Strengthening Laws, Norms and Institutions

to Prevent Mass Atrocities, Protect Populations

and Rebuild Societies.

ABOVE: Cardozo Law in NYC’s Greenwich Village.BELOW: Refugees carrying themselves, their families and their belongings to safety.

Dominic Nahr 2008

Songquan Deng /Shutterstock

CARDOZO LAW INSTITUTE in HOLOCAUST and HUMAN RIGHTS

WWW.CLIHHR.ORG @CLIHHRCARDOZO.CLIHHR@YU.EDU

CLIHHR (pronounced “clear”) began in 2005 with unclaimed funds from a Holocaust claims litigation settlement. The mission

was to engage in education, publication, and advocacy toward atrocity prevention. Since then, the Institute has become the

locus for high-level discussion on Holocaust remembrance and atrocity prevention, developing a unique and sophisticated

approach. With the support of individual donors and foundation grants, the Institute now boasts 10 faculty and staff members

implementing 10 programs to advance the scholarship and advocacy in the field.

CARDOZO LAW INSTITUTE IN HOLOCAUST AND HUMAN RIGHTS

began as the Holocaust, Genocide and Human Rights Program in 2005

with the aim to prevent mass atrocities and promote human security.

TODAY, the Institute maintains its original purpose while expanding to meet

complex and EVER-EVOLVING challenges in mass atrocity prevention and response.

Remembering the Holocaust demands BEING RESPONSIVE to the future world.

With compassion for victims of the Holocaust and mass atrocities, we are

dedicated to “paying it forward.” Maturing from a scholarly program into an

institute with practical tools, we implement change to prevent and respond to

mass atrocities. 2015 MARKS A TURNING POINT as we expand and evolve into an

organization that has grown at a pace in parallel with a growing global need

for scholarly policy and advocacy work on the PREVENTION OF MASS ATROCITIES.

2014 SAW THE HIGHEST number of refugees since WWII with 3.2 million refugees

fleeing Syria alone; extreme forms of Islam, ISIL and Boko Haram across

North Africa and the Middle East; ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS VIOLENCE in the Central

African Republic; 300,000 civilian deaths in Eastern Ukraine; thousands of

young children fleeing torture and gang violence seeking asylum in the U.S.,

Australia and the U.K. Prepared by the lessons of the past, we confront new

scenarios in A CHANGING WORLD.

The Cardozo Law Institute in Holocaust and Human Rights is AT THE FOREFRONT

of strengthening laws, norms and institutions to prevent mass atrocities by

using a systematic 3-part strategy: PREVENT, PROTECT & REBUILD.

O U R I N S T I T U T E

OUR HISTORY

1 P R E V E N T

A T R O C I T E S

We leverage institutional

expertise and resources

to challenge discriminatory

policies and practices to

prevent individuals from

becoming targets for

mass atrocities.

2 P R O T E C T

P O P U L A T I O N S

Individuals displaced

by genocide and other mass

atrocities need protection. We

defend refugee rights, represent

asylum seekers, and advocate

for state adherence to

international

law.

3 R E B U I L D

S O C I E T I E S

We assist in

processes of truth,

justice, accountability,

reparation and

non-recurrence of

violence.

MASS ATROCITIES unfold over t ime in complex yet somewhat

predictable ways. Our three -part strategy is a systematic, holistic

approach that addresses mass atrocity factors within a circuitous

continuum of OVERLAPPING PATTERNS and simultaneous events. While there is

no clear beginning, middle, or end to mass atrocities, EARLY WARNING ANALYSIS

is now accepted as reliably predicting behaviors that are more likely to lead to

genocide and other mass atrocities.

Our strategy is to PREVENT atrocities, recognizing it implies to PROTECT populations

and to REBUILD during and after crisis. Our solution is to focus on the cycle of

behavior beginning with events that precede rights violations and conflicts that

ignite violence, war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide, followed by the

losses, destruction and devastation that can refuel the cyclical pattern of atrocities.

O U R 3 - PA R T S T R AT E G Y

Bhutanese refugees in Beldangi I presenting a Bhutanese passport.

In the Dadaab refugee camp, hundreds of thousands of Somalis wait for help.

In Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovenia, a child sings in order to provide money for his family.

Paul P

rescott / Shutterstock.com

hikrcn / Shutterstock.com

WikiM

edia Com

mons

WE ACCOMPLISH our mission through multiple means. We TRAIN government officials and others on atrocity prevention. We BUILD

multilateral networks on mass atrocities, strength-ening an early warning atrocity prevention system around the world. We PARTNER with the U.S. and other governments, international and regional organizations. We pursue legislative reform and institution-building to strengthen atrocity prevention systems. We EDUCATE law students and legal profes-sionals to respect and further the rights of individu-als. We research and PUBLISH cutting-edge academic and policy scholarship on atrocity prevention, the Holocaust and international human rights. We ADVOCATE on behalf of individuals and groups suffering from systemic discrimination and mass atrocities. We PROMOTE international human rights toward eradicating genocide and mass atrocities. We PROTECT individuals immediately through legal representation for asylum seekers. We RAISE aware-ness by hosting discussions, organizing public lectures and conferences.

PROJECTS Practical project strategies offer pragmatic solutions and approaches to combatting human rights viola-tions, war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. Projects span a range of diverse, globally responsive fields:

> Early Warning and Response Project

> Citizenship and Statelessness Project

> Equality and Nondiscrimination Project

> Holocaust Remembrance and Justice Project

> Refugee Representation Project

> Pro Bono International Advocacy Project

> Law and Armed Conflict Project

> Accountability and Justice Project

> Criminalizing Illegal Use of Armed Force Project

> Jesuits Massacre Documentation Project

ABOVE: Associate Director, Refugee Representation Project Teresa Woods trains Ferkauf School of Psychology professors and students in refugee law. LEFT: Telford Taylor Fellow Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum presents scholarship at a conference in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

H O W W E W O R K

Cardozo Law students with local counterparts in Kigali, Rwanda.

CLINIC Students represent individual clients seeking asy-lum and partner with organizations to promote human rights in an effort to prevent atrocities. The Human Rights and Atroc-ity Prevention Clinic trains the next generation of advocates while offering students the opportunity to make a difference. Recently, students assisted Asylum Access Ecuador in success-ful refugee rights litigation before the Ecuadorian Constitutional Court. Student teams have also drafted early warning analysis reports for the United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide and the Responsibility to Protect.

CROSS-DISCIPLINARY CLINIC COLLABORATIONGraduate students of psychology learn to conduct forensic evaluations to support asylum claims. Law students and psy-chology students share knowledge across disciplines toward improving their respective professional practices and serving clients’ needs. The Refugee Representation Project partners with Yeshiva University’s Ferkauf School of Psychology to pro-vide holistic services to asylum seekers.

CONFERENCES & SYMPOSIA CLIHHR organizes and sponsors interdisciplinary approaches to dialogue, con-ferences, and workshops, furthering the goals of preventing atrocities and ending violent conflict and oppression globally. Deconstructing Prevention: The Theory, Policy and Practice of Mass Atrocity Prevention brought together multiple disciplines

for critical reflection of the rapidly expanding atrocity preven-tion agenda. For another event, CLIHHR partnered with the Raoul Wallenberg Legacy of Leadership Project to increase awareness of Raoul Wallenberg, his legacy and its importance for contemporary mass atrocity prevention. CLIHHR hosted the Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations Jan Eliasson and former prosecutor of the International Criminal Court Luis Moreno Ocampo to impart knowledge of Wallenberg, the Swed-ish diplomat who saved tens of thousands of Jewish lives dur-ing the Second World War in Hungary, and his legacy.

PUBLICATIONS Our faculty conducts research and furthers scholarship on human rights, atrocity prevention and humanitarian law. Recent publications include Professor Rich-ard Weisberg’s book In Praise of Intransigence: The Perils of Flexibility (Oxford University Press, 2014), Professor Sheri P. Rosenberg’s edited volume entitled Reconstructing Atrocity Pre-vention (Oxford University Press, 2015) and Professor Gabor Rona’s chapter, “Views from Mars, Views from Venus: Minding the Gap between What We say and What We Do on Terrorism,” in Jenkins, Jacobsen and Henriksen, The Long Decade: How 9/11 Changed the Law (Oxford University Press, 2014). The latest Institute publication furthers the implementation of R2P in international law and is titled A Common Standard for Applying the Responsibility to Protect (2013).

Young Suk Lim (‘16) and Noelle Forde (‘16) working on a client’s asylum interview.

Deconstructing Prevention: The Theory, Policy and Practice of Mass Atrocity Prevention conference provided a multidisciplinary agenda for atrocity prevention.

Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations Jan Eliasson with Former Special Adviser on the Responsibility to Protect Edward Luck at the Raul Wallenberg Legacy Project event.

Photo C

redit: Tristan Brand

WE WORK with the United Nations, government officials and non-government organizations to protect human rights and prevent mass

atrocities. Since minorities are the most frequent targets of mass atrocities, our focus areas include: minority rights, citizenship rights, equality, state-lessness prevention, and supporting early warning analysis and engagement for atrocity crimes.

Clinic students have represented clients in landmark cases, including Sejdic and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, before the European Court of Human Rights. In this important victory for non-discrimination and equality, the Court ruled that the Bosnian Constitution could not exclude ethnic minorities from running for President or Parliament. The 2009 ruling requires Bosnia to amend its Constitution to ensure equal public par-ticipation for all.

As part of our Citizenship and Statelessness Project, we advocate for citizenship rights and work to reduce state-lessness because stateless individuals are among the most vulnerable populations and are often at risk for atrocities. The Clinic partners with the Open Society Justice Initiative Citizen-ship and Equality Program in strategic litigation efforts before the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights and the European Court of Human Rights. In Open Society Justice Initiative v. Cote d’Ivoire (Comm. 318/06), students assisted in challenging Cote d’Ivoire’s discriminatory laws and drafted new citizenship legislation for the country to prevent further human rights violations.

“The clinic was the most exciting, meaningful, and valuable part of my law school experience. It provided me with the sound legal foundation and critical

practical skills that I draw upon every day as an asylum and immigration attorney.” – Sara Levine, Cardozo Class of 2013

We also help to develop international norms, including the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) Doctrine, to prevent mass atrocities. Our report entitled A Common Standard for Applying the Responsibility to Protect created standards for R2P to determine when the international community must act to protect populations and prevent atrocity crimes.

Permanent Representative of South Sudan to the United Nations Francis Deng, CLIHHR Faculty Director Professor Sheri P. Rosenberg, Executive Director of the Auschwitz Institute for Peace and Reconciliation Tibi Galis, and former Special Adviser on the Responsibility to Protect Edward C. Luck at the Deconstructing Prevention Conference held at Cardozo Law.

Syrian refugees at the Syrian-Turkish border.

Thomas K

och / Shutterstock.comW H AT W E P R E V E N T

IN OUR REFUGEE REPRESENTATION PROJECT, we protect refugees seeking asylum in the United States. Since 2011, students have rep-resented 20 asylum seekers from 13 countries

in affirmative and defensive proceedings. So far, all of our clients with final decisions have succeeded in receiving asylum.

Students also assist asylum seekers while advocating for change in refugee laws and policies globally. In 2014, the Clinic and Refugee Representation Project partnered with Human Rights Watch to support Asylum Access Ecuador in litigation before the Ecuadorian Constitutional Court. Our students drafted an amicus brief demonstrating Ecuador’s international legal obli-gations to protect refugees seeking asylum within its borders.

Our Law and Armed Conflict Project strengthens international humanitarian law (the law of war) and human rights law to en-sure that populations are protected, especially in these times of evolving and changing landscapes of violent conflict. In Fall 2014, Professor Gabor Rona gave an insightful talk entitled “The U.S. in Iraq and Syria: Can old laws handle new threats?”

Melissa Lefas (’12) and Rwandan counterpart in Kigali, Rwanda. Teresa Woods, and Sarah Efronson, Class of 2013 with an RRP client and her son.

In Syria, raising my voice put me in danger and forced me to leave my country. Cardozo’s Refugee Represen-tation Project worked tirelessly to help

me get asylum. I am now on a path to citizen-ship and rebuilding my life here, all while I still fight for a democratic Syria.” – Ms. H.

Bangladeshi refugee children and women from Arakan in camps in Arakan, Bangladesh.

Photoreporter / Shutterstock.com

W H O W E P R OT E C T

OUR ACCOUNTABILITY AND JUSTICE PROJECT rebuilds societies in post-conflict transi-tions. We assist with litigation efforts to hold international war criminals to

account for atrocity crimes. Our recent projects include research for United Nations Special Rap-porteurs working on transitional justice issues and assisting the Center for Justice and Accountability to extradite human rights abusers for trial in Spanish courts under universal jurisdiction laws.

We also advocate for implementing international criminal law to prevent future atrocity crimes, combat impunity and hold indi-viduals to account. Under our Jesuits Massacre Documentation Project (JMDP), Professor Patty Blum manages an ever-growing database of documents related to the November 1989 Salva-doran military massacre of six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper and her daughter. The JMDP provides critical documentary support for litigation and efforts to bolster the historical record for El Salvador.

The Holocaust Remembrance and Justice Project continues its pioneering work. Our role is to preserve memory, further under-standing, seek justice and train the next generation of lawyers to engage in thoughtful advocacy. Our goal is to live in a world in which “Never Again!” rings true. Recently, the Project hosted a conference called A Thousand Years of Infamy: The History of Blood Libel to bring together legal and literary scholars to discuss blood libel trials and their significance in fueling anti-Semitism.

“When I completed my closing argument and the Immigration Judge said to my client, “Welcome to America,” it was easily the single greatest

moment I had at law school.” – Sam Permutt, Cardozo Class of 2012

LEFT: Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum and Jesuits Massacre Documenation Project interns. ABOVE: Professor Richard Weisberg and Professor Sanford Levinson at A Thousand Years of Infamy: The History of Blood Libel conference.

Youth at a vigil in El Salvador commemorating the Jesuits Massacre of 1989 and demanding justice for the victims.

H O W W E R E B U I L D AP

Photo/Edgar R

omero

We have held 11 conferences & symposia, 29 lectures,

13 panel events, 4 other events, 7 discussions, 1 play, 1 workshop,

2 book signings, 3 film screenings, 1 award ceremony & 2 report launches.

Since 2011 our students have represented 20 asylum seekers from

13 countries. So far, all of our clients with final decisions have succeeded

in receiving asylum. An additional 25 clients have received legal

assistance and advice.

P R O G R E S S R E P O RT

UGANDA • LIBYA • AFGHANISTAN • PAKISTAN • DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

THE NETHERLANDS • DOMINICAN REPUBLIC • KENYA • CAMBODIA • CANADA • TURKEY

ECUADOR • CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC • SOUTH AFRICA • CAMEROON • ERITREA

CÔTE D’IVOIRE • ISRAEL • IRAN • RUSSIA • SUDAN • EGYPT • RWANDA • BURUNDI

BURMA • ETHIOPIA • NIGERIA • BENIN • IRAQ • BOSNIA • COLOMBIA • HAITI

PHILIPPINES • CHINA • DENMARK • GUINEA • CAMEROON • HONDURAS • INDIA

CONGO-BRAZZAVILLE • DENMARK • GRENADA • KAZAKHSTAN • FRANCE • THAILAND

TANZANIA • SOUTH SUDAN • MEXICO • EL SALVADOR • UNITED STATES • CHAD • SYRIA

Illustration © Brian Lee BoyceOUR WORK SPANS THE GLOBE

SHERI P. ROSENBERG

Faculty Director & Associate Clinical Professor of Law

Sheri P. Rosenberg specializes in civil rights and international

human rights, focusing on non-discrimination, equality and

atrocity prevention. She directs CLIHHR’s Human Rights and Atrocity Prevention

Clinic, Early Warning and Response, Citizenship and Statelessness, and Equality

and Nondiscrimination Projects.

RICHARD WEISBERG

Founding Director & Professor of Law

Walter Floersheimer Professor of Constitutional Law

Richard H. Weisberg directs the Holocaust Remembrance and

Justice Project at CLIHHR. He has helped to litigate successfully in American

federal courts on behalf of Holocaust survivors.

TERESA WOODS

Associate Director, Refugee Representation Project

& Lecturer in Clinical Law

Teresa Woods supervises the Human Rights and Atrocity

Prevention Clinic’s asylum cases and lectures on Refugee Law. She

founded and co-directs the Pro Bono International Advocacy Project.

JOCELYN GETGEN KESTENBAUM

Telford Taylor Fellow & Lecturer in Clinical Law

Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum directs the Accountability and Justice

and Criminalizing the Illegal Use of Armed Force Projects, and

co-directs the Pro Bono International Advocacy Project. Her scholarship and

advocacy focuses on international human rights, public health, development,

gender justice and transitional justice.

GABOR RONA

Visiting Professor of Law

Gabor Rona directs CLIHHR’s Law and Armed Conflict Project.

He teaches international human rights and humanitarian law.

Previously, he served as International Legal Director of Human Rights First and

Legal Advisor of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

CAROLYN PATTY BLUM

Visiting Clinical Professor of Law

Patty Blum directs CLIHHR’s Jesuits Massacre Documentation

Project. She is Clinical Professor of Law Emerita at Berkeley,

Visiting Fellow at Kellogg College, University of Oxford, and Senior Legal Adviser to

the Center for Justice and Accountability. She has worked on cases seeking justice

and accountability for torture, massacres, extra-judicial killings, and asylum

seekers.

ERIC ALEXANDER FREEDMAN

Visiting Professor of Law

Eric Freedman is CLIHHR’s European Advisor. Since 2001, he

has served as banking research consultant to the Wiesenthal

Center Europe, attached to the French Commission on Holocaust-era spoliation

indemnification.

HEIDI ANDREA RESTREPO RHODES

Research Specialist, Jesuits Massacre Documentation Project

Heidi Andrea Restrepo Rhodes is Research Specialist of the Jesuits

Massacre Documentation Project. She has her M.A. in social

justice-based anthropology and her research focuses on issues of state violence. She is

committed to social documentation, historical memory and justice.

ANGGLELIA SUTJIPTO

Projects Coordinator

Angglelia (Angel) Sutjipto joined CLIHHR in 2013 as Projects

Coordinator. She graduated from the CUNY Baccalaureate for

Unique and Interdisciplinary Studies (CUNY BA), specializing in Genocide Studies.

ASSOCIATED FACULTY

DR. BARBARA EISOLD

Professor of Psychology

Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University

Barbara Eisold is a trained psychotherapist who collaborates on

Refugee Representation Project asylum cases and guest lectures in the Human

Rights and Atrocity Prevention Clinic. She conducts pro bono psychological

evaluations for asylum seekers.

MALVINA HALBERSTAM

Professor of Law

A founding Cardozo faculty member, Malvina Halberstam teaches

International Law and National Security and Terrorism. She clerked

for Judge Palmieri, served as Assistant District Attorney, reported for the American Law

Institute, and counseled on international law for the U.S. Department of State.

DEBORAH PEARLSTEIN

Associate Professor of Law

Deborah Pearlstein joined Cardozo in 2011 following her tenure in

the Law and Public Affairs Program at the Woodrow Wilson School

for Public and International Affairs at Princeton. Her research focuses on national

security law and the separation of powers.

MONROE PRICE

Director, Howard M. Squadron Program in Law, Media and

Society & Joseph and Sadie Danciger Professor of Law

Dean Price was dean of Cardozo from 1982 to 1991. He clerked

for US Supreme Court Associate Justice Potter Stewart, and was an assistant to

Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz. He founded and directed the Program in

Comparative Media Law and Policy at Wolfson College, Oxford; was a social

science faculty member at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton; directed

the Stanhope Center for Communications Policy Research; and chaired the Center

for Media and Communications, Central European University.

MICHEL ROSENFELD

Justice Sydney L. Robins Professor of Human Rights

Director, Program on Global and Comparative Constitutional Theory

Michel Rosenfeld is a comparative constitutional law scholar. He is

affiliated with New School University, U.S. Association of Constitutional Law founding

member, International Journal of Constitutional Law co-editor-in-chief, and was

International Association of Constitutional Law president. He received France’s 2004

Legion of Honor award.

DAVID RUDENSTINE

Sheldon H. Solow Professor of Law

Dean Rudenstine served as dean of Cardozo from 2001-2009. He

has authored several books, including The Day the Presses

Stopped: A History of the Pentagon Papers Case. Prior to joining Cardozo, he was

project director, associate director, and acting executive director of the New York

Civil Liberties Union.

JULIE C. SUK

Professor of Law

Julie Suk is a leading comparative equality law scholar. Her research

develops transnational perspectives on antidiscrimination law theory

and practice. She lectures in the U.S. and Europe, and taught at Harvard, University of

Chicago, and UCLA Law Schools.

EKOW N. YANKAH

Professor of Law

Ekow Yankah is an analytical jurisprudence, criminal law, and

political theory scholar. He has been recognized as one of the Top 50

influential Law Professors under 50. He serves on the Innocence Project’s and

American Constitution Society’s (ACS) New York Chapter’s Executive Boards.

L E A D E R S H I P FAC U LT Y S TA F F

We gratefully acknowledge and appreciate the generous support that makes our work possible. Thank You.

FRENKEL FAMILY FOUNDATION • JPB FOUNDATION • NATHAN CUMMINGS FOUNDATION

STATUE FOUNDATION • TIDES FOUNDATION • HUMANITY UNITED • AUSTRALIA R2P FUND

ANONYMOUS FUND • THE DAVID BERG FOUNDATION • SILICON VALLEY COMMUNITY FOUNDATION

LOUISE & ARDE BULOVA FUND • THE ESHE FUND • MARGOT ROSENBERG PULITZER FOUNDATION

THE LAW & HUMANITIES INSTITUTE • INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF GENOCIDE • FRED SCHWARTZ

THE CONSULATE GENERAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND • BEN FERENCZ • ELIZABETH GREIF

2015 marks our 10-year anniversary. After a decade of success, we are expanding our capacity to meet current

and future challenges. To make your gift or pledge in any amount, please contact CLIHHR Faculty Director

Sheri P. Rosenberg at 212-790-0455 or email cardozo.clihhr@yu.edu for contribution information.

CLIHHR Brochure Creative Direction and Design By Brian Lee Boyce For Small Victory Press, Inc. www.SmallVictoryPress.com

O U R S U P P O RT E R S

“Appreciating the dark lessons of history

without being responsive to the future world violates the memory of the past.

Thus, with profound compassion for the victims of genocide

and other mass atrocities we pursue our work with scholarly rigor,

passion and commitment.”

– Sheri P. Rosenberg, CLIHHR Faculty Director and Associate Clinical Professor of Law

Trying to Remember the Color of the Sky on That September Morning, Spencer Finch (American, b. 1962)Quotation from Virgil’s Aeneid, forged from remnant World Trade Center steel, Tom Joyce (American, b. 1956)

TO MAKE YOUR GIFT OR PLEDGE

Photograph by Jin Lee, C

ourtesy 9/11 Mem

orial Museum

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