Canadian gardening 2009 Fall

PLANT DRAMATIC, HARDY SPECIES TULIPS THIS AUTUMN SEE PAGE 18

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In every Issue 4 editor's letter 5 snapshots 74 coming up 77 source guide

clippings 11 news

The latest news, tips, ideas and more

14 mindful gardener Easy ways to green the Earth

16 hort couture Pamper garden-weary hands with a DIY manicure

18 star plant Species tulips: Quirky and dramatic, lhey unly Ileetingly resemble modern garden variet ies

24 notes from a gardener Making the grade: Edilor-at-large Stephen Westcotl-Gratlon delivers his annual garden report card

how-to 26 techniques

Making new plants from root cullings: Enjoy more of your favourile specimens with liltle efforl (and no cost!)

30 design matters Holding courl: Slruggling foundation plants and visible mechanics don't do justice to this atl raclive bungalow

34 container guru Window dressing: Craft your own fall arrangement lo capture the spirit of the season

grassroots 66 transCanada

Our correspondenls reporl un their regions

76 insider Tak ing care of husiness: A look beyond the pages of seed catalogues into their journey to you r mailhox

82 groundswell Experts share their go-to sources for trusled garden ing advice

on our cover~ Glorious fall colour I in a city retreat.

Story, page 38, Photograph by Virginia Macdonald :

styling by I Ann Marie Favot ~

canad iangarden i ng.com

(cOIOI (BIOI § gardens

38 A Colourful Finale Careful plantings in this urban retreat bu ild all year to a pinnacle of autumn shades that both stirs and soothes the senses

46 Prairie Palette The Sizzling shades of fall foliage se l the stage for the star performers of this Saskatoon garden to really shine

52 Hidden Assets An inner-cily plol masquerades as a sophisticaled verda nt oasis

growing 58 True Colours

From glossy leaves to vibrant sta 1 ks, Swiss chard is a rainbow of great-tasting goodness



I 'Ballawl,Y' e lephant car Maiden grass

If I could grow anything in my garden this fall, it would be a combination of my favourite Miscanthus, maiden grass, and the striking (and colourful) 'Ballawley' elephant ear.

4 . canadiangardening.com

ALMOST A DECADE AGO, I was standing in the elegan t

Prince Edward County, Ontario, garden of my stepmother,

Susan Richardson, marvelling at the celebration of texture

as tall feathery plumes ofhlourning maiden grass (Miscan·

thus sillen .~js 'Gracil l imus') waved in the eve n ing light. " II

never forget it. Soaring above her other plantings, the impres

sive maiden grass was exactly the lype of clement I love to

see in gardens. Strong, uynamic, even dumina ting, it is

structured without bei ng formal. Better sti 11, maiden grass

keeps its good looks all winter. There's no plant-except

mayue the startlingly spare seeclheads on the spent stalks

of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)-that looks

quite as magical when covered in hoarfrost.

Maiden grass is massive-grow ing up to 1.3 metres in the

right conditions. Saclly, my 3D-centimetre by 4.8-metre dimin

utive garden plot (no exaggeration!) is not an ideal spot

for my giant beau. Though I know there are many sma ller

options that coulcl work in my garden-'Red Rooster' sedge

(Corex 'Red Rooster') and Baby lUt umbrella grass (Cyperus

involucratus ·Nanus·), for example-my hearl longs for

maiden grass. And si nce this is the colour issue, I will a lso

share with you that in my botanical fantasy, as leggy Mis

cOIl/hus reaches its full height, the magnificent palm-sized

leaves of a few 'Ba llawley' elephant car (Bergenia 'Ballaw

ley') specimens planted at its base will turn their particular

shade of sl riki ng lipst ick red for con I rast. For a sense of it,

turn to gardener Kevin O'Neill 's efforts-also nole his use

of zebra grass (Misconthus sinensis 'Zebrinus')-i n our story

"A Colourful Fin a le," beginning on page 38,

As luck would have it, I can plant Bflrgflnia late this season

and glory in its garnet beauty next autumn. Unfortunately,

the maiden grass will have to wait another year. Perh aps

I'll break ranks with my neighbours and plant it on my

front terrace. Among the clipped boxwoods o n my mid

town Toronto st reet, my Miscall/hus w ill stand in a proud,

flour ishing cluster-a breed apart, just as I like it.

Erin McLaughlin, editor-in-chief



I

Fall Flavourl You've just picked a bushel of apples.

Now, what are you going to make with these delicious pickings? J

VIRGINIA MACDONALD

I'd definitely make an apple crumble! But I would also photograph

photographer the apples on Turn to page

38, and see

how Vi rginia

gracefully cap

tures fall at

its best in a

Toronto garden.

the trees, keep snapping while baking the crumble, and then shoot the crumble itself, all golden brown and juicy with a scoop of ice cream. Yes, this makes me appreciate and love fall.

snapshots

flORENCE KWOK

If I have lois of apples. I'll make applesauce. Recently I took a French cooking class where we learned to make chunky applesauce-from scratch! It's actually very easy to do and can be stored in the freezer for a long time. The sauce

assistant art director

Look for Florence's

unique artistic

touches dappled

throughout.

can be used for both sweet and savou ry dishes. I've added it to braised pork and it was excellen t ~

I know summer is over when I look outside and admire the crisp blue of the fall sky- its intensity and clarity is invigorating. It's also a signal to start baking. I love to bake. I'll make pie, crumble, crumble, pie and more crumble (crunching on apples as I go)~ ::

CYBELE YOUNG illustratur Creativity abounds

for Cybele. Take

nole of her work

in " Noles from

a Gardener"

on page 24.

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VOLUME 20 NO.7 FALL 2009

EOITOR·iN·CHIEF Eri II McLaughlin EXECUTIVE EOITOII Suzanne Mouli. I ART OIRECTOli jo""phine Woe rl man

SENIOR EO ITOII Deonoo Dor ily ASSISTAN T EDITOR Karina Le iman i ,

ASS ISTANT ART DIREC TOR F loronce Kwok

EDITOII·AT·LARGE Slevlle" \\"e,IOOI{-Gral{oo HOIITICULTURAL EO ITOII An n e Marie Van I\esl

CONTRIBUT ING EOITORS Tina Forrasler. Cbrislina Selby REGIONAL CORR[sPONOENTS A li son Beel. David lIobso".

l.orry Hod s""n . M ic hael La .celio . Sandra Phinney

PRODUCTION ~ANAGER. SHARED ~ROOUCTION CENTRE Mari. Mende,

COLOUR SPECIALIST Ken Ke lfotd I PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Sam Leung

PUBLISHER Deboroh Trepanier

ADVERTISING VlCE·PR"IO£NT. "LES. CON'UMER PlJBLOCATlONS ' "0 E'STE~N u.s. SALES Caroline Medwell

'O'ERn~ I NC SALE' D'RECTDR jul io Wig.gins

AO'[RTI~ I NC SALU "ANAe[ R~ IWest) Kuvin McJ:: ..... an (Eas!) Suzanne Tremb lay

N'TION AL ACCOY~' "AN'GERS David Lawrence. La u ro Qu.eD (M ontr • • 1) lulie Cou rehe.ne IQu.~ed Steph,no (lionno (C lossolied.) Tuoy Luri"

DIRECT RE'PON'E Kath(ocD lri.h

KEY 'CCOUN""H'GERS Jessica Seolt. Gayle Ta guchi

KEY ACCOUNT ASSOC,.TE

Tonya COW.D

360· SOWT'ONS ACCOUNT O,RECTORS ConDie Cumer. KenDelh Machlum (M ontr • • 1) p.lricia Chiloa uneuf

.DvERTlSlNG' TR .... C Coo"O INATOR Yvunno Ped en

PROMOTIONS 'I>O"OT'O~S "A/I. GU Jud i Pruu l"

CRE ..... DIREC'OR Linda Sle~hcn .... o

AR' DIRECTO"' Sus.n Jockso". 1).n Ki,hehuk. Peter ~...oort .... n

ONLINE SENI"" .'C. PRES"l£N' ''EW ... 0 .. '~O D,G"AL SOWT'O"S Go'tOY'

)uhn Clintun

VICE.PRE~"l£N'. nH:ITAL .. ED .. Zuu bal.e SeH"t

W[D PRDnUCI "A~AeER Ansu, J{u~in .... n

" .. EDITOR Ta r. Nul.n

,,'£0 EOITO.IAL USISToHT Jennifer Murray

INT£"N Jessica Lewi.

O"'.'''ONS ... NAC • • Juh n "uij)C"

HOllIE & G.RDEH ... ES .. ASUR Wilham Tu lly

WE.,.AS .... ON<lUSH .. ED" Dm itry Ileniaminuv

G.,PH'C DOSH:,."R A lcundra lshigoH

""OJOCT SpEc,.uST Caruline Lee

SAlU O''''''lATlON ' '''Ct'''S' lJuminilMajka

NATIONAl SALES ("RECTOR. OtGn' L "EO" Ken McMill oo

S"£$ " ANACER. ClOC'TAl"'"'' f.melio ~runOl

H.TlONAL SALES MANAGERS Ch.rleno ColwiH . C("ude M oreb"nd. Vit sio ia Mills

SUPERVISM. ADVERTlSI .. C O.EU'>ONS Li .... o hone,,"u !

CIRCULATION DIRECTOR. H .... "UND 1'"1 Str>nSis

HUO""AL DISTR IBUTION "'HA"". HernioMenehiso

CONSUMER "A."ElI"""AHA""R II Ui COSI'

CONSU .. E. PRO"",,TlOH ' '''C''L''' A m . n da Siune

F(NANCE GENER.L O", •• "OHS ' .. N.GO Li.c P. u (·Hu.

8USI"US " . N'GER ""ncy IIsler

ASSOC"'E 6U~ 'NU~ " A" ACERS Ansel P"Jociu •• Vincent Cbeung

CONT.OlLER Marilyn Kielly

MARKET(NG DIROCTO •• CONSu .. E. ,"SlGttU ~ .. A.K .. RESUACH Kennelh ~I 'eh(um

DI.OC'"". CO .... UN'C.TIOHS .ND PROOOOTIOHS Avra Gulden!>l.tt

COIII"uH IC.1I0NS '"0 PR<IMOllONS SPECOOUSTS lani. Dav id,on I're,.id . Sleph.nio "us

COIII .. UH lc.nON' '"0 PR<I .. m'ONS C"""O INATOR C .. Ho MeGh.,.

--------'l!inscontinental --------TRANSCONTINENTAL MEDIA PREStDEN T Natolio La riviere

SE .. IOR VICE·PRESIDENT BUSINESS&. CONSUMER SOLutiONS GROUP Pierre Marcoux VICE·PREStDENT &. GROUP PUBLISHER. ENGLISH CANAOA J.~queline HOI ... e

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CA .. ADIAH "ARDENI .. G (ISON 0047-3463)" po,.toh>hed "''''" ,I<ne>. )"ar (WHO!. Ann LlO!. AD<iI. May. Ju ne. SummO!. fait) bI' T" n.croo_ .. edia G.P., 25 Sh<ppa,d A·", 1'1 .• SJOe 100. ""~n". ON M2N 6S7. 1010""""," 41G-73J·76OCl. P",:age poid a' ~"""'uga. Onto I'riot<-d ., ~. C2OO9 c.~n GM~"'",i"lino . .... riIt<' r ..... ~ . •• ""odOClioo r"'l'JO<" must be modo '" COPIBEC (poP« .. "odo.xtioo,). BOI).71 7·20ZI 0< Cm~OM·SNi INctrooic ""ocILJction,). BOI).563-5665. S<J~"" """' $24 .91; lor roo)ONr (......., iHuoo) ~ GST. U.S. ,"b>aitJots_ $15 p«_. fo<.;.n~:rdd $4500< \U'. s;~ pOC' $4 .% SMd.....".. _ ... .00 oi1e-q .. 0<""",,",0<<10<0<>

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Advertorial

a

all about corn Nothing signals summer more in Canada tha n

corn on the cob! This yummy vegetable is a

low-fat complex carbohydrate (one ear is

about 60 calories). A source of phosphorus and

magnesium, it also contai ns modest levels of

fo late and fibre. Delicious and nutritious, here

are t ips for w hen you're serving corn:

• Idea lly, the best tasting corn is p icked the

morning you buy it. Most supermarkets and

markets post this information, or just ask!

• Look for corn husks that are tig ht and green

w ith moist, soft sil k that is light golden.

• Refrigerate sweet corn unt il you're ready to

start cooking. This helps to delay the natu ral

conversion of the suga r in the kernels to sta rch.

TM

or rea Food is one of the greatest pleasures in life ...

and now is the time to celebrate all the

fresh flavours of summer! Eating real, local,

Canadian foods is all about taste and getting

as many nutrients into your diet as possible.

buying loca lly grown Cooking local means that you are putt ing fresh, nutritious and

great-tasting food on your table. It's easier than you thin k.

• Plan your fam ily's menus around the harvest and the availabi lity

of produce.

• Be flexible when shopping - if the farm-fresh fruit or vegetable isn't

o n your shopping list buy it because it's available now.

• Shop at g rocery stores and markets that sell local produce. Look

for"local"or "fresh from the farm" signage in the produce section.

• Always buy the freshest, most loca l foods available.

• Plan on eating the fresh produce in the next day or so but remember

that some fruits and vegetables ca n be frozen and enjoyed later as well.

You can fi nd more informat ion at www.eatrea leatlocal.ca .

" Trade-mark CM'I1ed or used under license by Un i~ u mada, T(;O'OOI0, Ontario IMW 3R2

Hellmann's· makes it right Hellmann's· Rea l

Mayonnaise supports

loca l, Canad ian food.

True to th is commitment,

it uses locally sourced

ingredients for its products,

like eggs from Canad ian

egg farmers and canola oi l

from t he Prai ries.

To lea rn more about the Real Food Movement, and how to get more local foods into your diet, go to www.eatrealeatlocal.ca



Cook for real Combine Hellmann's· Rea l Mayonnaise with m inced ja lapeno

pepper and fresh coriander for a spicy spread that tastes delicious on

fresh-from-the-field corn! We've also included all the how-to cooking

informat ion to grill, boil, steam or microwave corn pe rfectly!

'. • ,

Spicy Mayo Corn on the Cob INGREDIENTS: 1/4 cup (50 ml) Hellmann's· Real Mayonnaise 1 tbsp (15 mL) each minced jalapeno pepper and fresh coriander 4 local cooked cobs of corn 1 tbsp (15 ml) grated Parmesan or Romano cheese

PREPARATION: Spicy Mayo: In small bowl, whisk together Hellmann's· Real Mayonnaise, jalapeno pepper and coriander; spread on corn. Sprinkle with cheese. Makes 4 servings_

Cooking Corn: GRILL: Brush w ith 1 tbsp (1S mL) vegetable oil. Place on greased grill over med ium-high heat; close lid and grill, turning frequent ly, until lightly grill marked, 10 to 15 minutes.

BOIL: Bring !Xlt of water to boil; add corn, cover and cook until tender, 8 to 10 minutes.

STEAM: Pour enough water into saucepan to come 1 inch (25 cm) up side; bring to boil. Place corn on rack above water and cover t ightly; cook until tender, 11 to 13 minutes.

MICROWAVE: Place in lO-inch (25 crn) microwaveable dish; cover and microwave on High until tender, 8 to 10 minutes, Let stand, covered, for 5 minutes before serving.

Per serving: about 259 cal,S g pro, 15 g total fa t (2 9 sat. fat), 30 9 carb, 5 g fibre, 6 mg chol. 118 mg sodium, 308 mg potaSSium. % RDI: 2% calcium, 6% iron, 3% vit A. 15% vit C. 26% folate,

Grown-in-Canada Fruit & Vegetable Availability Guide

./= in season ./- peak season

FRUIT JFMAMJJASOND

Applfl

Apricou

BluRerrifs

Cantaloupe

Chtrrlu

Cranburiel

Glapu

Mectarlnes

Peach

Plums

Raspburles

Rhllbilb, field and G,eenhouH

Strawberries

WatUmflon

./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ .I .I .I

.' .'

.' .' .'

.' .' .' .' .'

.' .' .'

.' .' .'

.' .'

.' .' .' .I .I .I .I .I .I

./ ./ ./ .I

.' .' .'

VEGETABleS JFMAMJJASOND

Asparagus

Buns

'Hti

B,o«oli

Brussels Sprouts

Cabbage Carrots

Cauliflower

Celery (oln, Sweet

(hicory (Curfy Endive)

CurumlHor(Fitld)

Cu<umbft, Greenhouse

E!!lIplant

Escalole

Flddleheads

Galik

CH"

Ltttu<e. Hud

Ltttu<e. Luf

Mushrooms

Onions, Green

Onion<, Cooking

Pa"nip' Peas. Rf!lular

Peas. Snow

Peppe" Potatou, New

Potatou, StOOlie

Pump.'n

Radishfl

Ruubaga Spl .... ch

Squaoh

Tomat .... l. Field

Tomat .... s. GreenhouH

Turnip Zucchini

.I .I .I .I

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tZ For Hellmann's· ®,. -a ;;t tffffff1ffffI Real Food Recipes, go to "HU Rt.. a- www.eatrealeatlocal.ca ~!.9.~ ..... ~~RAlJ or www.hellmanns.ca

.-:-







clippings NEWS

ON THE MARKET

mudROOM It is possible to leave dirt at the door this fall. These classic, stylish accessories will help keep the season's mud and wet leaves from your clean floors, letting you putter about the garden care· free long after the first snow flies.

Coir BOOT BRUSH ,

$22.50, Lee Valley Tools

• Ont

' ,j Sm,II ifGllrdtD

7~ " -.. ---

armchair GARDENER - Stephen Westcott-Gratton

o ONE SMAll GARDEN by Barbara Nichol,

Tundra Books. $14.99 A charming collection of diary-like entries about the author's lOO-year-old garden in Cabbagetown, Toronto, that covers topiCS

as diverse as ants, tulips, tree experts and trespassers in a delightful prose that's botanically sound.

Although the text is aimed primarily at children aged

12 · canad l3ngarden ing.com

nine to 12, adult gardeners will also find much to reflect on in its spare but elegant paragraphs.

o THE NORTH AMERICAN GUIDE TO COMMON POISONOUS PLANTS ANO MUSHROOMS by Nancy J. Turner & Patrick von Aderkas, Timber Press, $39.95 Written by two University of Victoria professors, this easy-to-understand volume should be on every gardener's bookshelf. Divided into fou r sections (mushrooms, wild plants, garden plants and houseplants), the text is supported by great photos.

Readers will learn why it isn't a good idea to eat the honey made from rhododendron nectar, and may think twice before decking their halls with boughs of holly and ivy this year- both are poisonous (but poinsettias aren't).

Classic High Fern BOOTS

in Sha le/ Blue, $130,

Brass Beetle BOOTJACK ,

$39.50, Lee Valley Tools

NOTABLE PLANT

'October Glory' red maple

Shag bold stripe indoor/ outdoor DOORMAT in Camouflage, $45, Chilewich

Gauntlet Ruby Rose GLOVES,

$38, West County Gardener

DRYWALKERS

boot slippers, $29.80, Lee Valley Tools

Acer rubrum 'October Glory'

BENEFITS looking for a tree with great fall colour that won't make your allergies go into overdrive come spring? Completely pollen-free, 'October Glory' is one of several female red maple cultivars identified as the least likely to trigger allergies. Tom Ogren , who has a master of science in agriculture and studies the connection between plants and allergies, adds, "Because of its extensive bloom of female flowers, 'October Glory' is not only pollen- and allergy-free, it's also a very effective large pollen trap. A big 'October Glory' will catch pollen from local male red maple trees and turn it into seed." SIZE 16 m (h), 11 m (w) ZONE 4 CULTIVATION Prefers slightly acidic, moist soil -Lorraine Flanigan SOURCE GUIDE, PAGE 77

FAll 2009



Bring the rainforest to your yord.



clippings MINDFUL GARDENER

Mindful Gardener celebrates and supports the progress and ~f<-

efforts of environmentally

$ conscious businesses eco wise

eco-SUPPORT Tired of using plastic twist-ties to support your plants?

Instead, try Japanese Paper Ties made from 100 per cent

unbleached, recycled paper. Th is handy roll of paper allows you to cut each tie to the desired length. The ties will not bruise or damage your plants and are completely

biodegradable. Suitable for indoor or outdoor use.

PAPER TIES , $4.95, Lee Valley Tools

sweet TREAT Trying to avoid sugar and artificial

sweeteners, but finding it hard to find a convenient alternative? Honibe

Honey Drops are the perfect solution. Simply add a Honey Drop to your tea or coffee without the muss and

fuss of honey from a jar. All natural, 100 per cent dried PEL honey is conveniently packed and ready to use.

HONEY DROPS, starting at $8.99 for box of 20, Hon ibe

LARA BAR

LARABAR

LARABAR

green SNACKS It's harvest time, but if you aren't into baking, these bars are fabulous

healthy substitutes to homemade pie. Made with natural ingredients, Uirabar is a snack worth packing in your next lunch or bringing on your next nature walk.

APPLE PIE, PECAN PIE AN D CHERRY PIE, $2 .29 each, Ul rabar SOURCE GUIDE, PAGE 71

/lvr I1Ivr(l8r1,'I)lllips. gv Iv conodiansard(lnins.cQmlecv/ril.",O

>

~ • I • l , 1 ! • ~





clippings HORT COUTURE

The Gardener's ",0 Naturally Foaming Clay SOAP, $17.50, Lee Valley Tools

Hand Relief HAND LOTION ,

$30, Aveda ·

handiwork At the end of a tough gardening season,

pamper your hands with a do-it-yourself manicure. Our choice products include formaldehyde-, toluene- and

DPB-free nail polish, a reusable glass nail file and scrubs, salves and creams with natural ingredients.

-,~

\. Quo SCISSORS ,

$8.99, Shoppers Drug Mart

Jurlique Rose HAND CREAM , $60, Pistachio

Gardener's HAND SCRUB , $6, Upper Canada Soap Company

Butter london Horse Power NAil FERTILIZER ,

$23 , Pistachio



CANADIAN BREAST CANCER

fOUNDATION' rONDATION CANADI£NNE OU

CANCER OU SElN"

C5npai REVLON



clippings STAR PLANT

F rcquclltly a nd regrellably overlooked by spring Imlll enthu sias ts arc the distinctive, little species tulips; cven tulip taxonomists place species flowe rs in "Di vi

sion "15"-a catchall for misfits that don't conform to (lilY of th e first 14 categories.

Essentially wilt!nuwcrs that require minimal can:. species (or ooln Il iea I) Iu I ips arc less susceptible to pests and disea se lhan arc the majority of modern cultivars . Most of these naturallypcs will increase slowly if they're given the same

18 · canadlangardening.com

i

I FALL 2009



(

One style does not fit all.

For a free sample call 1-888-747-7243 toll free or vis it www.TENA.ca f<>llr>o:i In .............. _ cono,oI~ ... _.~ _dod", -.. _ «I<IItolptobOoms.

TUI .... Io.twgIst_lt_oISCA~_~

THE evolution OF

bladder protection



STAR PLANT

cunditiuns lhat they enjoy in the wilJ: goutl urai nage; hut, dry summers; and cold winters.

Different species bloom at different limes, from early spring (dwarf rosy-purple and Leatherbulb tulips) to late spring or even early summer (horned and Candia tulips); all are reliably hardy Lo Zune 4 (or Zone 3 with excellent drai nage and a dry w inter mulch of evergreen boughs, pille

need les or coarse leaves). The bulbs of species tulips are small: one-third to one

half as large as modern cu ltivars, and their fl owers look best when planted in groups of 12 or more.

L

Group species tulips together with other spring flowers that will extend the season of bloom

KARA TAU

ALLIU M (Allium karataviensel

ZONE 4

WINDFLOWER (Anemone

blanda and cvs.)

ZONE 4

LUNGWORT ( Pulmonaria

spp. and cvs .) ZONE 4

OLD PHEASANT'S EYE (Narcissus

poeticus var. recurvus) ZONE 3

EARLY BULBOUS

IRIS (Iris reticulata and cvs.) ZONE 4

20 · canad iangardening,com FAll 2009



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STAR PLANT

• In fall, plant bulbs in rich , well-drained soil six

centimetres apart, 10 centimetres deep (rule of

thumb: three times the height of the bulb).

• Deter pesky wildlife by

enriching the soil with

bone- and/or bloodmeal (follow package directions).

• Cut off stems after flowering to prevent plants from seeding.

• Pull out leaves with a sharp tug once they have turned completely yellow.

• Discard any plants that display streaky, blotched or discoloured leaves due to virus; do not compost.

EIG~~ GREA~ ~PFr.IF~ T:lLlPS FnR I • lI,N GARDE'IS name I height (em) I description I comments

HORNED TULIP

(TulljJa acuminata)

LADY TULIP (r c/u$lima)

DWARF RQSY

PURPLE TULIP (T.

humilis var. pulchella syn. T. pulchella)

MARJOLLET TULIP

(T. marjol/etii)

lEATHERBULB TULIP (T. praestans)

'LILAC WONDER'

CANDIA TULIP

(T. saxatilis [Bakeri

Group] 'Lilac Wonder')

LATE TULIP (T. tarda)

TURKESTAN TULIP (T. turkestanica)

40-50

30-45

15-30

40-45

20-35

20-25

10-15

20-25

Glaucous, wavy leaves; soli tary flowers have lO-cm-long spidery, pale red or yellow, pointed tepals *

Glaucous leaves; one to two star-shaped flowers per stem, up to 10 em across, white with dark pink to crimson striped outer tepals

Thin, glaucous leaves; one to three star-shaped, rose-mauve or purple flowers per stem, up to 8 em across

Upright grey-green leaves; soli tary 12-cm-wide flowers are creamy white wi th dark pink margins

Downy, grey-green leaves; four to five bowl-shaped orange-red flowers per stem, up to 12 cm across

Shiny, bright green leaves; one to four star-shaped, pink to lilac flowers wi th yellow centres per stem, up to 8 em across

Bright green recurved leaves; one to six star-shaped, white flowers wi th yellow centres per stem, up to 6 em across

Blooms mid- to late spring. No known wild populations

Blooms in mid-spring; will naturalize if left undisturbed. Native from Iran to Tibet

Blooms in early spring. Native to Turkey and northern Iran

Blooms in mid-spring. Native to southeast France

Blooms in early spring. Native to Tajikistan and Kazakhstan

Blooms in mid- to late spring; fragrant. Native to Crete; AGM 1995, reconfirmed in 2008

Blooms in mid-spring, often sold erroneously as T. dasystemon. Native to the Tian Shan, its blooms open in succession over a monthhence its epithet ~Iate," or " tardy~

-.~---------

Linear. grey-green leaves; six to 12 starshaped white flowers wi th greyish purple blotches per stem, up to 5 em across

Blooms in mid-spring; malodorous flowers. Native to the Tian Shan; AGM 1993, reconfirmed 2008

* Tulips don't have petals or sepals, but rather "tepals," which are undifferentiated petal-like structures that are fused together at their base.

22 · canad iangardening .com SOURCEGUIOE, PAGE 77



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\ I ) 2 0 0 9

Report Cq rd Cot; ~ A' T~u .... -r ... Af--7<>W."'-. • -",""-'6'«""- A

rnm@~~ITD~ li~~ ~[j@~~ Editor-at-Iarge Stephen Westcott-Gratton ponders his

plants and delivers his annual garden report card

In the world of horticulture, lots

of the small disappointments

are more than compensated for

by myriad small triumphs.

For gardens and gardeners alike, the Day of Reckoning is nigh. [[ 's lime to take stuck of our respective plots, assess our pla nts and

issue a passing or fai l ing grade-w ith a n eye to avoiding simila r blunders next year. Whi le those specimens thai don't pass muster may have already snuffed it, it's useful to remernuer their names.

Furtu nately, my list of non-starlers is short, bUl it cont ains several surprises . Two clumps of zebra g ra ss (Miscall/hus .~illell.~is 'Zebrinus'J growing side by side behaved dramatically di fferently: one failed to emerge at all, while its neighbour grew more robustly than ever. As wd l, a sizable patch of toad I i lies (TTicy rUs birla 'M iyazaki') was nowhere to be fou nd.l fear that an early-albeit brief-autumn freeze a year ago killed several plants that were sti ll in active growth: a blue rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriocus 'Marina') also hi t the Just. I'll have to mull over some alternat ive fa ll-hlooming spec ies to fill in the gaps, or maybe just divide a generous clump of apparently indestructible Japanese anemones (Anemone x hyhrida 'Robusti ssima') instead.

In the "plants that go above and beyond the ca ll of du ty" category are Golden Spirit smokebu sh (Colinlls coggygrio 'Ancot'), whic h continues to soa r, and golden spiderwort (Tradescantia [Andersoniana Group] 'Sweet Kate'), which excels for its clear, bright yellow foliage that never looks tired. Althou gh rm seemi ngly more immune to heucheras than most, the yellow-green foliage of 'Lime Rickey ' always delivers the goods . Honourable mentions for height and grace go to my

24 . canad l3ngarden ing.com

meadow rue (Thalictfllm oquilegiifolium) that topped ou t at 2.5 metres and my delphiniums from the New Mi llennium Series (the secret here is to huy them young, and keep their feet in the shade and their heads in the sun). For length of bloom, any of the red-flowered forms of masterwort (Aslralltia major 'Rubra') are real garden workhorses, lasting for weeks while prov iding much neeJed "airspace" in a c rowdeJ border.

Naturally a certain amount of shopping gets done over the course of the growi ng season, and this year was no exception_ To make way for the newcomers , I cleared away three scrubby, overgrown foundation sh rubs that were past I heir sellby date a nd replaced them with a two-mette-high weeping Nootka falsecypress (Chamaecy paris noolkalensis 'Pendula'), a tree I've lusted after for ages . I gather, however, that its conspicuous ly droopin g habit doesn't suit every taste: a neighbour recently sympathized, ~ It got sick, huhT'

I've also wanted a corkscrew hazd (CorY/lis OI'ellana 'Contorta') for a long time, but I'm glad I waited, since th is spring saw the wide release of a stable red-leaved cu ltivar Cil lIed 'Red Majesti c' that adds yet another dimension to Ihis mad Iy-off-i n-a II-d i rect ions arch itectu ra I sh rub, And fina lly, I hought Oil impulse a borderline hardy 'Waterfall' Japanese maple (Acer palmalum var. disseclum '\Naterfall '), which may turn out to be the most expensive "annual"' rve ever purchased. But I don't care-it still merits an A+ on my garden's repor t card. That sort of beaut y can't be measured in dollars and cents. ::

FAll 2009



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Enjoy more of your favourite specimens with little effort (and at no cost!) BY STEPHEN WESTCOTT-GRATTON

M illly plants ca n produce stems (or shoots) from buds on their roots; by taking root cuttings, gardeners can propagate thei r favo urite plants with lill ie effort and

a lot less lime th an uy growing them from seed. The new speci mens will be genetica lly identica l to the parent plan\. a nl! cu lt ings of herbaceous perenn ial s often nower duri ng their first year of growth .

The trick to propagatin g from rool cu l\in gs is to toke the cutt in gs when the parent planl is dormant: either in latu autumn or first thing in spring. \oVoody plant material that is still young enough to handle easily is a lso well su ited \0

this propagation tech nique.

26 . canadiangarder. ing.com Gu 10 canadian8arclcnillg.comltecilniques fur more lwlpful faU huw-O



Seven great issues a year whisk you off to gorgeous gardens across the country and bring you loads of plant information, pro tips, useful techniques and inspiration. Everything you need to know about gardening anywhere in Canada can be found in the lively pages of Canadian Gardening magazine!

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SPRING garden primer

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Canadian Gardening



TECHNIQUES

how to do it: 1. Usi ng a sharp spade or gardell fork , lift the parent plant out orthe soil (cuI back excessive top growth by ha lf for easier handling), Wash the suil from the [ooloall with a

hose to expose the individual roots. 2. With a sha rp k n ife, c ut off the

selected rool pieces as close to the crown as possible (don't take all t he rools of t he parent, though; your sholl ld leave up to ha I f in tact]. As you remove each onc, make a

flat cut, at right angles to the root, across t he lop [a). Next , t rim off

t he other end (the bottom) with a

sloping cut so the length is uelweeil rive and eight cenlimt!lres [b). Remove a ny fibrous lateral roots on the cutting. Note: a single root piece can yield several cuttings depending on its size. Just make sure yOll trim each piece so Ihe lop is fl al and Ihe bollom is sloped. 3. Fill 12-to 15-centimetre-ueep pots with moistelleu seeu

starting or houseplant soilless m ix to three ce ntimetres below the rim . Make several holes using a penci l or knitting needle three 10 four cenl imetres apart, a nd insert cutli ngs vertically, mak i ng su re I hey a re right-s ide up; t he top of each culling should be level wilh Ihe soil surface [el. Firm Ihe soil bac k around them and cover with one centi

metre of horticultural sand or fine gravel (e .g., ri nsed aquarium gravel) to provide good aeration for the buds that will develop at the top of Ihe cuttings. 4. Return Ihe parenl plant to ils original hole, if desired;

rep lacement roots will grow once it breaks dormancy. 5. Place pots in a bright, warm area oul of d irec t su nl ighL Wate r minimally 10 avoid rot-just kee p the soil barely

moisl. Within four to six weeks, shoots will begin to appear from the cullings: however, new roots will not have formed yet, so wait another two to Ihree weeks before wateri ng on

a regular basis. 6. Once new plants arc actively growing, place Ihem in a su n ny window, then harden them off for several weeks before planti ng in the ground . ..

28 · canad iangardening.com

C.

Here are some woody plants and perennials suitable for propagation by root cuttings :

Shrubs, trees

and vines

• BOTTLEBRUSH BUCKEYE (Aes-culus parviflora)

Zone 4

• JAPANESE ANGELICA-TREE

(Aralia elata)

Zone 4

• CROSS VINE (Bignonia

capreolata) Zone 6

• TRUMPET VINE (Campsis radicans)

Zone 4 • NORTHERN CATALPA

(Catalpa speciosa)

Zone 4

• FLOWERINGQUINCE ( Chaenomeles spp.) Zone 5

• PANICLED GOLDENRAINTREE

(Koelreuteria paniculata) Zone 6

• BLUE PASSION-FLOWER (Passiflora caerulea) Zone 7

• ROYAL PAULOWNIA (Paulownia tomentosa) Zone 6

• SMOOTH SUMAC (Rhus glabra)

Zone 3

b.

Perennia ls • BEAR'S BREECHES

(Acanthus spinosus Spinosissimus

Group) Zone 5

• ALKANET (Anchusa spp.) Zone 5

• JAPANESE ANEM-ONE (Anemone x

hybrida) Zone 5

• HERON'S BILL (Erodium spp.)

Zones 4 to 8 , depending on spp.

• SEA HOLLY (Eryngium alpinum) Zone 3

• HARDY GERANIUM (Geranium spp.)

Zones 3 to 8,

depending on spp.

• SEA LAVENDER (Limonium latifolium) Zon e 2

• ORIENTAL POppy

(Papaver onentafe)

Zone 3

• GARDEN PHLOX (Phlox paniculata)

Zone 4

• DRUMSTICK PRIMROSE (Primula denticulata) Zone 3

• PASQUE FLOWER (Pulsatilla vulgaris)

Zone 4

• MULLEIN (Verbascum spp. and cultiva rs)

Zones 3 to 8, depending on spp.

FAll 2009



canadiangardening.com

Another outdoor gardening season will soon be coming to a close, but there's still lots of time to take in the wonders of fall gardens and, of course, those breathtaking, multicoloured leaves. Find lots of autumn inspiration at canadiangardening.com

The results are in, and oul of 1,000 responses, we discovered that the majority

of you have problems with your soil (bookmark canadiangardening.com/soil for next year). A close second was a shady yard, while the rest of our readers found the scorching sun, drought or flooding to be a thorn in their sides.

This month, we want to know what you were most proud of in your 2009

garden. Go to canadiangardening.com/polls to cast your vote.

G row your own fall fair-worthy pumpkins and gourds You see them every year in the news-giant, colourful

veggies that could feed a small army. How do they

get so big? We share some insider tips on growing gourds at canadian gardening.com/gourds

Sign up for our newsletter for your chance to

Get the latest gardening news and advice delivered straight to your inbox. Each month, we will do a random draw from all our newsletter subscribers to win a prize. This month, you could win a Tubby, a No-Kink garden hose and a watering can from Garant (approximate retail value, $75).

canadiangardening.com · 29



how-to DESIGN MATTERS

Struggling foundation plants and visible mechanics don't do justice to this attractive bungalow BY JUDITH ADAM

30 · C3nad iangarden ing,com

he lIufr-coloured stonewurk and bright full-sun exposure suggest a Mcd ilcrrancall COll rtyard setling;

courtyard gardens make small houses seem more expansive and welcoming.

A short trellis screen erected under the w indow will establ ish a frame of reference fur the courtyard and hide the foundation pipes, gas meter and air conditioner. A textured concrete patio, meanwhile, wi ll prov ide a floor for an all-season bench, with space for morc c hairs in summer. To create a sense of pri vate space, low shruus (including dogwoods) should be planted in a surrounding bed. A l10ralllfll can be easily

converted to a bubbler foun tain (no water pipe required), powered with an oUldoor exlension cord sna ked heh i nd the screen and concealed among a cluster of potted annuals.

Two compact trees (a limber pine and a Japanese maple) will help to balance the house on ils lot. Meanwhile, with the buff-coloured stone as a backdrop, woody plants with brilliant burgundy and yellow foliage w ill bring lasting interest to the seating area. In winter, the red dogwood twigs and blue-green limber pine branches wi ll be adorned with snow, c reating a picture-perfect cold-season display.

FAl l 2009

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DESIGN MATTERS

the pia LEGEND 0 Full Sun () Part Shade • Full Shade

'BLOODGOOD' JAPANESE MAPLE (Acer palmatum var, atropurpureum 'Bloodgood')

15 m, .... 3 m, 0 () , ZONE 5

SUNSHINE BLUE

CARYOPTERIS (Caryopteris x c/andonensis 'Jason') t .... l m, 0 , ZONE6

BLUE ARCTIC WilLOW

(Salix purpurea 'Nana') 11.2 m, .... 1 m, 0 , ZONE 4

' SUTHERLAND GOLD'

CUTLEAF ELDER (Sambucus racemosa 'Sutherland Gold') t .... 2 m, O () , ZONE 4

'VANDERWOLF'$ PYRAMID'

LIMBER PINE (Pinus flexilis 'Vanderwolf's Pyramid ')

15 m, .... 2 m, 0 , ZONE 3

'GLOWING EMBERS'

HYDRANGEA (Hydrangea macrophylla 'Glowing Embers') J .... l m, 0, ZONE 5

IVORY HALO DOGWOOD (Comus alba 'Bailha lo') 1 .... 1.5 m, 0 () , ZONE 3

'HILLSIDE CREEPER' SCOTCH

PINE (Pinus sylvestris 'Hillside Creeper ') 160 em, .... 2 m, 0, ZONE 3

Woody plants with brilliant burgundy and yellow foliage will bring lasting interest to the seating area

If you have a garden design

problem, send a clear photo and

brief note ( include planting zone)

to Design Matters, Canadian Gardening, 25 Sheppard Avenue

West Suite 100, Toronto, ON

M2N 657, or email mailbox@canadian

garden ing.com. While indiVidual

rep lies are not possible, selected

letters will be answered in this colum n.

32 · canadiangarden lng.com FALL 2009



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how-to CONTAINER

window dressin Craft your own fall arrangement

to capture the spirit of the season BY PAUL ZAMMIT

34. C3Md iangarden ing,com FALL 2009



, Q

~ o o • <

" , • • • o Q , o , , o w Q ,

I nspireu by these black artHicial branches, [ended up c reating this eerie yet elega nt autumn window

box. The effect of the branches rising through the olher plant material enhances the sense of eeriness. Repetition was key Lo the design as well, and achieved hy choosing on ly a few different types of plants with dramatic foliage in a limited colour palette. The ability of these specimens to withstand some degree of fall frost also figured prominently in the selection prucess.

Add your own personal touch by selecting from the vasl range of miniature pumpkins, assorted gourds and small garden ornaments currently available. These can also be varied to reflect seasuna! festivities. Fur example, carefully carve the pumpkins and insert battery-operated tea lights for a spooky display at Halloween.

HOW-TO TIPS • Before planting up the w indow box,

I applied Black Gloss Tremclad Rust Spray Paint to match the artificial branches. Next, I lined it with moistened sheet moss, then added a layer of plastic; small perforations were

made to allow for drainage.

• Four branches were used to create two sets (each pair of branches was tied at its base with floral wire). These sets were positioned at vary

ing heights in the arrangement using different-sized Oasis floral foam.

Each set was inserted into its respective foam and secured in the window box by firmly packin g potting

soil around the foam bases. More potti ng soil was added to fill the balance of the container.

• Next, the live material was added

(before planli ng, waler sped mens in

their original containers). First in we re the spurge , positioned very close to the base of the branches, fo llowed by the flowering cabbage and bug!eweed . Moistened sheet moss was again used lo cover any remain

ing exposed soil. • Finally, the miniature pumpkins were

arranged, carefully (and discreetly) secured with 22-gauge florist wire.

• To keep the container looking fresh, be sure to remove any fadi ng foliage. In late fall, before the ground freezes, remove the perennials (the Black Scallop bugle weed) from the con

tainer and planl inlo the garden lo overwinter; they can be lifted and reused next year. ::

SOURCE GU IDE, PAGE 77

Find fall containor in spiration al canadiangardoning.comlfallcanlaine





"Autumn begins to be inferred By millinery of the cloud, or deeper color in the shawl

That wraps the everlasting hill." -EM ILY DICKINSON, 1830- 1886. FROM COMPLETE POEMS, "THE SINGLE HOUND LXV"









The first bed along the walkway is filled wit h a wild mix of ta 11 ferns, smallleaved azaleas and larger rhododendrons. Here sits a del icate va lance of colvo r, uut O'Neill assures us there is more vibrancy

to come. The aza leas sport jewel-toned blooms in spring, matched almost by the bright rcd hues of t heir leaves in early autumn, The free-form of this bed is kepI in check by a low uoxwoucl hedge. Next is an area a nchored by a large bu rgundy

Japanese maple underplanted w ith Japa

nese pain ted ferns and to ad lilies, an

Asian nat ive with Jlurp!e-and-while orchid-like flowe rs that bloom in fall.

Around the corner, the ,:;g~~~t~x:~:~~~ bronzy crimson [caves of an

hydrangea and the ruby tones of a

leaved redbud {cerc;s.:~::~d:.~;:;:I~~ Pansy') are echoed by the fruit adorning the crauapples laid a nine-metre-long ailce. The alice is

fled by a row of pyramidal yews in

lavender bed just to the left of the path. The fragrant 'Hidcote' English lavender is one of the owners' must-have plants.

A serene enclave is the next element along the path. Lined with massive hostas, astilbcs and ferns, it is here that the

owners sit quietly to fead the paper and

enjoy a cup of coffee. Once the weather tu rns cool , however, the tranquil green calm turns Lo a cresce ndo of autumn coiour, w ith witch-hazel and birch crupt

ing in electric yellow to m ix with the

vibrant fed of Japanese maple and eUDny

mous. The oakleaf and rnophcad hydrangeas lend morc subdued lones with their creamy wh ite nowers uecoming a so ft pink, and the foliage changing to bronzy red and soft yellow. respectively. This bold symphony of colour is punctuated by sensational red elephant ear (Bergenia

spp.lleaves. rusi-colou red sedu m nowers and bright blue globe thistles.

At the terrace next to the house lies the g rand finale. Where O'Ne ill uses trees, shrubs and perennials to add colour to the rest of the garden , here he turns to the most common of fall annuals. chry,

santhemums. Despite ve ins used as is in the t ..... o large formal beds and in multiple containers along the terrace-massed in a mad jumble of colours- the effect is not common at all. It is an irresistible dis

play of botanical fireworks to be enjoyed well into the start of wi nter.



perennials

[IJ 'ANGELINA' SEDUM {Sedum rupestre 'Angelina') Gold foliage turns reddish in the fall. Prefers well-drained soil and full sun; spreads well. Great in containers. Zone 4 1 Colour: yellow/red

[2] AUTUMN JOY SEDUM

(Sedum [Herbstfreude Group] 'Herbstfreude') Glaucous foliage and auburn flowers until frost. Can become floppy; a more compact cultivar is 'Autumn Fire', Prefers well-drained soil and full sun; great cut flower. Zone 31 Colour: red

[3) PURPLE CONEFLOWER

(Echinacea purpurea) Pink

foliage that turns bright red and occasionally yellow; prefers growing in moist, welldrained soil in full to part sun. Zone 41 Colour: red

[ 7) TOAD LILY (Tn'cyrtis formosanaJ This shade lover displays blooms that resemble purple-and-while orchid flowers from summer to early fall. Likes rich, welldrained soil in part or deep shade. Zone 61 Colour: purple und white

[8] GERANIUM (Geranium spp. and cvs.) Adapted to a wide range of conditions, only some species colour well in fall , like the bloody cranesbill (G. sanguineum); prefers rich, well-drained soil and part to full sun. Zones 4 10 7 depending on

species 1 Colour: red

('~-C:AT -:. \LL-COLOUR blooms in midsummer that last into fall; lovely seed heads into winter. Prefers full sun and rich, well-drained soil. Zone 41 Colour: pink

[4] 'BRUNETTE' CIMICIFUGA

(Actaea simplex [Atropurpurea Group] 'Brunette') Lovely purplish black foliage sends out long cream flowers in fall that fade to light pink; prefers moist, rich soil and part shade. Zone 41 Colour; burgundy and cream

[5] BLUE GLOBE THISTLE

(Echinops bannaticus syn. E. ritro) Purple-blue thistlelike flowers that bloom in summer and last through to fall; prefers well-drained soil and full sun. Zone 31 Colour: blue/ purple

[6] ELEPHANT EAR (Bergenia spp.) Big, shiny, lettuce-like

42 · canad iangarden ing.com

[9] HENS AND CHICKS

(Sempervivum spp. and cvs.l These lovely little container plants often look best as the weather becomes cooler in fall, when they have reddish tints. Grows best in sharply drained soil (add sand or grit for best results) and full sun. Zone 41 Colour: red

annuals

[lO] CHRYSANTHEMUMS

Kevin O'Neill, the gardener at this Toronto home, changes the annuals four times a year in parts of the garden. In fall, he plants mums. These bedding plants do best in full sun and well-drained soil. Colour: pillk, red, yellow, orange and peach







[11] KALE The colours in this Prefers moist, rich acidic soil drained soil in part shade. [18] WITCH-HAZEL (Hamamelis ornamental vegetable and part shade. Zone 51 Colour: burgundy x intermedia cvs.) A small become more vivid as the Zones 5 10 8 depending on tree wi th beautiful gold or night air cools. They prefer cullivar I Colour: red [l6] PEEGEE HYDRANGEA red leaves in the fall. Prefers full sun and rich, well- {Hydrangea paniculata full sun to part shade and drained soil, although when [14] REDBUD (Cercis 'Grandiflora') Slightly more well-drained soil. grown for ornamental effect, candensis' Forest Pansy') upright than the other Zone 61 Colour: yellow they tolerate part sun. The leaves of this cultivar are species, this hydrangea often

a rich burgundy; in the forms a standard or single- [19] JAPANESE MAPLE (Acer (12) COLEUS These vibrant autumn, they either continue stemmed small tree. Creamy palmatum and cvs.) The foliage plants give excellent to hold their colour or turn a white flowers are long lasting signature plant of this garden colour until the first frost. deeper red . Prefers rich, and turn pink in cool weather. in fall, which turns shades They prefer part and full well-drained soil in part Plant in well-drained, humus- of red, orange and yellow. sun (check the variety) and shade to full sun. rich soil in full to part sun. Prefers fer tile, moist, fertile, moist soil. Colour: Zone 51 Colour: reddisll Zone 41 Colour: pink, well-drained soil in part sun . burgundy, chartreuse, rus t burgundy yellow and cream Zone 61 Colour: red,

orange and yellow (15) OAKLEAF HYDRANGEA [17] 'ANNABELLE' HYDRANGEA

(Hydrangea quercifolia) (H. arborescens 'Annabelle' ) (20) CRABAPPLE (Malus spp.)

shrubs/trees A lovely shade shrub wi th Big, ivory flowerheads bloom The foliage colour (shades of beautiful mahogany foliage in midsummer and last well red and yellow) on this small fall that sets off its creamy into autumn. Leaves turn tree is subtle in fall, but the white flowers. The peeling a pale yellow as fall arrives. red frui t looks lovely after the

[13] AZALEAS (Rhododendron bark on mature specimens Grows in average soil in full leaves have fallen. Prefers full spp. and cvs.) Bright colour makes them a great plant for sun or part shade. sun and moist, well-drained in spring and again in fall; winter interest as well. Grows Zone 51 Colour: yellow soil. Zone 51 Colour: red-foliage turns a burnished red. best in deep, moist, weil- and cream dish foliage; red fruits ::

canadiangardening.com • 45





Once the bright hues of bold summer blooms have given way to the sizzling shades of fall foliage,

the stage is set for the star performers of this Saskatoon garden to really shine

TEXT BY CAROLYN KENNEDY PHOTOGRAPHY BY STUART KASDORF

~~ \ r 1 / ~ S ~[ rmrPS1 n rPn (0\ rmSi n(O\oo(O\

[ 1 rl ~l

ip) lr'@ ~ Ir' ~ ~ ip)@ ~~~~C~ THERE'S AN ABUNDANT showy mUll ntai nash in Jeaniene Smith's garden that colourfull), charts tht! seasuns, allrae!ing waxwings to its scarlet berries through the winter, proffering white blossoms all summer, and-u nl ike the many trees that swiftly fade from green to brown during Saskatoon's short fall-reliably dazzling with its autumn spectrum of yel luw-orange-recl. Twenty years ago, wh ile casting about for a shade tree, Jcanicnc and her husband, Ph il, had settled 011 the showy rnollntainash (Sorbus decum), both for its seasonal shifts and striking copper-coloured hark. For its effort s, the tree has become a favourite in her garden.

But it has a 101 of competition. When she started garden

ing 30 years ago, leanielle, a greenhouse technic ian at the Unive rsity of Saskatchewan. was guided primarily by a love of "any and lots of colour"; she grew vegetables by the

bushel and planted a riot of flowers. The garden developed as well through the projects she shared with Phil, whose handiwork is visible in the garden's arch iteclure; the 1001 shed, the pergolas, the gate, the pathways a nd the circular

patio. Along the way. Jeaniene found her philosophy shifting, and about 15 years ago she began focusing on creating more of a tonal mix, a less-is-more garden . "I discovered you don't need wall-to-wall colour; that actua Ily detracts," she says. Today, the front yard is planted up with groundcovers and shruhs of cheery yellow and chartreuse foliage, w ith bright-coloured flowers in the summer; in the back, the

flora comes in multiple shades of the more subdued blue

and silver, with blooms of purple and

pi n k, lea n iene says she chooses pia nts with flowers that go with the foliage, "I'm trying to create an atmos phere

that's peaceful a nd serene." Still, autumn is the premier season

here, since both by chance and by

design, Jeaniene has cultivated a collection of trees, shrubs and p lants that

blaze up in glorious fall colour. Ornamental grasses, with their wheat-like sheaves that suggest the harvest, provide movement. She especially likes the hardy autumn moor-grass (SesJerio

OIlJllmnu/isj, a wood la nd pia nt of "neat tufts" that offers a fresh, green mound

of foliage al this lime of year, The ferny branches of a weeping European larch (Larix decidua 'Pendula') draped over

Opposite: Tall feathery stalks of 'Karl Foerster' feather reed grass (Calamagrostis x acutiflora 'Karl Foerster') catch the sunlight in Jeaniene Smith's side garden. A dwarf goldenrod peeks up from behind late·blooming lavender·hued alliums, sited beside another ornamental grass, blue fescue. The white snapdragons towering above the fescue can withstand Saskatoon's frosts and will last through the fall.

canad iangarden ing,com • 47





a pergola turn a beautiful deep gold. And a sure autumn marker is the grapevine: its drifts of green grapes gradually turn purple as the fi rst frost turns their leaves yellow.

At this time of year, Jeaniene is assessing the ga rden's successes and failures, taking photographs and mak ing notes to guide the cha nges she'll make next spring. ("You thi nk you 'll remember," she says, "hu t you never do.") But mostly she's putteri ng. Right now, when the garden is in a consta nt, v isib le state of flux , and every planti ng-the mountai nash among them-is putting on its most colourful display, is her favourite l ime. "Everything is done. It's a time to wander and enjuy."' As well, "The light is nicer ... softer. .. " she muses. "This is when the garden is at its best-full , lush and rich:·

See how much this garden

changed from

a month before!

Go to canadian gardening.com/

smithgarden to view a

slideshow.

Top left: One of the mountain ash's best features is its smooth, shiny coppercoloured bark. Right : The towering grey-blue Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus

scopulorum) is dramatic against the snow in winter. Beyond it is the mountainash in mid-transition from summer to fall colour; its clusters of scarlet berries add

a cheery note. Opposite: Chrysanthemum weyrichii is a dwarf plant from Japan.

Below: The back garden displays a cohesive, serene palette of purples and pinks: pale lavender alliums, magenta 'Alice Haslam' Michaelmas daisy, magenta-purple Joe Pye weed

(top lefll, with blue Clematis x durandii beneath. Fuzzy grey-green lamb's ear dot the border. "The repetition draws your eye along and makes the composition hang together," says Jeaniene.




Left; 'Karl Foerster' feather reed grass peers over a cotoneaster, which turns a brilliant red·gold (shown opposite page) and offers

up black berries later in the fall. Bright red 'Jenny' Michaelmas daisy and 'Goldflame' Japanese spirea are in the foreground.

Top right; Jeaniene loves the fragrant flowers and tiny seed curls of the hardy north European Cyclamen purpurascens. Right; Cedar borders frame the stepping

stones throughout the rock garden. A weeping European larch climbs a pera:ola built by husband Phil. Opposite ; Phil also built this birdbath using cardboard and a 2)(4 wooden post, then painted it with a fibreglass resin and sprinkled pebbles

over it for a stone-look finish. Small-leaf 'Baby Doll ' bergenia at its base picks up ruby tints in the fall , while a fiery Miscanthus 'Purpurascens' blazes behind.

After decades of gardening in

source of it all

Saskatoon, Jeaniene Smith has exhausted the offerings at her local nurseries. Instead, she orders seeds through the mail and belongs to

several seed exchanges; growing from seed and cuttings allows her to cull plants for hardiness, colour, height, texture

50 . canadiangardening.com

and flower variations. ~The seeds arrive in January and February, and I dig a trench in the snow and place them out in their pots so they can go through the temperature cycles. When they come up, they're adapted to the outdoors and don't have to harden off.H (LEARN HOW TO PROPAGATE PLANTS FROM ROOT CUTTINGS IN STEPHEN WESTCOTTGRATTON'S TECHNIQUES COLUMN ON PAGE 26.) ;;

FAll 2009





This Toronto garden evokes a serene country aesthetic with its quiet water features and lush plantings. Varied scales, tones and textures all contribute to the natural effect.





-- Eu~pean beech (Fagus sylvatica) / flanking the out-

Much is asked of an urban garden: rare is the owner who doesn't want his city plot to defy its metropolitan

roots and transport onlooKers into a bucolic, calming refuge" Por this miutuwn Toronto garden, t he vision was clear: "[ wanted 10 give it a cottage aesthetic in the city," explains landscape architect Ron Holbrook of

Ronald Holbrook and Associates Landscape Architects Inc., who designed this space for its owners, "a citified version of lime less cou ntry appeal."

To accomplish thaI goal, simply ignoring the properly's urban location was

door dining area ------;.reatei intimacy l and filters_n_'_i_se_"_-:----

----I

(



not enough. In fac t. says Holbrook, the opposite is true. It's essential to acknowledge a plot"s unique features-space constraints, privacy needs, a limited plant palette, for example-to turn potential negatives into positives.

Firsl, explains Hulbrook, iL"s especia lly importan t wilh small city spaces to ensure the style of the house and the landscape arc in harmony. For this projec t, he poi nts out, the garde n needed to reflect the simple, down-to-earth

Far left: The delightful waterfall with its stone-slab bridge makes a striking focal point. Left: Striking blackeyed Susans (Rudbeckia lulgida var. sullivantii 'Gold sturm') punctuate the garden in midto late summer.

Far left: Coleus ( So/enostemon spp.) mixes with Japanese painted fern (Athyrium niponicum var. pictum) to lend texture to the scene. left: Elephant ear (Bergenia cvs. ) and Eulalia grass (Miscanthus sinensis cvs.) work to soften the hardscaping around the pond .

design of the owners' Arts and Crafts home. To help create this organic, natural effect. all the stonework (including the koi pond, stairs and paths) was done by hand by a master stone mason so the hardscaping would meld with its environs-"like a jigsaw puzzle," says Holbruok. The cleanlineu ponu is sma ll (1. 8 m by 3.6 m), anu the graceful walerfall works with the garden's elevations (there arc three levels in total) and helps drown out surrounding city noise.




•



Opposite : A spreading yew

(Taxus cv.) shelters a stone

bench. Right , clockwise from

top: A smiling Buddha surveys

the scenej a delicate white Japanese ane

mone (Anemone x hybrida)j lady fern (Athyrium

filix-femina ), coleus and Japanese painted

fern add colour and contrast.

The crow ni ng feature is the bridge made from a single stone slah that straddles the pund; simple yet stately, together they create a focal point. Though it's a ga rden very much of the city, observes Holbrook, w ith hard surfaces and a practica l design, the "spirit" is coun trified: "There's an instant calming effec t that takes you away from the city."

That effect is full y enjoyed by the owners, who cou nt the outduor sitting area amung their favourite features uf the home. To ensure the ambience suited the space. Holbrook ingenious ly constructed a majestic European beech hedge on one side of the area to both create an intimate private space for entertai n ing a nd to filter out noise from the st reet and adjacent properties.

[n keeping with the garden's suothing, natura I aesthetic, Holbrook wanted a plant palette that was vibrant but not jarring. Ferns, ornamenta l grasses, coleus, yews and rudbeckia are plentiful. "These are casual kinds of specimens that integrate well with other plant material," he says. Best of ali, while much of the cityscape seems grey and lethargic wiLh the advent of autumn, this lush urba n space explodes in a burst of colour just when it's needed most. Come fall. the rudbeckia is in full bloom, hydrangeas turn lovely pink

ideas

ste~~ 1 ADD A COUNTRY AESTHETIC to your garden by installing a water

feature; a waterfall or pond helps to create a city sanctuary.

2 DON'T OVERPOWER your garden with hardscaping. This is especially true for small urban spaces where too much stone and woodwork can detract from the plantings.

3 CONSTRUCT LAYERS OF LUSHNESS with scale, tone and texture. Here, stone elements mix with varied colours and the staggered heights of trees, hedges, shrubs and bedding plants to create a serene, natural effect.

a nd a 'Bloodgood' Japanese maple becomes a bri llia nt crimson red. The berries of a variegated porcelain ville (Ampelop

.~is iJrevipedullcu/a[a 'E!egans') change to an eye-catc hing blue just as the honeylocust's leaves transition to bright yellow. The result is a setti ng that could easily be taken for a quiet corner uf a rustic iuyll. With this bucul ic patchwork right in the backyard, a cou ntry drive to take in autum n's splendour suddenly seems a bit superf1uous . ::

Fur lIIure ulllllatchillg yuur landscape tu the style ufyuur huuse. visit cUlladiaIl8(mlellillg.cuIl!llulldscapehurll!uO





IInr",nt stalks, goc)Cj'ness

calladiangardening.com · 59



Dark leafy greens like Swiss chard have shot straight to the head of the nutrition class in recent years, propelled by words

such as beta-carotene, antioxidants and phytonutrients.

One cup of chard-and that 's nut consiuered a big serving in my household today-has about 900 times the v itamin K and twice the vitamin A that a body needs in a day. But K a nd A are just the start: chard is also surprisingly high in minera ls such as calcium, irun, magnesium. phosphorus and putassium.

You'd be hard pressed to find a more decorative

foliage plant, edible or not. Or a more productive vegetable: seeded outdoors in mid-May, chard yields its first harvest five to six weeks later, and from then un well into October. Not ma ny vegetables do that. A nd once YOll learn a few fi ne ways to prepare these bountiful leaves-thaI is, how

/Jot to boil the life out of them-chard cooks up mild , earthy and sweet.

Chard's sweetness comes from its family ties 10

beets, Other names for chard are leaf beet, spinach beet, silver beet and, curiously, Sicil ian beet, since the first varieties have been traced back to that Mediterranean island, You might also ca ll it summer spinach, because chard can handle the kind of he a! that sends spinach right to seed ,

A thriv ing chard patch starts with a packet or two of seeus a nd a bed of fertile soiltbatlies in six or more hou rs of sunsh ine-this is one vegetable that makes the best of a little shade. If the soil is not up to par, mix in compost or very well rotted manure as early as possible. Acidity stunt s chard's growth, so add lime if the soil pH is much bclow 6. For case of tending and harvest, c hard is best grow n in a single or double row, rather

60· canad iangardening ,com

than in multiple ones. Two rows a metre long, spaced 30 centimetres apart, wi ll do for two; bu t if you love it, plant twice as much.

A week before the spring frost-free date, open shallow furrows with the corner of a rake and sow seeds one to 1.5 centimetres deep, dropping them in singly about three centimetres apart. Cover, lightly tamp down soil, water and wait a week. As plants grow and begin to touc h, carefully pull up individual seedli ngs, thi nning them to six or eight centimetres apart. Allow plants to streIch and touch at a height of about 15 cen ti· metres. Then, over the course of several weeks, remove whole plants-very tasty young greens at this stage-leaving Ihe resl to malure al15 10 25 centimetres apart. This may look like a lot of room, but the plant bulks up considerably.

Chard develops a deeply branched root system, so a week ly soaking should su ffice, with a monthly drenching of dilute fish emulsion to boost nitrogen. Ri nse plants thoroughly with clear water.

By midsummer, chard plants may begin to look overgrown a nd shabby, especially if they are not picked often, To renew the patch, go along the rows, breaking off twisted, wilted, browned or chewed leaves-anything you wouldn' t eaL Mulched w it h compost or side-dressed with granula r fertilizer and watered well, pla nls will quickly rebound from their centres . A ll tha t remains is to snap off a bundle of leaves, cook and enjoy t he taste of th is hard-working uecorative vegetable that is as goou for you as it looks.

FAll 2009



FOR STRESS-FREE MEAL IDEAS VISIT COOKWITHCAMPBELLS.CA

EASY CHICKEN U.OCCOLI OIVAN W ITH rUSILLI

3 cups

2 cups

I Can

!IJ cup

v, cup

2 tbsp

l up

3 cups

hot cooked broccoU norets

cubed, cooked, sk inless chicken brent

(10 ozl2U ml ) CAMPBELL'S·

Condensed Lo .... Fat Cream of Broccoli Soup

1'Yo milk

shredded light Chedda. cheese

dry bread crumbs

muculne or butter, melted

uncooked trl-coloured fusiUl

M'm! M'm! Cood!' • __ c--.. .. ~

Prep: 10 min Cook T ime: IS min S"rves: "

I. Am,n,. broccoli and chlcleen In I V, q t (I.S L) bale/nK dish.

"(XI' In ml,ttfur. of soup and milk. Sprinkle ",ith cheese.

Top "Wlfh m/Jlwre of bread crumbs and m,lI",ri,...

2. Bab • .at 425"" (220"C) umll heated fhrouch - ab.wr

25 minute ..

J . Cook (u, 11II lI.ccordlng to pachge directions, omitting

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lOmg chol.If."'~ 59Om& sodium, '1& corbohydc.t.,

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Swiss chard

cultivars

Chard is really like two vegetables in one,

consisting of thick fibrous stalks and

broad puckered leaves. The leaves are always glossy green, but the

colour of the stalks (or midribs) varies,

from pale green, white and beet ted

to a rainbow of shades, depending

on the cultivar.

62 · canad iangarden ing.com

WHITE STALKS:

These are classic chard cultivars and (to my taste) milder than the reds.

. 'lucullus': Lighter green leaves than most and said to be among the best tasting.

• 'Silverado': Dense compact growth (to 40 cm tall) of wide, pure white stalks and contrasting da rk green savoyed leaves.

• 'Green Perpetual': Smooth-leaved tender type from Europe with thin stalks; good for freezing.

. 'Large White Ribbed': as in a container An old standard or at the table. white -and-green • 'Golden Sunrise' chard. and 'Canary Yellow':

• 'Fordhook Giant': Distinctive for their Tall type, very cold- bright yellow to hardy, reliable and orange stalks and decorat ive. contrasting greens.

MULTICOLOURED RED STALKS:

STALKS: More earthy tasting; New varieties that occasionally bolts to are as pretty as they seed in spells of hot, are tasty. dry weather.

. 'Bright Lights': . 'Rhubarb Chard' 1996 All-America (a.k.a. 'Ruby Red'): Selections winner; Shiny, bright red the range of shades stalks and veins con-is extensive- yellow, trast with dark green orange, apricot, light leaves. Ideal as an and dark pink. As edible ornamental. vivid in a flowerbed SOURCE GUIOE, PAGE 77

Pasta e Verdura MAKES 4 SERV ING S

Thfl addition of Swiss chard makflS this pasta and vflgetablfl di.~h a winning combination of local greells with organic mushrooms, a lillJe white wine and good olive oil before being tossed with linguine and Jtaly's grana podono cheese.

Ph Ib (675 g) Swiss chard , rinsed,

trimmed

1 Ib (450 g) assorted mushrooms

(such as brown crem ini mushrooms

and shiitake)

If. cup (60 ml) olive oil

4 cloves garlic, minced

1 tsp (5 ml) salt

If. tsp (1 ml) freshly ground black pepper

1/] cup (75 mil dry white wine

1 Ib (450 g) linguine

Ih cup (125 ml) freshly grated grana

padano cheese

Exira-virgin olive oil for driuling

1.Ifthc Sw iss chard stcms arc particularly thick and long, trim them off and reserve for another use (great in sou ps or risottos); retain some ofthe stem , as it adds stl:!at texture to the dish. Stack thc leaves with remaining stcm and roughly c ut into strips. Sct aside. Wipe mushrooms with a damp paper towel.

Find more Innlaiizing Swiss chard recipes al canadiangardening.com/swisschaC)





Wine Suggestions:

Henry of Pelham

Plnat Nair, Reserve

VQAShart Hill Bench,

Niagara,Ont.; Quail's Gate Pinat NairOkanagan Valley, B.C.

As recommended

by Ted Mcintosh,

sommelier

and co-owner

of the Btack Dog

Village Pub &

Bistro In Bayfield.

Ontano.

(If using shiitake mushrooms, just use the caps and reserve the s iems for stock.) Thinly slice all mushrooms and scI to olle side. 2. Heat oil in a very large s killet or Dutch oven. Add ga rlic a nd saute over medium heat unlillighlly coloured, about t minute. Add mushrooms and cook for aboul5 minutes. slirring oceosjo na lly. Add sa lt. pepper and wine. Simmer for another few minutes. 3. Add Swiss cha rd to mushroom mixture. Cover and cook, slirring once or twice, until greens have wilted, about 5 minutes. Taste and add extra sail and pepper i f desired .

4. Meanw hile , br ing a large pol of waler 10 a boil. Add pasla ami cook according to package direc tion s. Drain pasta (reserving a ladle-full of pa sla

water ill the bottom of pot). Retu rn

,aida Gallego MAKES 4 TO 6 SERVING S

From northern Spain's Galicion region. this hearty soup is based on dn'ed white beans, pork (0 hom hock), potatoes and greens. Wilh good crusty bread alld some of Spain 's fa ntastic cheeses such as mOllchego, leli/Jo or mahon, il makes a wonderful supper. Start preparations for this dish the night before.

I lh cups (375 mil dried white beans

1 fresh ham hock (not smoked) 2 tsp (10 mil salt 2 tsp (10 mil freshly ground

black pepper 2 tsp (10 mil Spanish paprika 3 large floury potatoes, peeled

and diced 1 small bunch Swiss chard, rinsed ,

trimmed, roughly chopped "asta 10 pol. Add vegetable mi xture to 2 3-inch (7,5-cm) chorizos or other "asia and loss well. s. Transfer 10 warmed pasta bowls and se rve immediately with t he g rana pad ana and a drizzle of olive oil.

Italian sausages, cut into pieces

1. Place bea ns in a medium saucepan, cover with water anu soa k overnight.



2. Drain bea ns and transfer to a large soup pot. Cover with 8 cups (2 L) cold water. Add ham hock, salt, pepper and paprika, and hring to a ho il over high

heat. Reduce heat and simmer for about

u nder cold waler hefore cooking. 1I'.~

also a wonderful vegetarian maincolourful, texturally pleasing, delicious in a rllstic /lotion sari of way.

1 hour. Remove ham hock , the n add 1 cup (250 mil dried chickpeas, soaked potatoes, chard and chorizo; cook for another 20 minutes. When cool enough to handle, remove skin and fat fr o m ham hock. Pull off meat, chop roughly

and retu rn to soup pot. If broth seems thi n, use a slotted spoon to transfer a chu n k or two of cooked potatoes and bea ns to a bowl. Ma sh together with a

fork and return to pot to thicken broth. Serve soup hot.

Warm S, lad of Swiss Chard, Chickpeas & Young Carrots

MAKES 6 TO 8 SER VINGS

GreallVilh pork, chickell, soored salmon or as pari of all ontipaslo spread, lhis preparalion sillg.~ when dried chickpeas are used (soaked OI'ernigh/ and cooked for just less than all hour). [fyou use canned chickpeas, make sLlre 10 rinse

overnight in enough water to cover

2 cloves garlic, peeled 1/3 cup (75 mil extra-virgin olive oil,

divided 2 Ib (900 g) Swiss chard, rinsed, thick

stems trimmed 1 red onion, peeled and chopped 3 to 4 young carrots, peeled and

chopped Salt and freshly ground black pepper,

to taste 1 cup (250 mil dry white wine (such

as Pinot Grigio or Sauvignon Blanc) 3 ripe plum tomatoes, peeled, seeded

and chopped 1 cup (250 mil roughly chopped fresh

flat-leaf parsley (leaves only)

'h cup (125 mil roughly chopped fresh basil

Juice of 1 large lemon

1. Drai n c h ic kpeas and tra nsfer to a saucepan with just enough water to cover. Add garlic and 1 tablespoon (15

ml) olive oil. Bring to a boil over high heat; red uce heat and si m me r for 4 5

mi nutes, until chickpeas are tender. 2. Meanwhile, place Swiss chard in a large pot, cover with boiling water

a nd drain immedia tely. Let chard cool sl ightly, then tra nsfer to a cutling board

a nd roughly chop. Set aside. 3. In a large saucepan or skillet, warm remaining oi l over med ium-high heat and saute onion and carrots u nt il tender, ahout 10 minu tes. Season with salt

and pepper. Add wine a nd cook until reduced slightly. Add to matoes and cook until m ixture has thic kened . 4 . Add chic kpeas and Swiss chard, mix ing to combine well, then cook for

a nother 10 minu tes. Remove from heat a nd add parsley, basi l a nd lemon juice. Taste once more fo r season ing, the n trans fer mix lure to a large, sha llow serving bowl. Serve warm or at room temperature. ::



jobs to do Clean up the vegetable garden and consider

sowing a green manure such as fall rye.

o Replace faded annuals

with winter pansies, ornamental kale or chrysanthemums.

o Plant garlic in a sunny

location with rich, well-drained soil and

keep weeded.

66 · c3Md iangarden ing,com

British Columbia BY MICHAEL LASCELLE

[email protected]

SOW SOME WILO OAKS The Garry oak (Quercus garryana) meadow ecosystem is one of the musllbrealeneu in British Culumbia, with less than five per cent of its original habi tat remai n ing intact. Indigenolls to a narrow coastal strip of southeast Vancouver Island, the Gulf Islands and two small siles (Yale and Sumas Mountain) in the Fraser River Valley, it is increasingly th reatened by land developme nt

and the introduct ion of invasive plant species.

With this in mind, in 2005, Tom Wheeler, horticu lturist of special projects for the University of British Columbia Bota n ical Garden, planned to recreate this ecosystem on a narrow half-acre site adjacent to a tunnel and access ramp that connects several existi ng gardens, With minimal amendments made to the sa ndy loam soil, and seeds carefully collected from t he wild, the beds nex t to the ramp were planted up in 2007, Elevated to accommodate the slope, the beds allow visitors

FAll 2009



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grassroots TRANSCANADA

to walk the path through the

meadow understure), at a level just below head height-a n ideal vantage poi nt to view the plants.

There are currently about 60 p lant species maturing together in this meauow-from annuals like scablush (Plee/fitis Ganges/a) and farewell to spring (Clarkia amoena) , to bulbs that include white fawn lily (ErYlhrollium oregollum) and Comassia leicht/inij ssp. suksdorfti.

elegant grasses such as Koe/eria macrGntha, and shrubs like our native moc korangc (Phi/adelphus ifll'lisiij and saskatoon berries (Amelollchierolnifoliaj, While the oaks are only about ono metre

tall, the rest of the monclow has come into its own, while smaller

native perennia ls such as monkey flower (Mirnalus gultatm) a nd spoon-leaved sedum (Sedum spotlwlifolium) grow in seepage areas and dry cracks near the path. \Nith a goal of wanting "to exhibit diverse, colourful species that display dynamic balance over time," I think we can call Tom Wheeler's and the UBC Botanical Garden's young Garry oak meadow a complete success.

For more information on the Garry oak meadow ecosystem and con servation efforts, visit its wehsite at goerLca.

Atlantic BY SANDRA PHINNEY

s .phin [email protected]

TASTE THE flAVOURS OF FAll The word is out: Prince Edward Isla nd is a culinary mecca. Between September 25 and October 4 this year, thousands of people will pour into P.E.I. for Tourism Charlottetown's second annual Fall Flavours festiva l, featuring more than 130 cul in ary a nd cultural events spread throughout the island .

"You'll get your hands dirty, as well as experience food right from its source," says Shan non Pratt, festivals and events manager with Tourism Charlottetown, "Both Islanders and CFAs (,come-fromaways') have the opportunity to discover a ll that P.E.I. has to offer, includ ing hoth the harvest of the land and the bounty of the sea:·

Officially hosted by Chef Michael Smith (Food Network TV's Chef ot Home, Chef 01 Lorge, Chef Abroad and In n Chef), the festival offers aut hentic Island experiences : v isitors can take part in a potato harvest, where they·]] actually dig up potatoes and have dinner with fie ld hands at the farm; pick apples and make cider

jobs to do o

Do one last round of weeding to reduce

problems for next year. o

Prepare spots for new

flower bulbs- then plant!

Fertilize your lawn (and water it if

summer's been dry).



at an orchard; ma ke seaweed pie; or harvest Irish moss.

Chef Calvin Burt, owner/ operator of Sh ipwright's Cafe in Margate, holds cooking classes and shows people how to make breads, pies, a nd flavoured oils and sa lts from herbs in his garden. "We arc a million-acre garden here in P.E.I. People wa nt something real in this un-authentic world. We prov ide them with a grass roots experience," he says.

The final day of the festival is "Farm Day in the City," where the streets of Charlottetown wi ll be lined with fruits, vegetables, flowers, arts and crafts

everything 100 per ce nt P.E. I.! For more information about Fall

Flavours, log on to fa ll flavours .ea or ca ll 800-955-1864 .

Quebec BY LARRY HODGSON

[email protected]

AUTUMN'S GLORY Gene rat ions of Quel.Jecers and New Engla nders have been travell ing to the Quebec City region a nd to the Eastern Tow nships for the province's best display of rich, bold fall colour, but now a North Shore loea lion

Pack a picnic-and your camerafand take a drive through Quebec's dazzling fall-colour display

jobs to do Plant hardy spring bulbs

from mid-Se ptember through November in well

dra ined soil in a spot that receives spring sun.

Rake or mow fall e n leaves from your lawn before they pile up,

Divide a nd plant perennials; transplant

shrubs and trees if necessary.

is clai ming it deserves a piece of the tou rism pie.

A popular winler ski resort, Mont-Saint-Sauveur, only 40 minutes north of Montreal in the Laurentian Mountai ns, has created its own Fall Colours Festival specifically 10 attract attention to its wonderfu l dis play of trees-plus, its mou ntaintop view offers a perspect ive that no

South Shore site can offer. From the top of Mont-Saint-Sauvcur Hi ll 70, easily accessible by ski lifts thai run on weeke nds during the fall-colour season, you can get a superb bird's-eye view of the Saint-Sauveur Va lley, dominated as it is by flamboyant ma ples in dizzying shades of orange, yellow and red. Night temperatures close to but above freezi ng following a

sunny summer tend to l.Jrillg out thc best fall shades.

Although the fa ll-colour season varies slightly from year to year, dependi ng on the weal her, irs usually at ils peak between midSeptemuer and mid-Oelouer. Bring the whole fami ly and a picnic lunch and enjoy the mountaintop view. Or spend t he weekend in one of the many lodges or bed-and-breakfasts. Don't forget to bring your camera!

For more informalion . visit bon jou rquebec .com!qc-en!evcn tsd i rectory/fe sti va l-s pee i ai-even t/ fes I i va l-des-cou leu rs·de-montsaint-sauveu r _ 5262881.ht mI.



TRANSCANADA

jobs to do Plant peonies in early fall to ensure success.

After first frost, dig up summer bulbs like dahlias,

calla lilies, tuberous begonias and canna lilies

to store over winter. o

Water evergreens

well before freeze-up, especially those

sheltered under eaves.

Ontario BY DAVID HOBSON

[email protected]

HOW 'BOUT THOSE LEAVES' They're pil ing up ami it's time to begi n raking them, especially those sporting tattoos gone wrong.

They're the ones infected with tar spot, a fungal disease thaI mainly attacKS Norway maples, resulting in black splutches that can be up to two centimetres ac ross. The same fungal spores, however, will

happily alight on and infect other species of maple trees, too.

Caused by the fungus Rhyslisma acerinum, an import from Europe , tar spot becomes noticeable in late summer a nd into fall, but actually begins in spring when the fungal spores are released after over

wintering on infected leaves. Real istically, little can be done

to prevent the spread of tar spot,

particularly as there are more maple trees tha n people in Ontario and it appears most trees across

the northeastern part of t he continent have become infec ted after exposure year after year.

Fungicides are somewhat effective, but they're impractical since almost every leaf on every

am icted tree would have to be

sprayed. The best hope is that

weather conditions in coming years will be such th at the problem is less severe. Fortunately tar spot . though unsightly, is not likely to kill the tree.

The question is what to do with all those fallen leaves blanketing the yard? It's typically recommended that all infected leaves be raked up and burned, buried or sent for municipal

composting. Leaves that are collected by municipalities are subject to higher temperatures in the composting process. which should destroy the spores, while a backyard compost pile may not

heat up enough tu be effective. But if the neighbours up the street don't dispose of thei r leaves in an

appropriate way, then any attempt on your behalf to prevent the spread becomes futile,

If you shuu ld dec ide to continue composti ng your own leaves, but are still concerned about con

tributing to the spread of tar spot, cover you r pile with a tar]) or other material to contain the spores, which are released mainly between May and the end of June.

Thankfully, there is no evidence that compost produced from infected maple leaves will\rouble other garden plant s in any way.



Biodegradable soaps and phosphate free for years.

And since concentrating. each bottle has reduced its p lastic up to 43%.



TRANSCANADA

Prairies BY ALISON BECK

[email protected]

A PIECE OF THE PAST Tall-grass prairie, characterizeu by grasses that grow to more than a melre tall, as well as an

abu ndance of olher grasses and wildflowers, once held sway over an area of more than ono minion

squa re k ilumelres, stretch i ng a!1 the way from southern Ma n itoba

to northern Texas . Rich soil and

fairly regular rainfa ll encouraged

t his d iverse landscape despite large grazing mammals and orush Ii res that constantly devi taliwd the region . Now, this unique

ecosystem occupies less than one per cent of its original range.

After years of decimation, the value of preserving wha t rema i ned of the ta lJ·grass pra i rie was finally recognized: in 1968,

the area that is now The Living

Prairie Museum in Winnipeg was set aside as a preserve. This area, which has never been cultivated, is made up uf 32 acres uf ta II-grass prairie and eight acres of aspen forest, with sel f-guided hik ing trails through both. An interpretive centre features displays on prairie history and ecology, and a secund-sturey observatiun deck overlooks the landscape.

This litt le piece of the original tall-grass prairie includes 160

species of prairie plants, many of which have found a place in our prese nt-day home gardens. The most common is big bluestem

72 · canad l3ngarden ing.com

(Andropogongerardii), a beauti ful blue-green grass that grows one to two metres tall and has distinct pronged flowers that resemble birds' feeL Other grasses include side-oats grama (Bouleloua

curlipendula) and Indian grass (Sorghas/rum nu/ans).

Some of the wildflower species we're familiar with are blanket fluwer (Gaillardia spp,j, black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia spp.j, conefluwer (Echinacea spp.), giant purple hyssop (Agas/ache .~crophulariifalia),

bellflower (Campanu/a spp.) a nd violets (Viola spp.). 1\\10 well· knuwn species are prairie crocus (Pulso/illa patens) and prairie lily (Lilium philadelphicum)-the

floral emblems of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, respectively.

The museum's bookstore not unly has several excellent huuks on pra irie plants and on tall-grass prairie a nd prairie ecosystem

restoration, but also sells the seeds for all the aforementioned plants, as well as many others. Why not take the opportunity to recreate a piece of til is diverse but endangered ecosystem in your own garden? For more information, visit wi nnipeg.ca/publicworks/ nat u fa I ist /l ivingprai rie.

jobs to do Clear away plants that

suffered from disease or insect problems but don't

compost them. o

Deeply water trees, shrubs and perennials before the

ground freezes. o

Mulch beds once the ground freezes.

FAll 2009



Design ideas from Irish gardens

Our editor takes away lessons from the fantastic gardens at

Mount Stewart and Powerscourt

LOOK FOR OUR WINTER 2010 ISSUE!

on sale November 16,

2009

Spectacular city sophistication

Visit a luscious urban space with no-expense-spared details

and cool modern refinement

Our annual holiday gift guide

Find that perfect something for every gardener on your list with our choice picks for the season

Our design special I Discover fabulous gardens with a unique focus on hardscaping and landscaping elements, as well as interesting choices in plant

material. Get inspired for a new year of possibilities in your own backyard.



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V I SIT: www.canadiangardening.com MAIL: Cinidian Gardening Magazine

P.O. Box 717. Markham. Ontario L3P 7V3

Call: (905) 946·0893 FAX: (905) 946·0410

grassroots COMING UP

What's going on across the country

BRITISH COLUMBIA Fall Plant Sale. Sept. 26 & 27. Milner Gardens &

\.voodland , Qualicum Beach. CaU 250-752-8573; emai l mil [email protected] HSHC VanDusen Family Program 'Plant DetectivesSeeds and Leaves', Sepl. 27, VanDusen Botanical Garuen , Vancouver. CaU 604-71 8-5898; visit fami lyprograms@ vandusen .org Mid Autumn Moon Festival, Ocl. 4, Dr. Sun Yat·Sen Classical Ch inese Garden. Vancouver. CaU 604-662-3207. The 111h Annual Salt Spring Island Apple Festival , Oct. 4. Call 250-653-2007; visit sa ltspri I1gma rket.cum/apples Cedar Lecture "An Evening with Charles Darwin ," Ocl. 8.

Va nDusen Bota nical Garden . Vancouver. Call 604-878-9274. UDC Apple Festival, Ocl. 17 &

18. UBC Botanical Gardell . Vancouver. Call 604-822-4529. Nanaimo Pumpkin Festival, Oct. 24. Call 250-7 29-3801. Vancouver Mycological Society Mushroom Show, Dcl. 25, VanDusen Botanical Garden . Call 604 -619 -5060. Pt. Grey Chrysanthemum Association Show or Late Varieties, Oct. 31 & Nov. 1,

VanDusen Botanical Garden, Vancouver. Call 604-2 61 -9219; emailogryz [email protected] .ca

PRAIRIES Alberta Regional Lily Society Bulb Sale, Dcl. 3, Calgary. Ca ll 780 -

455 -0434; visil arls-lilies.org

Devonian Botanic Garden e\'e nts: Gardening courses: 'The Purple Martin," Oc t. 3; "Fall Pruning," Ocl.10; Des ign courses: "A Garden of Inspiration & Reflection: The Japanese Garden," Ocl. 7, 14, 21,28, Nov. 4, 18; "Residential Lanuscape Design : Urban Homes," Oc l. 8, 15, 22 , 29; Crafter's Christmas Sale, Nov. 27 to 29. Call 780-987-3054; v isit devon ian.ua lberta.ab.ca Red Deer & District Garden Club Meeting "Pruning," Oct. 15; Christmas put luck supper and gift exchange, Nov. 19, Kerry Wood Natu re Centre. Ca ll 403-346-0152; visit members.shaw.ca/ ruge/hume.htm Alberta Regional Lily Society Semi-Annual Meeting, Ocl. 17, Woodvale Hall, Edmonton. Call 780-455-0434; visit arls-lilies.org Alberta Orchid Society Meeting with guest speaker Paul Paluuet, DCl.18. Sl. Mark Catholic Junior High School, Edmonton. Email info@ orchidsalberta.com; visit orch idsa lberta.com Edmonton Horticultural Society Meeting "Con necting Gardening to Today's Lifestyles," Ocl. 26; "History of the Butchart Gardens," Nov. 30, Centra! Lion s Seniors Centre. Call 780·456-332 4; v isit edmontonhorLcom Alberta Orchid Society Annual Meeting & Silent Auction, Nov. 15, Sl. Mark Cathulic Junior High School, Edmonton . Email info@orchidsalberta. com; visit orchidsa!berta.com



Saskatchewan Saskatchewan Perennial Soc ie ty Mee ting "AlBums &

Other Hardy Bu lbs," Ocl. 13; "Lilies Other Than Asialic,M

Nov. 10, Augustana Lutheran Church, Saskatoon . Call 306-343-7707; visit www.

sask perenn ia I.org Regin a Flora l Conserva tory Harvest Tea , Ocl. 18;

Hallowe'en Party, Nov. 1.

Call 306-781-4769; visit regi na nora \co nservatory.ca

Regin a Horticultural Society Annual General Meeting, Ocl. 22, Regi na. Email grow@reginahort society.com; visit regi nahortsociety.com

Saskatoon Horticulture Society Annua l General Meeting, Nov. 12. Call 306-249-1329; visit saskatoon horlsociet y.ca

Manitoba Manitoba Regional Society Fall Bulb Sales, Ocl. 3 al SI. James Civic Centre, VVin nipeg, and Shopper's Mall, Brandon; Del. to at Marketplace Mall , Dauphin .

Email [email protected]; visit manilobalilies .ca Herb Society or Ma nitoba

Genera l Meeting with Meira Thadin a & Pa t Hickling, Ocl. 19, Assiniboine Park

Conservatory, Wi n nipeg. Visil herbsocietymb.com SI. James Hortic ulture Society (The Ga rden Club) Monthly Meeting, Del. 20 & Nov. 17, Linwood Public School,

Winnipeg. Call 204-772-7096; email [email protected] Brandon Ga rden Club Monthly Meeting, Oct. 21 &

Nov. 18 at Scniors for Scniors. Call 204-726-5351; email

hogue@bra ndollu .ca Frie nds or Assiniboine Park Con servatory Festival or Trees & Light s, Nov. 20 to Dec. 6, Winnipeg. Call 204-895-4560;

visi l frie ndsconservatory.com

ONTARIO "Aberglas ney: The Restora tion oran Eli zabethan Garden in Wa les," with Graham Rankin,

Ocl. 2, Mississauga. Sponsored by Applewood Garden Club and The Riverwood Conservancy. Call 905-279-

1655 or 905-279·5878. SI. Marys Horti cultura l Society Plant Auction , Ocl. 7.

Call 519-349-2107; emai l med i na lassie@hot mai l.com

QUEBEC Montrea l Bolanical Ga rden el'ents: Magic of Ihe Lanlerns, Sepl.1 1 to Nov. 1; Greal Pumpkin Ball , Oct. 2 to Nov. 1.

Call 514-872-1400; visit www2.

vi lle.montrea I.qc.ca/ja rd i n Orchid fe te 2009 , Ocl. 24 & 25 ,

Mont real. Visil ecosorchids.cal show.html

ATLANTIC New Brunswick Corn Hill Nursery evenl: Anllual Grapefest, Oct. 3 & 4, Corn Hi ll. Call 506-756-3635.

Kings Landing event : Thanksg iving Festival, Del. 10 to 12. Call 506-363-4999.

Kingsbrae Garden events: Great Canadian Sculpture Competition prizes awarded, Oct. 11; 51. Andrews' Culinary Indulge Festival Brats & Brews, Oct. 17. Call 866-566-8687.

Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Association or Garden Clubs (\'\'estern District a nnual meeting), OcL 3,

Forrester's Ha ll, Cleme ntsvale . Call 902-467-0427.

Prince Edward Island Autumn in Ihe Forest , OcL 4, Macphail Woods Nature Centre,

Orwell. Ca ll 902-651-2575.

For more gardening events, visit canadian gardening.com/events

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011 allY oslCo. Bi-Fle;t



grassroots INSIDER

I !~~l~~I~~P~C~~~jiU~ k or direct mail (including our plant catalogues!) arrive yearly

at U.S. households; about 100 million trees are logged

to supply the paper. Each year, 80 per cent of pulp derived from the Canadian boreal forest ships directly to the U.S.

But you don't have to give up seed catalogues to help reduce

waste and protect forests. The demand for paper can't

be met by recycled product alone, but recycled stock is

affordable and abundant. Mark Stephens of Innovative

Response Marketing Inc., a Canadian green mail-order distribution house, says "stock with a specifically different look and feel can promote your green initiative and show you're

being envi ronmentally responsible." Paper certified by the Forest Stewardship Council

A look beyond the pages of seed catalogues into their journey to your mailbox BY LORI COVINGTON

(an international, non-profit watchdog organization working to protect forests worldwide)

carries the FSC logo, confirming the product comes from responsibly run forests). Other companies such as Veseys also use FSC-certified paper and

l vegetable-based ink, producing eco-friendly catalogues as well.

Despite the seemingly limitless plant resources avai lable through the Internet, nothing compares to c urling up with a flower-filled seed catalogue.

And gardeners aren't alone: a recent Ca naoa Post survey found that 70 per cent of respondents prefer printed catalogues, even though 30 Lo 40 per cent of orders are pl aced online. We usc catalogues to plan and fantasize-but have you ever wondered how they arrive at your front door?

Accord ing to John Barrett, director of sales, marketi ng and development for Vescys Ltd. of Charlottetown, its catalogues are created in-house and sent to an On tario printing company that also addresses and ships them.

Vcseys sends out four major catalogue mailings each year, with separate mailings for its Mantis Tiller and

76· canad iangarden ing.com

Compost Twin (a tool and garden supplies catalogue is included with every order). The catalogues-two million annually-ship to existing customers; additional requests are then shipped from a mailing house in Halifax,

Pam Dangelmaier, co-owner of Botanus, Inc. (wh ich ships 60,000 to 70,000 catalogues per year), explains that a catalogue isn't just about sales: it's a way of being acces

sible and accountable to customers. "It's a reference tool," she says. "We fill it with as much information as we can."

But bewa re-not all catalogues are created equal. Both

Barrett and Dangelmaier know uf cumpanies that use doctored images to sell products that can't possibly measure up to what you sec on the page. (for example, all-black tulips: "No such tulip exists," says Barrett,) ::

Bruwse fur bluums unline at cUlladiangurdening.cumlseedcatalugO



source guide

Information about products, plants &-places mentioned in this issue

BE SURE TO CHECK WITH FAVOURITE OR LOCAL SUPPLIERS, TOO.

CLIPPINGS/NEWS Page 11 800ts: Heel boy. 416-362-4335;

heelboy.com

Manure fork: Garant (418-259-7711;

garanl.com), available at Zellers (nation

ally), London Drugs, BMR and Reno Depot.

Mud room products : Bogs, 800 -465-

9637; bogsfoot wear.com, insport.ca

• Chilewich, chilewich.com _ Lee Valley

Tools, 800-267-8767; leevalley.com

• West County Gardener, 800 -475-

0567; weslcountygardener.com

'October Glory' red maple : Cedar Rim

Nursery. Ltd ., Milner, B.C.; 604 -888 -

4491; cedarrim.com _ Connon Nurseries,

Waterdown, Ont.; 905-689 -4631;

connon.ca _ Dinter Nursery Ltd .. Duncan.

B.C.; 250·748·2023; dinternufsery.ca

• Everest Nurseries Inc., Hepworth, Onl. :

519-935-3186: e~erestnurseries.ea

_ Patmore Nursery Sales, Brandon, Man.;

204 -728-1321: patmorenursery.eom

_ Peninsula Flowers Nursery, Sidney. B.C.;

250-652-9602: bonsaibc.ca _ Reeves

Florist & Nursery, Woodbridge, Onl. :

905-851-2275; reevesnursery.ca _ Ritchie

Feed and Seed, Ottawa: 613-741-4430:

ritchiefeed.com _ Shelmerdine Garden

Center Ltd., Winnipeg: 204-895 -7203:

shelmerdine.com _ Willowbrook Nurseries,

Fenwick. Onl.; 905 -892-3790 : willow

brook nurseries .com

CLIPPINGS/MINDFUL GARDENER Page 14

Honibe, 877-564-5035; honibe.com

_ Larabar, 800- 543 -2147: for retailers

visit larabar.com _ Lee Valley Tools, 800-

267-8767: leevalley.com

CLiPPINGS/HORT COUTURE Page 16

Aveda, 800-689 -1066; aveda.com

_ Bookhou, 416-203-2549; bookhou .eom

_ Farrow & Ball, 416-920 -0200;

farrow-ball.com _ Forever Natural,

800 -463-2273: forever-natural.coml

forevernatural _ J.R. Watkins. 800-243-

9423; jrwatkins.com _ Lee Valley Tools.

800 -267-8767; lee~alley.com _ Pistachio,

416-646-8974; epistaehio.com; Pistachio

products are also sold in Indigo and

Chapters stores _ Shoppers Orug Mart,

shoppersdrugmarl.ca _ Upper Canada

Gardeners, a~ailable at major retailers

(Sears and The Bay), and gift stores

across Canada; uppercanadasoap.com

CLIPPINGS/STAR PLANT PICKS Page 18

KEY: Tulipa acuminata: I, T. clusiana: 2 .

T. humilis var. pulchella: 3, T. marjolletii :

4, T. praestans: 5, T. saxatilis [Bakeri

Group] ·Lilac Wonder': 6, T. tarda: 7,

T. tUr/(estanica: 8 Perfect Partners Allium

/(arataviense: 9, Anemone blanda and

cvs. : 10. Iris reticulata and cvs.: II,

Narcissus poeticus var. recurvus: 12,

Pulmonaria spp. and cvs.: 13

80lanus , Langley, 8.C.: 800-672-

3413; botanus.com: 3. 5.7-11. Breck·s

Sulb~ , 800-644-5505; brecksbulbs.ca:

10,11,13. Dominion Seed House,

Georgetown, Ont.; 800-784-3037;

dominion-seed-house.com: 7, 10, II.

Fraser's Thimble Farms , Sail Spring Island,

S.C. : 250-537-5788; Ihimblefarms.com:

3, 5, 6, 8 -12. Gardenimport Inc ..

Richmond Hill, Onl.; 800-339-8314;

gardenimport.com: 1-7, 10-12. Gardens

North, Gower, Onl.; 613-489-0065:

gardensnorlh.com: 7. 8. Hole's Greel

houses & Gardens Ltd , 51. Albert, Alta.;

888-884 -6537; holesonline.com : 2. 5. 7,

9-11. MIFayden Seed Co. Ltd., Brandon,

Man.; 800-205-7111: mcfayden.com: 10.

PhI' li~ Perennial~ , Richmond, S.C.: 604-

270-4133; phoeni~perennials.com: 5-8.

12. Veseys Ltd , Charlottetown; 800-363 -

7333; veseys .com : 5, 10-12.




If you'd like to know more

about the advertisers in this

issue, please visit canadian

gardening.com and click on

the advertisers directory for their contact

information.

WINDOW DRESSING Page 34

Note: Because autumn stock at nurseries

varies year to year, Lil' Tiger Stripe mini

ature pumpkins may not be available this

season. However, any kind of striped

miniature pumpkin will do. Check your

local garden centres.

KEY: Ajuga replans 'Binblasca': 1. Brassica

oleracea (Acephala Group) 'Osaka White'

(Osaka Series) : 2, Euphorbia characias

'Tasmanian Tiger': 3

Brentwood Bay Nurselie , Brentwood

Bay. B.C.: 250-652-1 507: brentwoodbay

nurseries.com: 3. Cedar Rim Nursery. Ltd .:

Milner, B.C.; 604-888-4491; cedarrim .

com : 1. 3. Dunvegan Gardens, Fairview,

Alta.: 780-835-4459; dunvegangardens.

ca: 2. The Flower Ran( ,Strathroy, Ont.:

519-245-6890; theflowerranch.ca: 3.

Gemmell's Gardel Centre , Smiths

Falls, Ont.: 613-283-6371: gemmells

gardencentre.com: 3. Jade Gardens and

Greenhouses, Hornby, Ont.: 905-878-

0722: jadegardens.com: 1, 3. Oleander,

Etobicoke, Ont.; 877-778-7 716; oleander.

ca: florist's materials. PhoenIX Perennl~ls ,

Richmond, B.C.; 604-270-4133:

phoenixperennials.com: 1. 3. Plant World ,

Etobicoke, Ont.: 416-241-9174:

plantworld.net: 1. 3. Village Nursery,

Pleasantville, N.S.: 902-543 -5649;

villagenursery.net: 3. West Coast Seeds

Ltd . Delta, B.C.: 604-952-8820:

westcoastseeds.com : 2. Wild Things

Plant Farm . Clifford, Ont.; 519-338-

3228: wild-things.ca: 1.

TRUE COLOURS Page 58

KEY: 'Sright Lights': 1. 'Canary Yellow' : 2,

'Fordhook Giant': 3, 'Golden Sunrise' : 4.

'Green Perpetual': 5, 'Large White

Ribbed': 6, 'Lucullus': 7, 'Rhubarb Chard':

8, 'Silverado': 9

Dominion Seed House, Georgetown, Ont.:

800 -784-3037: dominion-seed -house.

com : 3. Halifax Seed Co. 11"1( ,Halifax:

902-454-7456. Also Saint John; 506-

633-2032: halilaxseed.com: 1. 7.8.

Johnny's Selected Seed~ , Winslow. Maine:

207-861- 3901: johnnyseeds.com: 1,3,

4,8. MckenZie Seeds, Brandon . Man. :

800 -665-6340; mckenzieseeds.com: 1,

3,8. OSC Sei!ds , Waterloo, Ont.: 519-

886-0557: oscseeds.com: 1. 3. 8. Prairie

Garden Seeds, Cochin. Sask.: 306-386-

2737: prseeds.ca: 7. Solana Seeds.

Repentigny. Que.: (no phone); http ://

solanaseeds.netfirms.com: 1,7. Stokes

Seeds Ltd , Thorold. Ont.; 800-396-

9238: stokeseeds.com: 1,6.8,9. T & T

Seeds ltd , Winnipeg: 204 -895-9964:

ttseeds.com : 1,5. Veseys ltd.,

Charlottetown: 800-363 -7333: veseys.

com: 3, 8, 9. West Coast Seeds Ltd ,

Delta, B.C.: 604 -952-8820; weslcoast

seeds.com: 1-3, 5, 8, 9. William Dam

Seeds, Dundas, Ont.: 905 -628-6641;

damseeds.com: 1. 5, 7-9. ::



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PLANTS CLASSIC MINIATURE ROSES & THE HEATHER FARM Over 300 hardy. easy 10 grow miniature roses for garden & container including micro·minis. cl imbers. mini· moss. Huge selection of heaths & heathers including new European introductions, Box 2206 Sardis Be V2R lA6. www.classicminiatureroses.com www.lhehealherfarm.com AliI gallon flowering Shrubs, evergreens, hostas, perennials. ornamental grasses and ferns $4.99 each Over 100.000 in stock, Nursery pick up only Northland Nursery, 722 5th Concession West. Waterdown. ON LOR 2H2 Ph: 19051689-5034 Hours available. directions. map at web: www.northlandnursery.com PEONIES! PivoinBs Capano· Specialty Peony cut fl owers from mid-June to mid-July and Peony roots in the fall Strong stemmed & winter hardy peony roots' intersectional hybrids/ltoh (yellows), herbaceous and species peonies. Over 450 varieties. Ship worldwide. www.pivoinescapano.com or phone/fax: 41B-545-4124 600 Hostas. 3200 daylilies. 30 liliums. 140 HeuchBr~ and much much more· shipped nationwide, hard copy lisllng on request. Tours and groups welcome by appointment. wholesale and reta il, See our on·line shopping cart; Betty & MalV Frell. Floral and Hardy Gardens. 6729 leslie Lane. Moorefield ON NOG 2KO: phone 519·63B·3937 fax 519·638·2348; Betry@floralandhardy,ca www.flofalandhardy.ca

GARDEN MARKERS Keep your garden organized with the strongest plant markers on the market. 100% stainless steel, 10 gauge. large diameter posts, removable captive plate that can't fal l off. American made. ready for shipment Available in 10", IS" and 20" lengths, Floral and Hardy, leslie lane. Moorefi eld ON NOG 2KO; phone 519-638-3937

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LILIES OIG YOUR OWN lilIES CLEARANCE SALE $2,00. Dayli lies $4.99. Betty and MalV Fretz. Floral and Hardy Gardens. 6729 leslie lane. ON .. NOO 2KO. phone 519· 638·3937 lax 519·638·2348, Betty@floralandhardy,ca www.floralandhardy.ca

WATER GARDEN Hydrosphere Waler Gardens & Fisheries Quality Japanese koi, butterfly koi and goldfish. lotus. water lil ies, marginals. pumps. liners, filters and much more. Your complete water garden centre, 2474 9th line. RRI2 Bradford, ON l3Z 2A5 Ph, 1905) 715·2447 Email: [email protected]: www.pondexperts.ca

GARDEN TOOLS www.riuenhouse.ca Fall is upon us1let Rittenhouse help with property clean up and winterizat ion before the snow begins to fly. We have a wide select ion of tools to help clean up the yard as well as prepare your gardens for the cold months ahead. Rittenhouse Since 1914, St Catharines. ON-Call us to iliree 1-877-468-1914 or shop online at www.ritlenhouse.ca Bob's Superstrong Plastic. We custom size l Pond liners & tarpaulins in clear, white. silver and black. Resists snowstorms, hai lstorms. ye llowing. cats, dogs. kids, ravens. and leaf burning. Vel'( strong & long life Samples & catalogue available. Ph: 204·327·5540 Fax: 204·327·5527 Box 1450 CA Altona, Manitoba, ROG OBO Daily, 6AM-8PM Central. Visit: www.northerngreenhouse.com

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Jim Hole ST. ALBERT, ALTA . Co-owner, Hole's Greenhouses

Us geeky guys in white lab coats who do all the scientific research behind growing, whether it's new varieties, pest

resistance, fragrance, whatever. We are the unsung heroes of the industry, as our knowledge goes from lab to greenhouse

and then to each of our own personal gardens.

Wilf Nicholls ST. JOH N '5 Director, Botanical Garden Memorial University of Newfoundland

My dad and I would listen to Percy Thrower on the BBC in the 1950s and '60s. He oozed love, passion and appreciation for garden plants and their environment. His stock answer to

listeners' problems was, "I think the answer lies in the soil." Did then, does now! He was a green movement unto himself.

Charlie Dobbin RICHMOND HILL, ONT. Owner, Garden Solutions by Charlie Dobbin

It used to be myoId textbooks, then other books and the Web. Now it's mostly my instinct. What has really changed for me is

the preponderance of gardening blogs. Reading about other gardeners' challenges helps me feel like I'm part of a larger

community, all finding our way together.

Albert Mondor MONTREAL Horticulturist, garden deSigner, writer and television host

I trust nature. Whenever I'm not sure what to do, I turn to nature for the answer. The more you observe, the less work

you have to do. Leaving autumn leaves where they lie, making compost, using native plants and attracting birds and

beneficial insects to my garden-they're all things I've learned.

Des Kennedy DENMAN ISLAND, B.C. Author

My partner is a devotee of West Coast gardening guru Brian Minter, whose call-in shows on the radio she

seldom misses. Whenever she tells me, "Brian says ... " I know better than to contradict. My acquiescence is less a

matter of unquestioning trust than of prudence. "

FAll 2009



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Canadian gardening 2009 Fall