C4ISR and Information C4ISR and Information WarfareWarfare

Naval Weapons SystemsNaval Weapons Systems

Putting It All Together - CPutting It All Together - C44IISRSR

Command

Control

Communications

Computers

Intelligence

C4ISRSurveillance Reconnaissance

Why We Need CWhy We Need C44ISRISR

Faster response times required.

Joint Operations require high levels of coordination.

More sophisticated weapons require more information.

Functions of CFunctions of C44II Creates a common tactical Creates a common tactical

picture.picture. Ensures all information is Ensures all information is available to operators & available to operators & commanders.commanders.

Ensures connectivityEnsures connectivity and and information exchange.information exchange.

Directly links the sensor to the Directly links the sensor to the shootershooter..

Supports and uses information Supports and uses information warfarewarfare (IW). (IW).

C4ISR Supports At All LevelsC4ISR Supports At All Levels

WatchstandersWatchstanders Composite Warfare CommanderComposite Warfare Commander Commander of the JTFCommander of the JTF The Shore CommandersThe Shore Commanders

Command and Control WarfareCommand and Control Warfare

Objectives:1. Defeat the enemy by destroying its C2W

systems.

2. Separate the enemy’s command structure

from its forces.

3. Protect one’s own C2W forces.

4. Connect commanders and forces.

Tools to Achieve C2W Tools to Achieve C2W ObjectivesObjectives

Operational SecurityOperational Security Military DeceptionMilitary Deception Psychological Psychological

OperationsOperations Electronic WarfareElectronic Warfare Physical DestructionPhysical Destruction

C2W Decision Making CycleC2W Decision Making Cycle

Observe

Orient

Decide

Act

(OODA loop)

IntelligenceIntelligence

““There are 3 kinds of people: those There are 3 kinds of people: those who can count & those who can't”who can count & those who can't”

IntelligenceIntelligence

Product of collecting, exploiting, processing, integrating, analyzing and interpretinginformation.

Types:1. Strategic Intelligence2. Operational Intelligence3. Tactical Intelligence

Function of IntelligenceFunction of Intelligence

Prepare the Battle spacePrepare the Battle space• Define environment or physical Define environment or physical

characteristics.characteristics.• Evaluate the threat and determine Evaluate the threat and determine

threat’s course of action.threat’s course of action. Provide Early WarningProvide Early Warning Evaluate the situation (current Evaluate the situation (current

actions & changes)actions & changes)

Function of Intelligence cont.Function of Intelligence cont.

Identify and Target the Enemy’s Identify and Target the Enemy’s VulnerabilitiesVulnerabilities

Assess Battle Damage (own and Assess Battle Damage (own and enemy’s)enemy’s)

Manage Intelligence InformationManage Intelligence Information Prevent Enemy’s Intelligence Prevent Enemy’s Intelligence

Efforts (Offensive & Defensive)Efforts (Offensive & Defensive)

Information Warfare (IW)Information Warfare (IW)

IW is action taken to preserve the integrityof own information systems from exploitation, disruption, and destruction while achieving an information advantage over the enemy.

IW ToolsIW Tools

Surveillance SystemsSurveillance Systems• SatellitesSatellites• EW and SIGINTEW and SIGINT• HUMINTHUMINT

Communications SystemsCommunications Systems Tactical NetworkTactical Network

• ComputersComputers• Database management Database management

Offensive - OpportunitiesOffensive - Opportunities

Degrade or exploit enemy’s Degrade or exploit enemy’s collection or use of informationcollection or use of information• ““Antihead” – traditional means of Antihead” – traditional means of

removing commander or command removing commander or command centercenter

• ““Antineck” – nontraditional method of Antineck” – nontraditional method of cutting enemy’s communicationscutting enemy’s communications

Defensive - VulnerabilitiesDefensive - Vulnerabilities

Protection of our ability to conduct Protection of our ability to conduct information operationsinformation operations• Physical securityPhysical security• EncryptionEncryption• AntivirusAntivirus• Secure data transmissionsSecure data transmissions

Navy Tactical Data System Navy Tactical Data System (NTDS)(NTDS)

Link 11

Link 14

Link 4AEarly Warning Aircraft

InterceptorInterceptor

NTDS Ship

NTDS ShipNon-NTDS Ship

Link 11

Link 4A

Advanced Combat Direction Advanced Combat Direction SystemSystem

Follow on to NTDSFollow on to NTDS Incorporates various Incorporates various

communication circuits into one communication circuits into one unified systemunified system

Communications SecurityCommunications Security

Protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information and the possession of telecommunications data. Called CMS.

Crypto SecurityTransmission SecurityEmission SecurityPhysical Security

Elements:

ComputersComputers

Information Management – ensures Information Management – ensures quality of informationquality of information• Sort, process, organize, correlate, and Sort, process, organize, correlate, and

disseminate informationdisseminate information Real timeReal time

Computer RequirementsComputer Requirements

Blend critical tactical, operational, Blend critical tactical, operational, and administrative dataand administrative data

Deliver rapid information to Deliver rapid information to operational commandersoperational commanders

Multimedia format (to suit)Multimedia format (to suit) Standardized equipmentStandardized equipment Standardized hardware Standardized hardware

(upgrade/additions)(upgrade/additions)

Space and EWSpace and EW

Space DominanceSpace Dominance• Integral to strategic and tactical Integral to strategic and tactical

command and control architecturecommand and control architecture• How is C4I delivered?How is C4I delivered?

OpportunitiesOpportunities• Communication Communication

UHF Satellite – nav, surveillance, ID, trackUHF Satellite – nav, surveillance, ID, track SHF/EHF Satellite – scintillationSHF/EHF Satellite – scintillation

• Sensing/SurveillanceSensing/Surveillance Missile attack warning (IR sensors)Missile attack warning (IR sensors)

Mission PlanningMission Planning

Meteorological dataMeteorological data Preview Preview lay of the landlay of the land

• TerrainTerrain• Ocean depthOcean depth• Shoreline characteristicsShoreline characteristics• Vehicle/aircraft/ship locationsVehicle/aircraft/ship locations

Questions?Questions?