cnio.r un sccoL in untri!, inN$v Yort dn tusl Lilil, nr

At i i7, cslc nrr d i r l re cele

^n*i(r fLNor{ Cftuii

nr i i inci nr ic.1c. vrerD,nr.l.r, ir.l. ir r.truti

Rtuntndirlx: IrDp,. roLdrl

D0mns riinlitd: rrrni

ItlDii{ir$ rtrfdul EusN ;tnlAri.ii iiBx, n:Alirr LLU !Dr

1i)5

Nccl ina DLrDufleLrLrriuii 0c ncchDe NIIurn r.lnin.sc c! irDlc, n)aL

'l$ hm'ne,

$ +r inscclc l+ dn).ot ic i . Ded$ncrc4 agiilatc dc tlo, . a.estepisiri su! ncctalll cu ciodllorItrng ii curbal llcLhclI corslrtiettclr hrrcrtrcrca ! doui cLefgixn cnn]cu l lr fomii d'i rLrlil. in crrcdelunc douli oui, pc carc lcclocesle lhnr dc l2 14 rih.

Eno un tip dc cinl.d Sc foloscSt.dc cilcul fti !rcu pcnrrr R sFarlcsinbnLii unar fn,{rc.a ci.cflc sup'xh€Le. Mlnl']{t ii schirlc,Lnneud |i hscclc P.rccllilc iiihc

Blst]lndno, i.ntul liunp.L-mrdd Anfl. nNrrirr !i! NoalIrcdun,iri I in!i,i.i: !ri.r/d

Botgrosul

$iirirci irsdcrN, fructc.

disDozjtivrlr d+ l,'iidi$

Pr'gsura

ParuJ'a nordicd,{ccnstil nlci parir cinliloare selfli lrc ln prnrcilrl cu omizi rixLlc ins.clc !c c!c l. eiselb nluoFc, Sc calnLi pc crengr ii sf.din $r jn i ll p+nl'! a cllnti I,,a,'airi{acc cuibuL dil licl,crii ,anruicf ii rglitdli rl+ c0!a{i lr.flcLrdcl'xne de obic€i 4 5 oui, Lrc c.rclc cl.cctre 12 1.1?i]c. Ambiip i r ia l i i r hr tn+w r j g i iD! jLsc

VrabiaVnti! a tosl n!rudusir in loaliIrnca Iste o }dsin.xlrch iioc. ,nui l ide adxphbi l i . in 1850!n tb{ adnr la Ner Y0rk.iiti tr

cacDphre, i$ rcum liibiilc

Nord !iA ericr de

Sud tincipala lrarF coflli drnsoninlL, d,r minilncil Iiiisc{tu !ircs(u.i.hncotarc dc 13 o! n.ni.

nii\p:itrdift a: lL L0pr. Aril

DmuDnttr 11iintin.:i: P{rix

@QRi\p:inilnt': Anrie

'1. Non

Dfl ,uD,i,s 5tiitrinri: P.rr/

PasAroacardinal

@bt{l'ptndiri: TLinidrd. Amcricr

D r,rn,no $ ii rift.r: .ido?!r

@@

arctlcA

n dljJcc+lr i l;r nod P.n!n rse 1ii i dr l'lig, unon srpli lizrurin zil!ad5. rxrldF Otui: dxnudt , zlffii +tu $d, rftl.vltisnn lli! r pln. frli c.'$rinr soni4c. iar.lc )i iobud.

@&@@}lirimci: 16.r In:i\l ' iadj(r: rreg Lntr1rcri.l, l:r0 L,l EL,o:ci Am(i!,1.]'id,tL I

r','j.!,r.lfi,iwk t

i.{x:

@&nntr,0i.{r rriintillr:i: Pdrld

Cintezr zebriiSlolui rndri dc.iltcz. zcbrisa l aiDcs+ ir coprci fi hsol ( scnn4c ri ins.clc-

nrulfi Elc isi loc nl

pinii li

Grangureleauflu

lrttro r!'ctr D colncL.Lrft{ s0rL.sc nscr;rc 5lttrrlc,.n rjurd'd cio ltri luinscLlir. Cuibrl Lrj srNLniinli +r (nlFrrx! rrirlLrscul si cs( ig.ir! (ic

Que)eaUrir$ $oLui do qrclcr ctrcrO! rofu sc Yrid p. cu .n

nillc nori. Sc hriincsc s! boabcdc.crcr lc t r I lo l d ishugc.ccol lcirlthgi. Qncl{r s+ i rsrlFs. ln.olon i, dqluniDd do$ sru tici oli,i Hri c!ib nr fomi darinicLr, carcilirri den crcxngi d+ colae $ior+{

Tirnagerul stacojiutaDrgs{l $lacojitr iri hcc dcob,+ci c|ibulni zondc nnFidurirc, nr.rt siLs0t1. xlbim, ricsrri

ji nl1+ inscc(c ti llHclN lor.fl $ rirctc DnFnnF,c..h.rc, mNcfliiii picrd pc.rclc )u$ii, +ffc dcrir dc (r

Mierla de pArAuame cand

' ncullli Fsilr. Didi trii.$.pr.qmn iDclof rcpczr dr:

mnntc. I'oal. sir sc scdrDdcstrb rpii !i+hinr sii norryi !iftndul riiutui, n, ciLrla,c dr ins+clc $i dhc nici ridiili. fc,n.Ltroonshrjc\(c rn cuiL' iD farmli dc.ulnli dh nNtd,iti icd\ri, ifl -o.iifituLi din rriiLtl r.iuluj. Acolodcpnnc tici FLni h jssc our"L

!9('

\ : .,.-6-

t9{.

\.jl:;q?

1,r! '"ir t{)t!rJj';i;l;-.-r

s@Ri!p,|idi.!x: cntrl rn$i.ii d.

D.trurn'cx tr itri jjrr: ,r,4rr.'

@a@^l*isoiindir$ Aluci hNddr

Dutr'nn.r rliin!ifi rii Or./li

RijrpiindiRr: Arrri.i d! Nnfd

@sbDr Nminx $iinriti !t: ori.rlq

Itt l

Pasirea paradisuluicu coadi-pangLiciiMisrLlLul nccstci sl)c.l ef c n! l!-rnl crpuluipo4ilLni dc Fcnal ! crdcstfilucitor !i ll{ne {lc dzii if, formi de p.nglici, lLnigi d. L Ln El

rLlnd.c.sl. p.nc i. rtln,gr !iin drcrF$, !+rtrL i ixr-se

Ji"',1

\!IIi1

!.l

l

O etalare cuJOS

tn

illr*!lr! jrislirii albxshe a rxrad:suL, i ! i i zgi l .1cu . t rp+l ixjor, ift rito'1ul tlc irrag+rc Li

fcuclcloi. Pd!lc hdgi al.c.7i! jrrf rltrhci ri5ic rf.uflgrxlioas. dcasupLr maeri

fin lL i rrondj itbAtru El sccl ird, in tinU cc sco c

iisirile pafadisului se nrmesc a;a din cauzapeLraj.rlL.i lor frur.ros. Surr. printre -,lc rnar

spectaculoase pisiri. in timp ce unele sunt doninarlxegle. cr. pete str;krcito.re. ,. l ipi.oare. , l-ele sun.colorate intels in albastm, ro+u $l galhen. Multedintrc clc au la cap sau 1a coadii pene lurgi, deforme stranii.Existd rnai mult de 40 de specil diferite, variind cadirnensiuni intre l3 5i 10? cm. CeLe nrai mrltetrdiesc in pldurea ecuatorialS din Noua GniLree, tlarcdteva pistiri ale paLladisuLui se giisesc 5i in insuleLeMoluce, inveciuatc, 9i in pidurile din nord-estulArstralici. l lrana lor principali sunt fructclc, dar potsi priLrdi 51 iLrsecte +i l i ianjeni f i ocazioLral $i

Pasdrile paradisului

broafle i i $opfule. Dou masculi i au penele cololate;i decorative tle la cap 51 de la ooadi!, pentru caresunt t'aimoase plsiilile paradisuLLri. Feneleie aratii

dilerit, cLr pcnajul Lor monoLor! in gcncral miLroliu.

capuL

1'SAXON

_ F.nc fililorc...arc{aliiar:l d. crp in tirn|rnL

' lcfL+rdci NLirlinle, lciLrtn't nr s tL n: j.s. $ crind

Ntc n. l-. dtlbtir ica ,. hcl. . isi: t lM. i ! t r . cafcn. l . A| . ou'ricaTi ii nrc lo. irifcr..hcrcn

,!'a

Fralare in grtpIi:llc Fi!ii il. nrfttnL n crlcrLirr r !ur r i iNr l r , l r iqr l inL. dx, a! lu i ii r i r iu i i r :nLlr . , r j , Lr r l i r i t r rrNrnr. loLi : : i r . f l i : ! r : r nr srs. . i i r r ld i i i r i : : - rL, , l i : - - f l r ( juI..nri rro: si- d(-:il.l!.i t+

cci l l l r r i r | tx ln +r a rn, i r f r . rrtu |txln +r atu:nOrnhl F

I

r

Penele coziit'xsll, ca ffutrd nrlri D,xilLi$ril!.r i:. c.i:ii P.rr aL: r./istLm rlc. Acrslrr Jr ti|\prr1 ljrufgh' dr .F r i [ . i . i r inisdtrl!! frr.t 0:tt i.-Nr.l.l

Fa

&

I

! ' ! ' .

i-Ltnrl: rib:1.:r. ) Nri$incrtr

ir.:. :,lc..z! al. ti\irji p!idisnlrr i lm n $fei$[ ! xuuxi la!inrc. i,rrJ id iiircJe e::1:1:: i:c .

Hornarui ruginiuHorn!rulnrri ! iii ci{rii h I jlc

tidiil, scolird cu ciocul luinscrlj! r.ine !j i$coro iji fd.exh.uib in fonli d. culoli dil pinl!!jil'ic, ii' lcfl.li drpunc p:lDil ln

Muscarul regal

^u(rstii spcci{ dc uus.rf r( o

cL€a\ii n.obi$triri, crre nn sriLddi.niir de.at in tinifnl .itlalulLri d.nDp+rcc}erc cr m.le Fsidle dcrce$ til, sc hiiDc{c cu lnse.te l]€

lardrea liri.

I)rn!,3, r(! liiinlificr rur trtr.a itr

Di

Dorf mrs{nluL pisinr lni af+pdrcl.lungiale cozii h formi dcljrii Itr sez d de ibpffrcl*e, e1clalcrzi accslo lrclc nr iirafcruld r i ilaNcrzi. I'.sina Liri!zh+eri Trsrle rx|€ori, d Uoale siucc I si sa'i ir copeci, pc !! !introlr{ P3s:lico lirl scunnl id

[IJr;$.,: ,tr6n1tu1 30 95 m]:

@&

Tiranul oricntalAc+ds1a }0siur zgornalorsi xricio i.c iilncol.i t.ritornil. rnd dcrpisrinle m r Nlitrircidvcxc!1p!ridc insccl., rr care lc Nndcnr ler slrL lr sol. sau lc sc$atd |inapi!. Dc arcms€a, slii sulfcrdtrl lnaer. cx sii tonlir:rlcgo frL ctolo dcpi&r. dir coprci fericlo dclri i.

nriun,(! iri D!iaLdi: rrixr,tr

DEDrtru nrd l!in,(,jlii; P;ri

nirlJi( lr r r ,\nrnf! dr sL iIr$triri{i rtiiiritirrr r!B

Coco;ul destanci

Tiramrl dc lorenlAccasu Dssin L.riid\l. langiloLuliirapni Adcs.' q,r+g!ns.ctel. d. tic bolovrnji Lrn.co!iircoDjuriti dc aF sfLr ncgainde, ndirldr.\u cr r'(.drlii..n7ic. O pcrcdrc iii lac. ntrc,it] cr rsF..r d. cuF, cirt (lqolr+ej sc itli {legsLrfri rF{il_cnreid CcPic douii f . p..aic ..lo(cgc, nr |Lnt ccr i3rrul lL ls l i l i rg i .a Anrb i

t i f i r )1 is i h i l icsc pnj iPipra cusal-moasaDoir nlsculnl rrc sF$la.uL.s!lfcrL,il trc!r rai:u -qrlie!, CxL liiixscrlLi n fdn(I. n la {ondliN.rr Mg, s noiisc. rr ulnladdd. i)ipe:..n.re. nrs.rLLl iir.rrl.rzii .ulorLle 1ar A.cs1c tirli ,sc Lrnrcsr fc obi.0i nr singn,ili'.,cirri:nf i$ccrc ri fixcrc ir piicN i

Citir-itonrl cu cioc-' .+!r14r. \L.c t r t t rs!

.ccasn Irsar+ oq prranrc +i (lnxlrc j:urzetc d tr l).dlrca r'opi. r l i i rs.de r Fior jc i r Dc.sr-nien.a. iti BEsctlc !*da tL sul.oaF cryn.rl. : Ciiiairoirc crp.r1i,rc t.los.5rc Cc cftda lmr rcpLstrpon itNre cii|xl lrciL pc t0rt{{olriilor Fcfl'+li drtl!.r doiloui iIL: r cfi:r dinlro scodlr ridc coprc, cLoriNlLLlc tir.t dc

I

coacli

i.

ih Icr Lordl d.I'nFic.lLd.,nrs.nl , L ! colo 'a l dr ! n lstcctrco u {odlrii Doir'!rir F$lLx aLdlir fcn.l.lof,mnll mNi FuliD spL*xcullasLEi sarnr a.f. rot clemlni

''h

I{ispiD.lirri: Irir irr (;q LnL:;.

Dm i,c,lrlinlifiti rl,+i.,ri:

{es&Rlsl tndir{ , {n:r i r r+en. ' i t)).ddtrirr! 5liinlitl{ i: Otrw.J

Cioara amcricandAce.sli prsiirc tnrrc Dinin.linprorpe oricc giiscitc, inclusLthseil+, lriiaDcui, broai(c, fisili !i

{nile rc.strrx. lti facc cnib dnrb.14oa,e LaiNftltinli-uh.6l'acsru ilrlFnD lufii lcricla depnnc

Crocirlia de apiDor mNcul+l nrc ..le doni snocud de pcnc Fc .ap, tc ca,e le idrci

'r l'+riodrld Nplidl salr cerd

i!i apiiri tcfito,nLl. Ciocarhl. dc

^pi dlianci sdnullc.

'nrgrr', nr-

s0+rc !i rlrr: micivjeliii Cuibul csLrsinplu, liont di,cc( le sol din tul-

Fid 4cpladtc i'lN.njurrt cu picLricelc F$rch d,jpunc p+t,! on:i

ColofanaColofnnr nintudl insccre,piiimjcni $i ndci, dai mai tuiptri{cpnsairc din cLrib!rilc lor ditropnci. lccchc! consfi rctle mouib marc intr{|n cn}a. sou nrlFuhtLriir. FeNh deliNc ciDci ped liofl ont !i li clo.cttc, in lrcnc ac

redsctrLul ii aduc{

S&@',ni!pindieN:

-\nclicx dc Non,

DrntrniLa$ Jdn'r ri{[r r,rn

E CA

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S llrcioculSihciocul i$ sLprarcghclzi 1|l idrd+ pr o c,mngi ri fic. so,rrc jbo-rufllcntu r prnde nisccrc. !c is..mcDc(, sri sLrslcndil i aer, atlcttend sai sc lansczc lsutir nDofm'cLlisirjsatr mnD fcrc. Dc obicci, \icr DrxdA T)c o.rcongrj, $dc o

Fluierarui de apdfluLcrarul dc alli iiii-acc.ni|nl irzonelc inahe morruq dc obiccinlrFalicrcr reutlor. Iffna, !lcm.rgE! r_l obligi si se €nLgreue nrzonele n'nede de \cs.l'lnirrtrL dcrpli hiDiibcii lidfri fiinsc.Lu Llcap!, p. carc lclrn)dc iinrind iIqicl. tulii, adimiri in brulc

Draumirex ltiinllfi lli: r.rb,prrj,

@s@@ni'pindjrtr: EoahAilD.d!niirli stiin1ift ]i: - ri,u

Rir[]i4r rcli EL.ot3 ^si1,

GheariJungi cusit salbcni+c,rs il !,rslii c t r.iFitir nnfi+lc d+ ll ghcar+l.lunei dnrspatc drj ia ilccnfc pi+Lo'- de.iteaFoap. 5 cn l!ngiD.. nste adescr v.lzuLii F (o.Nilc 18'rcote,LrranindFsc crr i,'\ccre, pe crclo r i r$rc dr obrcci in i I i . lnsrzdnul iic nnt*etltE,'mslul cxc.$A un TbofnuptLal spt-c i r l , d+irardu-! ic0 a l r c i tn-riDd- Fcnrch d.!un. (.i fu

smocurl roflrANasti! pasirc r.sodelruki1lcstc numai I}e panlclcmo.lilofnrlli, mdc s. lrE-a!5t, cn lcrlarrl mor,ro ide

PasireaSoarelui cu

Nectarina cardinalElte o pdsii.rj caic se lrl.ile$tsorbind ncclanLl ilorilor t! cubgiindinscclclc dc pc tianze l-ondn cs1cftaiinchisil la culosre de+itmrruh,t Ex rc pcnclc gn-drnsl in i i , .u Fctc roi i . Cor lu ln lfonni de cuFii aliccst+lFsiiidnd de int r:cclia a dola

'amun.!ch.lr deDUE do{i1$u trci onil.

allaslr+ miAir i $i insc(lcti chia. ntri oui din.uibu-ile dtor piis.iri. Pc!.ch lc \i.+nsLruicsc +|lbulilc irnFufcofirc san irl.-Ln {rll!, iirIcmcLa det)nnc Joui lini LR

iilll i!,relof lobcli.!iproteaD]}fpriiciprh ci hla E snnlinscckle, in sP.cid t'uiich,

le caLe lcp rdo in xtr \s i r tstuul iilendr ns dc o !r te tidc alla a tricpltrlui n tl. snncuilotii. dr lunal InstculuL arc pcn'r{cnlnlc \n,Birle co2ii- Cubll+sLc d+ innni ovrtli.lLind cot-srfLrir diD fiLitorrc rcgctdc ti tul-

rrrjuscal€ l'ondl! d+pu|+ lrtr ou

Gaita all.;astriGn,pui z8or,.ioasc d. gailcilbrslrs sunt o privclirlc fsmj-

li.riin gdd nl H,dna lorp.iDcilal$ consti dir \eminF tiilrflc Srratrg rcz{!c lcnti! inDi G l€1.@@@

LispindiPx: Amc,ii d. No'c

3

wwItt\pindnt!: ralrtL Vr aiu,sni,.r. Sinb Cflz \iSolor.trD.numn.r $i',ln.i:,VJ.d,r'tu

I'dl:ritri.r is$uh 2t,5 10,5

Dtntri'ietr liiintifi rli: Itir,r.,

@D@'ek:kDllndiE!: Ani.x, 3 qt dc

Drr!,hrri iriitrtiiicii: ,Ltu ro,r

Cum comunic d, antmalele?A plorfc Loc c ar im..lc c ar o metodi de ,i p:sll; cgitura cu cqle

.f1-a.e enca lor. MulLclc, cltn :!r I pi\: l .Lile. belcllcle. ciinii SimaimuteLe. au o mdre vaiietate LLe strrcte, f-lecatc cu sennilicalia hi.

ALtc animalc comuricA prin miros. Ele lolosesc srrbstaqe nitositoarepentru a lc anunla pc cclelalte c5 srmt gata de

iLnperechcre sau ci un arumit tcritoriu leapa4inc, $l vizul cste imponant. h perioadadc |'npc-eclre.rs, sopi'ele i.i inclin: cup j

iotr-un f.;l deoscbit, iar pozitia urechilorunui ariimal cu:l at fi cAinelc sau plsrcalraLa ci. e'Lc fcr:ci ' , furios sau ir 'fr i jotal.

Cr rlli .iiii siillidirL, idiot!ronndi.a fi: liiiLuri! urlere

ti f.toriirLrr$i clidi s! rr cNliLLc

pcnrnL i ri irita di\ll LlrillrtenLl coioruLnl !n.. m.ron,i

dc r scrnml{ cli csrs ForN$arLrnui aouxlr rdiLdrnL- rv.nizan'L

Anullr uorl nolli mr\.tr] ii

t+.n11 sil aLiLclra rr'ro$iL cn,Lrdc o li,actii tr€ifi Lxr ftdtd!:niii dlre de u kildhunt

rnas.!t!lli J. nlolic dc mitnieqsrD rluolcllr &rensihili

i l.E

, i

f 'e l .L. l ! l : ,LL. l . l . r ! r t . i . : r r i ,fu l r t . l i . rn i lutr i Id$i : : r r Ir t ro- ,Lr , : t r \ t l i . ; | ' i r : . s. ! . r .r . : i ) i : . f i . . i r . s l r r ! r i r I , , : ' , xr!rrr nl: xirir sa, : 1 J,di slr

lf,oitrs: dt r r.fb11. i:t n1r!ili.dir rllDxr.trL.l lir.rir L::L,i

Lri\.-L c c.:r Liiof. n:i:i,ni:.Ll\r'.rr

lrr,r::1, 1,,:t1 lo .: 1qr*(i cisticohcilxra jl rurl,r ffL /n,,: s)..rilfuf l i : iFr l i r iJ : r 3s. i . j ! .1r . : .: , . , r r J i t i r . i {e j l r i : t re. : l I

rr o.t,lr*i ieiiLiLl. r\l[Ls:trlL:ci|i r rrLar. irr in:[ : ,r: Ll

Jr i : i r r i i n 1r i :1.+. t . 0r t r1Irlr!L aLNrlrl: Ii..[. r1d.it !r rrris.ritirrrrc [ri:;ii. r:: !.iri i]e cl$Lr

ra:i

ReptilelePrirnele reptile au evoluat din amJibieni acum

apmttmatit' 304 de milioane dc, aai. Srb Jnrmadinozattrilor c rc (tu apAnft i cepind cu 225 tle

nilioane de dni i nni, repttkle tu datftifial ,;it1!.1terastrd ti lp de l4A de rniliaane de ani.

lstdzi eristi peste 6,540 de specii cunoscute dercptile, htrc cdrc dtrinale atm er fi btctastele

les tod.te hldrite, prddritorii ct o<:ot{ili, Setpiotrrivitori Si Sopdie iufi. R(ptilele h iiesc p( toate

continettt'ele, cu ex(:eplid Atltqrciicii. Cele mcti multeilineazi olte animale panbu a se htini, dur existir Sill/od,rte ie.rtirale Jl,!dJrdrle carc rc hrdnetc Ltt planta

l,'-t1ul ditl trtlrlle d\,dntdje ale t'eptilelor lirfd. daatitibietli e\le sLruclurs oudlor lor. Outi[e uu acoajd lere, core profejeazd putul tle reptili, ;i o

rczeni ie ltani nb furma unei yungi cu gdlhenuy,cdrc sA-i dsigtrrc hrinin:a. Ateasta inseamni tdoudle ntt t*:bnie si Jie ldsate in apd, wde etistd

hLtlli dq dtri. in nod nonnal, ouile sunt depuse insol, dar la tnele specii ele suJ'tt liw]te i corpul

femelei, astfel incdt puii se nasc aidona unor adulliin Mi.hitrtu|1.

Sirl dc boi d. $nrrlli .!k$ t*pc llide dLNclris, caru ilip.:s. mire flre n !i.lii :tr.olr.i. cde se ircoltucsre

p[dr, crf cortrti ir tiil:it:i r l ie{ i . pe cx* + t*nce i iooroa.iioL ooliii sii mdijjLF!rc..ln,r riFiC ix tui1.iridin l*LL srcNiiLc dc b+tr ri.si{

i ! r

R:prilelo ausi4e rse tL nr p r si-tl

..n1ro l!70 tlnrle mnm .orFlni De r.er,.clc mlniuLlcrti es.ia rhnr{c qlrdesLslru ir inse lisoiNcd sS $ tudila$rn Do obrcor,l.nn.zd zil.i3endipoiesc h lmtri,IicrtrF c s!Lli $rlmircl,lzft [

Ce este o reptild?D epli ele sunt onimo'e rer corarc - c.r ,iI\r a*ifcr..lc si pisi*le - dccr -tr o ;i 'E a spinEriilormati din mici oase nunritc Yertebre. Colpurile lorsunt aaopcrite cu solzi impermcabili la api. CclemJi mrr_lr: rep i lc u.',.csc le .l\caL, d tr oroc$lelc]estoase Fi unii Seipi 1r?iiesc in apd, iar crocodiliisunt adapta.ti la viafa in anbele rnedii.

lipuri de reptileIn 7il+lc mashc nmi crirLi p.hxgrup{ri dc rcgitc. D.or$clc Fstorsc N{ coDUrj lile, inchisc inft-o.iidt.du osoasn Crolodilii rinliea'.rii rt sifgud' s!!ravLc-Lrirori !i enrtullri din c c au lil-et p 1. ti dinoauii Ei lunt rn!ml. de rmdi Fisunt celc n,rirdrirclti1c DclLlil€ Al treilea8rup ndudc lopilrlclc $ t.rpiiT.t rc,lii siccl+ maj mdLc9olerle sltit ar'inilc dc liarji.ULlirnul gft4r rnd are doaf douispccii sLr!.!!ictrilro$c: tLBrNfu diI

BnoAiTE T[StO]\S|jlr*oisr^ n* Errri r,woPlaf ,i

O coloui veiebr.lii lr{i jjoco2ri! l)lrq'riqii fi. 9o'Ul

{ro.ddnu[t strncicrLtio rLr lrt|rcnlru!sc puler deplasr i. aFi

I,i.i.Iclc]!LismtrLude d{!trrehi.r, lr ftlNi rlrigi

Replilelc dcpun ouiiCclc mri nnrllc r+jtLil. {l.iru.[Idrn cdrr r { r t r i i dtsr l t rc lc t r is td i rct pr i1. i r . Od .{ . : r ror . t r ! i .

' . r r : : . n l r r i | : I

I i l0n dDrn!1tr s ior i l r .

o

(AFl

JF

',rr salflrh( fc lalllr{r 5, cr. ii i 7.r7i $nrhi nr ucl lc. I : i rnni.r,rrri. Px'il cfc,\t. nr nLLcrf:xorLr:riiril ttud c!. i:: {,t. siiiNi, rr lori. trn.r amrnm ii:rrlioi r rrlxLL+Lri, crtab L rar t iiirslr:

ctrocoDI r $rr t I_IOrf() tU , , ,

L' .1. r , r ,n,1r, . i r l l r . r r ra t , i jl}routd! rrrroNc. tL hs ln: I

Lt l t r iL: l : n r ' , ' ,11:

lNlr l . , ! t is r , j : L l , , i i ! . r f l - .L jL r : : l p i ror i i ,

rr irLi$,. r 11 L

'{f

, j

. . :

Pidiofic s$n llr ri !u1!rnrLL

Crocodili, aligatori,broaste testoase

, )

A mhclc rr+rrc qrupuri sunrblindrte.t i(. trf in fclrr lf- l lui- O broasci lrstorrd riuicr erc o carrplrcc t:Ire,

?sYI/

thbricatri dir pldci chitinoa$c Ai osoase, cnre protejelrzlcorprl moflle- Cort)ul unu.i crocodil cstc rcopcrit cusolzi tal i Si cu l l j ici tari de piele pe spatci pcntru oprolc.lie suplirrrentrrri" Grupul broattc]or lcstoesc leinclude I'e cele de a.pi ddcc, pc cclc dc uscaa li pecele de rhdre. GruDrrl crocodilicnilor includ€ trcilarni l i i : cn,codi l i i . r l i lnLori i Si c.r imrrni i i j un

nisPiidn.!: s4l+$1 t slNllor

D!nuinn.x Jr!i jici: :iris{r.r

{[gi]Ioru, lu]lencanLa utr MrncAr dd! aligrrn l inoicrn d.\.ctrlsc o s.lccic llnrcuirlBLlicn diryi.ln, dir ca,ui: ci n tr!linalpcnoLr clfi lui. Efortu lo{lc proL.jua ! s]lcciei ru lbst i,rtr'Dunate fc succes. iar Nrninn l.r!crcscrl, Ac+iu (lignlor sc inNrl]c!c lc otricci priniivra Femrrdt lunc (Nn 50lc !L! i r o gr iD!d! d. f'ei7c r, du altc naloid.vcgcLalc tilrlizqlc cuibuL jn tiDltrL+l,rcirii. Ptrii slau cu mtu lofrirDli

grup cu o singur! specie: gayialul.

Crocodil i i 5i al igatonrExisti 14 specii de crocodilj, T de irligalori qi cdidrrhi $iulla de gavial. Toale sun! fiin,tc putcnicc, 0llrc triiiesc pcuscat li in api ii vencazi o nrfle varielate de lrrfdlrrLe.Triiesc i apele LroDrca]e ;i subtropicalc. MascLrlii qileurelele xrald La l'el, dar mi.lscuLii crcsc mdi trla . $iclooocliLii si aijgatorii au o pcrcchc dc din{i mari inrLpropicrca botu1u1, pc maxiLrluL infcrior, pcnlrr prindcrcaprazii . La crocodil i , accstor dinti Ic corcspmd ni$tcadincituri pe maxilarul superior, jar din!ii se po! \,edeacird gura e inchisi.. L.r aLigatori $i cailnxfli, didlii mxripotrivcsc cu dou6 acliincituri dc pc uraxilarul supcrior gise mai lot vedetr cand glrll este inchis:i.

GavialulCa!ixld arc ]naxihrc L'rg! ilorarocu apLoxi imt iv 100 de dinl in ic -

echitan'cil !dcil !uilrr !iid!-

nu

rcn F tLLor ii ! b.oattclor nrbapi1. Cclu{i n(lLlic dir lotiG

YIr uo l i i rJr i r [ \ .det t i r ]

DrErn'ir& trintifiti a&:1ris

Fri\ctle ita, cu cxcctlii dcp!-rcrii ordlor Fcur+ld d{pule i560 C..ni

',.nt,tca, n,rL'o gNi-

!ii si!:rlii +u !iciorrcLL dissFrtc la nnlul n:.i ]]D sti:_l

Ir--r-EF----r.--; ir,rtic,a ctli iim! LJriLlc $Drr- idcub.n.. JLlnr 60 d0 de 7il.

C. roli.,oco{ilii, ri ealhlul i lrstriltrr! F.tr1ru }i.l.r lri, iardtiz

CrocodilulindianCrocoililul ifttidtr csro un crc..dilpltcrnic, cu o gnrii llrgil ti gr.r.A{llffi p0( lrinilc ur{mifare Duri.cu'h dfil antilopc $ bir,ili, d.r scldncsc ii cu broaslc, $c.pi ii b.oqLcFsloos+ Puiimnnincii ilrs+c.c $lalle vietitirnici in scz.rul dc nnpc.rcchcrc, i:mela d.pune f5 liini l::15 dc 0uiinlr-o groNp.'I, lrc urlLrl

'enhL Ea Fatc s.i a bi I al dorlca

Riirrindi*i dr VcD.ixr r r

Ircdqnr*3 r!iinr jfi rli ctrrrzn

A+csl cx fiai) cslc anl.um do

Lrbnatele acvall.e ocarc d.ori'+ij, culn$ fi ho{ da

cuCaimanulochelari

,4t-\

w

D.DtrDnrx JririLinci: oard!r'$

(Crocod ilu I{l ceanrc )l is lc !n! ld ln cci Dai :mrifci culoii qroc.dili Sc iic

Crococlilul de estuar

: a nrxla.c i r inni .Cr;DAni inrr i Dic ischrincsc ir ttrnciFl0r

ic!.ncb r Cci md nai schrilr.\..n 11.St ii nrclci

consirui€Sie M oil nr |5nii1iL n.Fun. nl cL p:lD:i la 4l) deo+n. Nrnir{l rc{ror cNinrni {sciTnt dra'nrtrc, dcoarDc sm1

@D@ftirpindiFr:ac

^nrc i. h

*Crocodilul pitic vcst-aliican (crocodilul debaltn)A.{sr .rocodil hi. r dcvcnit nrrrctuid uhnniiatu, d,n c.uz. s.l,irrb:irjLnr sujerin de riudle ii ldc iLcin cr,! riiic!1. $ r viniriin.tu.ultAnnlrl1+'t !i ftpeLi+ulos, +l stctrt.f dc t'hi,iidc orn.rit Sc cn-nosc r)u!inc {cs!rc riala luL. rLxl rocr.dc ciL cslc rcLiv nolplc!, cind !ehriincir+ cu cmli, broatr+ Fi pc$lj.F.Dicln dcfutrc c.n 20 d. oui i Fo gri'milli dc frunza lii{i'1{11.

ir'11

112

]1.

Cuibul crocodiluluiCuhul csle in general Umt at dexF, te o flaji nisitoa,i Mn l).hdlul retrlui, avnrd o adatr.nn. dd10-45 cn O dld cc. sitri gfo.!a.liDela se rleazi l]es1€.a ti dqrue

Crocodilii de l{il

;us \1r i r |ncodi l i f t r i r lc

snt i i l . . I Imm \ iu

]n, i t tn i t i i i !1a! [n cn

pre deosebire de cele mai rnulte reptilc.fcmch crocoL.Li l r r lu i oe Nr l e.re o nrarn:

de\ otstd puilor, Dllpi inrpereuhere,masculul nu mai joaci nici un rol iu intre(inerea

familiei. Rimasd singuri, Iemela sapi cupicioareie dil spatc un pul in apropierea riului qi .depurle ill el pini 1a 60 dc oui. Ea acoperii cribulau pimart $i sti d0 paz5 limp de trei 1uni, clii seineubeazi ouile. Cird sunt pc calc si iasii din ou,puii de crocodil i5i cheami mama din inleriorulcojii. Ea descoperi cuibul, pentru ca pr.rij si poaliircpi. Marna "onLin-.; 'd .ibd gr-. r de pri pina ,,ace,st.ia implinesc qase luni, vArsti la care au cam 45cm lungime ii pot sa-$i gi$easca singuri llrana,

i , , . .rncepuu v1e!11CiiL sunl gala si irsri din ou. pnii su llano alcrli laarice vibsti+ dc der$|Pm L!r. ciind {od patiiimnur+il+rc o . l ' - . f r . Lr ' . r r orr op. r - ' . , r .p , - - .oro*, . o-difllji lorascutiti pcnlru a itiraija druft prin +oxjii.llanaiira ajur. rii iasi Duon cci rn iclirdnr ou, puii rrcbuicr .J i t i .b l . i In ? L.p. . r :m.. , .1n, - lo fn in. : . !prKli cm vof sii i p ndt. \lrmr ii va lua $i iivr drlc,' : !n dsddi , l ' . " \ ' " : , r

'd,

cfo{ddilll de Nil5{ Lrai$iL{ Lofu irl,liL Fls. g,'L!.rtr nr iiril. r hDrrlddj, turL:i-qi:.i tropjr Lll ri\uijLd.4ruLtn lor ri r rigi ltr ltro!u M:

z

EI

-

>z'i:..

inF Vanitor

nemilos.2.

i Cr! .o [Lul C. ' r I r : ra-.

i i , ' r ""- . t j tsc$cLmlr i iali, ni.pliDl Ycnnrd

!:iL/i lr adainrl r\d{ssr iri.s li i,ti alalli d.uochii ri

udliiL!- C .onnLtL 4r vd f dtrd+

tradi, o !x rragi nr rti $ o ta

3 ?"iq

atrrlatc dc carnpacen de pc spate $i de placa de pcrbdomun. rr (u t ' tnr i rnulte .e.. ,-as-

far s. i $i rur - , i e_pulsub L-t: lFir ie. ca -, i rs pro.ciezc In lo|I drnl: lo-, broul clelestoase au cioculi tari, .hitinoase, cu care i$i mesleoiin- ircrrcir . foa r LfonrlelJ LsLoa.. dcf . o a. aJlc ,nr;mullc I< ir , ! .or. l i i . iF sr r . i ru . 4, s--L!-1. i .

Broagte testoaseExistd aploximali\' 230 dc spccii dc broa$lo tcstoasc. EIeau loatc o armld tare, folmali din substante chjtinoasc $idu oase, carc le protcjcadr coryul moale. Almura arc do1lico_nfoncll l , : o cdrrptce N sl. r si u". p -s ron' p.nDcomcn. ! oa:fclc l . ( tn lr: i rtr ir. p..(: r .er ' .brclot ju]It

lerapnlut oerdu

lcsro.Lsai dc il)iL dulcc. dar

sirarc. lii tsc+ cuibulinnahdlc r is i toasc t idercccft oaDrcnrlor lc.sft nlofsi oprindn fi si salc lluDi onilc ci i,li\,Iildczln, ]rfl tu elvartaLca ,uhrid+.iu s ru inliirrdroE$ci1ofii, in.dc lluii tniesc instg1lrn ri.|ird.ind ltiiig lliNrr

I RlrJindim!notrhrrj*jri:

Dr runiru riLn, !fidi

n l l rDi n : I JTSLiElrDs'trmnar rr,iir ljtil tsi!,,g,!

Broasca testoasi deAAfauEllc..r mij DrErc dj1nrc bbd\rcl.lcstoarc edc ti rctrg caNt nrhlcrrl snb crrL}dd+. [cnrtelc s.adnnit h iuDiftrri:t l}cmx]Ir {rtisif.!s+, Fnlrn a-ti iJ.Irf nc ouilcCind l ) l ) i i ;N din oui , $ j tdrr i ! \a

@#@rr!ntrnini Jriifl lili.i: aisnrs

B_roasca lestoasi dcpacurcAccrna l.stdaii.n ceftFxce 7.!rrdluorsl nEirstc ni

'popicrcn aic,,

orfrlrjrctrccc cca Der rrrc Fad. rv]rl]t |c uscr! lrtc u. bun.itdri.lor ii su hlincic.u Irft, vLaLnit i Lds.dc. l r :nar sN miqI 'encl in( !utu )J i . I , in i l r . I t or i l . i itro sJ rnsr rtrrn r uc rcr tu | riim-ncr. daf dc obj..i.!itc $lorlclordil ierloful. noidicc nu ror celorxd.cit ii uDrit.arc.pdmilJr:i

[:!]indi'rr: !(rJtJUrir ! 1iiIln.ai acrtrrui pirf ii BiELt i

Broasca

lestoasi dc brlraBro6ca lcsroNi de lal$;csefsrcon diD ell $i ndes+a s. nl+ilz.Src pe bu$cnii phr rorinnir hrnEs. h prjDcitlt+rnsc(la, Dorsol.ci dc brusci.ji oll. nricl rnin . ncrc.LcbDtc,.i.r drpi cc crcsc nj{cpsi $e hridxs.t cu pldnte1l'r.lotula liollc si dofLrrtipinli h IIL)i rir un dLj oni Cc

124!+r---_---*,+

Testoasa uda$[ deGal6pagosA+eastri lcs(orlsii udtSi porlcs i! ciinti€asii pos lc 2I 5 kgMlsculiisurt de obicci

'u

cdpului!1cnrc ie Fnnitc

grorpi cu tlcl.:rctc dnrspatc t' Ia dclMe u crFini L 17 on! I]a acopcriiouiie Fli |lnt ii le lasii Lcdocil l'uii carc ics din.ulrcburc sd slPe si4rri ca si irsil

Testoasa-clititiiceani tunrc1bilii !c5torrst rre o cxraFscc m.alc,lcxibiE. llr.i.stcin !crLml, sc xscundc nrFo cfiiprSlL(ddii stiinci ii i$!iril mull ieL

lkd rs$ !cn+rs:i .tr bald,rlt

a.(fd, rJ s(xr,fli )i s \n int..pclr', li ird foritc grcu de scos dcico'lo Da ccasni klnlci ,u prr.jcazli iniEilLldc olmeDi, crrc oIrritul ii nDmlir nuc, F na..m{iul+U 0n ml+ (lc casa.

Broasca tcstoasi*:3,'"b1ill'iT*'u i@@&- (Schweieer)Acc*ti testoxsi fiirdi inicia

Broasca tostoasepapusaf t l io ' i ! nd, i ! i L ToFle t { . l icu rHet, t i ! rn i d, ' . j r r t1 l l " lL: i r i tMcdnonnr, cn c acxm strntschirtrbntc de rclidtacn agr -coh l r d. !utr ' | tur l ra dc r l t dcILcLneln Ai!ilsts tr{.isi r Ji-;nLL ri'r6, !cn1trL ci bilio||n+ dehcrlln rr. au r.st +aDLurn{c:i]viMlii|r {r ininllc de cxsli,Co$crlLrl iu n iDccmr (tr toul.(larnr qclc mxi mullc tEd .l r

Riilindirtr: r$Lu ! idnNL

udr!rrif rlijirii4ir (t,iqN

Intlh. dff s.]r-nrtnc innL'ic,palcn flanLc si ii, petece cc,r n

'nafc prrtc r !rc!1arcurzrD

. dn-s. iltre ruslL'.ilc lcBcrrle: xr. u. hlirdd ffic t -I ..Iahfrd' Dcmrlcldtildin: strlc a crratrccist rc last Pc.. stelc, pent{ x rFNn zonrr c+zn,

!n L* (ii.ximirl l c{e rhd.,r- Priil fu rtr rcrAri fo4i!trc,. .nr. x$rc tr.!sur crciL.nt

Ri*rrirdifra: DoLdrl Alnr sid c{!l! r rl rcrr tlr$llci. O ;trtul,AprolhlDr ni.in rliin!ifici, ?;Nr 1?&irnr

r :$ B.or(r rc!ruJ\ i ! ; ipu, i t

formJ i c(gul!1i r \"!t!rbrof Lc rc"to:rsJ o aturiLsi sinrcuidi lai'rc fn,izc rialtc rcsturj1tc+ldl. dcN tuddll rl'nr i. Iojituilc drroisc ailiic ic o F.ic trdc nlta a.q)nlu unLllidc ii atirj rhag FrtiL nr4r Cnnd l]l) lrjit+r atrcP cj lc5ro!s. dcschrdcflrrrci s{ gufii, nr carc rir:il+tenIR. carc Nlrn({zi ti])e dior!].BLorse lcstansli inchide at).lguh. Lrsird dorf. !lolrifcscllid.rc, lLin caE vr ie5itr):.

ItIspiMno: nrd dul nrfri,.lDctrudind frDtn!i: r,rlrrra

Matanrata

Broasca testoasdcu llstul Ln pre lclstc sca mri mM+ br$asci

Lliutr-silnd h 160 ks

tlrici lan,.a la cctelalte

Tcsloasa cioc do$o1ll1Atat lhnrors! .i .xLrprc., cir Sionlilc rr avul o Drrc chrr:fc ncurrririrtrni+n cslc rrrirl corrnlall,dirnrci sc g.isesc |urinc crcml,li,c !+el,?sr d+c de loLm rrc oalmcrtaii. hr.bitnuitii. 1,c l;ngilrolrl}l. !: .:J{rcci. sc ItriinrfLc SicLLlucri lUulti bxrcd conru srbstrflr+ nriarrl0rrrc, ctrru insi fnr ri

Jestoasa Murray- Este. botrrcn1$l . i !n i l . . tL i r r

iDtul drzlolrkii iii scli'nhiclrntrcco. luiL Fronstirici ti di. o! iu o ldnld.c

xpr$p+ ci.cxlrrli. i'c

&,;ii:1.'.:,i,t,;,: ",.,

Lirsjrrindnrr ?.r. +t un ulr trt+

hrgn h snolc. Curprc.l.idtrl!l.f sunr ovrtc. Ac.LrsLilleslorsi rcti!E sc hrlirci1! +rhml i tc, 'nDnDoloci ! iphrc-vri!', t'c,r'cL.r dqxD. nllru l0 :i15 auli iLnFo lrorFiilli]]x(ii !cndul rul i. I\rii rof i.ri dupil0 ll sliFtrihlltri,

slrbc, (a ni!'c lo.trtcri,i

nisp:i Dd irex: 7c '!

r r q:qrs

sc hriiclrc in p cif mcdtrT.Cilitorcitc d slarlc,nrri inirczonclc dc hilnirc $1 crli d+rcprodLcdr lu i i i$ i l iCir otr ru fcnoalin.c Dici sohi, dar!.cilia vor

RirPlrndiRr: trorCul xrBir ilLt Sql ,D.truhrilci !rinri,ilil; ari.l6

J'bDtptnt

i1&

GY1

Broascatestoasi moscatacomunaBroasca l$roasn noscal:1 coruniqste cnn.scnti ti sub nunclc dc,.b.rcar idputir', &rorlli lichidulc e sc sculgc drt Sl.ndclc er sPecirlcilmdcAni $tc lh.ati Minhrci inscctc 5i blr$ri. drr s+ hri.ncitc i, 4u de mri (vietunoaL. dcjahoxrlcJ $L cu Dici canlkillid. pc$c

! idc plni tc. RaE.d iesc dnr.Fi

Broasca lestoasIn-loate cn gnlmplBiootl.le leslorsi oi aii catqt.er otunde. fid pliicL rlnrc. al+ s€ potderla$ rnpld !c uscdt tr in tl]i, drrrsl scltcc +c. nrdr Durc Drflt a !ru-t;i in spa. nrtur.r !:rr"rsi solls cugh flli r.lrriNgc iu Lniclt(, (,Fvcn !r f r rput !1cu!+slc 5r l rxDR.5e in'!ulL,jtrL: !xm, cird teDeixd€lune allolinaliv ?0 de ouii.

\q

Chinrli

R!i!,!odiIci: /crll! LtmNn!1r ritrop .ric rlii;in,ilor fa.Lnc.

Ddru$1tr r1 ltiirntici: r:dii,Broasca testoasA cucap marcBF;{a le$oasi oL car mare arenD crp urixf, canpotrlc ri dlingio ljilidc dr 15 cm, rililcip{icrdR. I oni+ sii rdrabcas+icliar ti lrcriil' cu carn!$c llr+,.nrl afn scoicile d+

'tu, dd! sc

hrtn$t. ti cn llaLltc $r flciluzc.C.i!a.ca ci gnn csb tnanc 8,.ssi la s!il!, I}c.tro ! o rotcia dearxouih reclij,,ilor tsm,Lrkl. t$to c cn car nr{rc !c iMultNs+,lc0bi0{ idh dor i lL doier, dctunindciru! . idrdutr de ca L00dcor! .

Broasca lcstoasAverd e,\!ci1s1i brollscl lcstoasiitipclEcc ni rfi alneapcnn,erea virli, LrfiIntrdr.s cnalgu si ic, l r i i n!a, ine P.!ro s ic itorcisci distrnlc unsscFcnru a-qi d{prLnc ouil+ peflija |{ +are s r nliscur. fcftulns.1:l,igcpc nisrf, snpii og,.aF ri dep{nc {colo ma,nn,ll dc 100 dc oli Le acoFftlc! nCif i isc nturrcciLrm&Cil Drji ics d n ou, c' ftrruiesc lryr si iNi dh groapi si si

Broasca testoasIal igator 'Acco=ili lestorsi! ciinlircgc piniIa tL dc kilollunc ,\rc o c(r'arc zEnL i(oui.l !m o l:r.. g,endc ! izul r ixnr i .6.d s l i fc t i ' !n lalbici ri!Llui. n*cptilnd lrada. L'timt ce-atlcdttn. linc gurnocscD'saj pcrrru r preT-e a o m'.tr.rcfts*nl! cknoasi dc

-!+{\lIr'

o

n

E,P,F

E

riirntndi'!r: 7irl. toli.rl. rl..r.rrl.: ]\rlntu.. :'i.ii. r,

DiNuhi*i rriinlifi (ir Ctu,drri

T$Y

l '?Y

$opdrle 9i qerpiQopdrlele f i rcrpi i apertin unui mare grup de repti lc,Vcare au cor!ul ccopcr i l cu \oLi- [yist i cct put jr lJ.-5{r0 dc spe(i i dc loparle, csrc rraiesc tn mlt tort iIumc:|, cu exccpfi:r extremului nord $i a Antarcticii.Ccle mai multe tfiiesc k sol sau in copaci, dtr iguanRde marc i$i petrccc mare partc a viefii in apii. Existiaproxim,rtiv 2.400 dc tipuri dc +erli. Ca $' $opirlclc, iiei triicsc in celc mai calde rcgjuni ale hmii. \ici unulDu $c giseftc in nordul e-rtranr stu in Antnrctica. Ceimai mulli $crpi triiesr pr uscat, dar existl $i spec.ii dcapi dulcc $i specii marine,

$opArletoplirlcie sunl ccl mai nrare g|up acLul] dc rcptile. Elc scindnd pc toate dimcnsiunile, dc la minusculii gecko, lungidc doar 7,5 cm. pini la uriagri dragoni dc Komodo, carenisoa i pani la 3 m. O $opdrlE tipici are par,-u prcroarc,dar cxisti $i spccii Liri piciorre, ca 5i alrclc, cum ar fiscincidele, $i $oparlele-$arpc, care alr rncnrbre extrcrn demici. Cclc mai uLte aLr dcschiderr lcntru urechi $ipleoepe rnobiLe. In gencml, $operlelo dcpun .i!dL irtr-ogroapd sau intr-un loc sigur de srLb o piatri qi nu lc maiacordii nici o atentic. Dar existii ceteva specii 1a carelcnelele pdstrcazi or1dle in corp pani cc puii sunl dcslulde dez,voltati. Ei ies din ou6 aproapc imediat ce dccstea aufost depuse.

Cecko cu coadl i lfbrmi dcfrunzE

dr rn,n.l,ixL {..YY Rrrlrindn.! Ilndtrg$.rDlnn'nin! rt jnriliii t qncrlrde otriccj a+riv r,laltca. c:lDC

pind+ inscctc. Dntii cc nti nci,sc cudln,lingindn{c ])c ror

ChuckwallaA.crlii lopArE doloiin.i silinddprca adAl)oslitn

'nfic slanci. i.r

dhnircah icse sli sc i ciL+ascii lisoa,c An,Dil ci.c s. h;neie cnplanrc, cr itipcrn.c toir{ zjuamenclind ftuu., ntrgu.i rj ildl i$.az dc lcJ col, sc ascuDfc iftr oc'5pilrd dh sGncri $j sa rnflii cuacr. liind asdm nnPsrtird. n\{!!

Ge.cko cu degcteleunttc

mtr dc soircic ixzlitor Sti Rsc+nstini viariiii, cu.apuls!fc icrin,x$cttahd si inhxlo inaeddc crc

1:$

Agamidul arab cucap oe monnoloc$.tarli dc yizuini, a.cst agdhid seadaposlese silind rNclc sluiDEopitndu{c in nEit Daci scspuic, il|n p,)zi!ic ofsnslli, Fen1rtr! siruenjrl{ inamicul.Itj nnn'deb s coadr, i-o nrlcazn t, afoi o

Tuataralxisri doar donil rip{ri dc rurtm,liradr as.niniilorrc cu dni$.lcinrudiLc c{ dc, care au tlilil ru 130d. silioans d+ aniin lnni !isLrntcunoscurc dii lbsilc l-ua1n.n

tdlicsc h nilelulsolL,hi Fi

RlqiidiEd: rud-ecrul A$Li

rr&ttndirPx: Noux zcclrDd:i

s( id;ifNre{ nllizniir. S+hrnnesc cu mscotc lr aLlcmi+ineyc ctratc, drr 5i cu

r- Fsiri siio|irl€ hi.r.

comunicoPad, rguana csr 1,0bNii hor:ir!m. l\rc dinti

apiri ft tbr..irdre dict

d.plnc:8 40 de.ri inlr ogronpn din sol, h clre rcesFnsunt rncubate Iimp de tr.i lu.i-PuLi i.iLli dD.tr ru n luben!{

Iguana rinocer.\+casri $oFrli itii{ D{nrcl+ dc lrlsolzi, a(ntilide p. Lrot. Sc siisc$1cdoarlc insula Ilislaninlx $i p+mi+a insnLli vqcini Nlonr. [:ii.fcp.inlrc lufiNriicleloase $ .acru$Lij sr lriDc$c nl panciFlcn

slr..iJ esi,, i;;;i-nlr t l! d . .cari,nalc, crm tr n l}orcLi, ciLnrL,risicilc $i man$sIcle idnse d.oDm.ni iLl inlnlc. Accste aDimal.r!innn.ii oniilLi $i!rLi ig\xnei

Iguana de marelgla!€ld dcmNrc suil sin$r5 stsiedc iol)irli cm.-9i pcl,ccc nnjori'ntca !ilnpuluiiu nrFc. in,lliod $scuiddilld!-sc ]n cnutaE dc rlg.,l rnfl cj p,incilrli c:L se rlli ir+i iguani iil lblosc,ile coiddptemici tc ru a sc prolllsr.lcsela suprafali lenha r rispira, daicand sc s cuilndi pulsll ii r c,

!c ntr .r .rgrbs'au] saiblosclscE'naL plin.xisctr.

@eRilpritr{ri^{ iordn t .:nrx

Dcrr Dr u lii'4in.ft rs,,n'

: ,

R[\pardim: Irdilc J. I'c'LDLluFia{ rtiidrinct: !.r+rxrl

3t

R{sniddir..r lis! elE ailL3}!Bnr,

t?$

Rirpindircr:\Dd-!e: Sr{(lor

Du nina 6binrjfi c[r,r/r!ri.

. $opdrla noctumid€ de$on

Ac+asdl lopkli triiicrle prinlr+plantclc dcteinlri, cuD ar ii

Fhkr iji reavr Si se hfth.itc cnrcrnitc, nmici, nntt. rig:l'd+ci.

Nr dlPuN oni. cid.t natlcrc lalnr ptnii h (rci puivii, carc scdczloLrii in dorpnl naDei iprin+sc dc h ea lEnl

Rirrlndirer: Amcri.a {}ft ifi ,ADreri.r d6 sui trri dc ADzil

Draufr irci ttiinrjfi c[!,.tm.iya

Anola verde

Monsful gilaLstc !ft diir celc doir doui

sl)ecii {c $Lrpnde lrnihoasu()lne cslcprorlusi dc SlmicLcdin flrx larLi infuio. Candgih jti DutcEpirdr, orrava.lllr in rani Pritrcr!ilclcprizisun' pisliile, toa'.pii tr xlr(i.t).ir|j Dd(i N se Bisctrcfirii, gila L.liicrl+ dir) nrzu!clii

Alergitorul de jungllAceasti iol6fli foartc rcLiviLfineazll l! liycl lsolul{j. Are oli'nhi lutr8d, lilurcall, Fc cdc oscoxle in cnur$+a dc jDscck 9i rlrEnereriebratc. Fcmcle cstc ei ni.itdocet Dds.ulul,

'oi corpul ci csl.

,n'rcatE nu cu pclc, ci au f{ngi.

Scincida vestici culimb[ albasftlAcca i tot.irli corlolcnii tuc uncs! arc ii picbdr€ nihus+llc.Ziu. scpliDhi grdtiii si carti

!Ne.le, Dclci ii t ucic d.R[!r)lndirei: :udal

'\L{al eiDrmnini ilijDliricr: ?i/illr,

F

ltlidure. Uncon sc adlpost ttrde so!rclc dogorito.tutr ov 7llinE dc iclrutupuii rcsc nl+or!,.r1 nmci !i se Dlsc

@@Rlrl]lndnei:1 DlShtro.Uakcnadtrnhtirti lifi.l:,i&]tu

fiirpindi?ilr n,d $$nL Stitlor

licioaEr. c! dcgcrc luneiatcxnolei o alu€ sai sc caierc

'ncopacL, nr carc cruti insccr+ !iliDtrj€tri MascululaE lo girooungi de I clc. !u flk a 1g r:lpctrri[ r i JtrgL fud( c e DDfitmler+crcrc, Icmclx deIM+ xnou tc F,niinl pLinft nulzcsru |ict'c, k ncoa€ d.un.

silti'n i. in (0( liml}Ul sczofldujde

',n!cr.chcr. l,uii ics in.,nci

tini la.!npr+ s!pttfrArj

i3( ]

Viermele lentV,umclo l. esle o rofalrli cu+ory lLrDg $ firi Ficiorcvi2ibil. Sc deplaserzi crur$aryu tllonrc si $ lis€ cdadi,daci cslc Finsi dr nn nDnicDupii cc isi pct(rc noillea s l

f unirclb ca .\i vinczc

Dragonulde Komodo(V.9rqnu1)

ti!i*c. Lstu sun- @&,omosrc ciprioa'c, porcimLsllrli $'porridom$Lici. tuo un corp grcu,o o&lii hDgii !i groAii Fi piciodcturrnce, cn qD€iLe Drar- m cnuDiirimii ltri, lamnul este un bnnciltitnf si sc d+|ld.\cazi suqln f -zllol dc |luid ino,uE binc $1cst+Ldesc! eiisit in rlropicLca .tp.i

R:lrpj:idi4rr reliuni tlin nlo!r

Denrmirm rriintifi ri:,1,r((n

RiiFiindjr$: Shtl. Urtrc. MnrD.DUn,nrx tliitrtilici:

^i{,r1r

) 0llarl a cu gulerin n'od romel srtinln-

-\"::?,''l:l:;L ,",'.i;i,;,.;;" -

s mar nniicoin.dL toar. dccArcst

ryJf':ffi"Scincida de preerieAcersljl {olifli eslc ncob iS nxjliiprjn ftrpltrL ci {.mola iJ aFric! maic garli o!l1h ir rirtrp ccn{csfui lrDt Drc(bxtc, iDtorcindn L. .n rcgtrlaritdtc, cr sii s.in.6lzcirn unitom. Dc scnFn+a, u ii rjrti pe tiui ri scaFd+ coJrlc dc or !i arc g{a dc +lctiDIr d. atloxnnnlir t0 zilc.

Itirlindik!: ,\fr rrdi Sud

$opirla-qarpe deTransvaalAccasri N!An:1 sc srrccoal+prin iarba, ou mi$iride FTexlc corpultri !i cozii, cnuiindiscclc ri F,anF!L Picionrclcei nirNscu:e rdeser nici fun(iru l};ni ulitr limp ce semiFI Cclc doui !ii![ ld rihtoun rc dczrolln in idrffiotul.oryul!'i i!nelei. Puii, lcdcFlin fornali, slrlg.orja

otrluiinddt! c+ accslca ar

13X

Schimbarea culoriiUn canclcon po,rr sitiii dcschi{iisau si inchidi flloarca piclii

Cameleoniiq' T Tinr i torul cr tncle.rn are o l imbi*r l l- \J CAre sear'Iana cu o nanle oe

mu$te mobili, care priude intr-o clipii prada, deobicei o insectb. fx ist i rpror imriv 85 dc

specii din ace.tc 5opirr le -rre rd csc incopaci. Cele mai multe se g[sesc in

Afiica 9i Madagascar, dar existS.)i catevr sfecii de cameleon irrAsia 9i una in Europa- Uncameleon tipic are r.rn corl

plat, ochi mari gi o aoadi putomicd, cu care se poatopriade strins de crengi. Cei nai mulii carneleoni auo lungimc inue l5 y i J0 cm, dal e{ istd inMadagascar o specie clue ajunge pdrh la 80 cm.Culoarea piclii lor se poate schimba, pentru a-iajuta si se ascundi de pradi 9i depriditori.

Prinderea priziilndati ce ajutrs+ sufici+rr d+ipNoFc dc p(di, iii cvdlueri

!ozilir Ni linreire cu oclrii hrjsul}crbi. Scolindu lii {nLgeriorljnba, cnn.lconul pr d. iNect8dcverlnL lipirios.l lihbii, dulii cllrcitirehag. linba Torul sc incilmpliIode rnrid: in maL plln dc cnrci

dp.o.po tus|lntneu, c€ea ce jl rjntis[ sc rlscundii inrru ftur4le jnc.nju

illoarc. Ddin sczonul dc lnnulft€sclLnbarc. culoiipoarc arc? iltcinFlcsud. Ciiid doimasculj sctniiuti pc.tru tcr'ton! sau lcni.trf€neLe, carneleoNl nNiDgiror vapr+zcntr o.olorrtie &sclisi, intimp (u in ini,l Llcr a ]f lc

{32

Clmeleorrul cu gulcr . ' lc p ic lc

A..s l in. . i r i , .L.r L;rr iLx i l , r / r r , , i l r r r l i

l:i ',t c.. lsLrrL[ cl,:ir rre 1.tr:r {. r.nnii]iilrurrsl : s!r{ LrcsrDLrP dc qq

l i t ic : i r !etr . . . l i r r l , { , i \ur+iLr i r@ri i Lr : r ;

, \ccrei i r !L i l i dLc i ,Lr cr ! r l i brr i l r . l ( i rc: . , pc (rr

h lltrLd iirn !:, lcfrLtrr ! ri ifr$,11r rllr i dtrr

I:orrLir spccrr. 1\r pcuer; iIr.xti. l,i!,ci{! !,rilii i...pn.i ti :f,r.nbinri d.t;i |.nh . lrctr ir rlt coFrtrflL |}cntu dcinr+rr nuliLc:

Cameleonul lui Jacl<son.\tus+!ll:: icf n.i s!;ri : r |! q::ll lr:i .ur j mif.:::.L.ic iaL .l!r:f ul.!:: :::. fr r15 t, (lLrr:1 ..i::,.: ! j rar t r lc , dJi n{rLr NNL l+i l r l i t l l n ic r s rLjJ:r l i i :

Camelconnl Mcllcr\'l.,.i.LLrL d. ..::orr. rl rr.:1,,.drd.on li.. si ln'lnlllr !:r..: ft riirtrt txrntr rrl:x niirdn,r(it:Jt+Lfc:n! . i NnirLi$l sos!( 1 Dr r / ! C:a, iL i . . r l\ l t l l r r ! l r rg. p i i : id l : l . r g ni . r ar iN di

Derp1l$erpii nll sqrp*,i lurgi 9i suut lipsiti dc licioarc.Chiar dacd nu au picioarc, totu$i ei se pot deplasa €pid. Ei$e 6ri$c cu mi$clri rLnd$itoare pe limanl fufigandu'$i rlimant solzii ascull1i de pe abdomer. $upii au lungiDricup nse irtre l0 cfi $i lrproximativ 9 n Toti au lirnbabiflLrcdti, dar nu alr deschidc pcntn urcchi nici plcoapefiobilc. Pcntru a sc hl6ni, to.ti iicryii v:ilrcaza animale. Unii,cunr ar li boa, se inti$oari injurul victimelor si le slriingpd11i ce acestea fior A]1ii, clm ar fi viper6, au o mulclturiiohevrtoarc.

]lirpindiror: {nd lsar t.t or

i{iNpindirr!: Liidir, Asb dr s

D(trtr,nircr !rin,Ndi; 4rrlB

$arpele orb din VeslAc+asti r+plili crc LUL cor'tr ciLrndi+n. led i iu.rp t io c.aCi ! .nnr.T.iictrc t csl. rot utrd. sc alli unsoLnisifos srniick+s ii iii t:rckc+cc.a nar D c tarto a rietir subpiidiin! Sc lrincilc ( t mici ti1clnrilc, fc circ le giscilc +udjulorulDnsrlui Aro un corp aiald. z!c11, irilpoarc sii nnru,'i

Pitonul indianUnuldnnrc cci naimin

'crpi dnr

l mc. nr dnrrulzilci piLhul iDfixnsc nrcilzetlc la sofle sau se$scliddc iiri-n pctl+ri son id rlrldipost. Noattco eolindn lindurca,ci!liiod!mdi, clm a, ii pnsi'clc,eiprioir+ nici sa+ istrcli, sruesrca!6ldn8a o suNi dc sl)n lxcarc Yin si sc dry+ oni'rrlclc SDtrpropi. rrc ncsnnllc dc padi, lporii prn c rupuL iD itul.l.lui !i o

Anacondalsrc unuldiDiLe cei DDi lNsi iefDlr i i r i lc l rcc! , turu par lo a r jc l in)apcL. cugiLorrc lcrrc, piindnrdDpdrifid rrizii. C:iDd $ rnnlal slpr.tie de ul. ]rertru a hea qri,onxcande i,si l) idr ricfinrlft,oclcl. aoryulu,. fcmclidclnduo ldi nar'+rc L! lrlnn lLL,li du Dri !ji,nccrrc in LngD0 dc 70 cn.

Boa constrictorBoa corsriclofiti amarri FRda,crm arli pisiri ti mniiir.,inlii$Lu,iDdu s+ in junll viodn+ipini cc rccartd !c sufoci s.u $Lzdrolili, Bor ili pcllccL ctx najmare parre a li.rii h sol, dr urci riin copaci i se poal. p rd. ilo

Rilplindif tr:,\rrr n d. SrdDrutr,ifcr Iriinlinci: rrtr.r.r

$arpele de copaci$aD€L de corrci, nn,;jt silroomslog sau iaryele BooD, +steuxul d i 'Lr fc cclnai act ivLsimaiotrh lod scryi din Afdca. Vcninulprodus dc glandclc spccial. curscpe dinlii mad, zinFi dir gnri !irp0i intril ini)orlul ljcrin1ci, arfficicArd itufclc muscE.ln flodnonnal, F{r.lc oinolri cu aJltorrl!ctr nulLri !nimalc.r iop6rlc,b'.xttc ti tEslti. dar mnFlituru luic moil1li ti l)enfi! oamcni. Ro'roriacrcil dnce rn cslc florocer.

ni:,F::id r!r: i n Aknr cao+:;

Ril\rlod n! rud rliuLCmidri

Dennni..r nin4ili.i /'lrxdlii;

RlisDii.dirrn: E1 rop$. r$d ec*rl

^r'r.il, ^qil qp€cq lps rn{ 3

Itrn(miror tiinlrtui: nrah

$arpclc@@"popindiuS!ry+lc ldl]atrdiu sc crrir i cu usu-rlrilii colaci tl inlra in liz{iniLa fcl dc u$or Sc Llrin{Ffu iLl p lr jp i l0 ior$i \ i f t i r i f i - is iloprr r\ Fe crre re u< de snitr;irdn-lc in tutcrrlceic lui nclc. Vic-t ma cstLi stiarrs,iItu]i cAnd sc su-fo+6. S+rpii p,]piindiiu s! nnpc.echcizii lrnniivari, ir lcn+h YarL+puic rjar! Ii 24 dr ouii intr'ov zuinn sflr subun blstrm. Pui

, i ; .Ja

G'g

$arpele de apd cupeleC{Flbil sii sc dcpl}sczc urora{iit in apli cill ti pc lsatrl,xrL\t rjrilr Frintu rirlili+rm

U unrirEi itilnlririi Erltd,B ar fi perri sar brorltc. Odii hin c suftt nd,cFali inai c. irfnErilc sc &tlil)c ton$ dc $s acapulL,i. Cilnd ia4iclc sc

lcopcfilc, Arc un vcn r dc r

$qrclc dr i{rbi itu{li brnc tivinerzi Iretli tr broetle dinra!dlc dn' liidlrj. d.r i1.soircci.Fr us.at E5lc !nul dulru !.im{i(omsui!{ryi dh Eurcpl hrsczotrul dc nnpcrcch*c,nHs LuliinLcc curte fffidleiihcrirdLr'ri bii' ljs d+ corlLrleiEi dcFuc ll0.,l0 d. ori irlFutr

dc iarbd

135

$aryeleverdc mamba

$arpele cu clopoleiI L,ruiaLurJ.r(csL saryc vrnrnos s. ascxnde iitimlnl z lci arl un luli$ sao inrr-orizuinr'r, iafnoa|ter iese si vinczcF cci. Nbolari ii sopirlc. Lo*itor!l detemLLui, ifll}elc c! clol)olciar. m-ilild.orbit d€ dellamrc I).nNp. l$ unduicrl. c.Ful,$felinci! norr doui lorljuni rh ficcirui!'c ati'rg solul f.rpclc sc icplisi-zi tu ht nl, imtniBifCu s. itr

!rrtc a !jelji iLr copxci, 'r

csr+.au{n piiri.i t ropirle ir

s.zond de nnllercclr+rc,

!j'r(l+. Ei ilinEoliccrc coL!{rilc unnl injurl alllr,r ii sc arncninlli cu

\ r r r i t r l r lm , . . iRii:Dl'ndrtr n.crrk rdd /i j i.

Ins,tr,ni.M rriiniiri{i rrrrlD//i,i I.yra. drt ,J

c.*^^t^ n- - , .*^ ^, ,oungr,{0.sl !rrpe i!i fcriccc loali !jrFjn mxrc si N iesc r c odnd I'cnscat Ar. nn cor? lio aflalizrL io €rali in lbnni dc c.irnn, clr crrl!c Fopflseizii pir rFi Rc.(pttr6cr,lrr Foxt. sia irb rlli ltu5lcdoui orc. Cr I.ri leryiide Dsq schrinct(c cu pett€ tieltc r.ninos.

$arpelc arlechinDcsenul {0lora! rl iarlolui drl+dL1iravrd zcazli dllrtuij ci ntcnr escinn'1c.ti5!,1{lr Adcsr $rF liler'ecc n)arc !a!Ic I dqlLrlflilngrcFt nr nnip sir nl frunzclcuscrlc Dimin$la ilsc sli (ru1{

t$fiir toliflcmici, p! can lc

'hroarii.u n$cttura lui r.cninorsd

Do ni4!9iii iriff4il (t"rAlrrR5!piodn.r: diD Filipin piai ni

+arperc paraolsuluraccsl Sartc csl+ uncx+clcnr Llillirilo.$ il, pcl0.c narc lraie a!'+liiir' {otici. Cunos+,ir ti subnl|tr'+lc dt tffLrclc zbur;ror. clscpoalc lan* nr ri pllL$xllre d stanlcdc 20 D sN nal mri. d rtf-|n co-pxc n' rlnLl al Fdudi lrclicnlc Nuiri coDt,ohrTn,,zborul" si nu rortcsi sc inrllt sinici si rriBcasd:i

@@Rirp.i MtruR: srfth lJ r ire MseI\a(Hi!{{ rliinli[rii: ]Vt.rks

13{r

Cubrr indianiCobu csro un i3rl,c nao tr loarlclcninos. cna sc hrinc$e cu lonrc.i,

poate si xlrrc+ sdu si s.

s,i.gcluivictnnoi. Ca !o1isc$ icu clololsi, sco{lc ur zorniLl

dDcFo s$ c dc inclc dc

I piolc ltri 5L godlc d.ld

- .r$,-:@. t

-ioi.r- ,,r i ^( . ' I

lt.grF utrE/ | .': ' r .4 I vrr , r t (0/ . r ! r . .nr- , - r ! r

I rp8' r" { -e IYlr i rm : . l l , l m Ini:Dimlko: atulStutlorUr r. l:D.nnmi,!i !rinrirll: ar r ol,tr [

IL: vi|Fri dc crlur

@b ;,,

Ri{iidmr Indi.. csrd ^!

n .f iAf t rcSunhDhnffiNs tindti: ,1b/tr mia !

!

RiiDi otiird{r ,{irici d+ ^.'unL,

DcruDi 'crr l l in l int j I t r r l '

Vipcra de( iatron

ctr lorfcci. brorrlc sL fisii.Coi l i e i r jug l i lurgjret dc 5cft, cci m{i nri P,iitr. !iP..c,irr ollau ci cslc foartc tnlenioii.fcdcla di nd$l.r+ lrlani h 30 dc

puir i ; .

N[pArca solzoasd

tcf lcntos L,( !cr : : i Afr . , ! i irtrrltc nio4i oncnc$i deciit oricxlcaLt tr.p+. in tljnftrlzilci, scNcrnde Cc solrc sulr lietro saubr$cn:.

^_on|ler sc h6.ctlc.u

\.ietili d{rn arjj iodc+i, $opn c

ii scoaioni in se,onnl dcnnp.rcchcrc, lcinela d.putrc nlJuidc.hcioui . Puj 'd+ Di l i ( i i ics; l i

$arpele diamant cuclopolei[stc cc] inai pcdculos larpc CinArr€ica {r N{nl, svatd ootrv:L crrc rlaor'i ccltllclc

1tT

a)1. {;

AmfibieniAmJibienii sunt primele animale ',ertebrate cdrc du

tAft pe uscat. Ei au ewl at di Pelti cLt qPlutihLtttir)

370 milioane de anl in ut'md. Amfibienii actudli inc1iSi petrec o ltarte a vielii ih aPd. De asemeneq,

multe specii se fmperecheazti Si depun oudle in apdDitl o A ies fuu-\,e care lriiesc in a1td, ctt '

aripioare Si branhii. Pe mdsura ce sedezvolti, isi piert| branhiile $i capdtd

plimdni ;i picioare, Jiind cupabili silrdiasLi pe uscat. Unii amJibieni,

cutn ar Ji salamandrele nord'americqne, bi petrec intreag.t \iidld

in altd si pdstreazi branltiileeN.tefloare.

E^,s!a aptuxLfiarN 4 5r0 dr tp"c;i ' L'nosc'tle dl

anfbieni, dar alte specii sunt descoperite fiereu Dlspecial in zonele tropicaLe Este prchnhil si existe

Diste 5.A0A de specii. ,4ceste.1 caflstdu in doud mati' prupuri: pe lc-o l 'ar'( lr itnfi i ; Ji 4atamantlrele iar"pe

ae alra l'voaSi l" :i L'oo+'"le riioo:e. Et'J,ra ti-un

al treilea grup de amJibieni, lipsili de picioare,cu corp lung, asemdndtoti cu rimele, nwaili ceciliLni

slhhnndradc fod 0Ilati dc

le spde petc srlb€n€disptr\ci r r l in i i ! c5e seimnddc Lx.ap

FAn! in vitrtulcMii. in nbdoDi+luil cseo fi irli lilnL.i,darmsuldLp+ cdtvci 'rs'csiv mn i cib{l \i .piritcriori|ll llpotiva jntrNiLor

Ll Fate si-ri muile rivniuldc

Ce este un amfibian?A mfib enii . .nr \cncbl,r e ctt sittge tcee.

-f1.terrpc'enrc corporali pi rebu'e si se5oare. Dc,ci au pl'u i-r:. ci aLrsor'r prin pielepartc a oxigenului neccsar, Pielea lor nu atcsolzi ;i trebure mentinuta rmedi.

Ei nu-$i pot controlainc-lzcasci stard la

cga nlal mare

Tipuri de arnfibieniCulc t re i l i lur idc at i l jb icr i sxnt

C'tCLLIENI (/\roDE) S \L \\I^\DRI Sl TRTTONI

srllm drcl. ti kilotir.broistdc !i ccuilichi' {sturpod+lc rmfibicn,i l!, i

licioaLcl. O sal.nirdriitjpici rrr un cofp hrg. c*dilnngi !i !tr'! f,cior'. L).ir

l]rin lonni sc as.Etnini c!ioFrlelc, cr n+ alc i ci piel.soDoasi, nici colli ri ricidc\chid€ri cxlcrio1rc pcDrr{ uRPjcl.:rele d s!!1., binedezvoLlatc,loloscsi pe {sc{r lxsllt$i iorin xpi 1r nnl. ApodcLcau alFctul unor licrr ti h-iir.sosut pamAnl. ieiind h sLrtratcli

scHl.:l-El DE lltolsci

" - ' . ,- l o*.r. *,-r,. i ---- l : \

s!rtt frLernicc DcCirc h,n"i

InLlrri Slre deosebiE d. ri.O5st{ t rbei , r*""*U*, ,_- f r

: 'i;:i+ i;$3

" '

-.^'i 't ". '' '" I

'8 4€l

nrlird l! luqin.r s.KidI

Saltul broagtciPc uscat, bmrsci \l!i,'+ lnngilc tl+laerc din slslcind.Lte Liba, gamta tr l)uha atr ntbxffat veceeeiilNrgrme. Atunci cind bro$ci snre,ticioaiele se deshc rio bf irLg innlnte

De 1a stadiul de ou lacel de adultO b'or!.alipi+i sc dczloltn irnadii cuoscul. sub nuncl+ dc.iciul viclii Ornic, cdrc au uinvcl$ trolc.tor gelrtinos, snDidcpusc nr rpt Din oni ics ormo-locii, ccrc ru coa{i !i bnnhiir.rrnifi..itd d. nigtc pcrii l\'Iofirolocuirro*c sl ii Ep lici.dE,5i rlihitri,n, v,flne ce brinhiiLo firpar. iislilrfiL, atuncr cind alunge sir remenecu nft dnlt j.n niDirlurii nomoloc!lisi Di€ c !i.oad^. Nu mllch;dr$eLc;( rc+lasi ciclu vihl LrtrDrl+ slrcii, oriilc sc dc^olli n)

Amfibiem preistonciAnfLblcnLi dc tprl lui /.rr,{lrsl,Td an fosl!rmele rnnnrlc (*csLrc cunoscrlcIrlriprr.g4.u o vielate rcbus1ii,.u palru

liuior.c. Ca si sldlnorii lui t,iiti, rlercordd ternjn!$ cu o rdt,io:ri tisotziosoiiIc abdo'ncn tL coadi

Ferili-vi de culolilc aprilrseMslfi dtrfibi6i ru Fc p'+lc d{scnc rcguhl+ ii!trr.o:ont€. .{c$tcn coNtiruLc dc obicciun a\crn-

entp.ntru priidir,)ri, carc vof 5t cdlicicd rtnnIirDnLui coDlina s+crclii dczgusliLoalc Mtunilcrcl.!acsr+ cer i4 i L.r ,^ra ni t i l i igF "c, iar r ic lc

sunr.lrinr ona\ i hor'1xfu. Erorsa s'rl-arncri.{ani c! ocli frlli arc te stxte descnc ascminirodc c{ doiochi Daci esr€ atacati, prczBlri

acc!t1,,{dri', pcnlru c! inxmiculsi c(Ldid. dai rnarc dccAl irr rcllitnte

t *$l

Tritoni gisalamandre

xisti apro]jmativ 350 de spccii dc tritoni Fisrlrmandyc, i pirt i ic in l0 grupuri $ru famil i

Sirenclc, { ipari i C0 go, proleul l i salamandrclc

tm(ri(rnr cuDl rmfibi .ni .u corpuri lun!: i l i niciorrcmici, apr'oEpc inutile. Accstc animrlc triicsc toite in

apl $i at l br inhi i piroase ptntr relpi . i ( ic, pc Lare

multe (l;ntrc ele le plstrcazi tojtlli $ala

Sdr naDdrelc liri pllni$i stlnt cel mai nl1llc grup dc

salamandrc cr istcntc. Lipsite dc pl ime , ele i$i ob.t i r

tot oxigenul pr in pielea Ior ulnedi. Exist l cAte\a eltc

grupu alc snlnflandre. din cRrc €ele nrei rnultc au

corpuri robflstc $i liciosre bine dczvoltrte- l'!milia

tr i toni lor include,l9 dc sFcci i . I i r ist i t r i t0ni de api Fit itoni de uscx! dar tci mai mulli st:Ii! in apropiqrcrr

{pet0r.

Salamandla subtircde CalifomiaDntli unft n s|uft nuniclc, ace$laLsxLMrlLid.: arc un cor? tt o codiil rgir ti blirc- P,c:rar+1. sunthinuscrLlc ir {u Lrtc ptttr' d.lcttlD gcncLal,ldiicttc Pt !s.nl ti stdclldscdzii trlai d+lrxbai utdui n

fr +orluldcci( lblos ndtr sc fcpicroirc z,ua sc $cnnd.InntcrcsL!rn. dc pLulc, tar rorpl.{ r+scsii lilr+ic rictili cu ti !um, ir

',.-\

grotdL!

rc

s

1d

F

orP teu

Tiparul Congo crrdoui dcgctcTrFmlcon6 r . un corp l r ! |praroi'c inii iculc. cIc pracli. auil riLxi h nc's lr. otic.i i!$ L.!nuiLlMc n+att*,. cind c ri nr xd!r+1i!i cebmiilcL. ri cnrnn0rii lnr rn)trIzihi. sr dssLmLr nntrri.!i.-posl Dc.r f t l sqr i n1 l i roLsxr!rcn c il t,rcii d. h ril a ,L. T:Iili

l istl iniLiftN: ri or snt l

cong0 sr i,rp.rcclrad in ati- inlt r r dclrN. cdr :00 d. ouil nrl.I\irig.r n. ring.l. Et \c nniiroair . t r l .u l iLof , pc crru l !liolujukr'L !ii:i --. -

; - r t 'X

i+nr. i" r i . , : i p."r rmar

@#@Ri\pli trrtirr, sht t UDlc

cslc flad. rar lic:mrl. sLdl i.L i '!, slabs ilstc a]lforFt o$, 1. njnn,un inlruc!:c torrL, r'n rittrilc iilxcr:]. strb:cmc A.oLo iolocci.1r nid:ol dlfii ucrlj i1fl c,:nstidcj. Colcci olroii dc rDiuHlcN L{llcs i'ir de mrlrc cxc'nihr.dnr rccsr. fscrfurl. cL..(ii. irrcritasri7, l..urn. noi tu {lrc $n,lcscllr lc n ltnnr. scl..rc Ri\plindirci: fo!a lLr:pi rrir ti

IlcnuDirr| rtiitr1ifi iiir l,l.r'rr

1-+*

CileluL de nirmolClit.lulilc ni!nol iti Detre.. r!rLii! a1r rpii lii dc rccc! ii rdultiisu hiMl,iiD,i, id fomi d. p!,iiVincri maFlcr ucnrn.,:tustecciri insccrc In sczonnl dei nf *€chcrr. Icmcln ie|Une

IrDr I 190d( 4ur, lil,iDju I p+frecarc s+arit dc nr Nilcan snu !n

Riipiadirer: cnulSrdklo Lr rc

,4Y-\(qt\v

RllpiDdnu: su r ' l rd

t .

D.nami'cnrlli,'r lici,

SrllmxDdm roiie eslc viucolorali tiafe un corf vrguroslicioi,r.l+ tL coxdr surt s.uft.l ! iFtrccc rsrc f r t . e r lmfului

lc uscat, dai d. .bL..i stliliitrgii aDi1. Fhat! princrtrti{ons!tr in !icDii, iri.cle tilrrladindr hd fli.i Dulliritrrlul dr nn.crc.ire'e,tu .la d.j,urc nnL. s0 i100 rj+ oni Lia*Lc ics lrpiapi.xi i!,v iotri lJni, dFdurnr a(:ulli 3.rr lrri'sti dc

Salamandra roqie

oarbd dc TexasAccrsli srliuMdril lrirtilcnr aF! rlir..lfncl. rtrLle-rar.!. Aic trt.ory lipsilil!ctrlolc, a.hi ni.iuscrli IbrtnbL ir inftri di tuic.rc o tunlLn in ! nli .saltumrnda otu'oi de Li$s schriin+ti? cn rrlen.bRrc (i.

!ctt.ri..aLt la rindul l.' s.LIiiDcsc {r crcrc n.sttslclilir.ilo, c! c p.pnl.ra

Salarnandrapatatar

I

':i

Rifltndlrn: s*lu (iftJ 5:

D4.u'niRN niinf irri: ii.ir'!r

Sirena nuesireur $c urr cr,l lMs, aa dc lLtlr,tif Lcio&lc dj, ti!i, p,rYi.u1cliu..orc.tr ciiLr tra|lll deg.l*, rIslclc ru aft picios. i ori:i crmitciri c. dc te,\I. ILl1inlul zihr,se dctrldc sub boloknisarniiTrini dc I}c tundnt bi: ,luluiNoaltcr icic sn andii nc +1.

It trdt.trtin4ilici n,a,,

s€Salrrraidrclc pilrtc jlr pc"rLN{ nrjodrxlca limtul i l:+ritc i. pxLv i, silraitdu t]aftirr!sl jrL solul nmd, f:tri! lllcarc .filia.|i s+ Ri{ni!

: in 3rutN mri h jutuLbilltL'lo( t$xru a sr lmp{rcchcal, a dc!)uE onil. nr rli,

Irin n+fcrici$, rcen s])..L,tcoltrn sc mircdrj pr+r ds- dn1

-trzi .i ploLlc acia:c a! iroLLLt

iF+Lc In cua sc r+p)ocnc.

alantand ra

i rif3

Salamandratlgru

RllpindiFi: ^mja.x

d. \o ,

Cer mrL marc snlaniandfi dc$cir din luhe. saldn'ddra

rign, arc u i.tr s.lid, un callat tL.chi Di ic i TdLct lc nl

fllfoPerex xtcr ir idescn sNtucundc pi Lnlrc li iz.sruirtFo vialihi ibdrdoMri Sch'dtrctt.' qu dmc, nc,rctc,

Farccl t ic l i ar n c iani lb ic. i .

Salarr.randra de focpiLataDcscn+lc in n,Lo1l lii Ay.nizcutci rccxsti sxhnandri crc co'luldNlpcril c! + rubstrtrlii lilici.dsid'i un gdr pli!{r.Iftana iiinCcta,tcai,i pc loli priditoii.irualtlil rnicer.a s:i o Ffindi Detit ' t.r.co ccr m' mlr tieft x

'icLii p+ usL[t, cr slii d. !bicciilr

0tm!ic.c! rf+i iilrciiin ztrfclruuslc Sdl{handrcLc du foi iclinl+icclrcdTa tc L'sc.u. OuiiLc scdezt.Ltii nr nrGrotul .oll)UluL

fenclci l'csle cam l0 hDi, eamtLcrc m rlr unur

- 50 rl+ !J,. -db|

@BRriltn{lrcr rsal

^!ui.ii dc

Salamandra uriagi dePaciticCclc md rnuhc srLlm dE snDlmnte. d ac.nsd sp&i.IotrL.producc utr s(,!!lgLnrel. AdulFtriicsc pc nscr!, un4c sc.lscu|ld !cslb b!!i. tri sau _lictrc Dc obrcc'sunl acrifi rorple{ *iC sc lrr;rcs+c$ rnclcl,lima..sL rnsccrs si illcvi.tiii m c Pd,niln,e, tn,ncl1d+Fne ipr4xnnxri! lC0 de ori ])e

Itllspindi'€r: o Fnc r Ea'op.i

sd\cstuL n 5 .i, roda.tul IlLi i

Axolotl 1 I/\ccst rmfibiM ncobilnuil cslc d.Stu zjlclc doxsLrc, pcnru +6 nuLtiAtr':fus, ruLli phru conequl (udnimir.. rr ir rJ,,r in! ft rrn,, '", l i i l l l i i iatr losr inrrodlril'Eri dc !d" *;;;;i;i;

<-,- '1

Apodul sud-americanCeoilic isau alllllclc nu sunl

Mlllilxalotl ,imAD toaii vialaln ! DLnumirc{ rriinlnxri:sladrnl dc ianil, cu bmnljj in iotn].: ;,1,|rt{d44#j#,Bn;

T tonul cu creastiAccst biton, nuni! ii dlonulcunegi, drc o liclc nccidalL{li,ca4 pc s!a1'i sc transformii insc?onul dc itupcreldc iDr-ocrensti, teDclclc sunl adcs+anaL mari dcaiit rnarculii. Trnoniicu cfsaslii sc hrlncsc dc obic.icu Dicl iclcdcbrarc. Lhj

TritonulEStlC

Rispindi' er: nAUr xla hr.lrDenrni|ei giinlifi ci: lirx'rJ

*u:*:ylll:trs4yll'r9qn9"!.]rlrld

I

RIspltrdirca: mhl ^ruicii

dc NoId

da lRnit, dar nnii sjung adnLli ri -_j}r*!r!:rr'r;;a:rrrlr* sr!'air.rs:dloc{ilo.i ai rscalLihi, liprli dc

4s.la'nlDdre, ci apr{in M{igop slaBl dc !mfibie'i

nu xrc solzilc corp.l9i pctrccscea llli marc panc t liclli sub

liDihl. hrilnldtr s ctr ratrrc.

Salamandra iaduluiln cir.rda numeLui, rceds6selsnNdd naLe esle o finrliii'ol.nslvi!, carc sc ascuDdd inrimlulzilcipc sub tj+liele di' ryiNoalid i*c si vanczc costecc,rrcl.j ii ljefti, Dc c{rc iides+otEli dulii nnos ii pipin, tucu ajutonl r'llzului. Toi ni!,ftmei! deNne piDi! h S00 dc onilirt'. groali sipati dc rus.ul in

r.tspindinr, ^mc.

jci dc Sud la

Dlnumitur niinl jfi cr 5i,i,'.,r1

RiisDiiniilrer: Lrlol Slirilor Urrc

C ryptol',artu,'.1 Lt.,i!^,:

Acesl tfllon se nlhulle,st€ liinccpuel lri,ni!cf ll. Fc,nclxdcputrc pc plnntclc aclalicc

Iani |d400 de oM. dh. i rElon'clc ics d !n doxH luni Dutd

trarNibffi6 ln s!'bidul! Acesljap6ft1scsr ilpx ti tdlicsc Dc rscalpAnii L! trci ui, duFi crrc sciDrorc in {pa ii{oUD adulfi

B

*

Broaqtexisti mai mult de 3.5u0 ae specii ac rrorl$*l$i de bro ite reioase. Oricare le-ar fi stilul de vidti,

toatc arati la fcl, In mod obi$nlit, o brosscd adulti arcmembre posterioire lcng|, degete unite ii esie Iipsiti decoadi. Piclea este tie netedl, 1ie plini de [€gi, dar esteintotdcruna umcdi. Ca loti amfibicnii, Si brolttclc suntih mediul lol. atat pc uscat cet $i in !pn. Inortn, sar $ichiar se catiri in copaci, Crle Ind multe re hrdnesc cumici victdti cum ar li melci cu sau lirl cochili€ $i irsectc,pe cnre le prind cu l imb! lor lungi r i l jpi( io:r\; .Broa$tclc sc inmultesc in fiod normal in apii, depunendoul din car'e ies pui cu coadi, cflrc triicsr i api,cunoscu{i sub numele de mor oloci, Nlormolocii re$piritn ipl p n brinhiilc in form?i de pani atlate de o parte

ti de:rlta r capului hri i du-sc cu plaDtc. Pe misuri cecresc, mormolocii iii picrd hanhiilc $i corda, crcscindu-lc $i picioare. Ld retevd siptimdni dupi ce ies din ou, eise hansforni in ni+tc broscutc.

Broa scaalricand cu gheare

.^ccxsrii broascl diorsl s+dclldscari nl apiL ca rn

pcltc sipoalc cliar s! inoalcin.poi Sc tolosqr dc ghce-rele de laticioarele din talipcnm a s6!a r'1r narnolul dr !cIundul bildlor ii Lnnrilo4 ni!-cAnd odcc rictlle inlilfettc,ch ! ipropr i i i | 'ormoiociAccNdbroNc6 sc im!4cllcin ap:i, mas(lnl scotaL,rd flbajri !D zNrzel t)e ru alragerer{enElei. Ouiile se lipesc depl rel€ rolrtice, id dwi ioptqz lc din c:c ics mormolo+ii.

Broasca de slicld

lrirlindirsr: L:ord{sd ,{ra.i

Accaslai frlicalii h.osculli tdiege ii)(oFxcjiDjci$i tu lufiirtri. de.bj.eilingi o ap:i curgit.rF F. degekarc nirl€ discnd lipicioar. caE oajrtll sii sc p rdii +lutrci cind trrc:i.Fcmdr deFune ciordrni dc ouii repar!fl dcjos r frur{lofcarc rrin',dcNnDm rp€i Cind ics din oti,modnoto.Li .ad in nt i i i i t rcon)fLclcxzd ciclul d+ dcn+itgrc.

'*""""*'-a

Risp.rDdinxI n.:n ,{rnE t jd!

_-eslnqa&1w41€rrl

*-t

i.I

flsY

Broasca fantomi. dcNatalA.easli bro!s.i ldieste in i aur leralid+ de n'!ilc Fcrncla dcluncoLrdl+ irL.-o hlLi sr! p+ FicEiluluncd. O dru icrilidnr oui.honn{Lo{iiihlri ih rerL, 1nlinduj.de fierre cn alnlorol glLr lor lorcanigc wntuzc, ca si nu ilc dr!idc

Rispindirtn: Alicr di $ CIhmnir.r !iiltrtift r: xl ii.rii

I **

din lonc, broasca rirorsi ufirsi ai+st irtfodusi in nai nulte 2oNdhrrfam hib;tGtul(i ci Dahr(|.A+crstr dcorrucc sc irilnctr+ cunMole.nro diirug llanla! ilc, cr|nlnrli ceLe de rciic d. zaLri.,r riL,il h contolnl p.pular,lordiiuniiro{(. Ac*s1i broiscii atc]n Frrtilc lnlcnl+ aLc coQululdrstr Bldnd. Mrc Ir.duc un li+hidotrivitor .aL€ Drorlurc i.ilaliiDunifdrlo. carc inccarci sii oDiin:incc. Ooilc srit dcfusc if4rl. iff d$pi hclTil+ din.le is

Broascaraloasa urLa$aUnr dn .c c€lc nainrn.i b.oaslc

ni{i n!!: vclrl Eu,bl.iD€ruDir€r rriin(incii:,llrrer

Broasca raloasamoagdZitH, broasca diqasi morii seascud+ srb bu$cri su incriililunlc dii zidu N.a$ea. eas. hrirclrc cu Lnsccrc 5i rhc trricividliti Dnpli cc timch !ir dulrsouAic, hdsculul lc id Si LerransFo.ti pc spnlclc Lur in lotdrntul d+zvolttdi L0! Cind tuiisunl gdrl sii iasii, tus+ululhsiouih id iFrpuln adinci .

Illifimei: 10-24 dnItirliudisi Sklrlclitcr ssltrL i

lilni in .4mn x Ccdn li i, ' ! sud i

Dcntrn,irui rtiinlili.i: &fd

Bmrs.x o'ienhln.n pnnr€r de

@@QD.trur'*!a f lDL'lnri: L,,r,t,r'

Broasca orientalicu pAntec de 1'ocPlclae dcuvclalii ll vN coloFlia acsteibroarlt riio{so chnirno slbs1arlii IElio$E c.rrc ial!gun ii o.hii oncioi cl.caril.,ncl,r dclunc ouil+ sutrbolo"rnii dir !![. Ourilc smLSiupit cilc {od pa.i li o i,

Broasca lop[tarErfcfrt nr nrgr.parer nr piiminl,iccrsLii broasci arc h fir0&e dir)tiiciou.lc din spdl,i o glcdil ld..crc o ljuti li siFrl. iri pexec+z n itrriz!rna ci, irr n.otlea iesesii se hrliucns+i. Erorsca loldtarnitcalti] .idcr ca floLil)entru atucclc iiJlruurce OuElr suNdcpu5! nr !l}l di pl.aie caEliftc!t, normoloeii ic{irLd do$

, t.:.t1i

$'.;;;:..]i,

\rirnnci j,inj,l.D :;. n:irpiindiier: v.nulsturrlor .:. Lr i tcr iY. i i .

D.Dunircx lriinlilict: i. J.,r,itr)jar na,rr,n :

t

1/4i

Broasca de aurAce.sti br..s+A Nrls.uli triielietlm'e nunzele n,oane de lr. solul

lidurii, dar sc fonte lsflnde riln4r5priiufi nr copaci sau srinci,atuncr cand vrcmcn cste uscati Are

lc spalc un scut Irrc, p€ +dre l!o c folo si tc'tu l]$caH i,,rri.ijln ascuzii, ast|il nEntdiniBLru sil s+ DcrLlini

Broasca marsupialdBrcasca DrrNpialiL are o melodincobiin!ila dc r.tilufir o!ilc,DrpI c+ irjll1+la fu' dcFnc oodk,nlscllLd ! njuliL sll lc inpaclciczcintr o l}ungl d€ piele de p€ spal.Citc{q sdlrtimini'nsi laEiu. exg6rc$& o rptftrlitr adit'dd, in.rfc'ili ldsii puLi, ricrcnili d.ja nomo'loci- trdln dcschidicr pusii, dw folosette de degetullLDe de h

_\. \

Iri:piindir€n: sud (lul BrtrlicL

DA

6@ry1r l i , inrr : ldr ] iRifli ndiE{ Aun,nli! {Duu'nna$iinfilici:

'F\lrtlt rtrytu ..tnntrta

:]t*

Broasca CorroboreeAcrrsli brodai loclicttc l)e uscat,drrla rpropirrca apci, sd4 oslinduje snb run.niuri dc copec sa!nni .o v in in ip€. iD l i ,J srpn sin-gnrl:. vsra, lerechiLe isi crc+3liiid nla ini un cnlb. Fenehd.punc lanii la l2 ora Mn. Dcobicci. uftul dirtE fn.inli piiz.tLo$Elc ih vf€hd.e se d€zvol!6.Monnolocii sbn de obicei in ou;pinil.ind viie o ploai. suficifll d

Itrrchi.ii p+nrru lr lrr! ouile h re(,und€ .i ies in .li.L

'5ry!r"r*!r*y*:.6.oP:oryrre

Broasca cu corn

Ri\!i liru| Atue.j.id.suc

Ristindi(!, i..dur J cdnfll

- S, hrinrrl. fr, tulLi. u,icihorrle ii 5+ eci ri trobrlil qi

rnidiici ti nior molo.ii I Fp.ei

Broascr cu com cstc iptoaF la talde lalii Ic cit csrc dc hrngtr $i m+ oguft niare ti un ftF lal ,\rc oclinLici, iaf fe fiecrr€ lLearpi ar. onhflintLi, Chi{rdaci ili prlrrcctri,lltimp ?e juDibie ingrcfaii in

pirden| xrc dcg+lclc latiel rtnile

14$

Rii!pii iei; Judu sttLor ah'ic

Broasca luiDarwin

ts{AFJ

.!\.drLir bro;!tr ife obicriuridc inFclcch+.c n..bitnnilc

; i Fcm. a d.L,rn.20 pi i [ ,1,15 Jc

\ \ ouo pe 1rmru. Cl i l r .aLtu scrli lc giiu csc tiint de 20

de zih, Fetrii cind !!irnEe!(sIY<

si sc ui!r! io oni. Atunoll$ic ndurlia h tur.l FMLr li oui ti l+ l*sll si l i.c.iftr{ur sN dc snb bn$rtM{ff$|rcn conliNri si! scdczvoLlc ii a.csr sr. Ciind nr,rjLrns rhr. xrici brod!ilc,

@eRilpindirlr:.( nli nui! tl1!

Dc'qtri.!r iin,lili.i: ig]1,

Broasca riioasiorEcIitoarci\'jrs.{lulr(cstcr stccLi are cel nrr!trrcrnic orlidit (Lin1r+ b'oailel.fii.rsc clropcnc. D..br.cL hr'ueltfc dininl, dir adcscr r. siisc!Lc in

rtllpi$ca rEfil li chiar !cp+atN ifiE$cch4i iD npli sarnlri.r\.rrlc bjndilc riLcasc sc ih!c-rcdrc(zi1 ioai,ter, iu Ic rladcpun.lr apl Ptrlir idiii+iiiBsniide riLri la 1000 d..triOuile se lranslbmri id moFnoloci nr ll)roxin?rir l0 u iLq

s+hinbd (r o !i(czn nlmiro{rcctrlo{rua ILclLi, dc h nt !. .rlcschil r'd soaj. sl ilucil{r. llitrlh gi irc[is pc nlhncLic.tsrolftii sc lidn'll.!. ldilrc(lu lve i FeDolx dcputuin rpri linri la 000 d. ouli

@eIti\!;ndircr: ri ertuL cin*lcr.

Drau$irLr tiniriict ttrn

Brotacul erfopean,\ccrllii bt+osci.tr Dic!c fitrli iljtclrccc cca moimaE pxrl. dirvia(i! nr ropac,. iripoate

tJroascl cr f lprroafeAc.$tii bronsci agi|i lonle siirc ur.c iLr.opicLii si srrli Lni , r i l n i dr l l , ) , imoihaddc+il troprh lrngirnc..|l]onliS.lrinejttu pinctpnl cu niicipi1turjctri si insoft , idclusrvins{ctc zlurirorre, !c cec lcpindc sli.iid ni a€f dupii rl+. iftsozorul rE nDFreche$,nrsculLi shn nr coprcr, ir ntiagfonclr ctr dant.cnl lor {r dc

Rirrlind r+! nfrica dc!!d

Broasca dc rodul-p[mantu]uiBuf E cnliriilortrL, xccesri br.rsci

nr. !c licriarc dcgcl +iltc flD d$;drirc. Iidos (D crrc s. l}rDe:de.!p,u, ln,(a i t rkr :o.r i x

i. pirioddorcn! ponocali+, da(, rc$ul coirnhri ili $hnlbi oloa

l. rer jn furicdc dccond,liilc *tr.

l- InNe. m s+zonur 4e tmPso

1 a Jurtl de rodd !tuna,rul , deI unde ch.anii tuflcl.l€ ScI irnFruch caTi ir rpi. irrronilc

slf depisc lrc prenrc

i , i9

/1Hroa$tele offavltoareroe$tcle oki\dtonre r+ nunra.ra pfilrltc cci ll':ai .oloratramtibicni. Dar penl: LL unclc acci:stai rtpit|cnli de bijrL-

tcfic crtc un averlisnerlfentrlL 3DjnrtlcLc dc 1)f:ldi. caatesl€ si re lrnir dcpiutc, pcntru ci l j i ica conl i fe olr i rur j: lhem de periculorsc l l roxltclc nu

". i pol lnlecla oir i t \ i i l t

rrrrmic. F.r qstc Frfihrsii dr gl Ddc sn;clile ii lisill:-L jtc

fiele. lrr sft)rr :ind broesca intr a milsa li c_,tloasii FerLrulriditorl. Broe!1ele oLriivilorrc tr:1iisc ill FardL;lilc t.o;j]caledrn Amcrita CeLltftli' Existii nliroxilncliy I5-a dc stccii. dafnlrrnri 55 exlrctr dc pcrienloasc.

'-r9'

Broasca o1IaYitoareaulteOrrvr ia,r f .1. . r rc i l+ l i d l lcL\L,liioi,i J. r n nr. r nilii.:tlr

tli.! ir l!::lirl Ll d li,:ii,i + , rlrr |.J: r r .L 3i r . i Jr n r .N? l lc t r+sLc aLl l nc t rnfLL r$i ! !nrrrdqfil , ..:!tr ectsti 'rroRr . \j

l0irr (iiridi irl.isLr,lllrt D!rlif,r{cLrttcrzi i\rlri:rrcn eL |E t.:c:crIr.r c in dtiril ah.:f, d. r n:

Micd dal moltaliLtu arlF t.l :ntLi pr.rlnr5cbFr!rt cLrilriL!. Lr *Lr irl|r!r!rr(rr . r r r r i i ; r . . \ r . ,n{ h. . t i 1, . . ilLtrr i r inc (h do: i r r dr 'orr lx. .i. iL ..1 frJ r lll d. .f ntr

f!!.ni cn C$ili r$ i !. .iirbri$Le Fit !r.Lc onr!i,r.:r..)rii Liirr+d.ro xlin-! !{. trm rliirL:. c.:.t fc i r f rd i i i . i r j i t l . r ]brr l t lnr t r!cif,i ctf:L iLcr \irjirihr rj,9!rlo. S:ll.ilr.n. :r! i,sirLtr|: l:rrlfu ijr I rlrx

tnLn5nr ( l r r r i r i r r i [ .oJ:cicrd in:i d.Io!t Lar rr

ztv=

I

-PZ

l.i

l ltgr-lrrca purorl0Nlr brcasci,1.:bc rc sii d.nLmolucir cr. tii,ri cc ..ctlidcrrn Lfod!(+. Ea ii carn i crn|rli. ti ii phscili iLr grulL ri .l+ilioxanrti! lrahx il mitr biillrractLli aFri e+m nurc ifl ltxtriq, hrlnric:i lx 1r.cnrc.rt.!! 7iL. \jlhiar lcrlr'i,i sjrr. tritc.r DfilD0IL ilt$r Pril itr x.r liro,iir run slrtl tr I d. icc.n surt 0

!tudr !tnxrn lfDnr xlc r.ic:iiir,

3.. \ rc i$ i i i . r r r t tnr l r o 'n i r i

b; i l tonL, idn,rr o a ' rn/ iL. x l la l i sh.nnFtrn.apxc

Itlru. celc h1:iririrflrsr !iruc roir+b:.:,t1. c.tr1\L1ar.ie trL rri:i'D.,/,a,ts t,.i,rn/\. .rrc rrc .cr.:.Ce !r xlh $tar rrlLxrilci ll:ie fnxdl:tr.tr:r rl Le re. orlirLLnic

" ,1

nrisp:indn e* ^r

x d;sqLrr

R ta pE I r r u, i i EtE pn I Mn E

Broes{r zbtrrtuo$rc x lui

Broasca zburatoare alui WallaceA+cas15 brurs+i rN 2liain lropnuz$! cr lLdeaTr o+ ra m topdo laaltulaltidurli P:ciorele cu delrtc

un'te I lielea dc ]Jc piciar-,c acl,onctuii.tr o tnutnti)r o trtua sn prnDeTc in 3..pibii La l2 m lloas.. poarc

clirar s6 cilrmc.sdi. Drin

fo.rrc pndE hLm dcsl,c obi-ceNrLc d+ trm tlrr+ {t! N+esreLbroRltc, dirsc crede ci l5idcnxn+

ouiile nrltr0 masd dc spuhii,

- .{roadd n)iu.itrci

Broasca ploiisud-afiicaniAcexsli brolscd dolotanli arcfrioaE riic, r, o 8,imsdiid. ncgilc slarc l$i pr!.ccr

Lris!;itun$r Ati!tr. Lt $dd.

adfu ostuf i subpin,incnc. Fc cr.clu srticu ajrrorul pntnicolorpiclorc d,n sp.Lc.Icsc la supn{addo,tr n1 |ilnput F.joddolor plo ioase.cend \liDerzi rDsecte ii sllc nrc

\reibr, BotrEdq ZirjhrbwcD$trhngr f liinlifi {n: f rdrt"i

Broasca bo1 ingustF"xcclcnrI silD6!0 LLfc, N*lstii tr1i+ibosscil poarc s! dispari nr }intutnrltro cli!.. In lirlDul 2ilcj rimlinein vizuinli, hr nodFtor isc siivircze insecte, de pildn tuo ci S.iinnullcstc vara, c.ind riloxl

Broasca temitdDq,t cui,r iis!,rnc !inNrclc.rlc.aslli brcrscii s€ hLirei.ln fl n-c j]jal cu tc.nirc ri turnici. l+l{lc!,u cololxlr dY$hzoizi airl}|rs,'bsh .l cu gxsr urii! carc jriL;gua seuticlc,r mi lll,,lni d!!radil. Brort!cLc rcrniri s. irmrl,lcsu in bllto!+e ruin adarL.i Ouiilc$L r.oF irc e! o slbmn{ gd.!inoasii tr sc irbcsc dc!ldtrle siunan tc tundullilli leni h icrn€r

Rlipindiri: r'd $1tr] liuori,

. .

i!.

er@3r:-i:!a*ht{e*&fl +{i

Broasca de mlagtiniAccastd bLonsci zgomot.asi \'P.Liccc.ea nd n1fij laile a lie1iiill api, dar iesc!+ melu srn

fhL.itc tc rroE€ lnndc nrnine!*r.bra(.' si chiaf ri bi{i llsiirr!i mamif*c. l.lrsculii .iLni zi !inoltt, rndi alcs ln petr.da rcilnpr€cheb rcrncla detuN mii dcofi, nr cilira dorclini.

Broasca obignuitiAc+asll bronsci iii pcLrc{c cefi Drlm.c panc r vrelr pt us4a!,klnnrdu s€ cn insuctc, tiLiiniori !ialIc rid!! tr,ici Se nrnnllc epflnrivdri. cAnd roas[ulii dkagf€mcLclc cu orliciituri grarc. sennleE+h. n in spd, femcldL:dc!uniiid ci.ahnri dc 3.[00'1 000

Rlilrllrdia!: luLotx, pifl nl

Drnunno !dnrilirt: ?a,;a

B_roasca pItatIsapaloareAc.rsli bro{sci rrc un cnpln1c rl!$culk. al ciird lilfbe ene

a.liposnLlui Ileililii sryi cuajuto'!l crf utui, ihpingliCs+hl, dLrtE cde iluinrct}zilcuaj oru | pulcmicclor I Lc'ddt du

Broasca

Iatn lcmeh i9i dcpunc oualcm{riinLr-o vizuj i ci}r rFdp!iL, ca sBliun turcl pfln cat+mo0loio.n i.oaG Fni La aprr ccn

]]:1!pindirer: ron|) ili.ii d.

@eRi(pindirR: cci Drlj d,arc iiatii Amr. ld. f io ld,ru c i ! r ! r

D.DUnirer lliialili|Ir rdft

RlrpiftinH *Lt I csdmt

Potrmn€x rriintjfi cr: xnM

leopardA+eastt broase! sc adaptcxd L!!p'.rpe oricc fcL dc ai,€ timihitrii rp'rxpc oacc tldenici li+ratc indlmtr D&E e{etulbunti cind !6nenzi la suprariti,sre ii api, in -o sei! dc zjg-2aguri. i' $zoiul de nnpcrcchcr.,

a$ulii $ag j+Nl.lc cu un Jelde g.ohilialE Fiecrre fcnclidepu!. atox maliv 20 000 dcou[, +drc 1or s]! l)e fundd aPci

lard h ietn.i rnoDolocnor,duti caD til.u snpli$ini

Broasca-tlouCc. mi m.e brodc6 di',Ancdcs 4e Nord. broP,s,;a'houkiic{t! n: npa, dar i$ifeft.etirit !iti€ usca! Ia nrh,l rpcLvinerz:i N.Lprc[, !i LnziudiiNeclc, pcati, broaite nd micitLchilr !illis5d giserti Est o bnnisiil.are tipolrlc sA sid d+ tapluo mai mrc dccet f fopm

inlo.ch*e. lcncla dcf !n.in rlifini la 10.000 d+ otri

I 3-3

De ce sunt otrdvitore unele animale?l\ fulre aninlalc folosesc orra"a pentru a jeJ-Vlapira de rnam'ci. f i ind o h-ranii repl6cuL;,

mici vietati ca broa$tele rdioase gi omizile potsi se apere dc auimale mult LIai mad. MuLteau desele viu aolorate, care servesc laaveftizarea ceLorlalti. PrEddtorii invatl sE facdle95rura djruc acesre culon vij qi g.rsrulneplicut fi nu atac5. Otava este fi uninslnrmenr utrl al r.inarorilor. Aceiti l ofolosesc pontru paralizarea sau omorireaprizi , inainte ca arca,t" "i poatd fug .

Br+Nc{ dricntrti cu partccde loc dE mici glande d.

A{esler prc{nc o s{bs$nFou gusl nelliout. Dmi esr€

ircantn i{lclc rotri dL Dc

Colri 6eJolose edeolnv6 p.nttu a-iiornori Frda O dall n$cm liclnid,ol8u ir*e de Ir glindi in Elii lritLntmcdl ul . analclo r speciale drn dialrl dinfitll:i

'uit0ftLlni. $rOctc l)odq !i Bn

scuLpe letrin, lefiiu a se dtiia dt idbici

t3-'

F.!'

." _i r

ScorFionul ill Ir:Urciliri \l$ :n!r*rs ctr *lx:ord i iu

oritLl Ja D;oDcrox rrdull,i!+Llc ltr riL:trl .ozLl, elrre llNde cu lenirl Cirrt

sr.rni0,Dt xltrci, ciad;Lrpli t.rl inxiir., l.n.

corFul lrotrf, inJelsd!.lln.. nnrohii tor ion,i

acfiral \."1inir in rtrLtolLlrir s{ortioxi rtro orclri

nrnci.ri dn}rle LoiD.nttr r.rn.fi un .nr

Omid!, luLurelui ntoafh $i:inc\r..n l rnk oEjrn.rc runrili

liplele +rcuiui Oturr N rtcctlr4linoid. drso Eui,triri/iln, rrrlar oitl o,rico cxlu i..qtlcld b grnIl$!rLL lidcarnFrc rlDnrzcsltmnri:rl. L.pradi! si lim d6o!:r:e.CIIC o:ridr der!r.,rlltrur., * r:$u

:5!

PegtiLd orq aceasta, existd in lwne peste 24'040 de

rr)ecii d. pP+!i, mai nulre cJcclit orice alt lip de 'et rc--i*rc,

ti:or l; *in^culi- cu 1obu piic, ca'e nu ttepd-

1esrc I rm. pind la d;fiensiL'ni gigan'ice ca rtchint!''baletd,

.a;a pa@te tu ajungd lo o fungine dc 12 r't

foti pt:$ti i tf i ics, n apd ln miti cxi 't i cel pu!in

l4.00tt svecii, le pe;l i. restul ttdind itt laLLu;;i tAuti

L'u aDi dulce dn rcatd luhr(a' Pe'ttru a rcsptra

pe;t;f 'au strv"turi spcciale nunirc barhii ca'e le

i,ii"t ia "ttr"ga

t:tigenul tlizolvat in apit ln locul

piciodrelor, pe;tii au o. caddL' Penlru a se putea

filtrdntlu-le apoi cu ajutarul unor struct ri dta$qte

ir'ii""nii. Uitti t""ivdndtori activi' rqpizi' cu di li tu1i1i, i, t inp ce alt cun arf platica tr dtodl

i" *J, tto, iuunsi pelu*tul narit si agreaptd cu

depl(tsa Ptitl lPd.

Pe$tii se hriinesc tntro mdre varietdte de

moduri. LI ii mLkAncd plante ^cratice

Allii pri d mici a imale sau le aduxd din apd'

prada sd vind l6nga ei

Ca nnll..lle sncci,i dc F$li,degti pctti cu d{ng1 rlbtrtrcinotrd in l+upun man. nuthtebsncwi F.u ciidai Nn Founos. c,ocl qavale Pedrocarc ci lormodzi bliculilc, drnmriru1 me le aducd in rodsigu +n Plus de siguriqa

derci@ldlL dr *dp, crft *

r@re tnlor@ fuLgeritnr,ts.hnnband d neclli d" inot cu oi!1{alI cBre litalc !i$fl,r.r

j 3/

>_. 7 rhcrlll

Colorntun deolcbiri,lrL: r'uLii F.tjrl\q rs.udl dc innmici !{rst]elc!Lc ui iICdi, abJdneirn d.schis li.d.drc al ma.r. ul- \D.re:e iNni\ rl.n drdgi il ii* Dr*r grltr dr zifn

BRAirtltttn LNtI FESlr OSOSCurn dArhiri (;uf: in.hnn

Cum respird peStii?f cilii r*pri lrjn Dj ge orgarcspeciah, nlltnirc bHnhij, itlaic !cpii4iL€ Latcnlc alc clFnlul A4cftrsu|n tnrnalc ditrtr u h!trrlir rrnL!fe tlicntc to.nc d.li-rc. ir!csutccu vd* dc slng!. r\tunci.n.d rDt0uee tin b*nlij, x)otecllclc dcorrge, rrc in snrye,.nrc apoi tcIfrnslollltu tor doryul. ParLctrcxr..iodi a b'anhijlo. truei rreirrosos rre o ug trotactoar€ LrrcchmL !i la cRlctlnj. fi.care'ufrn}Lc\, afc p'opri. icrne st,. r,rI

BRT\NHIIL! t:IiLI RNCI{N

Ce este un pe$te?eFllr $unt pnrnele vcrtebratc {aniualc catc au ocoloani ve cbmli) oare au triit pc pimenl lrimjj

pc$ti au apArut acum aploximativ 500 dc milioane de, I i . .To . cr err ipr j . t grr f rhr .o.e i . rc r .Jepeyl r . , t rou:roclf i (P.tLr, , ,-oi l . r ] 1i . .- .pa .r de l !blLi" ( .1,, . . ]4;r.gl&lirosd, au o coloani yertcbrald conslifllitl din oasenumite vcrtebre. dc$i [a

']cchini $j crlcalri r.,crtebrelc sunt

lornate clin cartilngii

Slructura unui uesteExisri lrcr grupurjl}I rcipdle'dcIlciii t d€ spccii irudnc CclcDni p'imrilc ildnd,,nouiiodri" ri.,1ittuul du brlti"fclxs cydos unJt Alr.r. 4

.Nrr4r !\ mnu,i D[, pFisTr,

tTT t

anrnar. cn nsF4t{c petlcnu ru mr Lnrc, su'a Lo' liiDiiqxpabili d{a si Ngi At doileaerut rnclde @hinji ri cak!n,j.Accltin sutrr n,norcuiisub num+lel. l)e ticxnihgirroFi, lcnLru {aLsclrclcrolc lor sunl llrnarc in c.dmaL nwclric dnrlr.nn ,,zgiirci 'nrmn ca lagir.IU diD ome AILrciler ii cclbxiftare *tur cin,rh ii,r re$il osoi Cu, lc risprD. numcrcr aogL' l)e I nu\c|clce lonnrte din oxsc,

oclll"

iN r_o RNL( De vEN.tr;zi, NOt^- :

SCHDLET'DX PE$TDosos

IOui pi puiC.h nninulle 1.ntle elibdc,vl inxlliun nunair nurc dc osi miqi.{}oinascrhi .lib.rnzi sper dc..".c !l lenilizr rc+stc ooi, c*rc llcvorplutih r'pfrtala ollcL- tie r tlrdulnn{ !e tiLnd. Dur o(G vor rcslninus.nle lanc. din c.rc rnulte snnl

in.rt ri. dlc liLjliili. Uncle lorsrLtnaei€lur tr ror dcv.ni Ftti!ol..m sc.fianli .{ adultiisFc+ic!,I'rdr1!i 5c lxiDetr. fi !r d$cn1r.ur gd0li!r+ dc lre li rdullr

PE$',r|l a.ARTir,ACr]ros

effi;-T*Ji,**"

todiliTllc ialr+ tuNit pndgi

lia Lorltl !ro!!n, laii .nrd lar iori

Gurilc peqtilorGutu un!i te$e.\tc n{rrpLnLi lnhBm hi I'cllii c+rc vli'c"i,ftn arn bda.odr- an un tlotLudg !i o mulliln+ de durlresculili, teDtru prinddca lriiT-ii.Dracu! de

'nirc sc lolos+gc d+

gura lui.ma'e tienltu ! tugh4lbros4 pmda Pe oa.. o Dllh]jilccn.,hihlr" l j. nlulli, cunr xr fi

tesr€k balon, au o guri dufi,.aun cioc- F.nLu n zdrobr rr.trilLLccu crrcdsi larc Hci trgnLlilti.azii tuiduscDlul l lanotonrninxldrn ali cu rlularul {nornructuf i sFcinLc, lcsatc dcbmnh'i, ru'rite,,g'chlc".

A,ipi.iril !

lE$rE ososslzastu btoti Luc |1PER ca

mwB-\

15i)

liparii, ,,noud-ochi"t 'recnlnll sl catcanll

t

+ primitile asemnnitoare cu pcltii, care u aum'axilare rdeviiratc. Tiparii dc balfi au un ttl dc

Rechinul makoPc$c }UrLrnic, cu cofp swlu t caplscr(rl,..cbrul Dsko c$e nnt,tnalor rapd il agrosn D. obiccif }rinerlc +u pc$! de $r|)mlhl.l,.ur tu Ji torul !inrcrcul. lcDchde rnolo dE DNrere niorpni !ii.caE r dc2tukii nl int.'iortrl

iprr i i dc balr l t i prtt i i , ,nou)r-ochi" sunt aninrrtc

cripitur.ii carc fine loc dc guri, inconjurati demici tentacule. ,,.\*oui-ochi, au discuri care su!s: ingclc r l tor aninrnle. lol i rc+\t i f3l+i l i l 'ar i t r i ic lc inmarc, drr cxisii li specii dc ,,nou;i-ochitr crrc triiesc inapi dulce.Rcc}init, pe$iii-fieristriu, calcNnii li rudclc lor sunt totipc$ti c{rtilagino$i - au schcletul format nu din oltse, cidin cdrtilagii. Xlrirti aproxinativ 850 de specii dc IcSticartilaginoti, :lbate trlicsc in mare. Cei mai mul(i suntvinilori nctivi, erhip1lli cu din,ti ascR{id pc anrbele filci.Putine din cclc m:ri ari specii! cum ar l:i rechinul"bi1cn5, nu sunf vAlrltori. Acest€a filtreaz.i lricilcrnimalc din Apa miir i i

RechinuL ciocanltcchinul ciocan a,c un cnp la1. i,rficcire cxreD)ilar+ l4cralil Icapului F ln i u od! ! id u. iAcsiti ocli Sr nirilu dcpii nlc iinnbni itllcsc rcclinnhrj vd+rea ri

Cirn€lc dc nirc cilc u mic rcchinca'e 1ri +itcIc fuLlduril. de nrr.enGiFss+ saL| roroio{w, uDdc sc}lilftc c.u pcttiti mvcftcbralc dcfind. Fcnch dcpme otrilc in.rcxsc d(c, carc iiDin l)c turrd,lntic lcrburi $ rltc obi.ctc. r!'LxFr {!li r t}fir l.r ll llul5r JudL ncnsiurca dc lprorimali! l0.m

Cdinele dc mare

Ri\pindiEi:r\rlrorirL I d. \.rd

n*0indif ri: ft e.hrlc Atlmrrc,

rcDu,hn* rtiintifici: rud

Poftele-fieIistrIumareaun.- .urr s l nurd, t r L l€,dinr i

uici , p+{c c-n{rsrru' nDrc. - r r ' un b. lung,r ' fonnid€

l in! . P{ p:r t i le lJredlc sc Nnjt,:srr:1 dc Jinli frrri Pe(fir-tl(ri{rir rr,r +te In apr IuLrn.Jntr : ,1,c fxn l , fDlo, indu-sc dr

. fisr$r;u ncrhu .L sipx ir riiip

. t i n ins dutr , i l r : l ,n. . l reI asc!trnca, toIc si imatc iI

hrn+inlc dr t,:sa iri, mtr,.r i : .n.J in l . r , tb i rut .u

{.rit tl

Riiplindi, g:..trDdLr truDi.J.

Do,rm rx) linlilirii fi ii:i,

Rlq,!ndiEi: roirc o.cn.:eDenu n€i rriinlirici: rjr/iru,.

d,rli, Denrru r anlcti pn{r.

Rechinul alblinitor drc t igrcsiv, e.hipdl c!dinli Iri )ghn t|.i ncrcBuldli, dccstr+ch n omoari !:oLi, dcltini 5i cliir

!iil! ,e.hnri D. nrn'cie..rn:ininri dniftrlc riolr1c ii rest{ri,S nr dn.sctrlc cazurL ic nlacuo

Diavolul de mare deAtlanticCu rfcFk ld lripi tccro'rLcas+ulilc, !c.st Dctrc cslc.cL narin0; din fmiLic cal. ilor Cn sit r rL i fu l brkni J( : r i ,S.nt {c.h inerfc nJ a . ! .u.nm'L:(nturfhnclon anirnnL. pc caru ll iiltfeaz|]

inconjunla de dci tmtLrcrilcSc hr[nc$e N crusl.cq, dm5trindi ri pclri or1' slnrnuribunzi Folosindn-se de

lrnld sa FrcrizuL[ cu diD!i, eLsdti ir co+ulljct1flc' ir

,,Nou[-ochi" demareAdullii $urr punzid car* !chdn.s crLsiiDgc Su ;rr fiCcrli-nt{

'nsxilirc. ci o grfi cr un

disd crij sr rllicsi l)e vi+tirtri:adr dc pur! c, incir este inlosililsl I drj drspridzi. O $'bslarlE E.irLiriu s!trtr luilecc.rr sLligrrc lrrtr1Er M c{rsr h .cljlnnudrc, pcnll L! ca,.hM .cnrsir r. roali hLiini.,^dclcrr. ricti-Dclc ;ro. drt.dtii Iicmon!si.,

is{ '1. \\:;r \-tl

Allrolirrll, Il $ F{rdtcftni

RrlpiadiN{: $nc.clmJh

rll,LxvheGlutiiosa

'.^-'..*

Rechinul balcnIRcchrnrl brlcni est€ .el mrr

'nare lerlc (xislcnt ir ciucaDirinii I'ri, iu Fte un a'imrldc prdii Dcnihs, ci nilnAicitunrscuhL pletrclon aniinal, Ftlarc il llrerzii diD upiiRechinuliti d.ilidt gue ilinshl+ niullil rpn, crrc con!ineinultc niiciaieliil:. Apa i.sc alo1r n dcs(hidcrilc brunhi lor. ilrtllictonul |i:ritr. nr !:uri

Rr|pindiFN: occu! ! ri tr.

9t' ' =

lt*3

/1

Lalcanl $1rechini de fund

xistii mai mnlt dc 300 de specii decalcanidc , r-dspiindili in toatd

lumea. Cei mai mul1i au un corp extremde plat, lat, $l inotdtoare uriage, ca ni$te a pi,

care lc dau o lbrmi de diamant. Ei iroatdfluturirdu-qi alipile sus-jos, dAnd irnpresla cizbor|d p 'rr api. C-lean de'e i . ' pcu ec cer -r,ri -narcpade a yielii pc llrndul sau in apropierea firndulnimdrii, Corpurile lor plate ii lac grcu de vdzut, atulcicand stau pe juDritate acoperifi cu Disip. Se htinescin ptincipal su rnolu+te, crustacci gi pe5ti, dar 5i cuanimale moarlc $i alte resturi cdzulc in mdre.Se credea cd rcchinii sunt Lriqte pe;ti agili, cmeinoatd in apelc dc suprafafi ale oceanclor, dar uniisur. : i lo(Ui .or i r i f r ndrr lu i apei . . lcchini : cu ; , r r r ,infirmicri qi rechinii covor stau pc fund, deplasdndu-.e dodr ca si pr indil pr.rdo clre trccc pr in o1-op e-e

RajaC.rpul llldt al acustui pcltc ostcr.orsit cLr rilcl lepj. ircokld meun rr f dc Ft i rnaihngi

^c+l i lcpiol}i A !citlc d'i rlLtrc{ri. fcnreld isidcFuc auitc nnLo frL,rgi ds piclc

iugu,ati,li1lalii pc fundul nli'ii P!atkutiao o lungnne dc llfoxim iv

Rechinul infirmicrLocun.f lent altundul!i niidi,rcen re+hrn !rc nuL! dnti as+uliri,idcoli lcn|fu zdroblrct rusrc.iloL:Sc clcdc .5 m$tiililo rortoscnsibil+ dc pc oxpul hlilhr ilaJLLLi si-tr giis.lscii pnda te ndulilirii A(cst rc.lin ilj petrece trE+pdc a l i r l i ipc fundut Di i r j i s ialundi.a usl. dinnjrtnn in.ati.

l. {!t

dNlr\ borltcd, iti Nulr!cp:tulx aici Cc ro, rabilierm de F. iirldnl niiii:zdrob+ste codrliite er dirliidin s.)rrclc nr\:hrdor:

Crin!ilntLlL LulnfilL lrifi dr ixrliol0

t.l,c. r. liete de ti. ilit,lLLe lal.rale ale0.I hi, r(linxl color sii pc rilrtrinniirii, in $jLcIlus! !n$F criinriir i.

:"'ig

i r , : ,

Calcanul lepos ,comun $l calcanut-VTLIIU1

'\Dbc:r ,.rrLj sp..ri !u cozr

hxis l - i r t i rn i d. b c . fctr csL l+ l:chs*( rrrLnrr,.i

i k t ' : i : . i : i t Ldi Tct ld r vidtrl cn7i, srrt ir:.i, {LcglllJrir dc !rii, I Drl Lr,odrcFnid Lic.r t r r ! iu f - - , . t . lcd,.x dlxf rtliiirillL, ur crrr lrlrzd:obL clrri 1rr. r rrtui,, oDnr l : . : .h: i m D.h\ l . lc

,! c ":i

Sturionii. stiucile) ,

qi speciile inruditeoti ace+ti pe$ti hliesc id rrptr dulce, dar cei dr:timulli dintrc sturioni iti petrec o parte din viafi in

marc. Ei urci in 16uri pcntru a-$i depune ouile, iarpuii rimin acolo caliva rni, hrinindu-se +icresrind. dupi care aac prima cblSlorie inmarc, urlde igi vor petrece viita adulti.] , Iorunii sunr rot mai rrr i , parl ial pcntru c;oaEenii culeg ouile nefertilizatc ah fcmrlclor, pa carclc mdnenci sub denumirea de caviar. $tiucile $ianimalclc inrudite cu ele lbrd1eaztr un grul separat depe$aj. Jn gcncral, ei apar in zone cu densitate mare deplante acvntice.Ochi-d€-aur, pirlrucus $i bot-dc-clcfsllt apartirr $nuigrup dc aproximativ ?20 de specii de api dulce. Cele

ai multe spccii alc grupului triiesc in emisfera sudici,dar existi doul specii de ochi-dc-aur $i in America deNord. Toti ace$ti peSfi se hrinesc cu peqti fi insfctc.

Pollpterus wceksil,€ite cu c.rp lurgui4, acolcrjl cutohj tar;, jn fofdi de diamr , r,:iicitc piinlrc plantclc acvatice deh nalulr:lurilor $i hcuritoaArc o aritioffi do6Bli

AmiaAccst fc5tc tf,iicit in rr!clu incclcrLfsiroa',r su vcgcillic dcasiPnrnillad, nisulul clibdcnzi! opo{nhc d {uDdului.t!ei !iconshicrre rcolo nn cuib di,,ridiici de tlmt€ tifietdt lcnr.ladapuDc ouiil+, hrmrsfllul lepiizc!i. tinp dc 8-10 2ile. piriL la

$tiuca cu trot lungCln slgocazi iirnnclc, rccNtlilljrci ife trurilrre +xlrfr d€ luDgi,

lcsatc cn dn! $cn!i1i- seascund{ inlrs plnnlcl+

rcvdice, nltepd,rd nFri(iaurorpc$!r sau a nnor crusraccl

Atoi sc rcpedesiiri prnideItmda. Ouilc sht d{pusc prjDlltrirI'i op! pulln adlnci. Onile itlipi+ioasc !i sc lip+s0 do pjcc+ srudc ic$urLIc acvNce i i anlelDn

nc,)bi$nu iti, foffiala dir

Rls]rrndr. ! :Ansiq(!No(L

Ri!!$idir.{ cffrel Afr ! iDcnnmkd rlijriili.li: P/lFrer6

nisDi nar: nDLd.rlrl StlcLo'

Dcnunno tiii'4ilici, lain lzlv

Ochi de aurO(hi d. dtr iparlrfc n( Lfrnilij dc nu$L' +mosculc subinm.le d. .dri d.lunii r\cc!',.au ochimai i . de cul .dt {u i . . ,

!rirru r !+o.x nLne Dodlfcr!

!crorda.ii.d strrt dc oLicei..trfr oclrid. ftr rre u nulirn ia.c d! i i i r i i in i t isc hr l inr t !cni tr ne,lll cu irs.ctc )i lancLo

Pe$Iclq cu trompide elel rl (saupcsteLe tapIIlqce;r r ,s$( is i rx

- , .dr de l r

bolullung, ilr foftri dd 1brFd.iu$cLrn lo4iudiill ai c.rt lnrr du dda!$! !cnlill x fNlluccnici srcnn clcciricc,.i€.reeazinn ciml clcoLric lr ea di'1.lua'll Po$.1. rjrrdtc siinii .fi..Ic urbrrc a lccstuL cDP, .!cr ccil RjLrh si 5i gr'Lscrscii lirdctroapl.a iu in ift lLnbn*

"Vt

z.i:r

. {A'

. -

i2_

PirarucuUnul (linLtu cc iu mart

iuDc, ln(ocu trj ,ge |inii ln 200kg A.c solzifta pc.oq\ ddr fltrsi lE +a! rl Drl ilrinciFlicon{i ift nLlitrctLi iL inscctcPHructrs si iDhrll.s0 h alclt cufLrtrd nisilros Ouil. un dctus.

intf o rdincillrn 'n

11[spttrdir : ,\irlrLr Liu r.'{r]DSL eTLFM Jtiinlifi( i r /i.ro!

' piri{ii Ic piztsc piLdi

Sturionul comnnStlullnn is: I]clft. iir hririepur r lic1ii ni ,Drc,lniri.du{ecu ucfiniiillre nc! ci cbr,rlc. daf

\idcputr i.rch ni rirn.Prj'rivx(, nurioiii nier.rzil jn

|infi. undt ficcaLc ianrel! dcpnn+mii dc i.r.lip,cLo.s. Cc ctrlorcn.a:ril. (llile +cbzlxzi iiapro\imntiv. siplli al.i Pr:et(lriii)iDe i* riu irNi rpraxiridi!rrciaDi. anFi clrrc cilir.rcsr. sprc

relLete vcsLaPcir+lc lisli cslt o rud( asldor L+i. l.oari rinilnddeschisir gnra lor irarc, .urdil{rul aif+ioi lisrr. Mlciloli€t:i1ifin api $!ft t: ni. nl

lcsl+lui Dctuc rorclct , t r . i r , . l ! , r oo, i ! i 1 i u

dtr bolul ::: t.n.i dd lopalii, culjl+ dpt.c doaL lcst+ doui lRi

$s5

{!q-l\q

Rtqdndncr ^ti

ttrlnl NilDSDUmn!{ ti r!inc!: n',4.ii

D.nu'nii er rI jinl jtuir rr.j!t,r

Rirlindi!r: tuLrLeUr L.:

Drntrnkr{ !rn1 tici: !,4rl'!

r lpan, ralpunl $1heringi

ca m:ri marc parte din ace$ti pelti trjiicsc in merc,dxr elistl tipari $i tarpuni carc iSi lctrrc cel putid

o part( a r i( l i i i t | apc dulri . E\iqti perte'J0 dc

'pcci i dc ( iprr i . Ei l r ; ie\r in lot l te ocerncl. ' . {u ' \"

qxcep(in zonelor !olare, Eristi fi cAtcva sp+cij dcapi dulce. To(i au corpuri zvcltc +i :lripioaro dorsnl€ventralc lunsi.Crupul hcringului include mei mult de 350 dc spcciildin carc unclc au o mire jmpttftdnt! edonomici.Aminiim h{ringul, sarderua f i anloa, Cele mai multcspecii sunt marire $i triicsc in bancuri de suprafnti inllrlg sau in apropierea coastelor. fhr!ufiii aprr.tiD uncimici lirmilii de pe$ti marini care sc inr[dcftc cu (iprriiti hcri gii. Ei au colpuri zvcltc $i cozi putcrnicbithrcatc,

' ' , r ' ' I ' inuL t i . . p-r . a n

lamilja lHingului. El srhnDcil€ in pDoiFrt 0

|l!n.lon ti l)cltL mici lcti

rcJ a arinil{ Lr;iLoriin Ddc.

SardcauaSrdciua scauini on herirgnl, ddiN un coQ roruqir !i solzi rDi$rri. Banctril. {€ ird€le nr.rri IasrrtrafRF Np+i,luarniDdu se +uTooflocbn SedcLclc snd o11l'tDaali sffsi {r ltrrhi ii sutrtI'iisN iJr numi. nurc n, fie.xLc i.

Tarpunullc$olrroflir iiLxtid. rrryunfl sch r.!rc mnhc iluri rl+ !c!ti !idc o alii tbncli d.punc n,lioanc d.oui n) spcl4 dc +oal!. drrnult{d i latu. iJ!n8 in inui, md. yorri'nnll+ farn idnd ss lor drturiz..

lrilctrcLc virIi ir DurL, inoali 1rriiuri pcnrru i sc i$potch.d $ adcpurc;crclc ii dc aaccr sc gilscscrdesei r i in xN dulc i . UDi i i t irjclrcc loaLi viaF n1h.ui, da.hLngimea 1or cst..l Diiat diiI-Ieringui dc Atlanric

E.ringri sunl d. dull titup oirnporknt6 su$i dc Inrni lcnLruoem.nl ca( Find cdililirnriin t.cd. aD. ln na,€. inanioiinrtuHlj sun !iisiirile, !lli I)erti.ddfi rii ri {ocile He,i,,gii sehi[rl+sc cn tkdcron. rnioi

Trrp

&

It:lldirlitu!: ro, lcic EL,or.LDtoun,irtr rliiriin.i, S:4/Lnn

Coan.idc tn r shrLo: UirD.nnmnc! niiqili.i,,llav,

RIr}!trJkf! ncs#le ,1rli( i

l)otr ir.! rlin,lifl.li: C/,,p..RirPt kc!:oN.nitrLAtlrdicD rtrur ihi jiijtrrili.[: Tiirl.tr

Jipatul sdgctdtorAc.sr!p car 1R'+SIC rrNdrinrjltrjlc DrF {rc Lrn 9orp lul !rsupLu, cuni tio .lcitlrnrc pe

|Plonlc torti lutrgjtllca. AE irilclinsuslc, qa nn cioc sidinli nsculiLi,

iddrclta! nr td1i. Nrrru

Jiparul deAtla tic

tr!!pitrdin,: rolllnL ^ntriioLIL

i

Mutcnalahrc c+lc cam 100 dc sl].ctid€ ndcic s. afli nr apclccdld. Cca do t!!:i nr+ uncoT \olnl,lipt t de solzi, ftki

Pltcmi.e ri (jinl pureni{' !'asculili Viiniltor n.nii1.s, nnrcttrs. lsdndc dc obic.i pLnrhniid.lc bN+llrLicc, scoriDd doa,csfnl, rJr.pdtd

'fmilh pritii,

corc lroatc h rd fctr+, o selrc aou

Tlnaru.l tepos'! riiul'l€Fos ItrcimnoLllnn,g;i zlcll. dir !tr csE rn!.i+vtmt lipdr. El iit lr+r.dr !i F. ibdoner 1ep:s.uii D.!!o r.esl l)otl.iarl lriietlc in af:]r(d' scc!ftosc i)urne Ltclrn. e secrcdc ci s. |incsr+ cu cairnlntj.s, p. fL,tdul tixi, cu

-:>dI{,nr ttrr.pon linrnila)

-'l*

-(;.

,1r\e+st riDxr cslc conm la {ifttrtilosdinso$c ah ArLanlic!lui dc NodDN {bicci, ii+$c in al]el.l,rL,'ada*ci. $do st rscuDde rri rcnamij ios'j +a si !is+as{E !)frdilrd pctli ti ctrrdct!1+ Penttu a scir n.rrr tun: i r dei t r r c i ( rr io in de Ar lJtr l . r r i dei l r t i r iif€ aFcl. ni!' ndinci D,tr.ni iosnl+l !an. 1r i$la,!ttc, crrPl{cr.lx inlituFL3lc in o.c.d ui 0i sar do',lini sii so tmnslort nrnncilitar

9@eRirDlli nu: {rlsrrN'lil!Nn dDrtrurrnrx 1rijtr'iiici: r4sri|n

l iparul curopean(ansn al'iqrariir:no iriisc ir npc drlcL,und{ sc hrlil+sc cr ir*.rc. crus-lac.ltilretli- Cend srn gnln dliLll)l]ll!,e, tuo.li s!f. rnar., rndDsc tnFftchrjazli, acPun LcRl+ tl.iFor rn.r Llr.l+ i.ttte du tui!lulcsc ir ioivi: lr sqlmliltr rP.Lt iDp {c.ain r c id i , \Foisu nrd, . rpLi strc dr i . iu. ic lo l t

'l;a

.tiFl

..c

.zIJD '

,,si8errri.l !ri'ji. crru

ni{iirdinr oc$nrlc ArkDnr,

Illlspiindir$r xFclc cosreremrdLi. olu ()ccandri ArNiiL

I t !J

Crapul" pldtica,piranha/ .-1rapul, pl ir ica. babufcx t i aLti pe$ti inrudi{i . cum ar1:f i crapul-bi.ul: i mrr na albi. rparl in unui Srrp caproximativ 2,700 de spccii dc pclti dc api drlcc. Eidomini riurile Si lacurile din lluropa, nordul Asiei $iAnerica de NoId. C{i mei mulfi au solzi pe corp, dar'du qi pe cap, cn {i o singuf! inoti lo e dorsali. Are$tipcFti minAnci o rnare varictatc dc victiti, iar r|nii $chrinesc $i cu plante.Pacus +i piranha apal{in unui grup scparat de pe$ti dcali dulce, cei mri mulfi triind in hcuri Si riuri dillAmerica Central; $i dc Sud. Piranhr, pciti cnrniyori, lludinli {!cuti(i, cu care smDlg crrnc8 victimclor,

Carasul auriuColontul cxns audu lparlrnctruiliei craptrlLri Jn libcirlc,lr.ii.iie eleg* t! laduii, i.l raicse afli djn [elN8 llanlc nclnLi+c,dafestc cunoscnt har alc! ca pcioofrran+nlal! crcscul lcrlfu d+!au!i ]!c!d dc agrctucnr. CTxsul aunrsc giscsl+ acrm in lodlli lunca

CrapulPacuNu toli lctLii Iiro(lio sutrt lidilorf*ocL Unii sutrr pclri pirsnici,plarnivori. N rr fi I}aCu Acoii(ip$tl sc li,[n+sc cu nuhe]+ tmd. !s.n rlc.i,c crd din copacn {c !unnludLc drdla' if c e rfiies$ Fis. iolrsLsc dc dn1!i ldl lullnicipenhL r Ie sprrge Pcrrii pirr rrcirc rnil$ncn llftrt+ sutrt

'roritniinail€{i decit sp.ciil€ camilotu rinx maxiinfc atat dc ll$tcftLi.

Crapul cs. nn Fgc robrst, nplnlizalt.literhl De olicei, lriie9te ihrleleiLrcei cugitoarc in crE se gis.scdnr ab{ cLrl:i plmto acvalico, lr;inildu se in princitrl @ cnNlicei !ilarvc Cc inscctc, cr ii.u fldtc.hr+lc sL'nt dclurc ni dpd frLli'r ddnftcn, nnnc s+ lilcs+ dcplRnl+ lint lR

Piranha roquPlrdn|d nu $L'n Ire!tj tn"i, ddrirtonli in b*r'c\rd Dad til]ol sipriidi ir sii o,noa,c anininlc m,iExisti Nladridc lau cirorx incircv. ninut li$a rnuh loed

Rriq,rrrnlx: trruB F A5 |

Denunnt I rliintilicii C/ft$itrr

Rispindir.a: l.nc, or d. snd

Riirpii rdirei I sLC{l ErroDcillrrbdss i$ hrnE r rs€liuriI)cinn,n{r11iinl fici; c}rt is

ii fl tliDle. Pri i:rxr|. nLulfii tcaduii li ryclc tufin adinci, in

car,i i,:ncl+lc &p$ in j!tr {x500.0i0 dc oni. Puii dmir nir.na in carc nu aFnLt calemluni, hrnfindu $e c\ tlan.loD,

CrapuL bivol-\ccsl F+!c pltc ic s.lrrineitc.D LnLt i . r i , Lr , (dt jnsc(k rr

Babu$ca^ccsrlctrc

obiin! I nr riuL schrAn,:Jts cLr nLsect iL cu ldnclrl.t cr ti cn nolutlc. crr$acc1tplmrte- La tr(lul siiu, cstc oinpurkn{ri sri'sE d. h'iDi }enlnpirn" ti Darnilirc miinciLoiricde }eile. lrb{iox !c inmLiLcgcin rpclc puli. ndiiici, il onilesnLr li!i(+ dc flrnle in ror lrnprldczrollirii l.i l.inerctulicr iD

. I>l

r+F,

'F,"]-,1 '

'F-,-{, .

j,

Mrcana albl,\0. s! !cil+ liiitnr pe fundu I rpr iin buzc carc i-au dN d.nunirc.

|ofu|rli dc $,gaci. Sc hdnegecu lrNe de inscctc, crNl,r+ci si,noluge. cn !i( unclcllatrtc\{rddh dlbii sc i!flullcttcfrinivam, dcFunindu-ii tc,eL. p.

fnndi+rilc dc pc tlsduiriiulllor ouiLe sc lxsi la tuIid,

,\ucst pcslc ai.. gtrr:1tu fomii dclrb ctr carc cul+ga l+|!c de iiis.c1.,nrclcitilienni dc rc turdll riuluitlSlica rc ifrnn!€$1. h sfliSilulllhr,iiv*ii sau !arF, n, al}e fntinrdnD.i.I.nlc sc lipcrc cc tlactelc

LinulRudi a cmpdr,, Linulffc urrcorp,nu l r r t r {npiorrcrormjirc. Solz i Cc l)c.ory $rtealron d. mi., siacoltrilt cunr{flrs. Dc lbic{isu hdic$. petundd du'ilor u dl lic{dlor,cn lailc dc irs.+lc, cruslrLccl Slmolu!(+. Li rl sc inrnuh. enialafn!i,) rdiincir. dcputir u-i1

F tanca

dovrlrcr, ial tuii Lcs in cin

omlnmxsiin'tiji.i:R*/f

RtrtltrdE.x, hnicN lc r-orL

nisptndir€r: Europ!, vene

Fnjittirr EuFpr, noanLl {ri.iD!nunnr. tdn,lrirt: j/?, rl

*

17.ilc.

Somnul qi rudele salefa \ irrf i f lai nrult dc 2.4UU dr r le{i i in qrupull-./ronrnului. dc la pelt i minu\(l t l i , dc nbir 2 rm, p;n:rla gig{nl i de 1,5 m sau m;ri mutt, c6ntir ind pestc 45 ke,Cci nrni inult i I r: i ie)t j in r iuri | i lacuri cu api drrlcc. in-locuri le crldc alc lumii, dar existr t i rpecii ;rrr i"o- CFI(

ri multc slecii de somn se giscsc tn Arncrica de Sud.Pcltii nu au solzi obifruili, dar unete spccii Au pliciosoase tarc fotmeilz.i un fel de armuri articulati. Suntsperii cxrc irliesc pc fundul apci, ciutendu-li hrnD,rdupi gust +i atingcre, sipind in albia reului sau fhndullacului plni ce mus(I+ile lor scnsibil€ dctccteAzii priralr-

Soirnul austalian deapd dulceAirtLdrcle occslui sonin iiincoDjoxd cor.cd, Ire s} c siabdonrdr Dici snniai.!j, tcliidc!c spate satr dc p€ aripioir.l!pccrorar. t0r lrovocn rinidrione MusliiliLc rnsibnc din.iurrL srrii!Fi: tx lisnH hrdtui,!Fiales s.o'c,, crca.li si !iul

IvIust.ilile sunt ri{punzritoarc Sj pentru nrmele cliEnele Iimbi: pet(e-pisici.

So,nnnl ru ' r r l i rn J! r f . i

ftSipiDdir.x: '\m.r.rdrrud

Il$uDLlni 1riinttfirii ri,r+4k

flsY<

Surubim^ccst

s.Dn d"lnuricrn nrcLn bnt lrulg Sirln norp snhtn.,m.d. . r r .u d qj s j Lrsfc,L+cr!

't fcrr.cc cca 'm'

mrc Fftc!iclii pc tuniltrl rnnlui,llitrnrdu-sc cu nevc.rcbmtc.IUrdr.:Llil. sent bilc drnjnrul!!rij il ajuid si+i giscN+a!.#'""'

CascarudoColrnl eccstrd nic som'l $rc...p.r tcu Flicio\oalc crtu s.sntrrp{l]t Fcnlrr troI'irj!r ihl}otdlr inlDicilo,: ir scronnldc ihperechcrc, nuscululconslL ct(L trf cxib pnnrcphrteh tlutrorc, cl licdnd

bdc de ncr Si nnrcur..rrc vorr.DnB o ]l'sij s|)uDoasa.

CandirirAc,jslmio tr dcl cal som..ste utrpllm2h, lx:lf,ndu sc cu sirgclr rrlLnrPc$' La l]cl1:; rnici, el mtrlci tursr edpl! fic|:a si apois.ldnc$J,dxrtoat. si tiirftuxli! prhL b'!'rhii{p.ilrlof Dai niri, ninArd acolosii s(gri sAnBc. Dr 0bi+ci este acti!naryleq afcatul nu se hiinrtl+ scingfoalii pc fundtrt duhu

Rirtindrr.u '\rm.u dr snd

Ps.tidpkrlt!\x: JLr ir un)

Ri\pindir.u r,rr tr{}EiLii

i7*

SomnuL de sticL[Duti.um i sugccrri durnclc,rccsl fctle estc trdnsp+rcnt,

'nxtclrgr.c irrc,re fin liz:bilc. A:c! irilindi inaLaL LtrDgi, t'nripios: d. rLi ni,rxruli ii o

Somrul n-LergitorA.$r s.mn liiiclrc in lacun !ibittilonpo(rc, ralc toi sil d spnL:i in l rhrladrt. dc s...ti pLxlrngtri ai.nd se nnilnplii xrcs(lucr!. petlelc lrrLc si r+ dct r-s.z. p. us.irL !itL1a |i iltii brlti.unthi:du tL co:trl cr nn Fll].ij t0Ldsnrdr.sc de i'iLro 4l+

FccLoralc ca dc ritte,,!icio..o"Sc LLrrirgtc f.rti ti

Rltrpir dj'?r litut ir.. . t, nlir-r

Sonrnul albastrul lR di , idr l r r l i i f l r r i s ! tc i i dcs.nin dil{n!.rc! dc N.:d.s.Dnul.lbiitnt llndie rJrrsc la

liestc 4i kg. Jiind o iNllninlisLAi dc ILo,Li. Adrs$ lriii.$c nlfttri aL irli dc.it altr softni,giisinC(r-s+ ch ri in Lo..nl' il

co.dii u$r lnc!rrata. S!:otlc{scbj.u d+ mojodlxlc,!.unLLor, s! dcphscnzi h!!tmla1ii. iir micL baic1l|.lr

. r . nh, r . t . i r . ! t r ! '

, -@

Somnul rlpitor,\ccsr lor:f,r n:ar. nL! nn ulpni !c i io i l i i i ior . t inr l ! Lungi .

+urgilrNru srn si:iitouc ri dc!Li.ci oslc xct t n.aptdx, zrtrdlscnreandr sc idlt flantele d€p! lufd JIfrui LLLi pinliprlic.trsli in pcrh, dar ninincii rrbro,rtrc- pisifi$j olnar si nr:cLmtrniltc, c.. i.aLecri rlc apli

Somnul de marc,\4cst r.mn marm cstu ccLt1al lcliv no{F(cr, Li.d s.[dncsrc cu mbi, cocli Ji|)crli S.. in,rnrll{ilc vrrr, i,Lfduli dcpucrL:o oriL.rnlsculul lc ir in grd,ntdcIa rtrc'l loc in.ubdtin In to1

ac{srdnF, ms lul

19t

Qr

Dduri, e! !Linilitici: Ll.xras

nisp:i rd;rci: s[tlcthitc Msi6IrlNn rr )r;i',tifi.! /.a,turtr

It i\pindirR 161,1 0!:rlf L,

D.nunu !Lin'lil.i:.ll(iJ

f,iparul electric, somonul,pe;tele toporiScd gi gtiuca'Tt iprrul elcc[ric c\rc 5ingura !,pecir c Lrmil ici Iui. \uI crtc un r- iprr aurenlic. dar arc ! i cl un corp lung i i

sriplu i i . dupji rurn sugcreazi nunrele, este rrpabil r;rrroclucI electricitatc.

Pe$tele topori$cdA+cst !c!te lLijeirc i[ lnod troftdla adlincnnide 100.600 n, da. inlic.xn tr.rpre icsc Ia sltpraf4lipcDrru a f fi|En +u plan+lon IedldoDren afc iituri d! orgnncLLuninitirrc, carc !roduc n lLnnirlialbfffti tllli.lri r\ccx$r nrt.alif fidn{oijL rrsrpR {im€rsiunilo' tr

Babunul de mareB.bunii inr pcj'inDriiii cmc u, clli'r ,tpclc dtrlci Fonn inDUtnclama, pctLii dd$liilirisesa DDrcaFnln ! aiurgc ni

'{uri Pnnil!.n

taNlel+ iiiC.Ntr ouiilc pc!ietr4ul de l]. lundrl ,iulLri s+u pc

f lanrc Ciidr.uii snnl dcsrd dcn)rfi, inollE s!r+ nar+, urldc sc vor

Un grup separal con-tinc Si pe$tii-toporiFcS. Accsaiatrliesc in adAncuri Si ru organe c.tre produc luminl.Icca$tr ii ajufi si se recunoasci in intunrric gi sIincurce animalele de Dradfi.Familia somonului conline aproximativ 76 dc specii,care triiesc fli in mlrre !i in api dulcc. Unii migreazidin a.e in reuri li ifi depun acolo icrele, Babunul dcm e lace prrte din alt grup dc pc9li mariDi, dar $i clcilitore$te spre riuri pcntr.u a sc inmulti. $tiucile sunttln mit grup dc pc$ti dc apl dulce.

$

5r

nljrDiindir{.: b.rdul iluf biriRu$[ Ak !k|, Crni&. nordal

Dunmire {'iintindr j1td

Jipaml elechic'M!$h sDcciali din corpul

lipnnlui electic lrcduc otcNnrnc dc.Lri.l maie,

in rtii. Il|)Nl fo]o$cilc

Ii

9@n:i\piDdini: D.'drl

^rhiic! tri

D.trun,ncn rr inlricl: o]mcr,l

1.t2

LipanulYcmbru al lbmlli€i roLnorut!i,lipa, drc o aripjoaln doisdli.r opiinzi !in cordii bifurcrll ScL ncttc cu nse.t ii lar!.ic lo( ca

i cu.roslacci si rolr9rclljnrlilmr, tc'nsh s:pi o gronptin

fic{di+l dc I}c tundnt ecLor pupndillirci, un'1c deFn+ ouli cxrc lorecloza lr.r s.u pati! silftimilD rmr

)onlonul l-oliuLa varsia f. llProrrmb!

irrtrL r!'! 5or1otru' r{!u sudcllas.rTi dnr .c.0 nriiuri,la lo.ul nr ce.. s aniscll, wrcof h l.600 lqnini cnon I conli cfinlLriLhF fcpuiu.ia icrcl.r.

so otrrl r{ilt }ui+tu|iripetr.cc plli! Ia rrli arL nL ntidulcc.ln.i! u!*

'nrgr+ozn in

Somonul arcticSooonnl anli. r'ti pclfcc..ed hdihnrc l]ific ! vi+lij in +pcl+ IlalaE.lirtuind{-sc c! fctn !' olu!rc.Cind iul l}lc:6nlitcnltrt inuul-

lirc, ci lNrlii ]n .iuri. !trd€ ftn lclcdcpun oui ffiLrpicLiiul dc J). 1in .PuLi sc voriLrbdrcc in inxrc Unns{ ror imLi. i r r i rcrc ni hcur

Pislrivulcurcubeuar.sctrl {sliziin nuhil fdafe nlftrnL, pllslrin cl|$trheu cs(c mnntotunl pc!!c ahncnhr iii lib.Fr$e, trii€tl{ tu riun, d+!iliiJ)ehlcoo pane r liedi jn nFr! Pdx,i!liincla ltrce {n.!ib pc tirtdul*illLri, unf+ fcljtnc ic'd.,.re aloisunt L.t i2n1c tr a..p.nlr dc

Co lisornotii rotii, c.i

p+flr'lL innnllnc hmi,fcmdn tncc o Srorti Ftrlrtradiitrdli pc t!'ndLrl riirLh:i,det l,al ic(]., pc caannFuld le f.*itizcdi hiii$ ih l|inillara rn ilo,rrcsi itilor pclrcco in riiuunnrilor itrsc afi, dupi.nru

P@eRirpr:ril rdr: $rijtrLi l'rrLtr

(iiip:i tcr: io'du Ea'oprillcnuD,na rliitrlin.li: rr!iirrkr

90I{lisD:irdn | llrrui

^d.,.idrXor4 L51rrfi ! jn lDi, htri.xDcn{Eirrt fri D.ifi.i .1?r!,

Rilpindirn: oorlLtl.{rli1r,.ul!iDrntr,nirci,tIn!iJiii: '\n]/l.

Ri !0!d4n!r : . . .xntr jAnr! l i

Dhq rr! rliinlifi{ii: 5/lPlrur

C odu l, perstii-pescarlqi fiparii-cod

, nd! pdrmic.. \ ibr;trJlr:iirna (o pungii onlluli

risti nproxiinativ 480 de spe(ii de pc$ti i frmiliaeodului. dintrr carc doar 5 triicsc in aD! dulce.

CailAlF se glsesc in mare, in specidl id €ftrislera nor-dicl, incluzind unii dintre cci mai populari pcAti alinen-tlri, cum fir fi codul, cgrctinul, mrrlucius $i rDihaltul.Acritir s nt pc$ti dc pr:rdi, hrinindu-se cu alti lesti $icu aninlale nevcrtcbrele. Illulti du pe birbie lrltlstiti sen-zoriale, cerc ii ajuti si gi$ea$c; prada pe Iundul mirii.Pe$tii-pescdri ilclud ram 300 de specii de pc+ti. ToIi autln cap marc $i o guri cxtrcm dc iargI, pl;n! cs $iruride dinti ascufi{i, Cei flai mul(i au pe cap o excrescerrtispcciali, cu ajutorul rnrora momcsc prada.

l'iparii-cod apar{i {rui grup scparat, fiind nj$fc pc$tiftticj, cu aspcct dc tip8r, drr irrudiii cu codul.

Grenadierul cu capmareRudii ! cofdui, srcftdicn,lecdl Drrh +stc ur p+Ftc ric ddA!-ciDic. cuu mt mrrc ti o cardicrc sc i.gunc&za. Solziisuntmdi !iprochincnli Mesculii $ot

dnlce drn BalEnos. ArLj un crF ldt,ri !1.! ri un coD c,ro s. nrgErenzi,ffitnoea anrli S rcn doLsal! tui'uldftr-s. pini nr riilil cou n. Cca nlimarr paflc r cxpului dstc litsiri disol,, drr r*tul coiFlLritnr

'fiDnrul-Lod dcN.n Iro!nlcnco

Tiparul-cod de NewProvidenceAeNst mrc p.gc nscDiiniLl.r nnLrp$a Jost descotcrirnr l96i ti(sr+!.rzu! dor.jn unclc la0ul cn api

BurbotulUnr Cnll]I prt'nclc slcqr dc !cil1din grupul .odului .rc rdicrc iiapi f{l$, bllbotul s+ ,iscur dc ziuai re lhDt+ iij(sc Li vinlillm* ir

znr ' ru itr rm" !. d DIt s.hlilrcs..n|t i, cnstd.ii

! i i sccrL: , inf ! ! i+$l cu

;f$94 l.r'e de recre ! mi.rficltlr.liL detrn onilcLi ' r r , norplea.0 f tnr l i

I

Rilrrlldk.r: C,arlraodLlS ftlr Unt. ro ullroFcL.45i1D.nniniftniiiintilici:a. l,t

r.r

Diiunii.ci li i jrlilirl:.urr !

Mihaltul

-

'(h

'Ft=' in .

..(A$

-tF!

,rviihallul cstc c.l nri dcs intalnilnr rpola c! {und picln}s, lndc scLrine$e.u lr€rri ti cru$ac.i nxi.D.iirriiege la adacciLn.,Iorlc Ligitsit iinr lps ftrl1tr rdAncl. di+ilundDl csr. sriincas. Sc i,multcicrnmiivrd. O lindii poxt+ dcpl|lj,)

Riltirdi.r r0rdll 0..1irLri

1}srurtrir$ rriinlifiri: Cdirr

CoduL de Atlanric

Pc$te le-m1ngeAcc\t petlo Frs0ar d. ili adatr.in+ m 1ory Lo$trd, fnnctn.n nlicioronrc- ic.arc cu xr snin crnlrilI'e c{p r+ o t'omcr r.tru oLgarpiodu.ilt.r d. Lum ;. S+ iololcslcde rc{asrli Bomcnli Pcnru tr rtag€

Egrciinul cst. Donbru al famili..!d!lui. Sc Llriin+$lc cn licnn .

!l$lc ti slclc ft rni$ €arc tii€scpc Iu ulftirii, caticul).tli Pcnlnri$rulba, s+ adrnil in bxnc i, rii..clc sunl listtc si t\LIca\cii intLP.h dc n$ritali.leii.c sl+z-ei7i.4dcsc!, FdcLul $ r+lL'gir?i intr.i.nln.ul.lc rncduzclor mid.

{ *lfr

Mcrlarulj\'i+nr )l a'c,r,r rn'r l 18,as.olL!, hc, iLixonrc dorsalc il(ioril \.cn alc. Carul si gnra ii$rt mri !i rc cci mri Tio.hi dnr fdnil:r coduLui. S!L!di!!Lbn! dc *lchlLN s!ccii dL;cod- se liin.!t. nr r!.lriDiNhc|i{'r. F$rnnd .rurr:'cci

Dracul dc marc^ccsr

lcfr+lrrs*rrarc p+ col rrspir F(lxr-lLL tu o bJralil d.picL. l'o rc$sl{ ! folostiL.c ptp.sr,lc !0rcali. Pc$tlc ni paILndLIr i r i r i i l ixgnamoDrcrk, !.n1rr a rkat+ irl!ipc!1r Ciind ..fa vrnD $nicLcftd. rbrurtc, ( i .nc! ldr xur i i idosd,idc Ldnr. g,tr'i np. rrl'I

csic rar ti coflin. N'L1ldnrli mici. Dc oti*j. cod+linoati in bnncuri rp.le drstrFrrfrlli,,lrif i cnutl hirna.rar. conrtii nr lttli tivicmi,Dc fuddtrl inidi a.dnl csle nrP0rr! irnn.dui+xn.D d{

€lAA\€f/' \6r/

| t l i i j l , lDdnrtr :n lL: l ( . r r j ] .

D!n!)n rli Jr n,!in!: h4!3ril

RaBlindir!r: rotrtc o..rrclL

I/D@4nr/in\ rrr1 ,rr.d

RisFrdj(t: do,Lor letrN rl

Itii:p:iodnm .arr.lr :trr.FnD.ruDLirti sr ir!iJi.i: r4D,ind

Famil ia bibanuluirrc c{ l mri popuht r i mri ! r r ial grup dr pcrt i , cuspecii care triiesc in aproape odcc habitat acvatic,

Accst grup includc cal putin 9.300 dc spccii dc pctti,cum ar fi bibanii dc marc, cichlidclc, gobiidele ti pe$tiibuzati. Membrii grupulni :!u o mdft varietate decorpuri, intre ei liild pesti diferili, c,r barrcud:r, pclteleingcE pettele-spadi Si IuptltrJrii siarnezi. In cirrda deos€-birilor dintrc ci, pcitii dir familir bibrnului nu to{i unxsau doui inotltolle dorsale li cei mai mul+i au aripioalepclvicnc in rpropicrra capului, Aripioirclc pclvicne aude olricei cinci oscioare si un sDin.

Gat poftocaliuAccsL ni. .mbn al lanilieibibarul+i rc hrin+$c c( jnsecre eifldclor urnnrL lr p.rioada deirnrlcrcrh+ro, urclltrL xn tieplrl

Bibanulde nare

negru

9i gnLd pono.dji, iar f.meli a|egatul galiren Mascllll alcgc nn Io.

terhL curl l)c tuidul riulLrl iiati|i onile dc nrdlti cc mnl

Dungile d. po oo.pxl bibanuLLtrajuti ir c$nrllMar p.inrc plmel+acuticc. Locuicllcin ip.lt ihcc!curgitnar. iise hrlitreiik cu lotLr.Bibrnrlsc int"ultc$c ni

'I,a puii,,

!d!nc6. pituIvra. Icr.lc suntdrr$i tu lungitnfficrrc scincoti.esc tie trunzc sau illc.biecto.Iuii dpardlpi cam olr zrlcii sc luliuNc cr plxnclLri.

lnlu{i! cLr torLlpano, accst pr$e srcnn.o.p nclcd 9i o coadi pnrcrnicb furlti. Sc hlirege.u DilttesporjiidN pc!t0 !i csrc la findul ILLjles.nil fentN hranr oaD€niLor

Acest tiban de mrc ot'irD{irpoxresii cinijn r.i ld mr(uritale ptui la2l kg. Ar+ u|l caf hare 5i!n descDDcrcgnlil n+gtu pc lltilc lilinlealc corllLuL..\"u cslc !n pcitcdcoscbil d. n|id i slr'r nd mnltrsc!ns !r inlN f ielre, iilqnnf Cu-!ip'ada Cind accasta s. afrotic..li5idDsclfdc laig g!ri, nrgind plidacu lor +u aln Dc obicci, tuturd sLiiin apdcpulin rdinci dc coNli. drriduttii5r deplaselzi ir alle inai

Pcgtele deambri

D4rr'4ifLr'ri itr!iff rir F444

Rrirr idr iar : , j r r r r dr . ! !n; , rcarIa:iu :ri.Mmr C:ftibrlol

Riio,inditui: lciul !!.f trlu

)).ruBirff rl i inlin.:i: Sd,o/.

[?1,

Bibanul albastruViBlilo' *rcn de tirocc,libmn,l nlbaslru orhodra'na'

ull il+cnlpoak nrinm !iscIrirc{r. d etLorPc o'iiei'lla

"pucle d. pc5ti, i'tl s!! !u'+1dtn

propia s])e(i+. Se dcpl$cazi inbancnri, urnirndbnftuiL rlcaltor pciti nLi+lLrl for caT-i

Pompanolo$l]atu air M bor iourd t' uco't aplxLiz$ l]e lcnicrli, crtsc ingnsl€.zi nb Pi sprc o+ordalliturLdLi. Sc h,:incirc i,,

Fin.ilal m Dol!$e $ crusta.eri

Ile orc-igtsetl+ in niDol !rrisip r\rc nn -qurl.rcelenr lr oinar. lllonre econofr t.a,

BibanLl de mareuriaqAccs!bibnD c+ flar+ cslc cn

ddclnrai ujas !n.lc creDirl...

rjung la 250 kg ti triiiss. uai

nulr dc ?0 dc lDi. S+ h'5Esc o'

feld flcruiacci si $Lnt Pe\0'1'

Nnlru lvoDn oa ctiLor' Pnlelul

cs1c dE iuLo e rolilrici !i tgi

rFl'tizr1dccil ftn,11i Cu lifiptrl'

sc dc7lolLil, idr in 12'll {nt

c.!il.i xspL:ctLl dc xdnh

Rli\piMnci: iFd! lil(Le J rrpnlctrl.irtmr tuu si O.0nfi lndEq

Do,uni,rr )1 iitifi.i, Ponaladrr

Rrs0lindi*r: vestrl Afx&oLh L

Rii!oindirft: d*{ *lde lirop$Lrch r i rdt$e0f

.L*

' \ .

-,.;.;rBibanul cl coadlsalbeni;ibH,iictr coldi aal}cni sml

dcs nni hili n! j!ruI rccifelor dscorall ii $nrt lodc cintali dt

oan+d !!r1nL han6.A|crltr sp+clc se lccunonto!tor dufi eoadr luid. nngrlbcn j'nem !idunsilc lortgihldtulc dc pc Iilcorc PML'Ilr,lsEli. Scnfinc*c oL aLlr

lctlitj cn ni.l cnrsla{er

Pestcle dclltnPcidlr dcliin cr€ viu colora\ ugor_d+r+cuDolcur tnn alLf'odt corsdrdirtLrc, +rr0 ocufi! ln(rcaga LuBLmeInrnrc! Dnsculllu ddlrLc tol tflnL

alNllii o drtli trr nraintirca invirsti: alt€ol, nusculul !i tCnrcl+Nn ! aseLnitnl1o ri. l'et1cl. f.lln senilca nr siu bnncuri, Idnindn'secu pc$i, srFii tt crustacei Sunladd \ca fiAli in juLrl zoicto' c!iurhd rndi .. undc se !![!c

\7-t -,'

Ri!pardircr: rstuL -{tlrrli.rhrLirn$nMq itrlnd: O.wd

t Lb{ntr l ru.o i B.Llbcn:]

Pegtele papagalalDastruDLrpii {un n'seEizi dunetc,accst Pe c m risxila.e in tomida +'oc. Diniij sunl uniti, fotuindni$e tlici solidc, cu

-$ mu$c-i

din al8c tichi* dln ncitutdo @al.rI flftr+lc, n.e culoa.ea rlbanndcshis. Cu nEinrxrcr in v!$rij. du-lorrer sc iDchid+. Mascutn biihi itot s,i crpetc o wfl uri! p+ bor.

Pegtele clovnAccs!lqte cu ilungi izbiloarelrilcitc p.intc ftnraculclc anononelof de narc. Llucori, el curlFtcstLr o ahnent!rc alc gudei tiIo$c si Iolosdsci h afirgcrcrL {LIorlerd penlru ca adch.rEle sA-lpdn{! ti sa iminnn.c Binlcle nrzlci.loa'c.lc mcmonelof nu l+

a,RI5 lndifti:or.i i l lh.ilc

Pe$tele pensetdAcesl F$1c sc folosc$e debou luilnDg ca u €locpcntu r scoare dincripitu,ilc aoralului mici vierif il'ila harc l fonni d. ocfii dclingd qoadh poal{ sii deruicz+pndilorii, carc lot.rcdc ci pclololcnsdi + Drdi Dldf+ dccAr in

Perstele ingerln ciuds dcs+nrhi viu col.rdl-ace.(lcSr. lst€ €rcu dc ziril prlnkc.otdlii Id fcl de riu colonli. ArcEdtioffc I$Eits spa(c ai rrnbdoncn, car€ se iniind djncolo dccosd!. Sc hfiftirc cu burcli tiat1.neldtcbia!c.I'uier joaci rcjul dcg$oacr, c{losiiM pn@ilii dc pe

RtuDindirLr: Ynlul ArLtrtrri.ul!i

DenuDi'.r nin,$fi .[: s.dr!3

]rt l

Stenotomus

Rrr}!trrrrrf r:.Bnrh itrlm.r

Acest |etlc atu un.orp.pl.hznt

!u vcaicrl. o c.rdi pul+ftjcbilffcril {i sf ini alit pe :rjpioxi.do6aE, cnt tile en amlii. Scblincitc cu cilsllcei si vi+nnigiisi(, I}c tundnl mirn. l'imavda,,dulliisc

'bJEEche.zri tu Nptic d+

colslti. iar icrcl+ !ofttulinr deri!i

&Pl5tica ro;ie demare

Acesl lJet(c .sto rot(1pocort i iNi f ioaE r iare o

Rii$lnrikcn I v*tur 0oxl,r r,

Dcr0nintr {liiniricil r.r:onial

' tu lctul a, . .u lad Daif l l ide iFntc ri trn nili natn nergriPuicnrl irr+rri Fp+lc p{linxdinci , n, b cn, i mri ,Irilftindu-sc cu 4ns1acei. Adnltii1rjlicsc ir' SiqruiL nri mici- nrx$tu nrl]L aiar.i, hrirndu se{ltt c! lcsti, cirr si cn c.usticcl.

Rii!0 dirr: {fu A.Ltrtrri.flui

DcaD'nircr $iin1ift i: i!/trftr

i% pni m.sri deasulnr?

' j l ' . r fcr t , : i ' r lE

", Chefalul rogu

i - { .e.r l+rL tu ' r r . i hndi

PogonrasAccst pc5lc nrdrc p.at slist ttqrscd Fni h 66 ks Sclnirrttc lc tundul Dirii, 0,hortr$Lc sr c slacc, tc c!rc rlorrc zdmbi cu ! lt.ruluuidinL rpc+iriL plal Bildr nr galHr0n{ lui fa!OriL[ sL'it stridiile.Dc h.cci , c lpunc in peicolcoftr(u I crlscnlod lor de sffidii.In ciudn nnimii salc, n! $Ic un

Ftlc comeslibil pop ular

4..lJ]0a11U1 rO$U Unpcfla I

^.cs!pctic msfc esie uxL Llinkc

nnLlii fannloriditr 'tdjf.l+

t10comli. Arc m cs! ma, e nr Lrl'on ctrco,l]nl- nn b.t lurg. Larpc obmjinul|r+ solzi. Are afilioauarijprcfrndc, dungitcgrc te lrteral $icercuri ro$itu juel.cl!lor Poitecinraf i tcsr.9 kg, l i ind ur pc$o.ome{ibil fod. !o!uh.

!c Iu dul ndi, folos;lrdu se denurriLilc scNibilc dc pc birb'c,cu carc g$ege ndcrtebralc d.fuDd. O dxli giisirS pruda,cli+f:11,1 rc sapi dtrFi ca nrn'sit sau nimol El toal. si tisclimb+ culoorcs dr]1.i crclul zrnoiplc, lcnrru a rc coDttDdr m

€li

\

Rlrt:irdir.i: OrE rl Allri'i. I

I '19

rrpr[r oe ronTonulctr aripioxfc xlb$l]c cslc cclrnai mare ton- Foate alunge la I nlungihe ii nai nuLt de 540 kgSreuhl. caI Flte stru oI!onrneni S-a.bseLa?t B nz nlcarusrLtiolxi all$slri ! EuveB{rAlllnti@l in 199 de ?ile, decicsrcun pcstc r3p1d. ronul ochi rlrEaj ngc hsproepe 2,4 m lungiDe tiI80 tg gculnlc. ?ryn'ui lrdhri titotrul sirnor suD! uai ftjci- pani laI ,J D ri ,rspccliv 90 .m. Tonll$f i tor i a luatnu clcdt laoliceiut lni de x sliii din *pil ir

Tonullonu .e nunrtri prinrc cci mar raprz.

pe5ri. pu dnd rju,rgc Ja 80 k nr,rh. SunL cer m;.rhidrodinamici pegti, cu un cap asculit 9i rn corp infonni de torpill care se ingusteazii spre o coadd insemiluntr Cele 13 speoii de ton triiiesc la supmfalaapei, in apele calde 9i tropicale ale oceanelor, Tolisunt vdndtori gi se hrlnesc in principal cu pe$ti $isepii. Mulle specii inoatd in bancuri mari, dar ceLernai mari au f ic indiv iz i soirr l i . f icgrLpr-r i rn ic i .Tonul se opre$te mreod din iuol, pentm ci treb iesi respire. Inoatii cu gura deschisi, pentru ca prinbranhii si treac5 un curent stalionar c1e api. Pe$tii i$iob$n oxigenul din apa care trece prin branhii. CeimaL mul l ipcpr i iSi oornpc"aS.ccasr; "pA pr i rbranhii, prin aciiunea rmor muqchi. Dar tonul trebuicsI inoate pcrmanent, pcutru ca fluxul de apd prilbranhii sA fie constaut. Cu cdt lonul inoatd mairepede, cr atat mai multi apd trece prin branhii gi cuatat mai mult oxigen este l3xtras,

C,dul !u.iripn,rr;i rlli{iil

18il

&

'2

.^).

?''R,' ;-+-F=\..F-a"-rj|?

Tonul cu aripioaregalDene

T+r{lcu rn}rorro grlbcic uslc celDli Ecio\ dialt.oLde !ed.E!orctoirL !es..ril urnriresc inlonli iurra h ul[ilc rcesrorlesll! ij Fin'1in n.i1 . NirilL.

Acesl ton sc dcplascazE in li:ncu.arc alsci adescr bmcurilc dcflrcr0urj- ArE dritioarc p+clordcl n!i, salbcne, ca $ dlscn lalbcnctie pir4il. lxtcGlc Tonul ouadliorrc galbcrc tri eile inaceaDdr

^ddtc tiPacili. Alnngc

la l.S0 ti{prorrthati! 20.1k9

P-q.gte1e chimrgalbashx.{c{sl!c!r+ llr0 spN crlrcurl{ {sc(li(i $ mobili d{ ILlnr+Nrr+ r cozii, slini rc crc iiioate ridkx lr rlropicrc{iDuiculd ftrii N{ cull|r+agalbor sn-iL(dlor cu ur *jarlbxgrc, AccNti ctrloxr+ sc

pc!rdc !c D|tunzcx/li"dclcdnd ro Flct {lbNlra.

Idolul nraur"^ccsl pclLc slcc(sculos x't 'r4rc{ungi.(c

'cs ii Dv dc'!n ii

rlripiorfc c$c ajung dcF|leh spnL. Dcii cslc rudi cu+hiturgul a lbasku, idolul nEur nurrc spni Dar puijnu un strr

Peptele lopati dcAtlantic,Aksl pc$c csLc l$rL+ apl*Likr

I'e !cdicrli. lnadl0 rc].

l.o.Drni.nto. Colotu]:r scrohnnbi oddli tuc.rlld+a.Pui i$!n negr i , deleDir)C r lo i

Codul antarcticAce\t folte rFlin. nrmi gry)Nnit al f.itllo' d. glrcett. i\tllridnlrrc ci.s in s!d8c o subsll|nlrispccral.i ci,c cobori pldcL'n duif*lr+r. Dii irc..isri.iuzI, !,jSlii drgl,crliirar si sL'p'aricr.L' rsci litcnrl?crniu:i dc. ,9'C, l. carc cci,miD\rlli p$ri:rr ftrl'] ingh+lrL'Lccs1 cod L.iilnr p. r:nndul niulili so hri:nrtl!.! nolutL.. nn$lrcciiilicmi +a ii e $ucLc alsc

Pett€le lulrri itc Adrntjc

;wilginlii, cu durtgirrfticelc ncgrc !chl.nl. P.ilii hpdli 5c hdn.$ ir

^s!cc al cu Dici ncaerleh€rc

Itj,,Is dio: .G!.i. ^rr:rLl.i

ls?

Micul dmgonN{trsculut cslc m Pctlc cu dsle+li7-bilor, cv !litioa(l( hi lN,gi, xlLr rr. !i grlbene. Fcmcla.ste ma'Drioii Jiru dft adpjoLirc !lugit..D gonul n,ic $i !cjumilile in-

S,op iLr nisitd de r. fundul tlirii.

i5l+tijnd si ||pard crusLrrcl slri'jrn,i, cxrc $rr t, ritnttrlui hrdii. se nnnullcslc Ipriualx|lr sln !x . inr lLsr(u I n. c,i!n!r.J lA

,,Privitorul la stcle"Palitorl la sl+ c iR nn rrp rire,inr euLr cslc indLeftati in susO.hii rc rlilc lrdftcn iic sus icgFlui !i slnt !ieitud(tb! t'rnE Accnsbn lelnl+ sa sle{ PiJuDitutc itrgrotil in nis;P, d.r

$Srrca urnL ]rc!rc ssrL x

\Fllclc oclilor s! af]i nz.tri sFcciali, ctr orynrccleclLicc. A.csler pro{rucdes.iiLcliii +1.dtrio+, cu cnrc Fclrqlciii buim:lcc51c tLrdi. Pr LvLtorul l.$elc lriiLc$cnr trp+lc mdr adnncl

din lrrg. PLriiplntcsc it dciv:i nl

ipclc de.otrsrit, &Il.i dcun mah'n

ii1rcc liliala dc pcile dc tund Pe$tcle vennlz[ nordicPciI..onnr., trc5telc !i()?lma]lc arc utr dory n$cd fl nD LIP

[rg. Arif:oara dorlali ti c.a:n, t r se +f l r . f rc :or i i

piftd cinlr.ur dhc RtNzi dctc abdoDcn Ilc accaslivchruri sc foloscie ])enltu tlsc Friinc dc {inci sar iltesqrfrf.lc. Fur n nu ji L(la(dc narqcle.nlcmrcc ditr

tlcitc PrirciF.li I ir.trsti in noluile $ c.usl+ccr.

Riq, l ; rcr :$tulAd,nhcN!l

Rispindir$; rilsr! lrlitritii I

Irji:riindinr: occa lP ficD.Dtrflirci rdi (iticl: {;dli.r*

1S3

Buzc-ro$i1AcLsr!ctl+ csle $or dcreoDoscll pr n 1.fii.lclc bon'liorftd..r !idvpi buzclo rosii 5iad!l.rr.Lc cu virf'.tu lui{t.

lc tunduldc flrrc acolcrit rirstinci sr{ cornli, tr . vincaznnici nevcrlcbtutc Femclrdipu. irrcl. inx+ corLLlrsN

b sdrci , i msculLn lc

Irizetlc p:lni.And ics !uii,

Peqtelc Goby dcpiarra

F^\r : : f ' r mnl( J! I 800 desDrcji dc qobi c Ccl. m';nhc t*iasq in m.c, da, caisii$j cillcll specii dc xli dukcC.U d. pnrLl ! .ste unuldinrc.ci mi fl14 din fr[iliu, daresle li!!c pcfhn grtrp. cu caNllu im& t ibonl j i .oadar+lwjlii Af iliofcLc PchiencIordexzi o !+nur7i, cn crc scnaM. dc 9|incL. S. ][itucst+ cn;ici iclcft.bhl+ ir +u te$i

-3j -'7

-F'

->' .2

G' r

-.,".o|'.

\ .

.\.;

')';*

"\.

Ri.pituirci: lcntrr tu rtr. u.Culln ilreI . siIturiN cnnitur.r

Rispiifllircr rJd rlllsli.rrlui

lrcnunnt! ttiidlii:.i: Cddnll

t !

Pe;tele luptitor siamezMssculii dcrst€i spccii sunl lFscuii]i capririlrte, tenrru x Ina pFrc laluplc rcgi?a1., ddr in libcrtdle mas-culiiciriaf se ixpll pcDtru leritoriu.lD suonul dc idpc.€che, e, nrascnL(ci:cazl un curb dD ecr tl nnrcus.Cind lcmcla del}utre.crclc, sds.ulul lc IcrLilizeazi rL ll)oil! lcuirtiin ouib. p+hrn d fl in sigui{ii

Marlinul albastruAccsrp.il. esle und d n ccl nrairal4 !eth. cu couui lulhid.odinlDic i cu.oad3 in lornrrdc se'hiluni, t picn

-ocntuiDolitorii de D]r! vi1+2r1,Cintircge..r purn 180 kgsLrre un rxs lung! ijr u

srEprindli pmda, cur dr n

RisFlndirei: r&rr chio{ $

DSDU'nnp *j jnlinci: Lllstrns

'r;.,.,,'lr9:',,,..uuu' nn{ sryr dc pr$ridr a}i.inlcc cFe t'iics in..\ti.r IAsir lr.pi.rli Dc obic€if.iiorl€ tu rtc siirxce ilr ox gc 15L nr brnrhiiar slru.lni

Pegtelccap oe

fn gJt I

sp+dale {de sjllit !a r&.ltardorrgenului d'n .cL: Iorte sdsuprdviituiarci id xfdra.p.i,ciiLi vFme sc!osl+ ilg+L)r nrn.,oi, FnL.u a-ri Flt'aliclcr

Peqtele fi'egatdAccsr p+$c esre rcl fiaj biru

Micul pe$e n! cstc afcculdc d€lrLl.lc uizicilrofio alc

ncduzei Fooic.il lc inpildicisri iirD.liofczc. Mrfuza nuf csii L€nir$+lfczcnlr lctleluij dsrcstoposrtil.n ac.sL! silrdeNn+zc parazifi !i dlt€ f€srni

Rlvladire r: zoi.r. rdir !.rcxlco.c r..'ld r j P:cifl. ri rl:

D(nunrj,ea 6riitrr rics:,\b'r.u

ft,i5pindn.r n,lorLi lL Lfts, i'r

Dcrtr'rir$ | (iinlili.i: ri,r(t,

MacroulN1.cr.ul sc dcplN.izi jn buc{rlDrri ri il+ inigmlii regNhrc.|lirniir.ra ti ura se n rualli sli+!orr1, urd+ lre loc nmrllirc:i iam.sc intoarce iir $d. O f.ncli t.areffrlduce }lrr Ld 4)'0 00+ de i+n,carcfhresc nr.p:i l3ti ll alJdli,lpn lof. F1n zilc rnal tefzi!)4!croul adull sc lrl.c$c.nfcitit.riti cnrsticcL. n: irmp o.ptrr.tul c{!s( 6 rnii 3l+s tlaDcL+n

WahooS,!F dcoschrL. d. rufcLc sa .,mcrouL ti Innnl, \rnhoo nu cste un

icltc fc b;,$ De obi.ci inoilis ingur srL in 8i ! fu imici . Arc !dc.ry hri lnng iimai$Lflu du+elalor ic i rcL s l }eci i dx ron,{ i tn b. iingun, c.hit.t nulli ditlLpu(Lrrnici. iroliilor nFid, ilunnhn.x I'izii el rrodc s[.jniei

PcSfclc spudi

Iung fcntLx n spargc cnntut .dc 11.si rtrielLd ru drc bolul luoelnccslu crc{tc tc nisuri {c

BaracLrda marclriiti aiiroxinalir l3 bturi C.brrlcudn, .rc niresd in r!{l{crklc ri llipicll. din torri

lrm.n Bn.!.!{Li inrrc csle

@

;t

urirlul ii sp.ctaculosul |+stcstsda csle !n viinitlr acdv, fl,.ory liidLollinmLc !i o ..ndi in{omii dc scaqd. Se hrinotlc aliilcu pcsri ri.i. crit ti cr sctiL.Jolosjtrdr+r ft b.nn etucn dc

Iiispi niln er: Or$nul /\llJrr t

DeD'ninr 5tii4inc,i: S.d i?

ht ci t.hrr fxuilic, Nnco4rulc i lung j isuph t iDraiLudc im oI d f1ihnrg P::idrilor fcrucc rlrccil:clo' dc corali, p.rLc fi

l]eri.uloi :: lcntia,.r n.,ri.

tslraald.I. lin.r. s. rdrniin bdrrjui . dr ir.Slit tr1tr

mri lil*Til sinqui

- i

'\.

J

Pe$tele cu penzeAc.rtp.rlc iqlid ar€ o ariljoffidoNli tuiltii, mLe rdu{ cu o

Firzii dc combi. ri nGilarc lutrBL

ii Nl,ilu Isrc ur )rrildilor fc'0ccfi ni,iinct qloal)€.occ pc$c

rau scpr. inlalrc$r l'oilctd cu

tiDzc sciftnul!+$c in I!+

u+W

Ri'f trdLrcx: i,L:or. mi;l:c

D{Dun'ner lrijtrLin!i: trrirr

Li\pitrdnt!: iD rond unDsru'nnt' rlihl jltul; sj!\rflr'

Iti{pjindiRr: iL lo,rc rlr

RkpaDdirlx: in rp!r! irc! rL

rs$

Pesti zburatori. nestilanternd, pegti-$dpdrla

P^sf. l . } rnr ; t^r

lumalare oe clocac.$ DN'c Dic si subiiE r hi.nrirr itr IaF. ditnFi ri.ill.lrluQ u cnnnararcr Nurfur rccs'(or diurniilon. Mxsenlii snn aercs viintroei i !c LLrlri cn njtrto,ll;ir lr-

Drlt i i zburJtori aprrl in unui grup mareI (cl mai mJre Darrc mrrini. carc inclrrdjumirAr( dc bof. p;sri i {aurur.t.- ( ( i rnaimulli sunt activi in apropiere de supralh{a

de letti, in$i pcstii cu

apei sau chiar deesupra ci.lle$tij zlurllori se p0t ridicain acr cu ajutorul inotltoarelor pectorale, putind,bllind $i din coadi. si phnczc dc{$upra sulr:rtrlripentru o slurti distrnlii. P€$tii lanterni sunt pe$ti carehnicsc in adiDcuri, in toate oceanelc, din -A.rctica in,\ntalcticr. ,\u otganc producitoarc de lumini, Pc$tclc-lopirli si ruda lui numiti bummxlo$ friic'c fn Rpclcputin adnnci dc coasti, uDde se hriDesc cu pe$ti miti.

rrirFndir.r'Ll[ Jrdr. v3 rt7 .

Poai . ln lcniern;

Accsl lcsr'i rrc pc coQ un grop dco,sxnc produ cI |oarc dc lum,i:i.Acnslc orgrnc sun! dispr$c dilcrrlh mrscuL!i Li famclii. Ors{DdclunLnoasc Irot rjfta tetlele siill]nlincz+ rid,,if .urilc innnE.it. iil.nrkji, pcn|(u r gisitnd,i slu anrcrcr inadi.ii P.9t,r Lcilffni rc

.#ar'Jet' Ac..t pr)lr {rF dc

._"*{

axl|lno+

BallyhooAccsrlcitc r tnal+ plnM deNnp.i lrci.i rud( sa, pcfcLczblllitor,ddrpoal+ sii iftrr. pnotjc dodsuDrr.pc, Sc dcpliscazi in ba.c!ri,

dnicj prir Mlturj litr rp,, ir, cusuLcluofx tlxDerzi de$upnsnprafelei, ajutodnD1:iloudolcn fbDni d+ irilri. SprL daoscbircde llte sFcij, ac.asta arc dotr o

Pc,ste Iczburdtor

arnrc !i )rc!timici, iuflixilll.ul Lrinfl,ir toalc ilIobsil pcnrn r ujnlc Fkll

I t i$ indi*x:o. ia, \ thdi .

R.$indin!: io {ul ^.3

n.u Ll

'f ${r

:iaury inolrt ii hlncu.ila sqrrlirlrPeqtele saury

Peqtcle-gopdrldro$u

slrLjjli rrru+i+and sc xui lafurd tddirlr l-!.occ, cl jtr

ailcapti|nda, dupi cir,: scrcFnLc d+ !c fund ii ilitrindcl icdmi cu di , l i i lu i Iu{ i ! i

BummalowDnDln oq xrcun coa L(u1gli tuaxrl2re uirlc, lia"netc ctrdjnti culbali, ascnlili. so gliscslcrd.sca ln gu L nrviilof tr.i,ude s+ hlincslc cr pc$ t'

crusl&cirlici Aest pcih cnc desprcat iiiurins la sorre. FDrru r sc

i'r rccasti tbm:i.cste cnnoscn! su[ Dunc]c dc

Pe$tele-acA..d mic pctlc dc ap:i dult. ar.un corp.xfieh ijl subllrc, {uxLiliorrc niei in a[opr.rcacozji ALc o faLca inferiodi n+llldgii, pc.are o folosciic tienlrui lrindc zooflanclonrl

Rilpiadi.!!: iordrL Arlinlioului,nirr.tr M.disitrli. M.ttr Xcrg:,i

Zirqanrl GLhci +ur+!t!nil)

alci- hriinindu-sc cu l.t1r $1{r staceimici Au trr bor ca unri.c, nixLlarul inferior fiind ma'lunB de6it dcl supcflnt llriiaPar.u nuxila€ mici ti+g+ls cailLngimc. Mrxilad ffcnor d*in.nr i i l ! ig o dar i cu mi l$rzdtca.

Zdrganul (gtiucaeuropeani)z-iLSrnnL rsrc rLn le$c rtrbhrc,

ftlci L{ngr- inlcsate or dinFca nistc {+c. viirrit.fac .ziEanul Initrci pestL tt*u$xrcL,rici S. inmnllcilc iidF!l! dc c+sli, id ouiile lLrircl )de $ liircs+ dc r.sturi

R:i:Iioljrt occrrLALlririiDontroi.ri rtiinlifi .i, Si!r,li!'

RlisDlindira xi a nJacr dc sudDcnun ft| Iinnrirr:rlr,ior

€.\ 6nirDl lirm: nordul Arldlicului

Gupii, grunionii qirudele lor1^{ upii apargin unui gr up m.rrc dc pc}t i dc apii dutc{,\Jtar< conrinc perre S00 dc .pccii , inlr(.pcstcle coadide l ir i , pcqtele cu pxtru ochj, pe$tetc cu cap de oaic. CcimRi rnlllli inoati la suprafaltr $i sr hrinesc cu insccte $iplantc cizute iD api. Sunl extrern dc xdrptnbili 9i potslrprlviafLri in ape ncmi$cafe, iD carc alli pe]ti ar muri.Crunionii sunt un grup de mai mult de 280 dc Wecii,intr( 'csr. j j petlel+ t lrgintiu. romolrul dc nisip sipc$tcle curcubeu. Cci mai mult-i sc hriDesc cuzuoplancton $i triiesc in b]Incud nriiri in lncuri,cstuRrc Si apele putin adAnci de roastd.

Pe$tele crLrcubeu cu

A|cst.reir. !ir'.dlrrrt esie unaninft {.le j! de spccji dc letlcur.utleu gitilu ir,{uslralir SiN!{x (iuirc+. La tuft}utrl lcrri,ilqlutrc ificb cre se vor ll!; (h

Irldhl+lc a(rarr* fiii 1]r. fine_

Ri! !Fdlftl cih{,\n.diruhrDcn{ irr! tlii,rrifi.:i: ,ti/rcrr

Peqtele argintiu cucap tarc1I limpnl 7lci, cortul srbliL€lalrcasnd mic tcilc Daro xprcrpekansFrert, dalorilf dunsii lat.n]caryiDdi irgusr+ I-a cEdctua noprii.cllOmr se nrchid+ Pc!(ij rsinliisnnt fegiconnr.i ii lrorti: iDbrncuf i ,n$L ]rrc lc lor {umicinrc.

(slY!

rus1pAccsLnic pcge iiiord ni blncu.i.,^rc un do'! LLtrtg sisrplu ii dorirf ipio,rc do$rlq dcrilrti(c.P"nciFln hranl conii iLrzoollrncron. ikf dltriin.i Fi rcsrinici. La ndul lui, cile nilncoldo pe$i Dai,nai ri dc piisirilcrMme, cuD) ef u i!ndunica d!

Somonul de

Grunionul deCaliformaGrunionii isiprogram.azisDzonuL dc nnle$cb+rc iLiftrritjc dc nrituc. inh o roolrccu ilur d.o\.bitdc lnlr, +iiDoiti sl','+ Fffi;i \i defntri.rclc- Urni(oxr€r DBfsc va+Frl pc$dt nrl.iii mir..I,$tedoni sicnDini. ln ulnlronr

carc sc xrit..zi de tlanel+J!\ i ru t I r rnfu C.: . ! iLnr.

Rilrrllndift r: ionr+r oq*nLfi L

Rrrljrin{i*rr+*i $ r&ltiD{nuhir* rtiirtrif i hrr.l/lrdj

-:Z?+a.4r.Ayf$$

Riq'lnnir!r:.ALns cr c'ntdi

ll.iunncr 6tiinlilicir /,,n!rr

Pestele cu Patru ochlA.;t r.s!c ntobjlnuil c dc laPt

doio.ili, ilivjz4i in catc doua

!1r!i lsrta sqrcioari 'slc

pcniru lcd.rcai! xc|. nr cca

i lirioril Pcn1nL vcdclca in a!3

cclc doun sc.lirri sunt sclNxc

dL1r,-. bntdii ncxsrE I'cticlc

;noatii Lr supotuti, i b{nitrNa8ri cstc li trlvcluL N!+Lnoai. sli vtu]i ln.cclal' tLmP

iiFcc1c n1n* ii allli PLdd[n] xpi

Pestcle cu coadi liriMas;rluL lclr.lui cu condn lLtii +stc

viu.olortr ! i i r rc drt l io! l+ Lmi l5r

as6ulirc j!i dcprrnc icrclcitr nnDoL'

Dacli sc7-onul ucat 5c IfN$ngclrc,ouilo n! s. ntai d+ztolti liB5ttipl'LYmrr.d PloiLot AlLDci ciibinnii

imco di,r rou ti sc d.zloLlc lr

Pc;tele cu caP dcoalc

i'nleNclr+ra. nascuhL $fcmela rccslcl sP.cir irdla la

jnr$uhirc as.ulul.a|iLliicrlori rii !:cmutd dqnn)c

dircrd ouai +d(ri, P..rtDxrs.uh l lc fc.trliz$7d

lilricioisc, cn carc sc Pu'rdcllatrlc san ir u! uL;

t - r .

J-!.,

.2.

z.

{4-t

'\-l.."'i

r/#r

fs'{l

MummichogNlunsi clrog, l c$lc rob+st, Portcslfrirvic il'i rPc saRt. )' rtr do{

dulci, bridnCn sc dL lt ollq

0r icc tc ldc PlaDt[ s]n asiniL

inliLnit. Se lniNLlcil. prLhalrn

ln rpc puliI rderii I\'lxs+rrl!! \L

!i nirc5tc PcndNa' tlufii aorc 0

ldnlc cu aliP'oorcLc linr'nr !

fcdLl/r o dl. irdrL.i 'cau fost d+Prs- lcrclu

! !u ndi i i r l rcrrr l t ' lunde

Riipiadirt!: tr.ah L A$riendc

GupulcupLrl cslc nn F!(c cntcrn f'

rispindil. Oancnii il simrraliTc2zi

Fctrtru di sc h|iDc$e cu Lnnc d'

rinFri, ijrLriind lD co rolnticcslor rL6onirr)a Llc es{nrcnca,

lrinatr.ri irh*"clc rltof Lnsccl'_

m1{icrrstacei ii icrclc tiPuiisllol

?cil!. )!ullc !uitrili +olor'tc dc

RitrDiiodi'1r,.ilrLqr. ,\n! i'ii Ju

IrrnantirM rriir!in.1: llr],rtuI

18q

Peqtii $alpo, pe$tele vrabieqi rude1e lortl'roti acelti }e$ti triicsc in mflrc.I Pe$teie Lon de pjn, peltele-

Yrabie, pettele cu barbi apartinunui grrp dc cam 123 de speciirplatizatc lateral, cu :rripioarersculite, Zeiformele fac partedin {lt grup dc pe;ti plati, dincare multe specii triicsc inrdincuri. Peltele-brrle i este rrspccic carc hAi€Fte h idADcifie.Pc$tclc vAsli li pettelesclipitor Npar{in unuigrup rar, despre carcsc cunosc putinclucruri.

Pegtele sclipilorIn cinil{ dspcclului dprca|t .oD lc,Nla nn vinitor eficieft, hfiniidu-se cu rtir tiFtti cum

cory mN, rclL'nd, ctr pcrc albc$L,iriproi.c dc un.otu aprins

\

sunclc, vjbrind bi!ic!(u saoplin gau E dnr

ffil "'''il'rHri:T:i:i'i:l:::

rclrerc $arpcA.cst t,c c n.obisnui. arc!n cor!N astic.t dc tanSlicii ii o mpiodi5dorsxli lL €i xl)roa!c cil iiLr+8ulco,t i,ionri. cu DiFiri dc saryc isc cicdc d1 ,:stc rilspunzii|or pc upolctiilt C+sprc tcrtiidc ix.rcg,gRnrici.lcrlclc $ryc d. o gu,i!i.ii, liDsilii il+ dirtj, Sc hrin.tl.

Pegtele-vrabieAd$t p.$1r rru colo l rcglisc c dc obiccinr r.cifclo dccornli DrFi ce iti ptrccc zim$clrns iJr crE!i1!nl+ corulLrlui,no.p!.i d Lcsc l. vinilorrc dcDrioi cnstaoci tiallr nDimdo-Ochii lLri nrsri ii l}cflnir si !!di

b'nc ?c iimn.flc. Un pcilc-

FJ

IoJle rjmse h 7l k!.

19{}

Peltele con'de-pinC.$d ic.rlu1 pcttc .ste acopcrncu o anhuril din snLzi grosiArlFio l d{)lsali.stc fodalt dio

lDrti n$utili g,!ti, altil.pi gisi u-sc!ipc abdoincr. sub m\ilrLllinfc,ior!r. d.ui ofc rc

@'Ri\prl ircii imdn r\itrt rrLu,

Heringul rcgal

,,Roughie"A..st feSte !:u colorat dro {n

crt mare ti €si. r|hlizrtlit.rol. A'.le!i arn!ili nl

filr srif ,('!rei dosrlc iL

r+1j:. i dftf I i ir .'F rl_

inna:lercle !r:nl ixtcsalr crL! dc dir t i m:ci Se cunas.

Ftrlinc dcrF.. obic.ildl. a.esh'

Frtlc, dar rc c'cdc €i sclnin.f c c nici cnisr!.ciPeltclo-balend

forld+ biLcri dpirlLtre unu' hrugao du l}cit' de rdiiNirnc. A.c !tupBric pcnru dimeDsirnilc l i\ icsr . l ipsl !dc s. lz i S€.rur lc c izoM dinu+ rr !1.3r io8rLi ri c..Dnli r LriLluc+Slc ir ithuetr.,Vinorzi, priDri..i!:iL vL.tiDcL. curturonLL flrlcilor prcs( lcro 0L muln

Iiodudiroare d. lL!;tua. Puilltccoi-dc'lin se depLrscrzi itbmculL. in i}blitrcr lrdului

!n nrolitor rapid )i iti}rinrLcljctinclc qlrofiiDdu sc pcmsimrilc iL ingltfindn-Lc lirosc.llma luitrinciFLi cilnsll dn1

fata cdd ruLc. Nu csl+

l?lrpi nci: zor.l.roirrril.ai.

nmuDnm itnilifi ci: f'oljhr,{

R,npindirNr: x, al AlInh$ ir ti

Duud r.r Jiirtin.[i /]61;r!7

t ! } r

Cilu1ii de mare, pe$tii-scorpion ;i rudele acestora

nlulii de drarc $i pc*ii -tepo$i apartin unui grup cu

peste 260 de mefirbri! crre idc]ud fi icele de marc.Pc+tii fepo$i au i trr 3 $i l5 spini pe spate ti sc glsesc Fiin mare in apc dulci, trrtrsordinarii ciluli de marc,cu capul lor ca de c.l . nu sc g;resc dccirt in mare.Pe$tclc-piatri, peFtelclcu, prihorul nordic $i cap feposaparfin grupului pe$tilor-scorpion. Acesta includeaproapc l-J00 de \pecii . majoritateamarine. Mulli di tre ace$ti pctti suntmasivi fi au 1el.i, Coroielul zbur.itoraparfine unui mic grup, format dindoar Saptc specii de pe+ti marini. in ciudarrumclui lor, nce;ti pelti nu su fostniciodati vizufi zbur6nd pedca$upra apelor.

Dragonul.demare veroe€x.nscerF ca niFft trunzcd+ pcpiclca *ccsLtri stranircihi dc ntrc il ljuti si sc

Mescnh iNuheazi onslcint-o tungi a Fielii. nr

C61u1ul de mare cest pcitc ncob\nut scdel'hseazii i)Eer, pnpuLArd!-scprin nitciilc nnnNcuki .ri!iorredorsale. Elsc poaleprjjdc dc algccu Eutorul cozij.In sezon!ldcinlcnrshc{c, femel|r {cpua€ 50 d+

Pegtele lepos cu trei!eprh sczon(l de nntcrcchcrc,abdoBenul nrdscnlllui d$ft mfl rEl r! consrlu ur cujb diu bucirclcdc rlante. !c crc lc ra legr cuDruRs. Al0i akxlc l+fth irt curb,lndc se lof dcPnc ifde !lfrtiliz-€a76 Lffcl+ tile ]tiT-ctrc !irii

1r rFritr luilor. lrcisiiptdtl]nri

plhc

il$il #/j

Rr!p!'r'!i.cr: !*tur ^t

!!tLfl l{r

192

I

Y,I

Pettclo d{ tiilr:]

Scorpia de marcftnosot! sistrb numcLc dc cor

siu, rccst t'c\1c arc tc!i iL1

aPLolicrcrr brfilnloi I' Pc

Frlilc lrlcrilc 'Lc

coTrrrtrt

L.cu,lor dL ftrndtrlnL rW', sc

I ]tinctl. +u cNstic{i, ficnni'

?estele da PiatACulolilc IiLratc I' lorlxnfcgtrlftn r $eslui P!!cilxiuri sii se asond:bnc alxn4lci.d cstc !t junitale inS0Palprnru. srAncilc dc Pc tundll

;)li.ii.lcrii N.qi1r dc P+ sl)rl+

sunl corc.Ulr LR gLrn+e c'rc

Prihorul nordicl{ndi r l.tlcl!i lc\r' Prrt'orirlnordic,'ti t.trcc. rnar. lar(c x

!'ctii pc fnDdul riririi, sNlLnan-

du-sc rdcs.a cn rLnlrinrrcl+lqcro'Lalc- Sc iol$scln dc fnricL',rc'

dli xl! r Pioililor lrclorxL'

ttntrL x scsEa lr dn dcl)cfundtrl niiri Daca cl!: in P+ric.l. s; irgrorPi ln tisiP' ti-

snnd ji afirt dcat lerh'Lcril'LuL

tr,fil.

. i"P

f!+-..

!1-"

wr.,

-'4*"_/Jj

Pe$tele-leuCu;$rllui ct ddsi !tr' (olortrl

i djtioa'.lc dcsftcrtc nr 'lajtt'

i..\1hcslc cst+ nnol drttfc ccr uat

+xrr;rd ad Fcrri ditr mrrc' TDPiiic Fc stalc sutr!!cDin,)$ !ilrot ti

rdlfllolichiar Y Pcnh oarttnr'

Pcslclc sc foLos. c dc ci n(nln' r

sc rtnra linDoLrivd Lnamr'nor' nu

t4

Cocoselul zburdtor . .LonjiL it fu'niuldi miri F<oscrrr

zbrdtor s. Ittlos+lrc !c rrp'odrqc

$lflcn+ i 18i Fc t! a. 'r'1!c

lrr clutlrcn ddstroc LL+r r1. "r''flira]lcA. Drci sc sPcr., rsL

dcsclid. !3rg adPih, Peir( 3

rnlihida inrDricul.u PcNlerlbanr. de Pc dc+stcrl

,*

:Ji:i*' /&:A*1,!=

$lr in. t r , l l i idrRliipi nBi d.uteicrnnixD 1'

R!\tii l ci: rurdnL lrifturr

RistindnH: rasL I AllxFrnLLrItir;rdi$r:'en!1,\iLnrLd Lli

Tl.trrn'i*n !tiirl j.tt: A:d'ilr

r93

Peqtii plaliDcFfii plati rprrfin unui grupI specii, Doar trei spc{ii ru trmare. La fuceputul viciii, ei aucorpuri normale, dar itrclccursul cregterii corpurileli sc aplatizeaz.i, iar unul Adintre ochi treca pecealalti parte, astfelincAt ambii ochivor fi indreptafiin sus. U[pc$te plaf tipici$i petreccmare parte avietii pc fundulftirii, privind insus, Unii au ambiiochi pc partcadrcalttr, al$i peparten stangi,

AdalahAdd,th este rnai putin tlaa dcciinmjoriIatca pcsrilor ptlrli. Unete

Pa lnrsAcericalcan cxt €n dc phi{rcculori variabiic. dar dcsqn ilajrdsli sc asdnd; rluncirind st5 i iislc rdndul mi.ii Adullii.\c hinesci0 *r Ina'h.re parre o! pcFj, dd

pnii nlninci mici+rustacej. S+infrullcsc l,n nava' a sa! izra,r€Jllcls r{o'Iuciitrd panl ta l0

Rii:Dindrh,: .sml ,^lrmri.ul Sl

Ptrpqrdnca: s*nrl ti.tf !

de nprorimirtiviiesc in

570 dc

$ldnga, dlt€le l)c drspla, ds

peiti plaf, iiii Firccc m.e pafl. avisliipc funtuL l'ridi, daf inodii iin apcle i'nerncdiu!, in cil{rare depca!L !,' de alic vicr i.

Halibut (calcanulUal1lornlaJ

de

Accsl crLcan arc o guril fi{re 5idrrliFuleDicl ri lscutiti se hLi-rcl1a +ulcstc, haittcs aDio&, ti$rc I' el milnc]l d+ $hc rDjmalc.

dc pildt rcchiiiisau dclfifj. Dc asr-hcnes, csrc o importdEr{ srrsr'r dch,ann pcnt,! oaDeni. Un nrdivldrmrc poare njmse la t! Lg

a[sDgtrdlE& Mra Ro!]r.

D.nurir€ griiniirjq{: p,rdxddd

11,!4

ivririnLxrpani lk L n IRllDitrdircorldDlualuri ]AndrrcDs 'dkri niitrLnili:

Rrflildlrln:csnl,\:L irl$ :i

!!.',

v

Pldtica de varafc!l+ sLrplr, rcliv, Plilkr dc vare schdnc$c cu cnstacd, n'oluljlc iLpctti ti la n€!o'c unnirqsle !ri{aFilni Ld supnhF rlci Dar dcs' csl{

unlnolilof frpid iiipcrrcce urxrcp.rld { vic!;iirgr$f}t pc juxirltte

!D Inndu, Dii.ii. Culorrrcr vxrlazlin irnclic de ccx ! fundului miln i

dafde obice' cnc maro{cnurr!. clt

Limba de n-LareLilnba dt dtflr se L"lnc+e dc ob i€L

nodD(cr, ziur PchecAndu + o nr

srcpnti ir nisil MU rimol Sc in

hu lF$e ir !!.1e PU$ rdanci, ofilc

fl"!Dd li trDpiJhfi Pihi lr slJlrr

,r\cl.L Lrr!(le hiirc5c r \upmrtlL,

drr cind rjuis la lunsi,noddc L'2J

ull sc Nrnfe f!n{Lul

'\.

Barboala

Lirnba de nrarenudaLi,nba dc indrc nudi nu *rcf.

tielc niciu so!7 t'c P.dea sr-pfiioaLi arc tunu lnaronn raflc! i.f€ridd c$e llbi c.lcndL

mnltc cxehplarc !u h-nbiiochilc dndp|n ti o guri rlici,

dc asenrcnqa n$cmsprc dfeaPra. LubtL

l]lnc a !ialii fe futdnl niirji.dar cJc ur rini'lor d+!i! Si k

n+voie poa{e si inolte l1d

cu tcte porlo.nL'r. Atrrbiirh $rrde obiccidcaDf i , "De drclriri coqnLLuL; f cod ie

;is$ d€nplaE cu ochiitcslarcd. Se innNlFllc Prnitom.ixr IFLlch lfiicsc leni Ia $asoliiptimini i|.Pclc de su!rlitlii'iluni cffc nlc.P viala dc toflilorLri {utrdtrh'i rnilir. InDonent pcle

Limba de mareobraz uegr"u.\+csl calcat arc rr cory rstLlt, circ s. ihgu$e rzn !0 ni lr

"r;(

-'-

CU

+orda rsculhi. Irilion.cLc doF\rLl si a'ali sc nncsc cu ar!

lioxra .iudalii Anbiiochi s!trpe p.rncr slin8i a caPului, iargrra cs(c iisuciti sprc slrngi

Cr ii aLli+alc*ni, rlic$e Pctin ulmirii ii se hiincstEcu nici ncver(+brule. +on ar

,..h

RiqtlhdirFr atu| Dt.rnuh,\di ru ti MxraL N.dnr'iilDerudr!! triinfin. t: SdL!

Rispinnirc: vcnol itlinhcu u

I

lLatimeria, pegtii cu pl[mAni,peqtii-balon qi speciile inruditeqe coIsidcri c; Latimcrin este atcntlnitor c|| pe:t i ii . tprimirivi. I rtarrc r ispin<tir cu mil ioane dc ani inurmi. Ncum mai c\i . t i doar sub fornrx unci r ingurc$ltci i . Pelri i cu pl;nriDi sc inrud$c cu primii pcyri c:rreau respir:rt aer i'i sunf considerati pa$tii acfunli cei maiinrudifi cu dmfibicnii. Iti au organe de rcspiratiseminitoare cu pl imAnii, pe carc lc folosescatunci cAnd ies din api. Pc$tii balon fi cerinrudi,ti cu ei nlartin unui grup dcaproxinlatiy 340 dc spccii. Mulli dintre acc$tipclr i sunt l ir rotunzi. f ie :t rspcct de t t ic. Ceimul,ti sunt pe$ti marini,

Porcul spinos de mareCoIPnl ftcstuipcstc cllc a.opcr Icu !c!L lun-qi Si Ncntitl AccSlLas(r! in n,od roflnal cdcili. d4c6nd Fcgele etlc n1lcdcolilinrffii cory riletiise ridicS. ftanimllclor dc pndii le *r etroapcjnrlosibiL si il tririd!. Arc iloj dinti

Djrliis{nl uniti, jom.i d xnc'.c asculrl, cu.ntu porrt siTdrobc+scii lradr cu cochrlii,

AluteruSRndi a speclci balistes, a.csLf.ttcarefu sp{ le un spn l f fg ! jsohi jrc tcmnji in oicisDirji 0scLrrjli SLjhranrjsL{.tr anirnalo Devcrlc bLrie dcre tundolDifll sj c( rL8+. Cird scl'ftnc$c. sti cx capuliiJos.aocscr k rscln{ie in I'itcrril. dcicrbui. fiil(l ILtu.rDular, daloflri!

mal

IlirPSid ^.r

xpr:.nirHL. ild

D€rD'niau ltiinllti.tt: ri!r.n^

Pegtcle-cu1ie cupete albastreCr r.Ii lretlii{mie, !i accstx estilnconJUrat d€ ! plalolii Cn'n, JoFtud dir !l5ci miictrlitc. cEa. o.hi,ir li'dardc ti ds.hidrile hnn-hiil.f su,rr sinrNh fisnri in dc+rstidrfiuriL, carc lrolclclzi Fttclc deinainicl 5c hrineitc lrlljxls.u nc-vc.lohnle .arc r.li.sc fe tirn(lul

Rlirp,itun$: oim r t tidh ii

DSDUDn+ tfi ttrlitir!; Orl?.x/,

BaListesAc+astii sl.cid nrc pc siralc trispiri Ciidlrim(lese idic{l, loclde'al doilca il bloclEu.i nrFqzilic Daoli cste in Fricol,Filclc so strecomilintr o.riip;tud ijridiinc acolo drft'tri

a+cslui srsl+m dc bL{r.arc,

n$.al Se fi inciLc ctrNici li.lili nclcrkLrat..

ln spccial cu rricid+ DDrc

Rirpttrdirr: \rlul Arlr$ctrttri

Dcrtr'niFr rrijD!inri: Br'lrsiia-

RllPitrdn?xr r0cl3 r!0 lrrl rtL

DcnuDirin 5riift nhri: Diotrb,

E96

Mola molaAcesr ctrdrdindr P.ltc solxfocer c est rudi cu Pe$ l.PoiL'ddf ifc lrisi(uri sFcclIcc A'€!.Lpul rfroJ!c con'f e

'ofnu'. _rr,.itu!dtr rr rr 0 corux (iforu.

o{ fmnjnii ir ciuda !1ndfriin i!c,ar+ o gud nici, asemturdtorrc cuuD oroc. DiniN {; }c hit.c$c ctr

Pe;tcle cu PlImAnisud-americanAccst p.ge n lLi eii l|ilc c

in )lxliliiictrrc serci in lial€pcri.rdc al. anului l {ccst

rt, .l lrii*!!c ,'nlr'o uzurfl Pcchrc sl o lati ln nlin,)l tr

Pegtele-balon conunDd csrc arneDrnttrt, .ccsl pcire

Foato sE tl ul|ltle coryuL lenii cind

d$ in. rFroalc Pcfttct r.r{n{ iItoart. gEtr dc sfuqet dt cilr' or!c'

ani ,rL d! tmd6. lv1ult+ t'lurisc

tdildlnn sunt rpreciaic cr h ra'

{hi$ rli4i unclc F:4t rlo col?utuisnrl iorrc ntii!itorrc in l!lon'd

lucillfl i snnl spcc jtl Nir'enrlr

lcntru !r ep3nEa PcitiLoFbalonI

LatimeriaS icor\idcral.d accnsla spccie Ifisoinrr !c{n cilcta nnLioan. oconi: Dani cn ui ex+mlld o t'st

Drn; l i l9 iE in l i igul{oxslcr"rsuLl xt ' i ! :n. A. . in i -P(de

rrc .rdtirli io { mlll or a'lile slrc

l llc Arc Mco$ !.ctr ti {e..11un'

{idoFe lx baal 1trnLrorxririoR'?1o., cn crceFlLa ca'cr

Rii ! [!ndir!i: Gcs,.!. Alhtrr c, r'!hn

l,',i,iii*- n,run".., "u" .''

De ce conlucre azd, unele animale?ffnd animaLele incep si aibi legdtnri sh-i.nsecn membrii altei specii, anbelc pd4i pot si

profite. Pcstclc grrnoier de pi)d5. qe L rinc$rr. crparazifii qi cu rcsturile mici de lranii rle pe corpurilc

peqtilor nai nari. Pegtele grnoier capilS o hnnii buni,i.u gazd.r are Ln cnrp culdr Jc -csruri si de parrzii i

diunitori. Uneori, doar unul dinlrc pafleneri e

' ir shresli * trrti siDirri itr: rl(p in sohinb, oa !o,:duor

sFc sup un lrL 3n'm3ti

de profitat. De pildi, €gfetelo vitclorunniresc mamif'erele mari, cutn aL fi

elcfanfii,9i ss luirnesc ou insectelespeiate de trecerea acestola. EgrotcLe !o1'avea hrand din bcl$ug, dar incii ru este clarce avantaj are elefanf,rl.

tursu.trlnclivor, ti asleitrl ctrEesh sli tirci o desclizinrd in

{ap (nrh- l dn n. u b!n!n. r"J. i .

h: . ln.Jtc.u c.J; +, -ulrrre d. rllir, J!.n{ unc

Ftrn i. il. nclr c p:otje, zi ( e .hc

'asrtro g.trfrr di'i nrD\q!lele iNeclc

tr!futd iliCi CanJ o luriridnigo ortidi & rxrer.l., i.eNo proJuN. oprcllrqii dp srlrninli ahrrcasIrutuiLirouilncneE n e esle ohranA

ldttt

sistrridH nri:c trtL2Jutct..n.'nnnei dr nrrrc fi.L$ tui

I slrri:Nn I!51.L..ror r Pxlciiirhtrs5 rllr Ie$i r{lLiLnL dertrorire p.rrtr * je om strr

( ioainnorr . i b iv. l i lorcrLc lDide trr li rccrlrr rn t

Lnni J.gi indl s. !L ei !u.nmii:Iund.fti Fr\!1..,

xriiirrii :iuaii ri dLr fiLl,? |

.!rc lfiL:L!c ii p:e:c, L,irttrhL

li

! t39

Insecte.paianjeni qi alte

nevertebratehxsectele depd;esc nume c orice altd Nietate de Pe

Piimtint. Existd aptotimativ un milion ;i iumAtute de

specii ile animale in lume, iat cam un milion dintreqcesteq.tu l insecte. L|nii e"Nperli cred cd mai sunt

de clescoperit incd de 30 dc ot'i pe atAtud ;Jpecii

Arahnoidele, ca Si i sectele, se gdsesc in tautd

lumea, in orice Jbl de hdbitat Existd cel pulin

75.AA0 de specii dc at ahnode' int"e rare pi:u'Lenii

su t gruqul cel Mai Lrmeras

Insectele:;i pitianjmii 11u sunt si gurcle tipuri de

anifiale fievet'tehrdle Pe uscat eiktd ;i vietiili ca

vietmii, nelcii, $i mitiapozii in mare existd o

uluiloare serie cle 160'000 de specii de nerertebrate'

intre cdrc burelii, scoicile, meduzele si crabii'

Un sibd!.Ycfde dc m.dl!, Peo ftuuii dln dat! ld Freleftni.Acerfi gnddici s+ hrlneso cuf azolc !i floliic dir.rdlipldtc, i& lanLlL lor lol stracc r{di.tuil. nlrfteLoi Nlnlisemcns gnrddi de tuna

I'oduc dasc lq!'le sroese

2{}1

Ce este un animal nevertebrat?n aniual revertebrat cstc urr anirnal firi coloandvertebrai5l victdti cum ar fi cra$ii, viennii, insectclc

paianjcnii,rlrnt roate nevenebrate. F\isra nevet-cbtatcpcuscat, in mare 5i in apele dulci. in aer zboari multeinsecte. Aceste animale an o extraoldiDard varietatestiluri de viatl gi de hrlnire.

ArtropodeleFrkopodcl. sunl,qnrlul crjl mlinrnl+llrs c nc'+flclrrirc si urdc inrfccclc noircutitc lirrlc 4sc i! trililvieodsid |}c Pnmin! il+ includi,6caclc. I}iiarjcif ii olbii Un! di".iuTdlc l'+ilrtr crrc folodclc s-ruhncrmld+ lucccs +src aqcm cii ax unschclc{ cicn {1u., nutuir .roschcL.l.dir€ l1totcj€azi cd4nrl mxld

$1

de

Militrd

Corpul unei insecte0 irNe+rii aE rEitiirli disriDctc:capul, toF.dc ll abdoncnulCrJ)Il esrc !rcvd2trl+u ochi, oFredre de affene scnzoial.,foLosilc dc insrjcd lcftlru r sui'nb,flr lqra mediuldi40onju rillor, !i errr.l'c'is|ca!a ui o fomi, in fiuclie denlisctr|rrir iDsiictci Dc t0lrcc sckign ftilcicchi dc picioarc iL.in gcnonl. douii pcrcc|c xripi.Dn ERSE rrPLRI DE cDr.i

2{}2

C-o.rpul unuipaLanlelitorp' I +-nui li arjen tiric cstcimpiir(ilin doui cdFrl tr rora-cclc sunt imtre dlc. irnt'osrructNi nuniri ccfdotomxA.easia sr Lcdga dc dltdohertrinh-o zonl ingnsli l'. crp. nrfatri, s+ anii m!x;hrLlc !ii"rn-jctrului, rnniile chcli.crc. It'strrrcle ac.slt. sc atli 8urPiianjchii atr plltru ltrcchi d+tici.r,e ficc&c irln€ a.$ltacsle segnrcnLar !i lrc nllirf

,i

d. i l i ' i r p;

Alte grupuri de neveftebrateMolu$telcCclc tejripnri dc floluile suD(grLsroFdcle dnnalc de li|ulmclcuhi: b valYel. s.ojc l.l t]

Crcnolorcle an un oory sLhplu, ct o

rurgil. cu olt liniidLr fieminrscul. A.cs1c ijrc cclilas.uri

Vicrmii inelatiExisrir trploxnDatir ll 500 dc!i.rri, rtritod |E nsch( saa inon corpuldLviTet irr scgnr.ntc.

CnidarieniiA4csl gNp jrcludc ati,n:lc cun !' rilieLnonclc dc maft, nuluztlc ,st .ohllrl.

Ccl+ flaj $ulLc ar coryullubulef, .r ogudl scir,Ji, in.oiJlEti d.

Ctenoforele

Echinoderme leExisti t.1ru g Ni p.in jlalc decchrnodeL cr srclcLc dc maro, .'rlclclc dc rafe.u s(jhcLct.rtcrn,.asiLnrclii dc trrre !iar i . i idomffc Ccle Mr Llrc :dnr accsrc {e.ij s{ dcFlr- lscaziicu ijrtonrl ['ror 'ltic'o1x!{ lr Dulnrc.

tJraI1]opocereIxisri iproxinEli! 260

daleaai {c lcstc 6(10 dr

pAni Lr r r r \ r ro l r ndu ( t [ L. jp(( ] r le

dc nlt,ut ditr co.ttrrilc laL lc!:n ;!roRLL(LL dL trrirn: d ,' ,pi

BurctiiDuntii iunt ccL€ mai !n,tl. aDin:1lDpluicdulllc. Fonnc]r Lor vxrxzrt de r*minus(ulc culc la tutuii !i vlE i''Llt.,

?{}:t

urechelni{e, greieri,ldcuste si'sidciiinrudite'

ciil(lu.li, cnm u fi fl ptmm

, +Cc ri cnoti rcsturi

erttgor;e intfi unul dintre cele mai vcchi grupuri deinsecte - gaDdacii ,,dc bucitirict! erisli de rprotrimativ350 dc milioanc dc ani. Cele mtri ftulte dinlrc acestclietiti sunt bine cunoscutc dc om, unclc fiiqd onspetincdorit i in casclc noastre.

GAndacii, urechelni{ele

lTd=F

vv4

qi insectele cu cozi lungiDe$i cei rnai lnulli gardaci hiiesc ir naturii, ci snntcunosculi qi ca oaspcli ncdofi(j ii caselor, in ioatecii[]atele, de la cel flon1en laj!figle. Ureclcl !clc,care se gisesc ir orice gri.dini, sunt $i clc considerab delniloire, peDfu ce sc hr;incsc cu planteqi flrtri. De asencnca, ir casc sc gascsc Si inseclqfiri aripi cunoscutc sub nurnclc de ,.pegtigomlaryintif', insecti cu coadi fiLif(fina.

,,Petti$oruL algintiu"Acccsd niscrln flp da, csro scIcrclrc dc luniDi, hiiclic il.olice in ungh+rclc nrlniccoas+dnr crsi, hririndu{c 0,

ItI

Jl i r f tntrc cn l ]nt l ,d! .

iusrim$:0.3.t.q cm ILtr8 ,nc

stfc sfatc, cslc ,,,u.nFert snlz' ,r:_

Urechelnita comunafcnch u:.drcldli \i dcpure auihint-o viai i ti l€ snpftvcBl'cd?iiird.atiroal)e Lucru ncob$rln la oNecli. ca 1rc Srjil {cpui pii'Ii c+accitir tunl dcstul dc niii c. sir ib i s ingu s, j l dc c i

Gdndaci moi.

A ccsrc in$ccLc nu runL inrudile induanroapc, dar aufL:tnufi i l( crractcri 'r ici romunc- Tonte nu mari larr:putcrnice pcntru mcstccat $i cepete I11obile, irrrnajoritate au aripi m{r'i. De asemcnca, i} accrsti

,,Copilul locului"Fac. ta,1e d i JamiliLr insactclor cIcooiii ILlonni. Dc otlicei hii.tlcnr cxsc, i'r alropi{r{r {Lsel.rdc

Kffi"V'/4

sffi,

:104

eindrcul 'l{ bn.itirtu gernxn

de bucdtlrie getmanCindacii gcrmanr s. gases. !cs1ctot fdh lumc. in slE{irLl irr case. ErsLnL buii atergtuori, iar c.rpuilel.r dplat zate sunt id.alelcnrusto.uraol nr c.iitEtufiti pc sul

Stru,( ifndacut cebucildrie americanOarpcrc obisntrit al ti6diilor,rccst gilndrc se A.unac 7 na !ise hdtrcirc.u orrc gssc$cnddllcr len)ela iii (leluieonilc idr..o nicinlii aLnFti decoaul cr- l.isa d dpoi oLtilr: inlr sLoc ilLulccos ti\igrr, ioarnl. d€

Ktr*,i''....

.J '\

Urechelnila cu cozilungLEstc cutrosculi si tub numcl. dcr r+gheldla du ga1ii, ditof itlCscnuhidu p+ lnld.c Ca mrLcunchclDilclc, 9i sceNr. lii ascursi

7u ti icsc noaplca si vinczc alleflscclc Da+a est+ atrcrli, PoLttc siiri!rcnire un lichid nril n rcsilordin eltrndclc spcc{lc de }o(bd.mcn. Arc arlL an,sgrnicj8drlc, pc cdc . ebnLc sa rLLclJliez. dc mai ullc ori .d sapoati fi {Nopcrile dc ffililedrti,bNc. tu&i mici, ifiorc in ftfl

Gi.ndacuL puierltorde MadagascarAqc!!i Bindrcl nad, fiIi atiti,scot prli orilLdilc !crlirdioaide

f. abdomctr un iui+r* r tu isvenizx ina,nicul Ilmal,' scor

il nD icret h slrb ahrn+roiind vor si atagi fcncl.lc

;{F5

9reigri, ldcuste Ei speciilnruolteMai rrult alzite decit vizllte, licustele snnt cunoscutepcntru chcnirile Lor, de obicei emise de masculi in perioa-dele de imperechere. Ele scot aceste suncto frecindu lia umite secliufli ale rdpilor $i licioarelor Existd douifamilii principale de Licusler cele cu arllene scurlej caresunt thcustclc proprlu-zise, $i celc cLL antene Lutlgi, intrecare se numiri katididclc (grcicrii amcricani). Crciclii suntinrudjll licustele $i scot $r ci sunctc ascutitc. lnscctclcbcliga$ $i insectele-ffirnze sunt iaimoase princapacitatca dc camutlare slb lonni de rinurele saufrunze-

Licusta cuautenc scu c

Lecusta cu antcnclungi (cosaSul)Dupi.rn' s'rgc€+zi r j n|Inclc,ldcnslclc nccstca a! ant6c lun-LliSc hilncsc o{ plar|c, daf!!i' $dclo.cazi lii miciinsecle MukeerentlnE snDt r€Ei.an

'noorii ticu gRn por fi zirite in colrciiiilLrfi9uil. ni cnrc tfiies..

Licusta cil6toareLiclsd clll1o c este una dintL€cclc rnniFgubLtnar+ i$ecte. Norj{c ltrcuslc s+ a5c+7i te le.olt€ tiseIridcsc .! clc. itruflnc lof,orcori

cm crdiz..z.l jr.in ertcnclc for.lcscune, Cl tonl{ Ili(usrck, picior-f+lc lor dir qule suntlut.h!c+,\irror sii srl pc dislanl. ctuc d.pn

rinaN vEo {trLuii Un nor dLiltuusle Frte si coDtirepiui h 50

Sffa"

stras[ti!rinrcn. ],2 ?,5 cni lntr8 m!

lnsecta-fiunzi

lnsccl.lc-frun7,i tiLcsc nrunete zonu iropicdlu alc

KatiideleAccsrc ns€clc riu arigi l:arc s+dn nn,r in iz,n, pcnlru i s. lLrrc.r rs_cutrdc Dn 't

e plJntc Fcmt r rre rntub d,j dctiunfc a .uilor n, Jonnadc lumrl Er s {oLosc$e dc accstaicftru r iftuducc onile in l[icturiincuG do cr it tdF de llhnel.L:

Coropilnila{x r . i , i i l ! lc , iL.k in( . r .lnrdilc cu Breic.iit,]1 essub !imint. snpand sdl(rl1cu ficioxrclc lalc dD raliCorlul esr. !ro1+lit dclii ftitrr !irnlfaur rtcolc.tnlift fomai diD fiIc linc

tulrciplle lsuri cotrsd nlriidiiciri do plitr1e, ruzullardFdesor niSabe tu.ccolte sru

toni nu+ f*i_D.e rs.d-

Insecta beliga$Cu co,pul ci sutlu, Lnitrotrtr1sau lerdo, a+casti rnscctasrad exad La tel cn o crcngnlS lLpsiti ilc frutzi, !ccarc plsirile llinle'ide cugrcu o po( dcieclr.ln tiDful?ilci. sc.rlirii !c o nldtrli tldoar pi+ioarcle i sc nnlm\ci(!or, Frci liinse dc briTiNoog.a, inscclel+ bclign$

ies{ r ncmitcirc, hfininld'sc

Greicrelecnri€rii,.cAnli" ilcAndu+iToDclc llccrle zituloitc tif.di1ical+ dle a]iFilor dLnthlai. s(ollf d aslitL ua nmd

cdoarc! eelde, ncgn' s1unurc. ,4.u N .orF roblst, iafabd.runrisc letudi cuofSare uLtilc lbaftc bjnc

Ktrb

Kfr,S-u\ j 4

KEril

;(}7

Cdlugarilele, l ibeluleleqi speciile inruditeAceste insecfe ssnt dintrc cci mai feroce ventrtori dinlumea iNectelor. Cllugirilclc sunt cchipate cu piciorrelntqrioarc lungi, caf€ se pot intindc fulgcritor pentru aprinde prada. Libck ele sunt vin;aori ti mai activi,fiiDd unele dintrc cclc mai rapide insedte zburitoare.Elc i$i prind pr.rda in aor s{u culcg mici insecte de ptfrunze. Inscctc ca crisDidele, plecopferclc, lcul-furnicilot cSlugdrita cu aripi sunt c(noscute ca in$cctccu aripi cu nervuri. Elc au doul perechi de aripi cudclirstc vini+oare, +rre sc pot pliadeNUpra corpului, ca un acopcri$.Larvele lor s{ hrincsc cu vietiti mici,pe cxrc lc prind cu msxilarclc lor put€rnice,

Cdlugirila de AngolaAceastri oilueinlr'L esle etuu dovi:2trt lilunci cind slii pc o crcrDg;acoFrti.u lichcii. R6niicabsolLrl nemiicati in limt ceatteelli victim!, lpoi sc iLniNlcfulgriiloi $ sn o tindn, Larv+lcics dnccl cr vN.snni tuinialuialcal+ !i rislilor ,si incct !c loe si

uaruganraPfieftjccLc p icioar+ din t-ali ilecilL,s:inFi sunl atrcl. cide vinitom ELe sunrpicstu.tc cu zintLa$uri1l. cdE pcmri! ca

'nsccla si sc

lrindil bmc ae sryonnL pc caic sciili, in rist cc sc hrlncgc. Dcobi.c! f.mclek $nn nui ndidccnttus.ulii !inn+oriauci ri cl riimlninci in limpul impcrcdr.rii

Cilugdri{a-Oafe

Lnelc 'nrnlide

sunr colo.alccr si sc potircasri c lloalcpc carc stnu. A.clsh lc ajn|asii sc ascund5 xriit dc vittinE.cnl ridc prildalorii lof ll+obic.i, mnddclc [c!\Lgi.rilclc] !!nqlzt alle ursLcLc.darpot sn trrndi Si broatlc

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Musca-qarPe$i4 ciipilxt nurnclc de lagAtullung, cr fc iarPe, !ccarc i-l fdi6,i dlur.l cind

.,tuti pnd! $i+d{Ll!ii $iliFelc vetreazi tnseotc, cunl

Plecoptera commalmusca de Platra )t rnJuLc $ui t )mr8r d. Pial i .trJn,c in rlurL, urlc ce nrrnelc

'nincilrl cu llanL+, deli uneL.lnnr prl

rreohca a do r Si a fcia fci' r,orr. ceu

'+ le +lud ':

n'Ptri sh i!1. MnFLde d{ Pirrri rdnLi;u sla ldne zbu'iroarc rLrlr!rk.. rnrr c parrt r 2rlc' o{tnnifN'i pc f.n r. cr rripr[ rnrrsu-]e rnirolaolaulLii, Elc L'iitc5. dorlouim;1r is i lEmini{ iLlnjo trtca nu sc lrincr.

nr$'zr rsccte. El+ Pot siib'uJrbi oxrlmul Pt n sulirr_lihcorNlu, dJr x[ ti bdnnn

CdlugdrtgazbudtoareA(rJi d i i t r is l idci! r* cro c; l t rs i I1n m'nr ! 'J l r s l

iii rri tc lradanrrcclali fcj Un+l'fuic sdDtitr culburilc vicsp il.r sauilra$;clor ti'nnhnnci lmcle si'sit. Ah.lc se h(nest cu our oe

Crispida verde$i adnllii rj Lanele sc iLn'cs+ cu

insccl* nici, cum fi indelc.LaNd. sug din coTnl vlclihcih.hrdelc viiale cu !.lrlo l unci

Leul furnicilorAdultullcnlli turiioilor ardti cro lihcLuli, ddr are mlqne ddlunsi. cx vnfuri naiiLsculir+.NJnclc dc l+ul fwxiqitor Frc-vinc de la l.n'ii, c.rc eilc uhvaniloi inft+c cu mariilatulc cjzimpne. Leto epil ]n st'lti!nisipos un fel dc I){t. Cind scrpr;tic o i,Fecd.laraa dc leul6rnicil.r atunciin +a c( n's'P,pini cc inscc{a.adc i1 .4can.i

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CordulegastridaeAc+src Libddc n1ar'sc vld injurulriurilor d. pidurc, {ndc clcplanorz:i la 30 om drasupra *pciDe obic+i{u ctrLorc nxro c, {uodri unaficm nproapc sc rLing, un.a} ldt, ir fi1trctie d+ sp+cie.Niinfele rcesrei faLnilii sn nari iitdie$ 5ub afi, unde se hdnesc ou

Kfiq Accstc libclule lllDexzd nntrMmod difcrn de al cel.rlaltelibcli L. Elc ds.opera. r..trenconv.nalili, de pe ca'r lltrn:ilrslc

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EfemeridaAdullii clcnc.idclor lilicsc

n zi, tjd! sufirirjnr.a sil

trnrlii

s-Agrion puellaAc.!!c inscclc srnl cuoscurc ti

b trtr'rcl+ de hirc$i, pcrlru c:ijrii) iripel. pa4id ddficuie.lrtiesc in jrrul hillilor ri alDta$iniiof, unde l)ot pindc insecle.

Mireasacu anpli lrgustc\4.s.ulL, spccici au d! obic.i

lcmrLclc. Nihfclc, ca iodtcLesddrele, !i:iiesc n, s!: ri

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LibchLLa-sdgeatisi run.il+ a$d deronFstilLrl0i si! Cc zlior Ca loart

1l|.lL'l.to, i, ictaslr s!c4r+

i,rldrt!r! n!lilt in trPi su

itr u+ljLna ci 1'u L 5t

ntr n.s. rjinfc 51u ntuRLe

tlc n! $rmaini.! !.fl!! t'

w-fl- lDeLuL;r$itatar \iib.lrLd iilrrtii csrc trr

rn l ib.hLi i .u un..$

l;q, rnlaLiTrl. frxisnLrr &cir

lrilu 1lrcl.4!d'n!hfr rtr o

dldgui mi & dc l0 cm D+

.Dir.! sN vi(linjurul apctnr I'crl

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sNrilr ]\d!lii' .-u n.Lt'

r{cthi dc a;ili$1 ti+i{rtrrcngririslLrljri Ei sc

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\m h ,l4 rli €(ri: 1r:G:f,.d,r

iAcschinidae50nur fi Frlnl.r cclc nul

flir !r rffl rPide st.cn dr. . -LibNlalc ilind Yan.dza' pincnt'lzr

inn'rre i,rrloi" c( picid._rlNrrr''s''

rztr s:i Dlindi !rndn l4rscnLu !rc

;i ur lnit d l+irorirL+i zomii

tr elat lcrzi !i !. clrc o aiir:1

F{n;lclq N roic ri iit. nl

?t

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Gdze, pdduchi,purici gi coleoptere

A (estc inre(te \unl pr inlre cclc mai nutneroArrc.. f l ( olcoptereLc tormetlTt i grupul cr ' l ml i mNrc dcspccii, ele fiind 't0o/o (ljn toatc insectele- Una din cauzclcsuccesului l0r rste fapiul ci se adaptcazi Ia lpronpc0rice tip dc hran!, $i gazele se hrincsc cu ud sptcttularg de tipuri de hrani' dc la suc dc fructe h sangcleuman. Piduchii $i puticii duc o viali prrazitari,hrilindu-sc cu seng€, pielc, pene sar| pirul nllotanimalc.

Gdze, paduchi qi purrcrDcAi numele dc gizi desemncaz! in gcncraL once inscclii.el dcscrie un grup anune de insccte, Acestca includ o marcvadetatc do specii, cLLm !! fi afidclc, cicadelc $i plo$nife

Licusxa de copacItuhc iir xc.slc micr giizc ru.rDdntc e*ensr lro tdrr.cc, clfc cftc si imte cr nilrc slini dctlaitiSc ll.!i$. n, l]|n,ciprlcu s.ra

ccrealelor Toale au gui spcciale lcntru slirAmarca hftllel

si sugerea sucudlot. liduchii srllt mici in$ecte lifi ariPi,

!o!'3( lo r rir.f tlxrlc

bubunLT.h ii li€sFjlc paiszile.r\fidr

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AfidaAccslc nscrlr nL.L..n co'!m molsunt crmscr(c Sridinmhr, FcnrrL,ci sc lnir|sd cu rcv! din fnmzolctl dL|inilc plarlclor tL l).r si

Frodlci pr-{ubo. Sc rcH.du.cxLrcrir dc mtid, dx.mullc s tr

caic lrEie$c pc piisiri seu manrilere. Existi doul tipuri dcpiduchi: cei cate sug $i cei carc nesteci. $ ..purlcii sunl lipsjli de aripi. Fi au . )pic'oare 1rr-rrrce, c""cri :r jut! sisari pe altc ani elc, pe cnre si sc ,,,i ,.hrdnelqcl .

( rcaoa . . :\,rr/.rud . i.t .) ,'^ccrsri insrcti csrc cel nti bhr //'

-.-t'cMotcnli lcnlir clEhdrcr ascnlni .'.-t / -/'

constlDlii x ml|seulll.. Sunclul cst j

lrodut de o Fdcchc d. organc, .,r/s,DUnilc lifrbrlc, localL2ate Pcahdo cn, carc sunl plilinvib@!c de $ahl stcciali

pima i ise 1

$-ffi: KS;+"Vtr '4.

Plduchele de caPPldnc[clc dc cap cstc uPamzilcaic lr.iic$c Ie cttlul onlui, [rinFdLr{e cu seDge El stife ca!,liMtrdu-sc de firclc de Par cu lu(crntceL.Iul Fi+ioru si N sh.$ele. Dc

asm$.a, cl isiliF$c micile

P1o9nilaDc obLcdi, DlLr$ i1+le stau fiscun$e p+ timlrtl zilci, iafnodPlcai.s ca si se k;'lcasci {u settgele

Fsirilor ii ql nl)milqELor Nuniies. !c Azd! lor, ciii au

fbfriul+uil, jat {oq}ul lor Elat

lc l)emiLc si se strccome inlonte cdliru,ilo. Adulli' For si

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Gindacii de plante(Llridn rc grxp dc gizc, gin&cri

dc tlxnt tiielc in aPa.Pd nflc.L! de tubilal. Ctlc rnnr utrlrc spcct

s{hriDcsc fn'nzc, s.Nnlc 11Irone, id niel€ produ. bna F!:Lrb+urorrc.oltc, cunl ar fi +cle dc Lu"'

ccnri Alligi aci de Plante lintnNlt n ibine Y6zuti{c fcimlei,

ten|l1l.i sc hriD{sc cu 'ns4rc

cr

didclc, cx( N.dr lagubc.Giindicii dc Pl.ntc !u corpur t

doiic$e, idcsca viu colordc

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sf;q.Licusta-broascdcl !ibrcrllclc inici, rrccdti inieclirnrc pc flanttlc cu slr+ sc lirincsclile iri deTnn ornh ]lc ul|tilc ds

!L!n(c, inr cA, ilat lilnfdc, el!sc aiorcrl cu o ssbsl$linscni toxrc cn silila A.crstrn,o!i!lc dh rrlsnd€lti rbdoninalc,lar in rerclic ct acll}l* rramfo""lnrr-o snbsnili sFumoisi Acta 1..*.r "t* il p","t,"" !f{

Injlhfclor 5i la ascurdeu lqi il

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P(4ru a sc hI ; , i ru !n,Eel . lo.Accnc filicitu.ilol fi rlu.rcase

Puricele Chisoc(runga \pcnetians)

Ktr# ( i i lu im. imn I d r t rc

ruflceteplslcr L

GindacuL asasinGirdroul as.sin, . i nrcud aslc.llioros, rtrciL $ ln.ari allc inscccc,cln arfi omizi. role.tterc ii,rlbinc.Indrti ce Fi ! pritrs prad*, iijnjc.lcdzi elivi, ca,c opxirLiz€ri Dryi rccca, sucurilccoryarLc :rlc viclimei sun( snple.Uniignndacr alasiDi nuj{i tiD!m lcrc l})]lri, inclusiv p+ oaserj,

puaci, FU.jccle pisiciil,o$c s!sa'e dcp! la:!il de oi llro-fda lurrgimc Acersrr iil+Frntre si soa nc p ru! pcnflL isr h'irrcu satrBclc lor Pqiirsculilidu pc pioioar lblos+rcla p'i dc,ca dc blan! gudeiCu cii.ste mar lid bl.nagrzl.j, ctr riil Dili sflopjatjsunl spiuij a+esrui ,,!Dltcr'.Puric.l. s+ f.loserlc si d+ ghcdr+|j ca nLite carlige tcntn n scln'c dc piclca razdei lemeladefunc ol l lc i r cuibulsn i r

Piduchele pi.sirilor

C.r i .r Li p ri.i. ;i r..'ti \€lrtucile cu sangele ormcr'Lor sjalalt.r animalc. Mu$alluri hi.duzrad o r.aclc carc Lcc.dticlca s[ sc Lrmflc $ si] itrco.porcz+

/ Piduchele de coajiPliduch! dc coati nu sd ti-

duchi adcvfirati, ci]i c niciinscclcnumltclso{Lcc Exis[i {'€ciio ofiti +l spccii Erii aripj. Clhmar mrll+ hnlcsc in rtu" (dsi, strb.oa.ia cotacnor !.1in 1ufi!uri, hriinn!du se cu Iicheni ti+lgc. AlLc spccjjfiitsc in +Ncl+ odhenil.r, hri$ir-du'sc @ lilminL snu N nlimente.\dcsea li se sl}Unc r pilduchj dc

2t&

!{d(cliiFsn or sur!/p i !1f l . t menc. i r tu . f i

', J: lriirrso pr o hare !0 iclalcd+ pisiri. Ll roolc ticiorrclo

. ru. i t . dor i Bl lc l rc, L ! r L 5.

' dlrtri d. perele grTdci scldnes..u bLrciilclc dcp+N lc c{relc n'p cu furcn,aclc lormaxila,eFemelcLc dclxi ln5 ld 100 dr !r,.|. dc lc fixcazi dc pcnc cu

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ColeoptereSunt cunoscutepeste un sferl de milion dc spccii dc colco-ptcrc ai in mod sigLf exjsti flult rai mulle ncdcscopc-ritc.Coleolterclc tuAicsc aproapo orice tip de habitat, de la

tinuturilc polare pini la pidurilc ccuatoriaLc, hrilindu-secu aproapc orice veL de hrani, ajutatc dc putcmiccle lormaxilare. in mod obigluiL, un coleopter are doul perccli dclrpi. aL p e c ' . ulr: c cl rLinoa.c. rnai groase l i nridurc, carc acopcr! aripiLe din spate, mai dclicatc, carc sunlaripilc dc zbor Cand se odihnesc, coleoptcrclc i$i pliuiaripile din spatc la loc sigur, sub cele chitiloasc.

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GAndacul GoliathGtidacul Col,ath, carc t6'c$c itrAfhq esle nD! dinxe cele ndinrL i,Nccl. din L,nc. Masculn ninlurLai i i t+nlc l rh sunr mei mhir i !ndsdie mailru$, cviderrr. AccrLigAnda{Lau picioarel+ din lili ior|1clrltmico, ccc! & hcc din ci trcblni{itifi1ofi. Er urcf iD cop{ci nrllitrlirc dc s.!ii tidc suc dc iroct+

GAndacul rdtdcitorA.crt g.inda6 areun corp lutrg,siariti corc rcoJ)erii doi! o N+6 p{ica.bdonrcnnluL. Clnd eslc speral,ftii$ px ca d,n sprlc a cneului,cr N sco.pion li aduUl {i laNclcvincuai p.ntu hrani iis.ctc iiallcn1l.ivi.tili, cufr rf fi ricftji.

Gindacul rigruViu coLonld gilndac li8ru arc

rjcinrr{ lxi-qi t cslc un alcrgitof Lrpid. Vlinitor lotuc.,aolil., olpirdc insuclclc flainricj in rLrndilrtrldc !!itinle,nicc. Icncla l tL Ccpxnc. ne ninjrjF Cauri liA+lc ics. clc sqiirLuclonr *rc sc iscoid, oitct-lind ri l)|:ndri fmda rcuiiJnali

Gindacul moriqcddand{el lri*ii cs(t rncnlcoflcr lutios- c..c nrnai:i la

FflftLr balt or n n |iur lor.hinhdu so cu ins+dclc.!ocidn, aF: i O.hi i i isunt i Fl l -! i lLn) 4oni . asdi l iNiL c lgoal+vcdua sir Lltrn rlil in rpii cir yin ilxra ci. Lraclc lor sN l inLw 0r ins+clc dc rtid. d vinmzi

Sinic i r i iL i l i , .un ar l i t id. i i

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maslve.

Larva $r pupsLn iotif.r dlr ou.larva dc ridNtcinr oti ca nn ricdnc ilcolicit inIirrna lilRi C. Liraele iiipch+cccl ai nulr iiDt hdnindu-sc Elctrcso relede If cnrsul c.ctLc.ii. ohri nitirl$tc dc nainnrlte oLii$ piLrserlc piclc!, c! s:i lodi sise dezlol1c Cand x ajuns Lacre$eLea n:dlm{ lafla d+vjNptrplL stdrul h carc larli sctEnsibuuE il] inscco rddri cnndp,occlul$i incLrcirr, diii lrnti iesL;

Rddagteleu capelele 1or mari 5i cu mandibulelemasculii de rddagcl sunt cele mai

spectaculoase insectc, Dar, in ciuda. aspeclului lor infrico$itor, aceste iusecre sunl

-, inofensive gi se hrduesc i:r principal cr"L sevi{ de coprc s,rtt cu al'e l ichioc j lxrsta

"prorirnarirL250 de specii de rlda$te, unele misurerd pinila 10 cm in lungilrre- Cele mai urulte sunt negre

sau maronii- Dc obicei, triiesc in piidtrre $i sltrltfoa,te obignuite mai ales in zonele troprc,ate.Mandibulelc sem5n5 cu coamele umri getb. Ca $icerbii, aceste insccte pal1icipi 1a lupte inve$unate,pcntru cncerirea llcmelelot- Ratcoti mu$ci, doari[ping cu acaste coame. Uneori igi distlug aripilechitinoase. De obicci, riidaqca cu cclc rnar mancoarne ca$1igd colnpeti!ia,Femela rddaqcd depune orrile in criipiituri dinstanci, in bu$ted sau in truncliuriLe copacilor mo4i.CAnd larva iese, se hrinefte cu sucurile lemnuluiintrat in putrefactie.

Femela r[da5cili-cmcli riilatcli €sle nai

mici .l.ca1 flisculnl Sinn dc nnndib e adr

dD mari TorlLti, dmi cstc+lrcdi ea l}oatc tcaclioni

Cu {i|il. ohilii+$e inrnsc.:'Lrr

N!ANrli. [{.tr] de ';ld51cil

c\1c Pr

' ila \; ritt0lc/o Chd lldrsrtr [n

Tborrl .trLrr mlil+r, nrnlllx drr

d:riLr cln loas.. rr !"lel?

c.li.dr!e di!Lltn'lrtrfe. "re

\r

invirrsul rdmas flr[aDlrarcl);.i o !idnr;r'r ric: zciTn id

stxrc drrti ! bnili!- iL!r lL-

lorr'lc irtt si st rc(rc$7c irl

r.uaslii !a/iri. Ltunrrcr 'r.

fr

stcc allisiriLtr' Lc cslr ntlr

ur!; si {inLtrt'r' gtrf(i(trr'

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Rivali in bdtllteu. .bicri, trlxs.rlji dc r-irlalua s'

,nr l l ,kn l r ! " L(rrAi Th l r : fDc' \ r

tu l r i f rL ' ra r I t rcr ' i I n l r r i

in.lc$i lt r*il ' fls'li/irria ,.ldctjlor lrt crrtr tor:jir Ircc{srra

])c!r!n, e -DditLc

to.nnL nnli dda$c'

.^tM{, c{ io rntr ld l rc

ro nfrr t ! r r 1 r I i - ! t DI i J i

F+ i trs il r ! ririicr itr c' trnu

ii il vx aLuncn dc irc irca'gn

GdndaculscufirnddtorCli da. ii sautundl:bri lriicscm DJrrr 5r rr.trn rr InorrJmif cendx-Si f i{i+arelc djaspit'r +a pc nigLc lopatj dcbd(i. Ar8ci el'd se scu ;tundd. scc$i Sondaci!o!sla lln !n1! sub api, rcspirrndrer l l t rdr$barpr c '

Gdndac ul de stanurilNeCrOrOruL rO$UJ-4.er1i gindBci viLr roloRli$i L -velc lo, sc hrnn s. c{ annnabmo!n{, cum ar 1i lodro+isau }isiri.Uniigardnci dc srirlud srri Nbcddavrc, incandulc si se sNtundcin lilimdit. Atoi i$ (lcluD onih l}ccada!ruI inrral in put.c{actie, astfslin+el lLt apaiitic Ldrv€le si albd ladsFo2itic. suAi de ]i.r.i.

Gdndacul nestematiCu culorilc lorstllucilot.o. mctalicc, gind*cii ncs(crnilii irime tilnunclc. Ei liiicsc nl pidnri, de obi,cc! nl zdrrl€ tfopicale, undc odulliLse hrirysc cu ,rcclarul llorilor !i c{fnhzc. Ldvclc eli galedi n, [xn-chjudl+ cold.ilof Do4ij satr vlisisrfd pot adnce Duke|r:8ubc.

Gindacul cu ante clungiAccsl colcolte a( nnlcne cxhrmdc lutrd'to tai oi lungiDeacorpului. h tnn} c. mrsmlnl sti d+pazi, f€DEla dctunc ouilc lncuiFtuilc din colacii vd sauLno4 !-€ apsjlic, leNdc salilutcluriFin Ienn l]enIL!. rc hriu$ nsljeLpor aduce lagubcnnlort3ntc cop.cilor Larlrlt \ehtlncsc Si tu riidtcini. CAndaciia ulti sc hfiuesc cul)olcn iiicc1|lr

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Buburuza

Girgirila brLmbaculttiA..dsd iLlsccli .t!+fr'r r3mulc'

-t[ryi.iFl.. Toatc steoiiLc faNli?i

dniDoi llatrlc iL PoI lroYacr mnfl

pf$$c Ci|gilrila bumbrcuLLn sc

fotor$c de torLl lLdg rtirn' *

siLp! ir cI{tclc seminalc !i i'r

$u Burii btrnbloLhi ForrcLr "d.func oni in Siun a Plolocnt rr

Gindacul negruUnolittrLrn al zoncloi nscarc, tn

cd tliicllc l}o sub!i+tLc, gdndxcll

ncgn ic{ sn sc h#nc.sc i' noaltci

ll*e sufloid, hriltnrdu_st d( Nll{

tifld d. alireDlc, ir)cLusiv lcrnn

pur{zil, Lxnc dc intctc S' grind

slo.[|c Llnir ginddcL ncgn (+

dcle rupr4lom+ lnugi tL sc!'t

dDplas* nPid dc h un Pclc d'

Fgubc issctnrlc fli i bibnru2c'i..rtc iLrsccre {r caua rnu! Im'Dnrlrc l]robl.nc Siadimrilor I'rLari€riloa Culorilc a!trnlc aleb ubunzc i oErliz+dzl tmmicil ci

aLe un gust nelllcnt !i a. lt|ca ti.1.ilnoarc Adcstr, brbuftrzclelibrNxzi, sdironindL!+d srbtu|rc i. sub coajl de.ofrc' srbqLim.zidc liun7i sNu !oor"

LiciuiciulLhuri(iir.ol si lL.tl'ici o

luflina gdb+r+erztr!c,inlr-o Legi+ne sDccialii de ltl

cqrirul rbdoDonLfuiliecxlc slccre dc fcur'cL

stilh€ltc inlf-un anurnc tnl,

pcihx at'as.r.t p+rccl i dc

xcclr!r til. trtasculii ar n':pr' {rif

fcnrelclc sun! idcsux LTPSLR o+

a, ti )i dtr NsPccl dq lrlc Dc

ob cci. licJricii slritLcic tr]

morg t i lo l s l -s ismgi l l r l in i lc

ihLrdiciind ntr c f€loic d. c e

Kffi,

?19

Siq f6"v\r 4

K#*

adaptat la diveae tlmuri. T.Iiescpe pielre ti stanci, nai sus deet

Littorina

ChitonSprc dcoscbirc de alte tnoluste,driton are o coclilie fonnad dnropt segmente, tinule impreuni d

Vietdtile aderente la stdncif n weme ce majoritatea creamrilor marine inoatAlsau plutesc Iiber in apd. unele rraiesc prinseputemic de stenci sau de alte suprafele. Acestea leprotejeaza de valudle care tind sd le mute de doudori pe zi, cdnd vine fluxul. De pildd, gdsca cu guleralb este prinh€ cele mai intelnite vietdfi ma ne depe Fim. Uriase coloniidin aceasta specie acoperdstancile qi diverse restud plutitoare $i chiar se prindde alte animale, cum ar fi scoicile. Gastele de mareiti incep via1a sub formi de lawe care inoatd liber qii$i petrec cam o luni plutind in apele de coastd $ihrinindu-se cu plancton. In timpul etapei finale astadiului de lawe, aceste animale cautd un loc incarc sA se a$eze. Se fixeazd pe suprafal5 cu ajutorulunei substan,te asemdnitoare cu cilTrentul, produsdde proprii le glande. O datd a$ezala. nu se va mrideDlasa niciodatd. Littorina. melcii cu cochilie

spirali 5i chitonii se prind de stdnci cu ajuromlDicioarclor ca niste ventuze. Prinderea este

foane putemica. dezlipirea lor fi ind foanedificil i. Dar toare aceste vietad por ii sa

' se deplaseze, pentm a consuma alge.

Melcul ghinddCeDd en€ acoperit de api lafluxurilc inaltc. acesl nclc itidcshidc pdtca supqioati acochilieiii\i scorte bnlele cu uli. pentru a s€ hdni cu

Melcul spiralatcomunAcesl melc se deplaseazi pe stanci,consumand algc, Esand in uma luio dar, dehtrcus. Aceanailajura s,se intoarci in exact a.elati loc depe stancn dup; fiecare cilitorie de plandon. Cend

Kff,Nlf nnd: idrdLluri $ ii l it l. i

;relib.!*li-r+trriHxrdirr tr.

MoLLi l . t r { i rL !d.oarn l lehrst ndi ! ic t r d+snc carc i$ i i e\ iJdr! i

lsnnclc dcs.li:ic C. F.:cinc inolrr

!idc lr. on,iTito lorllitssr r.!+r1l

r.[7ii ]tjlridl. iI Durn lcL.l..i [:

c tixc si lc,nidlnc. o'r:z:lc si

lrin+rc cn plattc olr,;.t Ir'xI. Denrcad$$lcle !.rl.bnrc rr nocncx/n

Molia atlas' i.ctlc Dolii cu dcs+r. lLu

'|':colorete *urL prinnr ccle rd- mri dLd [nnc. tc lc Daindrc mL

lr. dipnc IoL lxryi Zotrc lipsitt ic

Molia de bumbacA..rlir n:.1:. qr.:lrd. fter{

icrc *i. ri.: n,iri ftDl:; dcDrlii Ctlc m jn!:ic sre.ii rrnac.rsri tlxrilri 7b.dli nott(ea

ti rtr crl.:i i:chi$ ilTol:a d.bL rre4 sr I'r:iie5re ctr

-rotl

7

-nJ\

ti

ac. ttE

tnf !i xrl+i,r lirsirc dc l]criAitn*lc djLitn nr$llLil si

rc.cpl+z{ rtri,osLl+nis d. i.n.ltLxrc crrli rn f tctrcf..Adnllii aukdrl). f.uLr ntici ir tu g.ds nus. ltrlires+ in c fsuL sctrrt' r.r

lUir ;nr i : ,n1c-{ur i dt L1r,r f l t

Frigandinan]?!IeFigudinclc scdmirrii.n Lndrilt.

dr f r r lc t i t i n lcr sol4 Pc i rn|L

!i rri.i I0 cott. ^_t

ru !n Pftrbostrrnrlt!u nt, cio lroDdi n1L.i, crL.rrc

ling lriNna Ldnclc, is+rnitritoxL!cu or iziic, vd in Ecncrnl ncratlr

tilLii.r ii s. idtrullrdzii iria!i, nr,jriLruri lorDAtu ditr lnMu ti{rc

Kffi,

Molia LunaA.cELri i.r::oisi rnnllc dt lalLcir. bdLr,.lLigo lc il .) nnits..

ca t i . .zr L! t rS, . rc dmi nl

+alc lrirc5li it1lraliLf . irl

0rll rlc ci s\i lrii:r.!( Nr r!nzcl.

r rN1.. f ! t i t r f i : I i : tknr! .ru IMf ucsLrrc iDr: Or lz i l .s .r*usl',r: i nr co.-":r :r.

\Iirntr.a: in\!r$ i:J i { 1

NanLii, dcspr{i;i I5L,lr ',

LA3

s

Ktri-i i - i j - '

s't9,

Molia shnx albiniO nolic sfinx alli|n iri irrrodncclunga rompii inrf o flo$rc. Cucorpd ci Lxrs, dutrgrr {icu zon+lclibcr€ de iolzidc pc aripi, lcea(iDolie scarniinil izbitor.u o ilbi[i,n' !'n! cc?lulc.)!c p€ der\u!, Fllanlclor Zb0nrii ?iua, nu mapt.a

Moliasfinx polari

,$c$'l.Lii r aripilor Dolhisfirx polirc o njLr€ si sc ascundn!e coljr cola+ilor, rLutrci dand seodihrcElc, ln linpul zilei. Onizilcci sc h$Dtso ou tunz.lelnorco!!+i+utn li Iiorilll $i snl.id

Moliile sfinxT-\ ntrc toli ,riuturii pr molii lc. molii 'e sfin,r_lJn-mire 5i nrol i r le-5oim, sunr celc mal bunczbu!;lo"re. \rjpile lor bar ar,ir de repc<le. irrcir

scat un zumzdit. Moliile pot chiar sA plutcasci in1a!a florilor, in timp ce se hrEtcsc, precum facpisiri le colibri.

Ca toate moliile, noliile sfinx aduite se fudnesccu lichide, cum ar fi nectarul plantelor Ele sug

hrana cu un tip special de limbd, numiti proboscis,Aceastl structurA cste goale la mijloc, ca un pai debiuhuS, $i este tinutl rulatd sub cap atunci cand rueste folositd. Moliilc sfirx au ceic mai lungi limbidintre molii qi se pot 1tr[! cu nectarul din fundulfl orilor tubulare Iungi.Existd aproximativ 1.200 de spccii de molii sfinx,unele ajungetd la o anvergurd de L5 cm, Cele majmr te au cory)lui ma $i aripi anterioare inguste siiungi. On izi'e or runL gmqe $i nctede, iar uncori auul'i fai de structuri ca un corn la capltui

abdomenului.

De la ou La pup[irdati.c a ic$r ddo\_.,nid'

'Dcrp+ sE sc lriD€asci, dclofAnd

fhntclc c! n.ilrrcle eilurcrniccCrrslc ripid ri i)i rhiml6dcc51{!a ori lieles, !c n6sur.i co sra.zvollli Cdnd ii-a inchcirtcreil+rco, onidr dcine o plpnMolir sfinx llbitl! sc in]pupedTatcsol! jnaruD cocon ticul dir ntH]lgc,

Molia sfinx cleoleandru.lcessrr csla rDn Llin:. molil. .t:.clc nrri [trrnorsc d.'.nc1)n dr ri id hr.in(,\Lr N lnnrrcllr : r ' r r r1:r af 1 i i l .3:r jn, l .r ju is i rn ih! luns id. 5. , t r l ' tcorl, o I rir iR lcra nirri,. 's . rn i i i ( i r .c cn ocL'LL..arc | . li.. nrr f;(liror sil c:.$3 ri ir{I ihc+ cL' D liclarc fnih d'!i r,.trt

Molia slinx cndungi albe[{iti.! !nr\ $.iui$ L:Lbr

urriLrui ilnr lr n{rFLo (:a larLlr ntr fL ' lLc ml l i : . ml . ,du c inNr: ln: . t . : , )$ i i le ln n f$ Jr

liLaLnuN.c toam sI ncrcc1.1. cch nni ! ! rbe

!z4$116j$t3 /i#r -:Urd

{) ardl i r d( l r . r t r . i i i 1 ic.n.nzerli r! o tloa:. trrft n \rr i i rc{ R. 'xruLc,.1 . ! ! rnr '

O ir ci rr tr:r:ei.. ! lrurr

ic lcnn qaL f tsr , l l l i 1. , \ fmsnl

Coada de rdndunicd.Fhturii coidn de rinduqi"i rr a pi.aE i+s di .obuh. Nuhclc ior p$-vjie d€ la dtensiile adpilor, ase,ni.nliLoarc cu tritrc cod. Acest+a po!ajula h ilislragcrcx a!cn!,ii inamiculuidc h bnclc cu adcvlFl wlnc-rrbil€. Fllurii adulli sc hilncs4 cunsrarut tloritor in ueme .e onizil.lor sc klncsc ia niod obiinuit cufroDzele unor col)aci ca tilsinul$i

dinlrs cclc mai p€iclilale slr..iidc ins+clc dir Erazilia. DRna'erhabilatuhi lui, catu consta di')nhttni +urufir!fi, l)erlrumnsrruir$ de css+ silcntnrhfiinlarci delldLlaliidc bMnc idus l! disparifh lui ritu uxi

'nule

loolo&itlislcr5 sitpo.li prindc cxhplarq

Coada der6ndunicd de

FluminenseAc!\r lr{mos lutuF es|e um

de-pasire CaimsAce$tp dc flulurc,.a tolillulurii adF-de,l)lsnrc, sc postintilni numaitu Asir.le Sud-EsLfemcLc sunt mai r ri dc+illmascnlii, d$rmasculii sunt maicoloinli. Fluturii adPi-de-tr\ii,€,

Fluturele morpholllilriimomo irii.sc ii juglclcdin Aftrica Cenrraln !.r dc Sud.Masculii sunt liu.olo|gli -rr mo,isa +uloare iriziti s aripili.lor cstc dctcminrti de ar$jar+rsnurilor dc solzi, ore rcflcatilun1ina nnru fel dhrnc. Icmdcl€suDtntrlt nii :noslq Ce (o!flnturii din timjlinNtmplrlide,tlutun i nrorpho sc dcplaseazi pedoa' I}ttru picioa.c. krechea di,,

falS cns prd mici lenlru afi folosni h

!i Fluf0rele aripi-

cei DDitrrridin luhe, suit c5utallde coleclionari 9i muh': spq.ciisuila mrre. Adultri s€ lrrines. @neclml flo Loq dor omizilcDilninci ftunzele nnof planteolrlviro||rc pmin iele hai nulle

U

M{rim!!: mv{grri d.5.?3 cLr

K$r"ft"vv4

Mlrnrc!: ldvcllun ?,5J! .n

2"2*

KfiqM;irn8.r dtrrr]ll s l5 j cn

Fluturele dc varzlIluturelc rlb i+ !a,zi..a 1o('..i dll fxhil'i lui, c$e nnnmn€ ftrrL. obi:itutr sFrcd.osibn. (lu dtrlli illiihlff',llutmlc (le va,7r r. pr.1orcpui.ni.c. p!.a1c lc hlo:.flcpcrtfl tr1nr. ,\dulll1 s+ hriiDcsccu nccr . hr onizilc.u ueii ticu rllc lcgurnc, trland l,ov.ii

Flurureie aranlru,\cci(i inici1lr1ffi Fu x,iDi vnl{olo.rtc. ndcscr irLhtc Ciinfi. odihtrcsr sx! st h|inosc peflori, lri !in uiPllc nnf,clnrt.

?e

:.fl)

Ji:

7,

rJ,

-

,i c, .c

lc slat.. omiik lff a'nt gfls.

5jau Npcclul LDor n{lci IIdcochilic. $ h:iDcsc lrdT-ctc

unnr!lrrrlc.r nriloriiLll {i

ult, imci: :r.q!r :.5-l I or

FlutureLc monarhi0 ficcrLr loarna. milioll|r+dc ulNimor!'h zboiil dinC..rda spLc I{ci., nngrirtu

r. o d stin(i drj,1.200 krn lrl

rririiMla urniloN. l Luriisc iLrlo' q iii norl. dLrfn cc i$irl$r r orLalh. Noli llurli

riof3dr ror zbo'a sFr

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ALexanrlra

ll,

FLuturele-pasire al regtreL

H;

sisrntlc +irc c.r nii tirc diiil n.. .u o nfrcEurii {lc 23.nrEstc foiflc brutiossi fi dc accca

biillimtii o t.inn sio 'indcon,mirnlilor Sc slr..tr

i rNrrnlr slrc ($sn..rtird 11l+l ll)nrrii

Albine, viespi,f - .rurnlcl gr termrteA lJ,inele. L ic\pi lc ) i lurnicite nprrt in unui grup

1-lmrrc da in!(rtc, runn\cutc \Ub nUmcle dcllymenopiera. Dcli au mirimi foartc dif'eritq toatcau un mjjlocel ir thla :rbdomcnului. Ar m*ndibule!cniru mestcc:rre fi structuri tscminiitoare cu limba,pcnfru sugcrei! lichidelor cum ar fi ncrtnrul florilor.Ilimcnopterclc care au,rripi xu alori percchi, dar nultcfumici lucritoarc sunt lipsite dc aripi. Furrricite si unclealbinc $i vicspi trlicsc i colonii, in cuiburi foartcconrplcxc. 'Ierntitcle ru sunt inrudite ru furnicilc,autinclc Ai viespile, dar triiesc tj ele in aolonii uriase,lile ili constrticsc cuiburile in sol, in colaci sau inmu!urorir special ini l latc.

AlbineleExisla aprorirrativ 22.000 de.spccii de albine. Elc au rlouilerechi de nrili Fi coryul acoprjrir cu peri. UneLc tipuri,cLIr11 dr ll albincLc tiietoarc de frunze, lrlicsc silg re +i iSiItc .rn: re ruibur-ic pc .rr crc".e:ra puilor. Alr..e cLrm erl l J ib inelc nc i 'ere i r Dl idrr i r . . . i l .s , ln.- lonrr . r iayc, d<ffii dc indjvizi. AcesLca sunt singurele tipurl de !lbine carcproouc nltcl c.

Albina tiietoare deUUNZC! . !ani l i r i l : r r& Lrr f rs i , i l

drL4/! l r ! r i t u i tur r ! l . nn _!I r !of l ! \csre l /u!arr de r l l r Lr r . 'Pr: turr l r lL in Lna sLci c.rscrrrr .n1tk? -Frr i p in:r r r . r r i l ! rnluurr r kcr i re r lc ncctrr s ionl inrDrd slJ'trc iI cclulcj iarininjlta.rllrLnnr ri'. 'L sult dloulr.ir..1..Lnu Ce l jc( , { : {c ul t .

BondanLlB.ndafn sunl ins..lc nui, pijaR!+,colo|llc r{c.bi.c in c.E:ru. cu{utrgi gilbcnc Pr I'nii vua. ltbincLc.+rrc sllnr sngurclc drc coLonic cfclucrclrlli iflio, calli locufl dc ftibsubr.mc lic.rc |']Biniit.le.t+a?ri ncctrf ii p.lc. !itrodu+c o hmiil nuiti leLnrabondan'lui. DuD:i xc.+F, c!dcprt+ oun. i{.lrr.lc :ltite dDa.$lea vor miiDc! paincrblDdaruhri Lm.lc dcljn bordddhrciitofi ti pr.idu lnunca n:colonrc, in lirnc 0{ regilLacorlLnil si dcpuni oui

?'g

Kffi-

Albina de orhideeCele mainullc albiN de orh .cIrii+sc ih zotrclc l|lrli|lrlc {isllnvi cslomte Mrsculii $in! !n4i dcnc.hnil floitorde orlidcc EiNlenizcitzi lrorilc iile inx mirosrl,.rres r pn|ca si joa.c un rcl h riha.hdilc (lc idfcrclero al. spccici.

Albina zidar,\lbinclc 7iddrl$j trt cuLlunlc iDs{1, inr ntu cu |uclc,am:ficrlc.Llc itL llvcizii tutrolclc cu o trd{dc a {lrndclor din xbdoDcn, cmsc intircite i dcvinc o subsranllinntemsallrli CElulcl+ Pcrlrulare sunl constroite iI runclc

Albina ldrd acDup6 cum spunc ri nli$clc lof.rc.slr alblic nn l)ot s;intctc, dr.aunurdibllc lutenncc, cu carc I otsi muite ori.c tutds Tfiicsc iD cLr-lonji !i \ilec c{ib\.ilc sub!imiDt,nltt un lrundt dc capac eu chFIinir-o Tont a unuicuib dc lEr!]lt

"{lbina duleherFcmLlF rtbinci dihhd mad. nrlemr urrbud sub fnffa dc lun.lc ir tic.arc hlml. ca rapiunSir d..elulc, !c cric le trmpl+N ncctar ti lr.len. iuli caredrfuft utr ou in flecxrc €h,litonch !a sln in itrotic,€ iird

AIbtna cucCr t iFsircr nu a. .Dlasrnu1c,a+crsli ilbi cu $le.r deri$pc iii dellnc or c n:ouibdLLlc altor r1biru, ca'e

Kffi-

q

Albina minerAlbiDdc njncl isifac LibuiLc nrlungi tutrclc raDri6calo, pu carc leslti inpdnifl. Celul+lc djr $nelesunr umPlurc cu nechr t' loLcn,dlpi cdrc in clc sunl deF$c t)!EIe.F ecire albjnd isisrti p,opruLcnib. dnr cLc sc l)ol.enDiFcnru atr,ij iwfLiunn ifl nunit mlrrs,

Kfiq

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I2!j

ViespileVicsliie sunt ai lolositoarc (lccat s-ar crcde.EIe i$i llldncsc lawele cu alte jnsectc, cu]l1 ar fionizi si afide, care aduc pagube grldinilor $icultudlor Firb viespi, aceste insccte diun;toare

Ktrabdl fi mult mai Durnffoase, Vicspile adulte sc 'l

' : - \ lur in i JD.r l t iJlipj. rxr ferDcls fl1, xrc

Bdrzlunele uriaqBlrziunii adurli sc ltriner c!,n-s.te !icu nc+lnlFiqjung la o htilime dc pdi Ia 3 cLn Tdicsc nrcalonir. if cuiburi fl.nt. dii'rr.utrmateuaL lscninitof.u hini[, oblhul d in l)lant+ iftslsate_ Dc obid,cuibul s. ruli in1r{dr cop sarint. o.ns;i vc.he. Ltuvctc s.bdtrcsc cu

'$.+te idtrsc dc a(l l1i

Viespea de veziciAscsra riesu nrinlscuLc fuidelunou c dodrpe anunl1c spc{iidcplirnr+, DD dduz+ carc nu snnl Fdcph htele\c. plafla sazdirorftc{zri tuj!rulontuiocxcrcFeiIs, o \'czi+i. Atuncicandics. din.!, hrla sc va fidi, cuconlilulrl lccsr+i vozici.

.\

hriincsc in pnlcipal cu 11ec14r $i cu sucul fixctelor coapte.\4rrlre coqcir de , rrpj. iuc.-rsiv vic.pca de roroi i i vie.pcap[ianJcn, duc o viall solitari $i iii lac s111gure cu]burjlcpc_t1t o! I lc or { <l r .c.mrr i , .cspcrcon.mdyibirziunelc, trdiesc i11 colonii rnari $i an cuiDufl aomune.Colo jle de viesli nu stochenzi hmna, ca albincle. Toat6. olo,aa moire. e^.cptlc Jicind Jo.r rpg:rla.

Fumica decatifea

scminit pu1'n cu o flmicii.Fsrncl+lc catrtli cnibui h ,rlbnlclorsau il! altorlievi riigi d{p{nouSlc pc lNele a.cston. Cilntllm'+ dc l:{nrici dc catilca icrc dn1or, iy vr minca gazd.-

Musca ficrd.shluirrrudrd c! riN|ile, ddnu arc mLl loce lul dinr'i.bdomen ii to'occ- Fcmelaisid{pune ounlc pc In'nzelesalcie. Cuilnd dLTi lccca,

fiunz{ se fornEari nitl€lrziculc CiiDd !p ! lal\cld

Kffi, LI

Kffi

Ktr+b

:-1{}

Kffir,

4.hduL.t+

! In|clclc +orplc. ELe pdDd rl(cirNcd., pcnru a.si lLrini tiuiiviestilc sunt bnlc cunoscLrl+

!lnrfl iflct iturile lor A(ul$.uft dc la.o!di c\lc lcgal

dc d pungl dc vcnlt.

!iclj,rclc 5i ll+nl'a r se

Viespea de hirticVcslca de hi i€ \ iconsrr !i.tte o{ibxldi r-un rtraI+r ilrscminftor hdfria, pe caro il

todu.e snigu.t, rLm Lunn n$s-

Viespca comunivi+s!ilc comune se lirincsc cunccLi ii alti hrani dnl.c, cu ilr

Viespea ichneumonIcmcla ichDeumor Forlt sd sn}ciI losn r.rn lunel ln c?rc i\;I d.pu,c ouiilc. i" oliLrlieE! laldord|!.inscil.,.r! 1l visFilu dcl1)lr!j. Ace$ti vies!. aLc un rL,b

+c.inl l,cilfl d€pun.r.a ouiilii,numi oao])ozilor Cind ipare,ldr! dc Lchneurnon \. h.incllc

Kffi"

lcci( la c{rc adnugEsalili Femehdcpnic ouile ni celulc dnrnii(ic

Mfli mnLlc femclc sc r$nsscFcnlin a h.ini tli .n alte

Kffi"

Viespea-piianjenalbaslrl-neagrivicstik.liiiall.r nu scaminil cn

F je i : ! i , Ni i ! i hr i rcsc la c lccn r:iiarl cni ldulli schrinNccn ne.tm Dou Icrula rriJr{cpii{DjeDi p. {nN iipiitli7..7i

o nrlcrrilr.i.i. ac, C!!i.a'ejiphs|rzli ]n dllulc. nrp'rlmicn cilc rr or- Lcte iciiti dtro! !a n,inca !iitLnjcntrl

Viespea de nimolVi.spilc l. riinrol s!nl rolirafr

!is. lrincso +r iltc lnsc.i+ fin.cla: Fcnrch IJi odncc ntb (i]| r$rnol I li..ar+ coltLl.'L

cl ! [ rs+xzi m o t ia ] fsr . t i

tlmli7rti. lrenh.tr ldla siiartii crL cc sil s. Lrin+ds.li lLt

q,

4ivKffi-

L.1 E

Albinele melifereD :: i:ili'#ii::ff ;i'jx'..".:,': ffii::iil*"rlt

L ucrdtoarclcO alb i5 hcr:iroir. riicarcdoar a!.orDarrv Fsc sripli

nll lr pfiinx lipdmifn I

g',jli dc ouii !idc lar!.I+coloriei. Apoi ca rJuti lacorstruiEa tirturilor :!i lai*r.tin ci cnibuhri In..clc din n"nli. ca al senitnsirontu d'. h;i,_!{trcitrd rtr

Celula regald

polenizeazli nenumlrate lccolts $i produc in fjecarean mrerc. de o valoare imensi.Multe albiDe dnc o viali solitari, dar albineiemelifele riliesc in colonii uria5c de mii de indivizi,cu o organizare social:r complexi. Fiecare colonic

are o reginS. Regina esrc mai marc deaet celelaltcalbins $i depune toate ouile colonjei, Cei mai

mulli rnembd ai colorriei sunt femele lucritoare.EIc au grijd de tinerct, construiesc 5i repari cuibul 5iaduc ltana, dar nu dcplm oui.

;$i[:rj::"ir]Ji,r ! ! t r ; i , o: t rhrunl i

F.dur[ dc d g]andi d.,... ,. fe pi.rcr delos a

lbd0mcNlu i. ,{lbineler! inr sublirr.lc ceari.

F car. o nnnoalc ctr gurrlrnri cind $lc (lcsnn dc

nroxlc pcDtru x fi lolosiiil Id

viir.r,cl. rosine . rcsc in cehLtclccrnlc, c.,e atihn d. Dar8itrc.

cnihrlui. LxNclu dn1{c{st. c.h'tcsnnL hr-linitc c! liptitofdc nratci0 snbslinE hogdii in l)rohrnc. cuepr.viie d+ h o ul di dc la 0d!u1lncritoarci. Lar!cle dc I!cdl!rresunt hrinitc c:]l.!r Tilc cu Iiptii.rde Dlrdt tirpoicu polcr lii Decmf.

Mascuii se afl5 in cuib doar intr o arumitir perioadiia anului Ei mr rmmcesc Ai se afli acolo doiupentrua se imperec)rea cu noile regine, Cuibul este aqezaiintr-o scorbur5 nare de copaa, sau intr-o constructieadnsi de apicultor, numitii stult. Cuibul colsti inpiici fonnare dil Sinrri de celulc hexagonale (cuSas€ laturi). Accste celulc contjn ouii yr puruL, ca 5rprovizii de polcl iri de rniere.

Hmiccle albinedlbinelc luc.il.r.r iLu inlord(xun0f.Ertc ih{lt de hctu Aruci clnd s.iiro!!c+ fo li clhs, irciir.rri ctrpolcn t' nc.tlt o lucrftoaic csLc

incorJ rnri dc c.luldre

?3:

Echipate penh'umunca

Tortc urolrclc dc care ar+nNoi. o dbhi l!*!tuaEsu in ea. lc llcca,c dit!iciorrcle dh fad !r': lrefi

lu.gi, tnlosilipotru a'ti n!dcptula I'.letrulttc pc coiP, c!

a.'esti{uri spccioh,pcnrru cnmlar.a mt'jfr croilPc p croarLlc mcdii sc

rfli un $. dc 1)c..drc.jrti Ii indc-Frrar.a polcnul! de

. pc tioi.l.clc dn l4i! r l ro sFLn leuur

I .caolla'cr cern dc p.

^" abilorncn. Pr ti{cdr4i' f inlrc tlci.NLe dir

o dlbini nelifcril l!{rilorrcro.ri:l s.r i,forr drnhrlLitlilorte dcftrolLrr..cn collrjlc Flfe dc Folcr:grlbei iuritr AI|e lrcIabxr! serllni in jd Ler, Fcnl ides.i!c!pqlctuL$ r ll1un. in celd.. tJ

.| urnlcl s1 tenruteILr:nicile trijesc in rLriafe grupuri de mij de indivizi, bincOlgln, /a 'c i f iumrle coio - i r , Lu.c rn:rr . , rUrc (J . , t . i i t . , rcCUlbu lc sLb. lon, j . ! u rr t nclp In cr{OneCL-tc i | | ]a ' l luulputrezit sau sub plmant. Ficcarc colonie arc cet plrlin oJc _i i . c:trc dc nc o!l; c Luc-r-o-re c \(rrr. t t u.c j-emc c.a_r elL nu po d-o.rc ouJ. I e-rcLOel i .1 ncdincO.onr. .. tdunand hlr"d t r . . ;ndg.t_iJ.rLrt i C-p,r i . lemrrrerrrr!u_r LnrLlqtts c l l "nlci lc. d- lr :1.. -n _o rpof , . lcnt , .r . l rr ,- le Lonslrutc!c . | | .buri ur ' i l )e cu cJrare s.e\ iale punlr.oua Sr put pcntru pfoviziile cle hr.ani.

Furuica de focDuli clrn su8c.ca7i ii nnrn+t+.Iumi.s da lbc eri o utcilur,i tiolnle|iluii

'.drrxbilc, c{rc Dcn1ruorn'cnj por fi foan! {tn,*o.se EF!lir.r2i rl(e imectc, t. carc Lc

oftoffi prln n4et&., dar s0 LI i-nelrc rr c! scrlillc, tu.ac ri |oriAc*tc tun'icj isi fec cuib$j]c nrp.nitnt sr! srb b.tovmi iibntrcni.

Fumica rlzboinic[slfc dcoscb;c Cc ift tu ki,inhi{ilc .[ztoirLicx ntr isi c.i-slr"rrcs+ cuiburl !c.mancnt€ tlcD a4iilnicsc iI c!LrL ee prlizti,to!rc!n{ l0xt. rtsc.lelc sau.cl.Ialie ricGlimici ingtnire il] crtcPc,iodic, se opRsc !cn1n a!ro-dwe oui Fi iirnilD ink{n toc Finiicand our.(Lrl s.s dozvolli(, Fumjcit+llcliloarc iii uilcsd corpuitc, td-rano lD cu'o tc)l)orx., nrLnrirorrucj rcirnr Droeirr$

Kffi"uv4

FurnicaIOgle

lunncrl!r r.5| c5rr ro! Lrr! mierc", un Produs secndirxlsjsremLrlri digcstLy al Dhlrntelorglize run lc ridc t{m ci lrjng.dlili nit{dr aDudc fcl, lrcnrrn a oin.urrjr sii ehbcruzeIiciuun dcli.riid bogrr ni z.tir runrjoite r0!rise nrar hfircsc sj cu nc.lrru]

/ l-u!ic! s.srilddr\

Fun ca ]seceritoareAl iste l tn) i . r iFJU cipi t ametcoc lr !b {riul lof d. ! sL hiin .trsdnnlc! Daial+s dc *crealc cindgnres. o su.si rtluld!trri dc semrnF nL rrrropjeri ( ibrtui, c cr.rr r]l n nrl mjrosro c pjrLjr[ J le.otrirtr( ) f! rriet'I( Llt,rcol{rnrc4Lnfi rh !{nid,r. d. JbrdcnLr.runLrle sLr.;ifC Dri nILr. rctrrr ioc(rr lu rcrorc ! r t . dupnTit l z i I4nrbcpi r r . rc Ntc curtu t r . ntr N

Kfiq

KtrbFurnica dulgherColor jls de fnmi.i dulghefili r.cNibndlc in alidnilc dc IchD san tEstilpji salr in co|!cii prltszili siirdcs.a constLro'c N nr.c pc'Lc.lCa ii h c.l.ldts tuh'cr, ijgLisd{puDc toatc onile col.nici DuPiicc a detrs un ou,lLrcIild.rDlc il rr!

Si 'ldtrc

lftri-o cameri $,iciau,L rniti crcli. !4dc lof rvca 8fr.li

Furnica tiietoare defirLnze

Tcrmita cu bot ascutitCclc mai nnLlr. colonii d€ tmlcdr tudn,|zi s!+cialia ti, nun,ilisoldrti, pcnlru l}116hr€d imlotri}q dulninilor, cun a, { tunioilc, cot

Ior si le rhcc auibnLile SoldalLircostui llD de tomi(c Ru boh,'j

Am\rc t0mici \i Frodlc !,ropndhraii. Eje laicbuqdFlc dc trunTec! maDdi|ulcl+ lnfcr nislc follle+i!j h dDc io cuib Lor subt€'m.Acolo, {nLn2ele sunr mastecalc aImeft.atc s dejcolii, obinaniin scasrfcl gdtiiotu dc n,glit:jnintll iccslc gdiualorrc lor cr+Icciupcrci, pe.dc Iurf,c'I. h

Ktrs

Temrita subteraniCun s!!nc ti numeLc. accstcIennil! lo,:uiesc n1 {trtbunsubrcfarc. Elc irlicsc in zonelepiduroisc cilduroarc $ schrin sc cu lennr ouLr+lii utr cu

Temita delernn

* Accstc l€trlil! aGci lem-nul . l i l n lor , dFt i lJ t i

.Inr clrt r.rteiui. Oryrniedsmi+roc..pic. slccirlirntc f n.o'Inl lor Ic ajuli sii.ligcrclcclsrii h]xni tofrc Eca Tetnltek spccializatc. solilali, au ciltlel+ nai $ad iiuindibulsle mmari dccat cclcLaltc, lentru a

lur{N si a!cr+ coloDio iuJlotiu

UT,

ri

/::,2:$li,

{'at - ,

,iF.,,t'.,' Itr\ . l'rfg ru rd! nnfl.3:{;

P[ianjeni qiscolp1onlA rahnidch, crrc includ pl irni(.ni i , r i i te\d r inuri dc

nscorpioni si divcrsclc t ipuri dc cipufi. !unt adclcaconsidcrstc ins€cae, dal clc formcazii un gr[p $cparrtd€ ncvc|.tcbrttte. trle suDt iitc xnimale lbarac vcchi,crrc au :rpirut pe uscat cu cel putin 400 dc milioanedc ani in urmii. Astezi, arahnialele includ nn l gspccttu de forme col.poralc, dar in gcncrnl cle:lu patrupcrechi de picioare $i sunt l ipsite dc aripi snu dc xntcnc-Ctle mai multc triicsc pe uscat $i vincnzji nlte victiti,pe carc lc minancii.

PaianjeniiCei nal muld pnianleni slLnt cu 1ot!l inofcnsivi. DoaI cli.tiva,cunr af ii piianienul crL pAnz5 in pnlnie, a$ o tuusciitufi:!pcficuloasi penlru oameni. Dc fapt. piianjcDii 1c facoanenilor un marc scfviciu! Iitirld sub co trol populalia dcrnscctc, pentru ci toli sunt vinetori $i se hrinesc in princ-p:1. . r r r . ;u: .crrc i . Ur. i , J inrr . .pccr. lc nai : : r r i curnar 1l piiiadenul pdshrar, se ]1riiDcsc chiar cu l11ici fixmifcrcii pisnri. Toli piianJcnii pot si pioduci malhsc cu niitcglande speclalc dc Ia spatclc corpuluj, dar nu tolr construiesc pinzc. Piiar{cnii lolosesc lirele dc metasc pcnttu a iSiinchidc cuiburilc, ier rnii chjer collsLruicsc capcane de lt:i-tnsc, pc care le til1in1rc picioarc, pcnt.u a prinr.lc prada.Trnerii piianjcni loloscsc llrele IuDgi dc mii.rsc ca pe ni$topllm$ute, atunci cand vor'sll plccc in ciutarea dc noiteritorii.

liianjcnul lnpDupi! (n i isputrc $i nnmlc,liiiatljL:tnrl lup +stc un !aril,]rrap,d, crrc so st,ccoadlnr$ lingiliudI. duFiirnL! olidndc, d!pii o

5cw Ll i tut i { ] l f losl ' CcLDi, murl' nn c.N'uLNc

Pd.ia.njenul siritorslrro de.rebife de mrjofnarc!piianjenilor, Frenlcnul snril0r arc oYcdcrc loanc bun:i. care il njUti log:ilircx p zii O drd ce a zlfit ccvF,

bndietrul s e ff

kly'_.:;.i',.,;.,;{.--{;;,:;:,;

Kffi

VS.duva neagrifc,nda rihnjcrul i\ird{vx ncrrrid{ la pici.n,crc diris!r1. }cridci,c{ ljltonLl cLiro iirudcl r tfrIfizi' flnisc iir Ihsi o imtl.t 1rr.isuplirrnler.i d. rniirNr Arc.In$ci(!ri vcaino$i. O sjrgtrEfr.iitri cclri!al+azir cu o cantlhlcrlrcciabili dc v+nih {c irrpc audoFlci MAcuhLl nn nlui+li.

fri c+rr ii rjuli

Ilirndri; p;n.i li l.5im lnl: n.

sffi. .xj

F

zdl

(n '

'z'

, , ' lPiianjenul cu u$5\rizuiru rc{slui pilio'jcn arc uiupic afticnlal Pilidli.nul.$cani i criorut lizninci tAnii cindsimtc mit*rc: I'izii dcisul}IaAI).iicsc.cpcdc p. u)ii,

lr1iddc prId{ i' sc irlorE+ c,l

Pdianjenul crabAistlijanlcn sc d+FlascsTihtnl. & nn c nL, nit (csc Ftrzii,dd i r$ul i i . mi , n l icr . lcdglnn{{ l-+DcLcl+ iri3lirc d.nnl.rc.hce. Unii Piiianjcni *ibsunl mirro inclis sru rr{3ri, dxf?.cci! c{n: hi estcrFri l.!dn lrcf.'isLnL d.ichs colfislr, fcntru

d

Plianjenul de licheniPaianjcnul dc Iich.Di cstc Lilldt.

Tarantula cugenunchi rogiilrr.Lirulclc sq n+mrl,E trinrr.ccimd nu'1i t)iiitrtcni. I'a'o'rNlc l.r so po( r'rxnrC. |c 2u 0n-Cclc r l l i im! l t . sc rscutd irnnfut tlci, i,Lr noapei ics si!in.z. insccrc ri miciviclil!i, ltcxrc lc odrlri cn tuScitun lolvutritr.isli, llcn1ru oxrtcD, snrlin.frnsrlc ti d.YiD tor htr Nrltnitr+ rnnulc dc crsli. LocrliicLi.nlcg l arlrlclc p|l1riu calofrin[-un numiir atol dc h c.nic i l i I . t r .n rd s-ar pulcn.rpu!i,* sli m{i fc vi7ui. nl

Pdianienul scuipdlorA+csl rii)iror.c.biinuii scaIr'.pic {c ai+li5li !i scnidlrsLtrc ci d.(i firc i:nh_o snb'slxnti lipi+iotrri, urc pro!in drnglm{c!c dc lirgi g{r|i, FtrilL +idii Tigzrg !c pradi, po rmc oimobl Li7.az!. ApoL Fntlcntl

iiind blnc ascNN p{ +anjFcopacilof icot,criti dc l1d)cn].Tonl. unbrclc.rro i ar Pulcxlrid! f'czctrl{ s'nlr dcnurr.dc p!ruldc!. Dic[ dLa'rj.n!lbiiDrucilc ii so rlmt'c uD

I iDt|mit. sc Lip.trc i, ,nd mulldc coaF coprcuhi iideti'](L!)

1r

Kffi-Uv4'

I[nNr: triLr t.r j], LDgnnc

Pdjanjenul pumalas€ aufleF+mcialljdDjotr cu nitasc a,rjccsLc rLc oprn.ui ori mri hng!decit nrlsculxl $i Fort€ si +inrii-rcasci dc 100 de orirnei muh decitacesla. Dc fapr! nl.finer b.s.ulLrlrLedc un avantq rtuftci cifd rc apralic de lemelli l}cnru a sc nnpefectlcnd en Cn $ incazul nDof irsccrcm ci carc ii i ri ir pllsli, ,nasrultrl+scc pr.a Dnc petrlru ca fcdch sils{ obosersci si il acacc

Piianjenul comrln decasIPiiiar.icrn! dc casi rcpicioarcl!n8i, pr+si1ralL cu }fli r!|i iirconsrmcilc o piD2i plaii, hrrc,i | l ' -un col l l in i t l i l a l casei ,sanjului r rop.otrrhi. El std inspatelc linzci, n$cptAnd .a fradasi si) incurcc jtr F:inzr lilicioasi,dupa cd. scoate prada Ce acolo !i

Kffi-v' ! 4.

le

Pdianjenul cu pdnzain p61nieAr.it f iirnid tunrb1|i.n\. 0!llaii r lbmrl dr f i tnr . , ! t r rc ru nu*sPru rrzuir n l r j nrbpimrD(Mi.Di+i o victrrr riN ft ilropir.r!inzci, Itiiatricmil d snrte ii scgriheilc si + Dri|di Pilianjudicntifzn piil e prind broilre;i.Iiilcfi rFe,:tc sr.eu o m$citurll cxlrdrr

alanJnuL cu penzA-unga

lni

Pdpu

Cr

incli

iniL

ni

s

ln

i lu i

p,iL * [

Dysdera crocataAccJ ti pi!ia':jcn i iu dolryse o.hi.rci mr DUI|| su opr. Eii$ peicczim arunT!.dr.s sub pi.rie. alrorpl€a rcs.a sa vancze Fdn.hidclc!x) Piduchii dc lcDu run,schelet cxlcnr c rcm de larc, d$xcesl DiiarJcn loarc si le \r4ung{rmn,r cu lrietii Iui c.lrirlouitj

I

Linxul verdcLinul cn. un vi:riiloi ncliv i]iatiid. ).'d 1,{i (t:i irnri0 ! t+ fitzi,cLi t i I n i i . \ lc ! I f tn lant ' .pLxile, sin.d dc pc o itunzl !callx A + o b! i vNd{rc, crrc il

ajrLii s.lm+i frade,lc lrcN ct

. .!,cr hi !.fic il fa.s

ip, .apr:nv Tibj lc i Id $( i ! ' i

IrlDzc. lqrclr t*c tn sc d+

. nl i l rc f r r l t r or . ! r , I c rL

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PlianjenuJ de aPitlidnjcnnl dc lpi].stc srgu'nr

!iii:',ltn cre \i du.e turLtigx r'rlihalr:i EI i5i .otrsrtuie\rc sub xPi

rn iditlost sl)ecil, in.!rc f,.al. iilrcstle rcr Dnpi cc i ctnsltlrn !(drlrjrii e nuit,rsc jr lonli d.

oLol.t, rL drcc i cn acr c.icol.lrd.la {Lrntriali Llor iDrri ii casi,

isl{Ptlnd rparilia PilziL Sc

rcpcd.ln vL.lLfo, pc cai.. dt'rcei. cl.p!1, utrd+ o ndDiiDea

Tr i

;

t:

LNJ

i t i

AI

gn

ta

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:if

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,i*.*l

pOarrc pLLLrne lin e c,rrsrrriesC erpcdte fc.rl"1I palndercd lrizi i. l ,-tntrc cele ,ILj cunoccl.e c

nlnnrri i paianjcli i tc\.tror-t, r,!re tes pinzele Fc crrclc vedcm adcstrr i I ;r idirrr ; i c,r.e. L,rr"-i r .r i mr lLde2.500 de specii diferite din ace$ri paianjeni, car.ctu5iesc in toatii lumea.

I Pdlantenli igi aonstruicsc penzelc din d.oui tipuri c1enl lra!(..M.' j.Lr.e- orovil j( dq la gl,rncjel:.re i.r ' .p. rcie

i co"Fului. Carrtr ic.e din Je.chi.le. Ic de h crpi:rrl

I i tbdornt 'nuhr i . numite ' i l rcre sar-duz<. miL, .co e.rc[ 1.c lud". Urrul d in r ip.r i re de r j lase se l r tar( j .c!J devenind ur fir foarte rczistelL. carc nu oste

l l l ic ior . LcJi . , ) r . ip estc i i l r ic i , . 1. re to lo.e-rc- pentn! celLtul p.inzet. l.tp.- cqtr*trl ire.. piinzcr,

.- .* PiianjcnLrl st; jn rrt i.ocul ' lcest(-a sfJ se' 6r ascJndc rn apropier;. legl rre 1jo2g. p11n.. un l l1de sefl-ralrZ,ir,-. Prir,,.ccnr, nSilnjen:l , irrlr oricelnucale sau perturbare a pdnzci. Dupii ce prada csteprinsA in partea l ipicioasi a palzei, p,i ia]] jcnuJ scgrabcgte si o multe f i sd o inlE$oarc in firc depanz5, !enl.ru a impiedica evadarea

Pdianjenii lesdtori

, -l Cjnstruirea unei....1 ! panzer, _,/ Nral infii, piimjcnut esailof

n ' ror{rnerrc o nftr.o Lj Je lirc' r clipiciois+, t(s.nr rot! cci I Jnt l . i r .onlxr :h, 'or s!n d+

-.- a tc srjrorlur. Sc adtrugi ol)oi, r m, n!lL.,,stiic , dupi tuic

.,- i r:ih.j.trul crccui o stimti'_ r.\.lugi tcrhp.md Dupd cc

totxls a stabitizdr.Idionj$ul nrl.il pc Dirzi sj rcs.spifrlr Lipi. oasii, n,dclinardst;rlx iorillrdi. inLEBut pFccsdx.crzi trri pufi (t.. o t. iNpiiixrjcnulilndc sit l..sti o tjinlr ix

Piianjcnul cufali de cdpclunAccsl piiorLi+nisi drctplai la vidimil EL r.sc otirsa nn+i dff.czisr€fii dir frrcibadc LificioNc, tus+ p*te o rct+ddc nlila$c n+lilicioasi. lDdnrii cc arcm,n.r ca!c,Drj Nianjehtrl scrl:i i dc o defguli tLin ciiLcvrli'e, liMnd |l.sa inLr. cctc pdlpiciorc iiD fad Cilnd o iis+dil sNxri|{lpr., piiia\icnol nni,,dc piL,zr.irf vicLim zhoar.i diEdr id .a tirclifcttc.lruda cslc rpoilc8ili ca oIo{tcir iri dusii in alti Frlc stLc n I

-r/

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Paianjenul cu panzdDlanibarcxisti! ii un dt lrl de Farzi, \cum dr fi cca r xc+scl]! |iirLlcn.Ic'rsrx rcsc o Fun Phni cL!oforic, corc pdits !i stj inriDdi Pcwd ahoFu de 30 c$i, dnrr.rentlcxfli sut, er. Dc.sul'rd litrzdlcrisri mai nlte tuc c e o lin llelo+. Cdnd lradc alinBc acsrt ni e.ca cadcnrplFi. undc tst{ !flnsi d{

rliid'jj cnuL cLlrc xitcalLi

A.tstlilianjcn lcsitor r Pri.\ln nl is i un l l (ure, l to[re LLinElod nr piDzi. P.$n' oa slid Potiic!*4( Fl iLvx ciri

eoinrtr..lotr zitodt de ldnli

liivii, fodril !i irinti

La pindd pe panzaA.. . ip"

"r j "n,L. ; i ; i rs l . rpI i

ce. insrcli sri sc a!€nlulcze nr

rt'.picrco l,i,rzci tisil sc I leNcadc ca.liiLadnul efe Pa fi.carc

ticior *ndui .a€ scltrita: cuni$c ghcare suPlriEnl(rc, +u (ar0

st fulo iic li|elo nclifi.ioisc alcpi +j, elirindu le!! ccl.lifi.ionsr Daot PilLrni€NL $ ng+

lrco frrLc Iiriciotsii, un ulcLslce 11 d. ! . t ic ior in l iedi . i

l : ,

r'i

>..>,,2Lr

-- t l'z

j . , *L

Scorpioni si altearahiide strqExisH Aproximatjv 1.500 de ripud descorpioDi, care triiesc in toale lurnea, dinde+erluri peni in junglele dir rcgiunjlc calde.Ei sc folosesc dc ac'Lrl veninos de la capi{ulcor?ulur pcnlru a ornori prada +i pentru a se aliira.

PseudoscorpionnlA.estc r[iiars. c n]dc alc\.o,tr0n( lLu, niilorrc ld sol. atrglnndc !d)iro.s iii Ftpa(our, fccrrc ld toloscsc la ara.ai.r pEizii.\u an xe. Ps+udoscortriorjjgraDdc.l4producoc I m:iri!ti ti iiilcs coconr in (dLc i5i l+lrc. iafln_

luline ljpuri de scolpiofi au un venir aiat de prjtcrnic tcetse omoarc un on! dar cei mai D}Ll]!i au o iniepituri muhnui gravi decet cca a all'inclor sau i| viespilor. Tot dingrupul afhnidclor ihc piutc $i mirrusculele clpuge, Cipuqele'e

rr iDs:c cr- o-l dc.ride so , incl-a r lrc '1ici i iccte,Unele dintre ele duc o viali paraziiara, pc alle animale. ingeneral, se hr;incsc cu sangclc pislrjlor sau al nanif'erelor

Scorpionul centruroidAccst sco+ion sc ascundc iiiIimlLLl zilLi I)c sub !icrrc. ialnotPlc, icsc sn leDczc nici jrsccl+iiDiidnjchi.u clc ii lui t c(iciIcndx ti carE nor niiscutiilcsridlc.itcva sittiuii)i, Irinii cindsnnr dcsruldc mariFctrtft n sc

Scorpionul vdntuluiScorFioilii vintulli, numitj lln+orjn piiinnjcDiisohrlui, suni dc trrrtr dc r lc ad!! i r r r i lar scorDionl SrBi\cs! dr ubi.ri i dN+nLni F,ifdvirirori nf iri, c; liiDi{zi insc0lLi i .h ia i i in ic i iopir ic. Sc fn loscf tdc luneil{ lof pilt$onrc, N.niri-loarc cn rrtl+ piciorr., |.nlnr xrnndc irftdr, tu vrcnc cc roluld.sunzor.st+ Drclxil dr rlmnpcroch+ dc ficioirc

Scorpionul cu bici(scorpronul flaselat )\ r rv r ; r r l n{ sslr u-scomro!adcuitu'. Arc o soxdii lurg| ii crlrripm d. ac Arc prrru l}ocrh dcPrcroarcj d pfrmt D+rcclrc cslufoloriLi po nmr dc Ljrlpxt+irr.

rcoDr.Rr {u 0r+r +stc cunosNtr,f\-- 5i n b r0n(lc dl

o,e,rr lc |1r 'u cx

fi ,iliit']tij tifliti,til,i"!

- rtldt h bizr aozn

242

Ktrq

'ffiffi:wwrwni-tr-v''"11;

Mirinrr: r4.5 !n rDgi.!. !r

Cipupa db caiifea ..Ad.nsli ciDt$i se nlmeltc aq. o'nc!u{ lEn ui ds ti 6n c e na.otcd coryul rotund. Aduhi !rco tidtll indtpeollcntS. hrinridt{cin sF.ial.u oLLi dc

'ireclt l:i ilL

dcFni ouilcP{ Itiminl Cird qrx',

lrrvcle vor . di cx lsmziti aiiDScct€lof sau piii..jctrilor.I€nindtr-sc {u lluidcle coryonlc

Scorpionul comunS!ot! onnl co,,LUn iti t:sc$r !rlornr pdhciprl plin sitnFl piplituILD'thl.\indn-s. dc ti|o finc d€ !t €o4),

Fici.rN $1cle$" rr1:Frcutur ncar, pcntnL n sitrrtr

dcsti, d{Pn c!rc i!icxrbcazi

Cipuqa de prafAroslt cil}u$c lriLesc D..s.lc din to!t6lNnc! []s s.

l,Lincs,: cu ninu$culii solTide

licle Lnrc sc g:ircsc iirPraiuLcartric. Motcdilc 1ot fecdc coDlinsul$tatrlc care crxzxxzi ucl'rBlc|gicc slu aslrn (dificul1at. irrcstirilic) ld unli ornrcni tnsibilL

*tc cco trui lnig:i Dc' obic€i r+rla no(P!:n,

I r_ nnJ(tuL i r rFRioro{ ger itaTe nLl.ctc. tdilcLrdqruc ooile pc soi,xbrlclor slr iorti Frta. rrp L

CipugaCnf$clc .trtrl larlz'u +arcse hin.sc cn sinrlcLe martr-{r.clor, ptsliiior !i rtf lileLorlle stN pe o gazdi aitesdsiplIrniDi,litlif in care schiincsc, bnc Pnnsc cr.r

putemi.c. UnElc sPscii

lol si ${nsniltr boh nl

nJ)I

1ila

lenul cu'oange

tulo1

)ii1aricx

Kf)^d.vv Q

sffi

ulG#1

Kff*'

f , , t | 1 I 'lvlelcul. l lmaxul sr altenevertebrate de uscatDc IAngI in$ecre si pi i ianjcni. eyirt: i mullc altc r ipuriI. dc neverrebr:rtc carc i5i pctr ec r iarLt pc u!c.r l . Crlemai ftulte molu$tc tfliesc in rnrrcr dar oxisti fi speciitcrestre, cum ar li mclcii $i limac$ii, ,rPlduchii de leftrI"sunt de fapt rudc cu crustdceii marini, cum ar fi crabii9i rrevclii. Rimele +unt rude cu vicrmii segmentati dinmarc, dflr i$i petrec via.ta sipind in sold camprrrilor,p[durilor $i gridinilor, Tostc rccsle rnimalc suntcomune in toatl Iumca,Ca ti inscctelc ;i piirnjcnii, milipcdclc $i centipedelesunt niste ariropode. Creaturi foartc reu$ite, eletriierc ieste tot, de Ia jungh pini lir tundri, Adc$cap0t fi confundatc cu ni$te insecte, dcr au mult maimultc picioare ti sunt lipsite dr aripi. Corpurile lor seput uscl repede Ia sorre Fi dc aceca acesae vietiti suntfttive nuftdi noaptea.

Marele limax negru

RAmaRiinele sr nnat.csc r'n solurik d nloxli lunea Ele itl pcrrcc car mairn cpMlc a v'chi nr liha lSj io5Li $Lfrdtull doar noapter str tclrchc nNdi se hrtrncsc jn lrincipxl cu trunzc doarle siu cu altfia!$rl v.Eclal, dar niinilncil il)iin3tri, {liscdnd c.ea cc sctoarc

LimaxuLcstc o molusci Scmini!cu un rnclc, dar iu arc co.hilidcxtc'nll Toatc Dolu{1clc d+ us+sttmdnc Dlcus. Accaslii lrbsranliliL sjuii |'a hnlx s{ nu sc usu+c alltdc r.pedc i ii p.anitc si sc (lc!lR-scze nririor LirnaxullasS pcslcr0l pc uftdc mcrgc r,Lrln':i dc nrucustidsllclpo.tc si sc o.icnlcze. Schr![+rtcin slccixlru phn14 vii fiptrlrczi1.li cu mrteriale lisrtc dcanitulo, pe care le gascgc cu

Pdduchele de lemnl'liduchclc dc lcmn sc jnrud{Lr cucnsra+cii, cum ,tr ii crabiiticf+v+li. daL s-o adalLil la !h!rtcr.stri!. Corpul tuicsic fonnrt d'nl3 sc!fl+nlc ri ifc ? pcrc,:hi dcpiaioaic. Sc ascmdc ni lacwi

luDccoasc tr trDicdc in lnnt!lzilcj 9i uorltca jcac aa sc hiinc$cicu plantc pukczilc i.n 'nicivicltri

244

@@&ni*piadrro: rrrtroi4 JL Ah*i{n

D. trura i8r lliirtilidl: ,trrtr dral

@ssR:rrpindnF: in infci$ LunrDcnr mircr liinliti.i: t@/r iru r

@sD@

Rtultqri4i: li iDrirxg{ tasc

! e"*,til^ *t"*"

Mil ipe dulblindat

Milipedulh ciLda nr chtr,

'niLit]czij-ffnu an o mic dc ti.iolrc ccrcmai nrlt spccrL tu doar,:al.!r

rnlr.rsrc !4n r Dcnn'

C0 ipcdulsc dcllasruiiratiid pc ft|. l5 ?crcchi dcpiajoorc ti ramazii insccl€,p[iftrj+ni !i fllt. mi{i ric(iliprirdc p'rda iD ghcar.lc $lcrscuFc, circ For sii injcr:!c2+ oolnli 1,Ul..nici, pctrl.u

Centipedul

s(|lc Sutrl fiin(q lcntc, earc sch,iincs{ cu planl. j ki,csc Fc slb

Iicrfc sru s{b coljx colacilor, srusc as+und in lnlcriorul v.gchri.i

I l i

c(t,ot-

!

,t

@sDrtrunk€x giin!incli: r',tus

@@Lr rnuinnB niialllicil: ail, dliri

@@sMi.in!r: rD.pL,l pioi h,tri

Dcnun|nu n in' lin !i: /rrrr'r

@bR!! iDdnrn: in,ria3 h' nr

MeLcul de grfidinlDivosc lifn'i dc mclcr sc

Btscsc nl torrli luhod. T0(i a! u'rc.!r moalc, ca rl Iinaxrh'i, tio.ochr|. Iarc pc oan o Mrli p+spltc. ccj Lnli mulli nclci iiipcrcc zi!s li lntc'io,rl cocliilici

ti ics norptci pcnLr'u a sc lrrillicn rl{nlo foiorsc Eiscdq,larrzii cu,,jrlorul liui,.pi.iof rusodos pc un slflrr d+mnc{s pt crrcl lroduc s!'t,

l4-'i

Creaturi marinee langi nriilc dc spccii de pc$ti car triicsc in oceanc,cxi$ti $j un urir$ numir dc specii de nevcrtcbr{te.

Cel pu.tin 160.000 dc lpecii, iDtre carc scoicile, crabii $inrcduzclc triiesc in toatc rcgiurjlc oceanuluir dc I{flptlc de suprdlJtl p:ini lx fundufile {bisalc. Apclc((lc miri populalc sull l crlc r l larc in unropict c]t$uFntefei. Aiei. lrminr abunde'rtI pitru dc pnn; ln ;lrdencimen dc 100 m, producind o rbundcnti dclihplancton. Acesle plante nticroscopice !untconsumate de zooplancton - nnimale mi[uscuh careplutc$c Ia supulafa apei fi carc sunt la rendul Iord:incate de aninralclc mri mari,

tJurefll, meouzele $l^

I ' ,specrile 1nruo1teB-icri. . tu rrrtt : -, rpu. .. ," cc sirrrple. ' ir ' .r p,.r s f. .r 'mul! planLe decet aDim0lc. Lancle lor inoat:i lillcr, dlrlednltii rirnin irlr'uD loc, pc o stinci sau pe fundul mjirji.$i ancmoDele de L|ra1e seanrine cLr ni$Ic plaIrte. Ele rFat'li]1unu jr lp n-fc n_ v cl!-r nurlr i le c r c||L, in ( fc nrnlrd li coralul $i nrcduzclc. Cele rnai mLLltc aLr un corpsimplu, tubular, Si lentaolrlc in0rmatc ru celule urzic!'rtodr.c.Cter)cfo ele re,rr ' j . aurnc. l , r lc , r l r thrnei ' .ngrLpseparat. Eie sunt nnimale tralshcidc, rnici, dar plulesc inapcle de supftrlali. Brahiolodclc sunt crcatui cu coc}ilii,.are se ancoreazi de stiiDci sau dc fundul milii cll nir,tlorulunui ,.picior" cirnos.

Brahiopodelell,.hiolodcL!. nnr:rc fi s.oiciLrpici0r s.u,,trco:.: lanlii . sLrtncurbn rLc nnni snir d, ai nalccr c hiLcsc pc Ptunim dcipronnn.liY 550 DiL:oare d. an .r\tr o coclilia !er+clre ii ur ricrorscurt, fc.r'. { lFl <lcilisiCird i t rdcs.hid cochiLi i . , t rn l {i!.rli ietrr:cuh ir)+ol:icilc,I}rrs;iralc cr p.ri:)ari ,tc.!ti!crisoti lirc d!r sp't r.nlr.rlr.cmpri in.+,c:rE Ihi l+

Rliql:i ndn tI: o..ixnLnrhn:i.

ti\:lnnt I kd lqteh i da I i)

Cnetolorll comuLrld.st lip dr c.c1oir. sc dcplns.n/il+! dut .x rn. i l . i . i l i l r r i . i r{hDrt i in I r chpddi de;or i.ornulrL ior isrminill.f . .!nrl

rranslnc:d.iL Acc$ p;!o;, \ f rnaLnrf l rs. t '

r f'+!rcr:, c. rurd. 5'

0' IL-txd' liluI vi!ra

'mtrcrftj.I lr.n cp'rprrsa' nf iDi f t l p r

rl)i Prind. aninr lc cnrnulL

crcvrtr' rr dr.ancL li.Iif

cnctolorDl

@Mrrrr ler : :5fni [ i l i t r $rnilllindi*x: ?+s irq rl! lrirnrn*r ci 1or{rtrx tr rrDddDdrrrriftr tlrid!jri{i Jotrarr*

Burctclcrurlri srrt |: hlrc crl+ mi sispl.rlnnrl. FxnhL r sc L.[ni, rj |rrsaf i

' i . . r . , ! c.o-ul t r i , n ic i le

Iadcnlc dc lxina fiind rcti rt. $i

.dtrcr 5r +ijtnrrl

Pana demarc

'tt*

Fregataoolfugneza'rrgat. p-. uehezl

si c.ii lLu1etlc lr Rr

sDccilici nr coLonrc,.!inar fi cat r{rca hEnei s:u

Meduza purpudeCa nl|ii)fitdtca_rnedilzclor. lcc$rilierat; re ultc c+lule uruicitoarcN lugilc lcnt.culc. Accst+ ccltrlco |]lorcj.sTi dc n'aLnc1

D'jndr

lle!i

polipi. UD !oljl

Coralul creierComlul{rei€r sc gisc$c .el rnar.dcsea in qre rdnn{idc 6_12 m

nnn$rl gRrp. Pc Firlc

hlinirori llncil csre rhnsa,Dai! d+ mnc inccP€ si

Ancmona de mareAncrnotu ilc Dar+ ffc asF.c!o.flomc, drr fc tqtt cstc un

anim.l tisc hraNtlc cu ahc

Tlij,r!.le sub foim unolcLrtolc ii colonii de dinuscul'r..csnL.i ltscrhiuilonre r+ an.

onele. numirc PoliPi. Fi€aL.nmrre n.c$i polipl aft un schel+tfi . S+hcl+leLc loincxzi ba2a

n[s|lMnarlnord ILl iru]LLi

DrnuFL.tr l1iin!ril: P.rDltri

Mirihqi: cupdx llcm, retu lcid

R$pitrdiei: rPcle crLdt li t0P&lc

iin ocEd{Lc ArLxtr1ic,liiixtrli Pn. lic

l)cnnnid. iliitr!in.!: FlF,n

Dr['iflr tltriL!5 cD iDiDii]l'.c

Dcidfl isn rtiift in.i: ri,ir? :lP

+tn

CrustaceiiExisti aproxinativ 3L000 dc specii dc crustacci, inb:e carecr:]bii, h,:irdiuii $i crevelii. Piduchii de Lenn triiesc pe lscat5i cxistiL gi citcva specii de creveli si de alte specii de apirdulcc, dar cci mai lnulti crustacei hiiesc ln finre. l!1ftodobi$nuit, cfllstaccii au un schclct cxtcrior dur, carcprotejeazi corpuL moalc din intc or Crpul cstc cr:rnstrtuitdiu p;ni la sase segmente, pe care se gisc$c doud perqchide enlene Si cebva tipud dc gure Dc rcstLLL corpulul, carcr j poaLr np:r , in lorncc . Jbdo-ncn. .c Icd: ;pioioarcle de mers,

CreYetele de ad6ncuriAntcn+lc ciclcr+lui dc ldancurisunl,niilungi dcaiic col]rl,llu,. ELiti jntinilc utoftlc pcDtr{ r g.'Nih n? in nxuDcri+d ryclor xd:ir$i.flininqi orirc nrtcric noa ii ri inrus d+ !$rrczroF..Nrc o

Gdsca cu guler alb(ias cu gtrLcr rlb kiicilc fixalii

trin pidjoflLl {i ii+ oricc obicclthrc e ii Dm€, i,ElLEiv bu!rcni,,csnrL de n iasii |i navc.CorJ'ulesre hclis inll o co+hiliofornarE ditr cinci slnntrj. AcNtcrsc ds.hid la 1All. islf.l oiillnsca +u guler all!+ilc !i !;sc.,LIi cclc iasc pcrccl,i dc !'aFcuIlerl p.|)rru r u.llcdla in!sculcI)ani+ule de hr0ri din rptr

Rt!ptndiFr: rc.srlt Admriu

D{auhnH ltiillifr ci ll,l!a}

rbdomcn Din oui lor i.ri lmeascn$rioarc cn cirvelir, +aErff tl(ih slpnfili rimp dccitcvi sllttitnAni Apoi F ro,at+za Fc fundrL ntuii si lofin.epc s:i sc haDslbnno nl

Izopodul uriagEsrc o (di ! rii epnduclrcLur dcLrnn. .arc tr:ie*e nr aF.l.

|!lltri'nctr: 12,5 . ) luAin.Rislindinr ?iDa anhdii r

\'

Anlarcticii, unde !dnde orice hnnaipoltc gisi De aseDener, esre $gunoicl al iurdrLuL f ifii, hrini'Fdu+c cn vie'ililnoair+ sru mu:i-buidc. lbp.dcl. dni ADtarclicasrftr, mult nw nari dccel ofic!'e

Homarulin tnnrd lilci, trccsl fttrsracclifllfc s+ lKude in ciirinuilc dinstiinci, daf matte! ise lavir6tollfc- ii iolo*sie ck$ii trrid$ilclnru apsrlorr tia rutc fndr,cFc.otrslii in noluiic tl ctabi.vdr, fcddr homfi dclunc m'ldc$xi,le can t€ cari cu.a pc

Iti 'IiDdirm:.c*Dl tu ni.D.iunlr.i rtliillli.[: nr1'r,1(s

DrruFirF t. rrinc!: hDlras

248

Pasurulsmc'deoscbirc dex\j crabi, P*srLftnu drc o coclilnr durfi trop e Dl

iii prolejc*7i coryul n.atc ta'nd

in cochili^ sllndanxtd a dterrietilj, .um N fL u nelc rarln

crabul irc cl.Ftr mmlt Pr,!mp.rcchc dc PicjoaE, cu ajutorul

Lanqusta MontagueLa triiclc atr o Platot! Dulr maL

subitre dccircEbiisau In arii

ltembElc d€ Pc dbdomtn sunt

f.losjteDcntrtr inol, in un! cc +{lc

d€ pc bn* Ioloscsc La. erssaupcDtru oduccria hrxnc! h 8r'ra

M[!iEc!: PiinJ lx L0 cLr

ft iii]|ihtti(': norill Attintriru'

nrnu'hirls ttiinfli.i: ftgrls

A N$l[ de l'ionlblDd$ift o lti inrjl ici:

"a'l&

k'itl ul rc as!{cl d. .^"etc li rc

bran+rr.u firoPlirclon \sL cu mrcl

nrmal. fe t,)ie l€ nlffcdzr_din cf I

r i htrrjdlloi. cc'c plncrlira nrunx

Dcr$rumulliPc$, lcnt u PLngoLmiichiar Fcr1fl bal+nc O balenli

Lllbaslri loare sit ninancc zjluc.

lani b pdro nilioinc de oiqmPlar€dc trill KiiU ul csie cxlr€n oe

rSspendit, idxncori ostt rtal d+

dero in r mrrLa se n,rcj&i

Amhpodul,Adest mic cruslnsu hilctlc Psllhmuilc cu o|e Pulin adinci' sub

nnnci sxu inlfe icrburl- Se

hdnc$le +u dr.i bu.nFlc dEpLinte sau cu subsunleannndLicrc fc Ebdonen al€ lrcLp(rcchL de Ficr.iIc cd tlutonrl.

-.ir.Ln sire. f+rDcl+ ft anftLPoo r)r

!tu tuii inrr o Pngn din ldror

Krill-ul antarcttc

Crabul comestibilCcinaj nul l icrabi !+ acaraPdcs la!c, crrc !e

nrolc.!u i corPnl, $1cucr;er*hi dc pisioale PtiLnx

Flrcchc ara clciti Putenlcr'lolosilipbtro

^ sFrgc

cochiliile pinzli, care co$sti

pi+ioalc sunituoL mrclanlii lrilies. r_fttre sFnc\

Riirntndi*o: oclan.Lc $id 'c

ornunriEi rtitnind: Erl}hdiri'

Moluqtelellxrsta ccL pulin 100 000 de specii acllLale dc lnolustc. Elesc impart in tfci mari gnLpurii gasfolodcLc, cum ar flmel, i i de n.are. b.. al!elc. '-m r.r f i .corci le.,.cefalopodele, culn ar fi caracati,tele, sepiile, calftarii linautilus. Melcii Si lnnac$ii triiesc $i !c usc.it $i in all.iidulce, dar fiajo tatea covar$iioarc a moLustelor se g:lsescin rnare. La cele fiai multc molu$tc, corpul se inpade intrei pI4i: capul, carc collinc gura $i organele de simt,corpuL 9i picioarclc, care sunt o parte c;imoas6 { corpuluicu ajntorul cireia mohr$tele se deplascazii. in marca lorftajoritatc, dar nu toatc, molu+tele nu o coclllie d$rir carclc prolcjcaze corpul moale.

I

t -@

Ril!iDdinx:..rxEt. ^1lrnr

r

Dc d rur {rjintjtuii: .,rro,r}s

PectinidelePedhidel. au un corp moalc,tro-tcja1, ca la scoi.i, dc do!i.o.IiLiiCafi coclriljilc sc intlcdcsclid, csr+!iriLril u !!r dclchi tline ddvolhli'l +re d€.s€bn€ dr $oicile flcrrc se uini. p+ctrDidele se dephscrzii prin inchidc,ca tn,sci a

StridiaStidir.st u lip d. Dolusciibilalrii.^rc u 60r! moale, aFmtdc dlui cocl) i l i i l i r i , ca!c sr i tlinnte ripire tir rr$cfiilulcrnici.Minincd hi,:ilucilclc dc plant iianirnal+, !c (m lc iillrcazi: dinali Apa cs(c lnsi i! cochilia!4.!d dtslniiuli, idr Llrrn{ cstcp.insjt io p.riiliPicio!i dr !c

,.\

ririnrrr iili; ri t0!m h'slnt

D.tru'nno tli '!ifici: orxM

t : { ;

Cypraea cervus(cdprioara de Atlantic)Ac$sli mol$cii este unmelc:nruncu o coch;lic lbc*c iaDonsii. Sprcdc{sctiD d+ D joril{lc! mcLcilotcilsqn poato fi acoF.rifi cu anlauari lstfel lnnnalul s. port€ canuflaDri bre (Mrntana este un strdt$rt1ir de lesut dnn,e cochilie ticorlul pr0pr Lu'zis.) Dcschidcr+!codrilici cslc prcsii.atii cu 35 d.d nli

cocbjUilor. caf f{4cr2i i.$ire. aDei!ipropds!rcr nr dir*lir opusi

Scoica obiqmritiDeli irc sflnc si ,dc li!". rceastis{oici lriicirc ingiopxl,i in siNnsnu roronL c. N flndul ori(iiLeidre. iD.hEi! nl m,irii. iiis,piigrorF cr ficioar+lc, rhh suur +l,feldngtrc cilno.si x coLrnlr. Ap+!ihinni {rllrcj fiint.) trer ti nt'-u!tub Apoix- i+sc de cexhLd paltc

RErnlndir{r: iordr I'arjtislui

Caracatila comuna ,Lr:r.rl:!c efc nn co+.: o f!|gn

nlt bfrrN luui llecar+ durac.{cr lritrd Co!! ii-

o

-.tc,zP

ztlt

Rri \Pirdue oeui tn ' . r i .

Dlqnnn{ )rriddiri: 3'l j.,,

c! r lb r ' . ln! tc, crnr i r i rlcoicilc |. crt l. sDdr'|[ dtrL

Itirlli n! ':

rrria:r ^ihrrLr

MelcrLl rnariu

' ' r { n i idxtctrLu4 Em!. I .. luemicr o rjrLir si

n.4i t! l rd drrr

,/ p.trlc;i rl nl+iti ftLtnf.

a , , / emDci!( l f r oQ i . t l i

: / - -" dc af i i l t r p i l r ( . ieLr'

fi r. r rjjnprlri as.nnlrirdr scnr cr i t i ( rL 5j i r . i p i .Lr . ,

purp Lrnu

Melcul triiznetAccsr c lq r i3 'c xr o c.di l i tr f i r l i , .LL d,r8i Lni i .n i i .liiic$N !r nrdntrlc nrsLl)ar(.!i{ [ilo.i., i,] rpclc FULtr,fu i t i f ( r , l . i Ltrdtr sr in l f i rc i ix l

.u gu Pcir( i i bulc lor ssxhu{1idlr nLcnsLL rodar l .

\*-J c1rt.rc4L rLL iiri miIIr

t-\i ;;il;il::i;ll;;',. d* Lor rri :..tnL tsc'rri d! bral' ' -\r",-I Ft o pc.Nlr. rlc tc,)l$trlf nulr trlr ,,,r--*-,'*-****- i.ig';n,iu^1.,r"rcrr,.r.r' l"i_ii";,lill.l,t;lill-,

!ilrll, le r.nLr.ulclof xjtrti li Riiiiiitrdi,L ':

{r$rL,1,rjLi.,! . : ra l r ' ' . | . lo : , I * . . , . . . ' . ' , ' . .

nudibranchia i f t r r$r i i t rLLsrrcc; . - in+r i io"L! ' D.-wrLnol t i inr ind:r . '4o

ludrbrafdrir. sdr mclcii ic r,,xi. lrl d:i, \.ria su d.l,tstdrtr c! xn

I:Lrli ca.hitii, s,nlrudc rh .hil.r t l dr Ln.t.r {' icnitjl, {jcrilri

Adcs+tr softriu.olor t AcN,LsLi i ap! drf coD psrilu i iirxirli

rtc.ic t|c o tclcLhe dc !L.ic+l'reir. s.rmiui cn tiJrc.oa,m )i nnmd,urcl,i dr blnlii in fonn, dcpari l]{ sp|]rc S. hrintsc rr

Chromodoris

:5t

rrnLri!({. ( x.[cr-

'I i].Lx ir o t{i.1. n f.fi

BrdP,-- -"".'ttf

:1 ' F rcte cnr. r , -",!l

{rc srlrrisunl loimqle dintrnfl nuid lipl+ oipc csrc ilrrcducc o glmdi

Accs! tlujd se nrrlr.tLr $ llntscoice I l,iti srnns d. Npo'lScoica arc douiiju AtlliA€csteo stN in od noflmliichis, dm sc pot dcschidc fi,tLat.lcntru a re fil1h ditr d!! lrcr

td

Mclcul cu dungtalba$tre

FJ

;tl

F

E

Nu tolim.lcii su piitrd de s0DciVcLDul or dusi allr:rstrc F Pindcdu r$xrile ntrinc, care 1. IiindulIrrsunt iNoitlc d+ srincl snr dtiundnl llli'ii, in ipropLc'€rriftnlui M€ldl sc hiAeil. fi+duixtua-gazdi, fic (u algc iin

Urt nrclc lnL.ol.nt rc Fn.r. d.sLndcilene ia

'inm, inco:'lunr c

irefi.|r dc Jn.ie St de rltcicliLti Acen,..1. \c nrlnesle{0 pliDr. rnrars.trLei NDt..r-!o, caLc cts+ !e *dh.r,

Viermi si echinodenneE\i . . t i | rprol i r tu l : \ IL500 de,Deci i de v icrni scgr.en' i , ,sau iaeftlti. lnrc ci se nunriri $i timclc, care triiesc pcuscat, ca $i unii viermj de apl duLcc, cum ar Ii ]ililorilc,dar cei maj 1nulli vietuli hiicsc in mare, Toti a corpuldivizat intr:-un numfu de segmente. Toatc cchinoderfielehiiicsc in mare exisli d,:ui grupuri mari: crinii de marc,stelele de marc, castravc{ri de mare qi aricii dc marc,lfiprelLnii cu binutii de Lrare. Mldte slccii au un corpimpeftit in cinci sectoare radiaLc, cu o guri. intr-o parte $iun anus in ceaialti. Cele fiai multc cchinoderme sedeplaseazi pe liciaarc tubuLarc, fiecare tennillat cu oventuzd discoidall.

$oarecele de mareln clrda tonnei luillinuF, s+ar+cclc d! mrc csle de fafr nn lclil.visrmu ldrt{r sulerl.nrn cslc aootcn't n, pcri d.i gd nEodi, +m idau nsp+cr fc blani riii iNpni nu-n+lc. SoiEcele de nxrc iti pcrrNcedF( p{nc r ri.rilsrb noroiul sa(nisilul d. p+ itrndul apclor F(1in

Steaua-qarpe fragiLdr\cc{slli srei {re un coi! cr:nkalinlonnii de dir t ciici b(p lu,Ui.c! loFr. senahte nrirc +lc Clirrladnrlului esre if tefica infcriorriia disoului Srcile{aryc r loLos$tedc bnlele eilL S pcilru a piitui{r!'c' crunaceirr llrc vrcillli

Ariciul dc mare culepi lungiTcp,i ii proajcrzi pc a cii d. na,.nnDoki\tr indnicilor Gum anima-h risc ani iu pric{ de jos r cof-pllur 9i dc cnrcidiDli, amn_ialilnoe'{, cu. e

'ncstcca hrona. Ziu.,

:ce iricislru ascnnliin rccif, drrn.atlea iet td rc hiincanil cu aLgc.Crinul

de rnare

N

W;2 A.eadiYielltc !rc un

l7 fi.iofltiss ih sridcn.

11, tsmtele mn,incet,; N tlli+i

d picioafe tubulaE c! ni{tc

[.: ]eDture. Ci'rd se hilnc$lc,

lr crinul dc niarc ir1i , c

[, 1'|a1c1+ !.1fillrcnzl ril,incbtru] it, nllc priflic(l+ cu xjutonlR pi.ioarclortuLbulnre H.!na esle

i. lr+culi nri ikl]rrtc t-rr FrlrriI cu cu p x rr gu{ rr cenrN

;l

Arhili+{hiia alr MecitE adeDLntrn rca rriihl i{il tr/lir,/ra

,li l i,iDar coLjxrlr0 riirili r11 10.nRr5p8ndrrc&i 6e, rAlt liori

DttruniFi sliin1ift i: rilorg lllr ,r,ti&-

R:irtindn.a: 66rD L A ltnLirRilnindinr:orm An} c

25,6

Viermele perie de PrafCorpnl acstrri rlcnDe

qlccraculds sti dc

:. ncxibll L+crr rlc

Bdnulul de marecomuBiiulrl.1. ni.c a,€ nn €ortlplitlzotnr form! de disii !i ocodhrlic acopadl cu sp1'iiscu4i.Pe pxnca;nferiorii arc rLru' {c

ti.ilaF llbuldre utnuscuL+, 4arcajuli rnirnalulsi rdnnc h'ana dnr

Steaua demare ghimpatE

. . ,::ii '

S-ICastravetelede mare

Cdlravclii dc maF !'nlinn1dincu sr+lcLc dc lnarc, drr alr corPulhng, sjnplu L!utrul din caticl.sc olli mnsul,

'ar ln ccalallE

guri, iLrcoLrjni ari dc rcnuctrlecafc Ddunii hnm Po lo$iIungih+r co,lnLui. dlc th.i do

ticiorra nbll c tunuscllo.Arunci clind cst ftlbursr,clsrravctclc dc r),l.c cjcctcazidir aius fiLc lipi.ioasc, car€

Vi.ermele palolor\.cst !i.rmc r'diclto $b Pr.trc,iLrrr+ L+r'b{rilc rnarinc. rLiil Ia

$nn, cet liji a|)c adiinci Aropar lrcr.chidc tcntrctrlc la cal

5intrlLc flrc in l:onni de rislldc a lungul coLrului, d. ubclc

F4iltrlc,alq. So tulinc$c nrlnciprl ctr clti licnni',ffi

IlI

Coerl li l)$!elc accnei srclc dcm$e sLnL &oferilc cu slni anSub fieoxrc brq eristl doud lmnilc pi{ioarc l{bnlF€ licio.reletubd.rc Iumlioncnzi mnul|an,inthzindu'sc ri conlracdndu_s+,penhu cx slsrur dc nare si scdcpLas€zc in ciutau prilzii-

;55

Rirlindi'1!: ioilul o.GnL h

z'

,7 ci 'c-, i , ' rc t ' ."1 i

Ri!0indn{r o.!!trtr1 ^llmlL.t

RirpirdiNi: cos.!j. nnrdr..rlc ,\lLitrrlcuLui ti Frcincului

De ce igi construiesc animalele cuiburi?egi mulre anir:rale se descurci 5i fErd cuib sauvreo casii de orica fel, altclo construiesc

sttucturi pe carc Ie foloscsc pentru a se adiposti $ipentrr a-$i cre$tc puii in siguranli.. Aceasti casdpoate 1i constluiti special, curu ar'fi un cuib depasdre, sau poate ti pur li simllln o savrtatenalurali, sau un iac adiposlit. Cuibr le pot fificute in copaci sau pe sol sau in vizuini subpimdnt. In geueial, pisirile iqi constmresccuiburi daar pcnhr pcrioada de imnultire. De

obrcei, cuibul erte pelasi. indaL; !e f lr. t ruplecat. Ulele rna:nifere, cun ar fi castorii gi

cii:tii cle preerie, iqi pctrec nrult timp iti casele pecare qi le construiesc, Acestea pol si aibii camere

speciale pentru dormit, pcntru pui lii pentrudepoziLarea hr"nei. lnscc-clc cr..rn ar fi ,Ibrnelc.viespile, furnicile 5i termitele c,rnshlicsc Ai elecuiburi complexe.

CuiL,al n cstei }isiri rr:lrnn de cltlitolldri rilmuElc su6lri, u.dr x.inaLlL.de![di !{t si djungi.r Cieo. CrLb.dc !D\utdin librc r.gchlc arcimrrca in llmpler.r virluLrj Crnorii ?i8li?ui.sc un riN.! irinuriti fiD:int, pe.rru. cr.r un

lacni.nre se !. so.r bnnr pe.N irrn. DiMoi. Cc btuij sNcoNrari.ir.u eClFo! d.d djn otunsi

15S--..,

f_mcLa !olncclul s€.erntorcons(clc!@un dlpoe tc.trutri !cgssell4 tuiDirr de cereil. trs.dtc $nLoepc s, iadmic Fuz.l. Ma in j!ru]tLtjr, pini ciad vr rourj \!codslru'1rci o flilfofhl L, intLtimorJe 50 ondeNlpft solului Apolhli..dc lsrbi sa! Ir nz. i vx rcrc $slNc(fi globuhi cn drrineliul lr

^cc+sri mllilt ncrc c$c.nhsnarni dd

insrit€lc 6r colP noale nuDir(tcrnlto. Muru.oiulese lonnd +lnpiDlnt ,hcsrc..r cu feslelet nnit€lor in idtrno:ultuise aflr ucuib foar cornplcx. ua hbjrnn demhcrL $' mr.l..orlini a.+sFooralepertril lr.idn, pcnku o!i !ilenr!pui.t Co$riLc trttrti ltr vcnllrlj. !lturt Lr +d!inc4+ iernDerilwri dinirl.rioL i0 llrrir{ ddccprabilo.

Index

i lbim dlno:r d. ILUTN lt8

in(o$Dr Lr! D,(o 19,2J6,1'17

,4ncsi d{ Lh!{ crFl)llubtL

B

Br+' N r t r rLr+r LLLn Cr l in 44

Bitr$uldcNr. corrtrlrs

3ibxnu e.xdr Sx bed r?7nibui qLdL[gi rLbr!Lrq l5d.

l!rur$' olririrnrc 150 l5Llrufiri llq. Llo, 146, 147,

lturca 3fri.rri cu gLrxLc lad

253

Btur$ d. rodulpn.jtrtuh, i

n,odQ orriY(ftrL &nc t5+Br0iica pilhri silirrir l5lEL'triilloi sud atr .mr l5rB,sc! ; . r r . t r r l i i t . ! r39

ii

anLrrifl l!r, 160 16r. r6ii

CihrsirLia zbnrftorr 2lrs. lit

annclcoDf l cr gll.f diti.h

Cioclrul c,L cffdi iLrlitt 3.9cxtrsnrt .u or! :i. i 1 .rodl

C1trgu'rl ph. J .roicn r:

135Bssr!1c{i81cu rql hde

I t7. t :7Bm$atcs.omi tu Fnul i l

atu.L5u'i!5ror5i dc AimLr t2.l5rcr5ri r'c$csa dc bniti I 21

Erorr.r tc*ors! d. pidur: l!'1

3'031.r !a{6xd tit}li r25

( r(nlcLc dt nNt ?51. ?J5

Cifchjl ds iinml lrt. r41.14i

alirllt.d 201 202,244,2r5

ChillxorLob$rr t dcco9r. li

clr 4tr$dortr dudibfto.[ : 1t t

C 0.!Ditoa €tr fl ccrtt 1q

Cir{! rfn.nrr txlar Lii 35

a'rli (Lo rindrtrr.rdcCo lJ2

Coco$lsl r,u,iDr l9?. Lgl

ab.orL I de tlduc sndior, 19

Codr I cu !f }i*ni +rli1lti t30

Clt [ r i?0 11, q6,97, ]00 ror

ar+ ridchLl F1n fl' ucsrl 3t

cro$litut ?, r3- Lltj l1),r2t , Lt :21

amrodl l !LdiNLI I l$ 19, l : l l

CrccodiltrL tttr ae${lncln

cnfutrd$i.u pLcPtr'L tup rr

D

Du$hl dc an e de ^tuaL

Lr

Dri .u ld.Ddd6?, 157, l t9,

lrusurl dc nft rt dc 1q:

E'

E.ninodemrtc 103, 25t. !5t

F

:59

Flurdrlc 155.102, 120,2ll,

lr:r Nitrisr riD Prlkr r!. rn

Cttdicul'.dc dc ncill 200'

Foir iu bl!D3 sull 'ns

citri

IDci Ltio.iilori di bi :Lr

rnNln re$, 1l&. 11,1.235, t56

tiu,jLica rilicrolfc dc lhizc rjl

cr i 'd i+l 10L.10:.?12 115

Giid.eul Lx i nnc LrrsL ? I e

cil.d&, & Iecirin{ linnrr

Jiiiuntri d..nli. cu sr/r i

lrdiLl cu lordr iLrhti 22

Lf l t lNrsrk Hl f r iMiH

L I rcDl Fnunq' , r thLlaDgil f l

Mi mL'ltrd.nila$ [l,\r ! ' t j

\t,'inL:jr.rii1trj$rini 16Mr' nL{c[ di: Ln..:n-( L: ]6M: mat.:. di. r.rnr,rvr r

Gc.ko.u.oxdx rl in i[+

(r!ru * dLg+r+iL naiL llS

U3

(n0rdru o cr l l i rE l i+

atrtrl+ul dr (rxr ririi N SB

H

I

JJr.lhiirur iu eo{li nri 93

f

Li.sb .! dj1ilr,ui!i106Liiu!ra nr i,ictrr iune 106

Limbxd.m!rur5 /nr l r

]/l. l.ul.u dlll3 | bi $*lt3Melcrl dc siid tril l0 L 2,15

Mctc sllialar1-r1r,25?,153

Mic ir de t:iriu trnrrir nir r0l

rf ,i ni rtrrlipi ni:ric ? r0

/$1i

"*y_' f

vuLh!f iuutrdungLi thc!15ivrli r snu dc colcitrdl 211

[r0h\rcLr 1i1. 1Jl. ?51].?53

O,nid! Eoliei !21 211 3?,1.IJ

Opoiuftul{a{ a Fri. l)

P,i,!,d r birri r i. ldisulLtl0&

Ir$ftrloib. flL pllDt rh mL

PNrEprruriilui .Di dl-

I,isuiri l:edlLlui Yil$tr jD9

Pdira niolh LCr{ii t.l

Pi$r: soirilr rt rrs.url

r tnr s d 11[ Lo! l j l . l j9.

Paj td. . r ( iF] ts F t l$ r{q

P$rdlrmr0rLi L l t lL i lSt

lclrllrnni. Drrratbanf

Pqrr. cr pnLtr fhi 133. L3!

t , .$Jlo ( , la ,Fdr! t l iLrr

llilr r iirn l5r ll{ l,rl

Pa..l. l0Fd di,4.lL n ir'lP!ir. nrDLirorjn.iib t nr

Prt( .1 i1{prsturr lcPi re l

tJ7. r {4J65. 163-11), l r ,

r .$ d! .nt 157.160.163

tq$h tri'nirili lilr, r60, l6l.

P

F,idrchclc r *s !na1(ii 1r 1

PiiJdchclc dr k'ntr 144. Ir3

Plia'!cLul 2il, 2+] l0:r, 216'

crixDJcruL.onm Emn:33

riLmj(0Dr .a lxti (le csl.iirLn

li5ir d ',

aesFieLtlrlelur

PrniLrrndi:lLi I lrli l0!r

N

Lipr!rhL cu crcsit AalbcDat

251

193

Petd! o$s L5E-159, L&.117

flJrr: Jrlixgtr xrh(ru |l[r t rd:olDinrtr ! r rbdL l&6

PDrs.u ro i sinEi* llL

I\Nigfurorri .r th10' ! $r :

R

tiiL:duicrd. fxrc coi,f,n $t

Rrdr i , | l?, r t8, r5c, 160t6l

RNhiDuLbrlctrii l5?, 160, l6l

shh rli mm flr r Lliir 15 j

$irPctc 1t?, n3 r lN. r i+ 3?

frPlt! Ior dc lmf Lil Lll ',tL7

$rLpclcdrNrr.udnfAi r l6

S*rccrid L!tri{ii.lnul6l5*ftc r rrji lldri v*c63l+[orrruL tS, 60,6] .61_{1S+bolmi dr luncr NDui 6:s0L.lmi d tr l-lifa Y.dr 6iS+bo,ldrri n sor rl! Ll$.n 60

s

Sii nda uirJi dr lh.itr

ssrf]+trur r55, $6. 1.12. 211

Ssi.ni flLprorm Loiii 77

sntri rui i!rrlL!d {e Dli rrrr!c

262

!wn(r zburl..vc a,ir$:, ll

v ic.drt{ | j l .20t 102,r i4,

\rutLudLr+.Tt 90 9r, ct q3

Vdlmr dcmftdl hLSt ln

ltlL!,dIs.tr d! V asr.rT

$obo Lin I .$rgu rls {eJct (0

Sor i , l i t l l L l?. l t$.123 Li j

9op.1r r r.dudr d. d(cd llll

FuoiiLxJxLPc de 1rn3wl lil

SorcLm{lctr Pitiurc gmrlc !i

T

Tii!6n'Lx fl !cMi.[ D1ii11?

Tenoa$ LFllr dc Ga i &s

'[i|rxal coilo cu douii d.gd.l,l2

Tiirrul-.od & N.w rtuvldJ 'cc

U

UishcltLfr cu .o7i Lursil05

Y

Z

Tci,trn 2l&, :14, 215, 2J6,15?

TonL I cu r iP LUrrc g31b.n! l3l

Tura.. cu.r!ns[,oat 102

O spLendidi enciclopedie despre incredibila Iume aanimaleLor

'Peste 1.000 de ilustratii coiorO cuprinzi.toare rrecere ir rcvrsti a lumij anjmaiclor'Ar:ple t t .et . t i l - mun r l t re. p i ' i r ' . rep, lg. e-r ja eni .

pc$ti $j inscctc, piiatjcni Si aLte nelertebrate. Descrie triisihrri contportamentale alc aninralcior. O.ni :c l t ,p.d c r .a l izaLi de o ccn:pi ue erJ,e4i

. O cartc de rcfcrirLli. util ipentru Scoali $i pLi-lcuti peDtru lectura d€ acasi

,.1.