CAFO Designs at Delaware Park

Prepared for:

October 24, 2006

NINTH ANNUAL WETLANDS & WATERSHEDS WORKSHOP

Design and Effects on Hydrology and Plant Diversity in Aquatic

Environments

Presented by Duffield Associates

Keith M. Horner, CCR

and

Al M.Demerich, R.L.A., A.S.L.A.

What is Delaware Park?

A multi-dimensional establishment featuring horse racing, casino slots, and an 18-hole

championship golf course located in Stanton, DE.

Located in the fall zone between the Piedmont and Coastal Plain, adjacent to the Mill Creek and White Clay Creek (Wild and Scenic River)

Mill Creek

White Clay Creek

Barns and Stables

Watersheds

Taken from NCC eParcelView Map

White Clay Creek

Christina River

Site

Delaware River

Red Clay Creek

White Clay Creek (Wild and Scenic River)

Comprehensive Approach to Stewardship

• Stream Restoration

• Reforestation

• Native meadows

• Green technology

CAFO

• Concentrated• Animal• Feeding • Operation

•Delaware’s program became effective on September 11, 2005, as required by the EPA under the Clean Water Act

•Primary goal is to eliminate the discharge of pollutants

•Delaware Park submitted an NOI to comply with CAFO regulations and completed implementation during the spring of 2006

Project Goals

A two-fold goal to address the concentration of non-point source pollution as a means to enhance watershed quality

• Treat run-off from daily equine operations and remove run-off from the stormwater system

• Direct stormwater run-off away from barns and stables

Equine Activity

Total

CapacityMarch-

MayJune-Oct

Nov Dec-Feb

1475 1000 1350 750Less than

100

In 2005, this generated 27,006,397 lbs of straw and wood shavings

Treating Daily Equine Operations

1. Wash stalls- carries run-off directly to the sewer system, bypassing the stormwater ditch system

2. Manure bins- carport roofing limits potential for nutrient run-off

Wash stalls

Concrete pads Drains directly to sewer system

Manure bins

Carport roofing system

Treating run-off from parking areas

• Rain gardens

• Bio-retention facility

Components of rain gardens

• Green technology BMP “best management practice”

• Grading

• Plant Material

Grading

• Reduces run-off velocity

• Heavier material settles out (sedimentation)

• Allows plant material more time for water uptake

• Helps remove excess nutrients and bacteria

Plant Material

• Native plant material

• Plugs vs seeds

• Acclimates and establishes quickly

• Limits erosion potential

• Reduces invasive species

Rendering designed by RLA

Before

Drainage ditches

Before (cont.)

Drainage ditch

Grading

Plant installations

Near Project Completion

Rain Event

Ponding water

First Growing Season

Sedimentation

Before and After

Before and After

An increased filtration area also helps to slow run-off velocities

Components of the Bioretention Facility

• Bioretention basin with 6” under drain pipe

• Bioretention media (equal parts sand, peat, triple-shredded hardwood mulch)

• Fore bay

• Dry detention pond

• Emergency Spillway into dry detention pond

Bioretention Construction

Excavation to subgrade

Geotextile fabric

Under drain pipe

Approximately 6” of clean stone

Geotextile placed over stone layer

Bioretention soil media

Place soil media using low-pressure track equipment

Storm water pipes leading to the fore bay

Storm water discharge into bioretention fore bay

Fore bay construction

Beginning plant installation

Fore bay discharge pipes

Mulching over soil media

Fore bay to bioretention basin

Near Project Completion

Conversion from an open field…

To a bioretention facility, improving water quality

Dry detention pond

Bioretention basin

Fore bay

June 26, 2006

Results

• The wash stalls and manure bin covers have generally met the intent of the CAFO regulation.

• Conclusive qualitative results for the rain gardens and bioretention facility are not yet available.

On behalf of Delaware Park

Special Thanks

• Environmental Protection Agency– Dave McGuigan, Chief of Water Compliance– Hank Zygmunt, Agricultural Specialist– Ashley Toy, Enforcement

• Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control– Peder Hansen, Chief of Water Discharges– Cheryl Gmuer, Inspector

• Delaware Department of Agriculture– Bill Rohrer, Nutrient Management Administrator

Questions?