By: Kerry GiordanoBy: Kerry Giordano

Thurgood Marshall Fundamental Thurgood Marshall Fundamental MiddleMiddle

By: Kerry GiordanoBy: Kerry Giordano

Thurgood Marshall Fundamental Thurgood Marshall Fundamental MiddleMiddle

The Client-Patron SystemThe Client-Patron System• Network of reciprocal Network of reciprocal

relationships relationships institutionalized by institutionalized by Roman customRoman custom

• The duties of the ClientThe duties of the Client• The obligations of the The obligations of the

PatronPatron• Patron-client Patron-client

relationships endured relationships endured over generations in over generations in many cases and many cases and sometimes across milessometimes across miles

• Reflects the central Reflects the central Roman value of fidelityRoman value of fidelity

Law and OrderLaw and Order• Senators carry weightSenators carry weight• Crime common – Crime common –

murder, assault, stealingmurder, assault, stealing• Police patrol rich onlyPolice patrol rich only• Some streets closed at Some streets closed at

nightnight• Anyone can accuse Anyone can accuse

anyone of a crime!anyone of a crime!• Poor often harsher Poor often harsher

punishmentspunishments

The Role of ReligionThe Role of Religion• Roman gods: stern, Roman gods: stern,

powerful and aloofpowerful and aloof• No formal priesthood—No formal priesthood—

role of aristocratsrole of aristocrats

----pax deorumpax deorum• The The Pontifex MaximusPontifex Maximus

and his board of priestsand his board of priests• The role of religious The role of religious

festivals and foreign festivals and foreign cultscults

--The Festival of --The Festival of LupercaliaLupercalia

• Except Except mostmost religions- religions- no conflict with emperorno conflict with emperor

Roman Religion (cont)Roman Religion (cont)• Three central gods: Three central gods:

Jupiter, Juno and Jupiter, Juno and MinervaMinerva

• Main role of the gods Main role of the gods was protection and was protection and provision – oversee provision – oversee daily lifedaily life

• The shrine of Vesta and The shrine of Vesta and the Vestal Virgins – offer the Vestal Virgins – offer cakes on the hearthcakes on the hearth

• Household shrines: Household shrines: Penates Penates and and LaresLares

• Roman belief in a Roman belief in a multitude of spiritsmultitude of spirits

Power in the Roman FamilyPower in the Roman Family• A Patriarchal Society: A Patriarchal Society:

““Patria Potestas” Patria Potestas” (Power of a Father)(Power of a Father)

• Father assumed the Father assumed the power of life and death power of life and death over his familyover his family

• Roman fathers Roman fathers conferred with a conferred with a “council” of friends“council” of friends

• Women living in the Women living in the shadow of men – shadow of men – wealthy can own wealthy can own propertyproperty

• The power and duties of The power and duties of womenwomen--Tullia--Tullia

Power in the Roman Family (cont)Power in the Roman Family (cont)• The lot of poor The lot of poor

women - HARDwomen - HARD• The indirect political The indirect political

impact of womenimpact of women• A day in the life of a A day in the life of a

Roman householdRoman household--Began the day --Began the day earlyearly--Main meal at --Main meal at middaymidday--An agricultural --An agricultural economy and economy and practicespractices

Goals of Roman Education for Public LifeGoals of Roman Education for Public Life

• Only strong babies keptOnly strong babies kept• Poor – home school until 6/7Poor – home school until 6/7• Naming Ceremony – Bulla (boys)Naming Ceremony – Bulla (boys)• Boys: 14-18 Manhood ceremony Boys: 14-18 Manhood ceremony • Study- Latin, Greek, math, science, lit, music, Study- Latin, Greek, math, science, lit, music,

public speakingpublic speaking• Education of girls – dentist, Education of girls – dentist, Real estate, tutors, midwivesReal estate, tutors, midwives• Girls:12-18 marriedGirls:12-18 married

Roman Food and DrinkRoman Food and Drink

• Wealthy – kitchens vs. Poor – grillsWealthy – kitchens vs. Poor – grills• Thermopolia = “fast food”Thermopolia = “fast food”• Bread, beans, spices, few veggies, cheese, water, Bread, beans, spices, few veggies, cheese, water,

meat, etc.meat, etc.• Market = exotic animals – anything for $$Market = exotic animals – anything for $$• Breakfast = bread, beans or porridgeBreakfast = bread, beans or porridge• Lunch = cheese/bread and maybe olives/celeryLunch = cheese/bread and maybe olives/celery• Dinner = Dinner =

– Poor = fish, asparagus, figPoor = fish, asparagus, fig– Wealthy = honey roasted parrots, date stuffing, salted jellyfish, Wealthy = honey roasted parrots, date stuffing, salted jellyfish,

snails in milk!snails in milk!

• Wealthy – stone/marble, atrium, couches, Wealthy – stone/marble, atrium, couches, mosaicsmosaics

• Poor – apartment buildings, grills, cramped, Poor – apartment buildings, grills, cramped, noisy, dirtynoisy, dirty

Roman HousesRoman Houses

• Public Baths Public Baths - for everyone- for everyone- swim, bathe, exercise, massage- swim, bathe, exercise, massage- libraries, shops, art, gardens- libraries, shops, art, gardens

• Bread and Circuses (poor) = freeBread and Circuses (poor) = free- gladiators – bloody!- gladiators – bloody!- Circus Maximus – chariots – men and women - Circus Maximus – chariots – men and women

can can sit together!sit together!

Roman RecreationRoman Recreation

• 90% of people live in the country90% of people live in the country• Wealthy = villas – raise crops/livestockWealthy = villas – raise crops/livestock• Farms = grains, grapes, olives, goats, sheep, cattle, pigs, Farms = grains, grapes, olives, goats, sheep, cattle, pigs,

beesbees• Slaves = most of the work!Slaves = most of the work!• Non-slaves = huts, tiny farm or labor on estatesNon-slaves = huts, tiny farm or labor on estates

Roman Country LifeRoman Country Life