C A R E E R D E V E L O P M E N T & C O U N S E L I N G :

W H AT ’ S T H E P L A N ?N A C A C E S S E N T I A L S O F P R O F E S S I O N A L

D E V E L O P M E N T

A L I C E L . R O B E RT S O N , S C H O O L C O U N S E L O R

C H A N T I L LY H I G H S C H O O L

NEA's Lily Eskelsen

García on What

Teachers Do

T R A N S I T I O N S

What knowledge do

our students need?

What skills do they

need?

HOW DO YOU SUPPORT STUDENTS’ CAREER DEVELOPMENT?

Knowledge?

Skills?

H O W T O P L A N A C O M P R E H E N S I V E C A R E E R P R O G R A M

GROUND LESSONS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE

Theories of Career Development

• Differ in perspective

• Complement each other

• Set of assumptions, typically based on research to explain human

behavior

• Strengths & weaknesses of theories

– Multicultural perspective?

– Single explanation?

CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY

• ‘Trait and Factor’ Theory, Vocational Choice Theory

– People are most satisfied with their work when there is a good match between the characteristics of their work and themselves

• Social Learning Theory of Career Choice

– People choose their careers based on what they have learned

– Factors that influence career choice:

• genetic influences

• environmental conditions and events

• learning experiences

• task approach skills (e.g., self-observation,

goal setting and information seeking)

CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY

• Theory of Circumscription, Compromise, and Self-

Creation (Gottfredson)– Men and women tend to differ in their occupational aspiration

– Circumscription: the process of eliminating unacceptable occupational alternatives based primarily

on gender and social class

Stages of Circumscription

Stage 1 (3-5 years) – Orientation to Size and Power

Stage 2 (6-8 years) – Orientation to Sex Roles

Stage 3 (9-13 years) – Orientation to Social Valuation

Stage 4 (14+ years) – Orientation to Unique Self

– Compromise: the process of modifying career choices due to limiting factors, such as availability of

jobs

CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY

• Life Span/Life Space Theory (Donald E. Super)– Each of us has a self-concept – how we see ourselves, how we would like to be seen, how we think

others view us

– Influenced by culture, family, experiences, events, etc.

– Perception of how well we can do in a specific area is either increased or decreased by the kind of

reinforcement we receive

– People live out their vocational self-concept through their choice of work

ASCA & VIRGINIA STANDARDS

ASCA & VIRGINIA STANDARDS

OFFER PROGRAMS EARLY & OFTEN

SELF-AWARENESS AND CAREER AWARENESS

IDENTIFY AND ARTICULATE SKILLS & INTERESTS

PROGRAMS SHOULD BE FUN & ENGAGING

‘THE PARTY’ GAME

Retrieved from:

http://www.schcounselor.com/2012/07/career-cafe-preparation-career-interest.html

THINKING OUTSIDE ‘THE BOX’

Retrieved from:

http://corneroncharacter.blogspot.com/2013/

04/outside-box-guest-post.html

UTILIZE TECHNOLOGY & ONLINE RESOURCES• Virginia Career View – www.vacareerview.org

– Grades K to 5

– Grades 6 to 8

– Parent Resources

• Missouri Dept. of Education - https://dese.mo.gov/college-career-readiness/school-counseling

• California Career Zone - www.cacareerzone.org

• Learn More Indiana – www.learnmoreindiana.org

• My Next Move – www.mynextmove.org

• School Counselor Blog – www.schcounselor.com

• Kahoot – www.getakahoot.com

COORDINATE & COLLABORATE WITH TEACHERS

CELEBRATE

& SHARE

SUCCESSES!

REFERENCES

• Hanover Research. (2012). Effective career awareness and development programs for k-8 students.

Retrieved from https://isminc.com/pdf/research-free/school-head/3376

• Leung, S.A. (2008). The big five career theories. In J.A. Athanasou & R. van Esbroeck (Eds.),

International handbook of career guidance. Retrieved from

http://www.realtutoring.com/career/bigFiveTheory.pdf

• Liedtkah, K.D. (2014, November 1). Six steps to a colossal career program. American School

Counselor Association. Retrieved from

http://www.schoolcounselor.org/magazine/blogs/november-december-2014/six-steps-to-a-

colossal-career-program

• The School Counselor Kind. (2015, August 29). Beginning of the year office photos & info.

Retrieved from https://theschoolcounselorkind.wordpress.com/2015/08/29/beginning-of-year-

office-photos-info/