Cac Phuong Phap Hoa Ben Be Mat

7/22/2019 Cac Phuong Phap Hoa Ben Be Mat

1/21

CHNG 7: CC PHN

7.1. BIN CNG B MT

7.1.1. Nguyn l

- L phng php bin dn

chiu su nht nh lm cho m

b bin cng, bn cn

a, nh ngha

Trn Th Quang B MN K THUT VT

m cao c n rong v n g b, c im

- Di tc dng ca ng sut

tng cng v tnh chng mi

- Lp b mt c ng sut nn- Lm mt i kh nhiu cc t

lm gim ngun gc sinh ra cc

PHP HO BN B MT

g lp b mt ca thp n mt

g tinh th ca lp ny b x lch

tng ln. Chi tit c cng b

LIU

c o.

khi bin dngd M lm

n cu b mt;

do vy tng gii gn bn mi;hng b mt nh vt kha, r

t nt mi.


2/21

7.1. BIN C

a, Phun bi

- Phun nhng ht lm bng

trng vi kch thc 0,51,5mm

n 50100m/s, chiu su ca l

7.1.2. Cc phng php bin c


-hp kim nhm: l xo treo, nhp

sau ca t, cc loi trc thanh t

NG B MT

thp l xo qua ti hay gang

ln b mt chi tit vi tc t

p ho bn t n 0,7mm.

ng b mt

LIU

t, bnh rng hp tc v cu

uyn. .v.v..


3/21

7.1.2. Cc phng p

b, Ln p

- Ln p c thc hin

nhiu bi hoc con ln p lc lnthu lc.

- Chiu su ca lp bin c

dng cho cc chi tit ln.


c, Dp

- L hnh thc bin dng b

lp trn my hoc thc hin bn

- Lp bin cng c th such to my ho bn cc ch

nn thu lc.

p bin cng b mt

trn my cn c g lp mt hay

chng l nh l xo hay h thng

ng b mt ti 15mm, thng p

LIU

t kim loi bng va p c g

tay.

ti 35mm, c p dng trongi tit ln ca thit b rn p, my


4/21

CHNG 7: CC PHN

7.2. TI B MT THP

7.2.1. Nguyn l chung

- L phng php nung nsu nht nh ln nhit ti,

khng c nung nng. Khi l

c ti cng cn li vn mm.


- p dng i vi thp Cacbo

Gm cc phng php sau:

- Nung nng bng dng in c

- Nung nng bng bng ngn l- Nung nng trong cht in p

- Nung nng trong mui hoc

PHP HO BN B MT

g tht nhanh b mt vi chiukhi phn ln tit din (li)

ngui nhanh ch c b mt

LIU

n trung bnh 0,350,55%C

m ng c tn s cao;

a hn hp khAxetylen Oxy;n;

im loi nng chy.


5/21

7.2. TI B

7.2.2. Ti bng dng in cm

- Da trn hin tng cm

a, Nguyn l nung nng b m

- Chiu su ca lp b mt

in chy qua t l nghch v


: chiu su lp b mt c mt

: in tr sut ca kim loi nun: t thm ca kim loi nung

f: tn s ca dng in Hz.

5030

MT THP

ng c tn s cao

g in t

t

Hnh 4.21

c dng

i tn s f

LIU

dng in cm ng cao, cm;

g, .cm; m/A;

f.


6/21

7.2.2. Ti bng dng i

b, Chn tn s v thit b

- Tn s dng in quyt quyt nh chiu su lp ti

- Thng chn din tch l

- Chiu dy lp ti tng


su t nh sau:= 45mm cnf= 2500

= 12mm cnf= 66000

cm ng c tn s cao

nh chiu dy lp nung nng docng;

ti cng bng 20% tit din;

g vi thit b c tn s v cng

LIU

8000Hz, P100kW;

250000Hz, P = 50100kW.


7/21

7.2.2. Ti bng dng i

c, Cc phng php ti

- Nung nng ri lm ngui

b mt ti nh;- Nung nng ri lm ngui t

dng khi ti bnh rng, trc kh

- Nung nng ri lm ngui li


cc chi tit di.

cm ng c tn s cao

ton b mt, p dng cho cc

un t tng phn ring bit, p

u;

n tc lin tip, p dng i vi

LIU


8/21

7.2.2. Ti bng dng i

d, T chc v tnh cht ca th

* T chc

- Nhit chuyn bin ph

ti phi ly cao hn so vi

2000C;


-nhanh, thi gian chuyn ngn

cMrt nh mn;

- m bo ht nh sau

phi c nhit luyn ti + rakhi ti cm ng l b mt M h

cm ng c tn s cao

p sau khi ti cm ng

Ac1, Ac3nng cao ln do vy

i th tch thng thng l 100

LIU

htnh mn nn sau khi ti

khi ti cm ng trc thp

cao thnhXram t chc sauh kim nh mn liXram.


9/21

7.2.2. Ti bng dng i

* C tnh- Sau khi ti cm ng thp c

+ B mt cng t 55

+ Li do dai khong 20

+ Lp b mt chu ng su


+ Va chu c ma st,

v va dp cao, rt thch hp

trc khuu,

+ Chu mi cao;+ Chu un, xon tt.

cm ng c tn s cao

c tnh l:

62HRC;

0HRC;

t nn d c th ti 800N/mm2.

LIU

i mn va chu ti trng tnh

i bnh rng trc truyn, cht


10/21

7.2.2. Ti bng dng i

e, u, nhc im* u im

-Nng sutcaodo thi gian-Cht lng tt: trnh thot cacbon, bin dng th

- D c kh ho, t ng hoTi cm n c n


lot ln cho cc chi tit m b

* Nhc im- Kh p dng cho cc chi

din thay i t ngt;

- Khi sn xut n chic hn7.2.3. Ti bng ngn la

- Tham kho

cm ng c tn s cao

nng ngn;cc khuyt tt nh xy ho,;.r n ri tron sn xut hn

LIU 1

t khng qu phc tp.

it c hnh dng phc tp, tit

g lot nh, tnh kinh t thp.

CHNG 7 CC PHN

PHP HO BN B MT


11/21

CHNG 7: CC PHN

7.3. HO NHIT LUN

7.3.1. Nguyn l chung

- Ho nhit luyn l phng

ho nguyn t ho hc vo b

a, nh ngha v mc ch


tn trng thi nguyn t tnhit cao, lm thay i

bin i t chc v tnh cht c

nh.

PHP HO BN B MT

php nhit luyn nh thm, bo

t ca thp bng cch khuch

LIU 1

i trng bn ngoi vo v hnh phn ho hc do lm

a lp b mt theo mc ch


12/21

7.3.1. Nguy

Mc ch:

+ Nng cao cng, tnh tr

chi tit vi hiu qu cao so vNi-t, Cacbon Nit;

+ Nng cao tnh chng nthm Crm, Al, Si.


b, Cc giai on ho nhit luyKhi tin hnh ho nhit luy

mi trng (rn, lng, hoc

nguyn t hoc nguyn t c

nng n nhit thch hp.

ra nh sau:

n l chung

ng mi mn v bn mi ca

i ti b mt nh thm Cacbon,

mn in ho v ho hc nh

LIU 1

nn ngi ta t chi tit thp vo

kh) c kh nng phn ho ra

n thm (khuych tn) ri nung

Cc giai on ni tip nhau xy


13/21

7.3.1. Nguy

+ Phn ho:

-L qu trnh phn tch ph

nguyn t cn nh thm.

+ Hp th:

- L giai on nguyn t ho


vi n ng cao, to ra chli.

+ Khuych tn:

- L giai on nguyn t h

bn trong theo c ch khuyc

su nht nh.

n l chung

t, to nn nguyn t hot ca

t c hp th vo b mt thp

LIU 1

h lch n ng gia b mt v

t lp hp th s i su vo

tn, to nn lp thm vi chiu

7 3 1 N

l h


14/21

7.3.1. Nguy

c, nh hng ca nhit v t+ Nhit

- Nhit cng cao, chuycng mnh, tc khuychchng t chiu su quy nh.


+ Thi gian

- nhit c nh, ko dchiu su lp thm;

- Chiu su lp thm ph th

n l chung

i gian

n ng nhit ca nguyn tn cng ln, lp thm cng

LIU 1

i thi gian cng gip nng cao

uc vo thi gian theo quan h:

7 3 HO N

HIT LUN


15/21

7.3. HO N

7.3.2. Thm Cacbon

+nh ngha- L phng php ho n

khuych tn) Cacbon vo b

0,25%C) lm b mt c thnh p

a, nh ngha v mc ch


+Mc ch-Lm cho b mt t cn

mi mn cao, chu mi tt, cn

HRC 3040.

+Yu cu i vi lp thm-i vi b mt: Lng Cac

- i vi li c t chc ht nh

HIT LUN

it luyn lm bo ho (thm,

t ca thp Cacbon thp (0,1

n Cacbon cao ti 1,2%C.

u cu i vi lp thm

LIU 1

g ti HRC 6064 vi tnh chng

li vn do v dai vi cng

on t c t 0,81,0%;

, khng cFt do, HRC 3040.

7 3 2 Th C b


16/21

7.3.2. Th

b, Nhit v thi gian thm

* Nhit thm

Thng thng ly nhit thm+ i vi thp bn cht ht

+ i vi thp bn cht ht

*


Thi gian thm ph thuc vo h

+ Chiu su thm;

- Cc mc thm: 0,50,8; 0,

- i vi bnh rng chiu su

2,0 m

x

Cacbon

acbon

Cacbon l 9009500C:nh T0t= 9309500C;

to T0t= 9009200C.

LIU 1

i yu t sau:

1,4; 1,51,8;

lp thm c tnh nh sau:

3, m- m unca rng

7 3 2 Th Cacbon


17/21

7.3.2. Th

+ Tc thm;

- Ph thuc vo mi trng t

Nhit thmCacbon

0C

Thi gian gi n

0,4 0,8

870 3,5 7


900930

950

980

3,02,75

2,0

1,5

65

4

3

- Theo kinh nghim, nu th(gm c thi gian nng v gicho 0,1 mm chiu su lp thm.

Cacbon

m v nhit thm

it (gi) theo chiu dy lp thm

1,2 1,6 2,0 2,4

10 13 16 19

LIU 1

86,5

5

4

108

6

5

129,5

7

6

1411

8,5

7

m 9000C th thi gian thmhit) c tnh theo mc 1 gi

7 3 2 Th Cacbon


18/21

7.3.2. Th

c, Cht thm v qu trnh xy

* Cht thm th rn

- Cht thm ch yu l than2C +O2 2C

2CO CO2


to thnh lp thm.

Cng.t + Fe(Cc im:

+ Thi gian di, kh c

+ Cht lng thp, ht

Cacbon

a

.O

Cng.t

LIU 1

) F e(C)0,10,8(1,21,3)

kh ho;

ln, gin, d trc.

7 3 2 Th

Cacbon


19/21

7.3.2. Th

* Cht thm th kh- Cht thm ch yu l CO v

CH4 2H4+ CnC nguyn t c hp th v

to thnh lp thm.

c im:


+ C kh ho v t n

+ Cht lng tt, nng

* Cht thm th lng

- Cht thm ch yu l cc muHin nay phng php ny

nng sut thp.

Cacbon

CH4, C2H6hoc du ho,...

.t

khuych tn vo b mt thp

LIU 1

ho cao;

sut cao.

i Na2CO3, NaCl, SiC.dng v SiC c, kh thao tc,

7 3 2 Th Cacbon


20/21

7.3.2. Th

d, Nhit luyn sau thm

- Chi tit sau khi thm Cacbo

cao nhng cng v tnh cthp gin.

- Sau khi thm Cacbon cn p

+ Ti hai ln v ram mt thp;


+ Ti mt ln v ram thp;+ Thng ho ri ti mt.

Cacbon

c thnh phn Cacbon b mt

ng mi mn cha cao ht ln,

hi qua cc dng nhit luyn sau:

LIU 2

7 3 2 Th Cacbon


21/21

7.3.2. Th

e, Cng dng

- Chi tit thm qua Cacbon

gia b mt v li nn ch p d

- Thm Cacbon lm thay i

- p dng cho cc chi tit c


chung u;- To ra ng sut nn d b

7.3.3. Cc phng php thm

- Thm Nit- Thm Nit - Cacbon

- Thm khc: Thm Bo, Cr,

Cacbon

c s khc nhau ln v c tnh

g cho cc chi tit quan trng;

thnh phn lp b mt;

hinh dng bt k v lp thm ni

LIU 2

mt nn nng cao gii hn mi.

hc

l, Si.

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Cac Phuong Phap Hoa Ben Be Mat