OFF-Grid Telecom Station

By: Chris Hickey, Ian Antolik, Raimondo DeVincentis

Task Description Design Approach Going Green? Design Matrix Design Specs The Hut Overall Design Conclusion

Table of Contents

Problem◦ Population of Wiruca, Nicaragua

needs a more reliable and efficient cell phone service

Task◦ Designing a system to power

telecom towers in an off-grid application utilizing the GE sodium metal halide battery at a low cost, while minimizing environmental impact.

Task Description

Disposable income of $10/month/family◦ Cost efficient service

No Electricity◦ Need for off-grid power source

Current cell phone tower/system cost: $300,000-$500,000 per tower/equipment and $90,000 for the energy system

1.7 Cordobas/hr for electricity Mountainous area

◦ Not suitable for wind power Claro-cell phone service provider

Design Approach

Because of the need for power from and the requirement for an off-grid application, green energy is the best option because of its sustainability and eco-friendliness.

Initial costs of green energy systems are higher, but have a greater return in the time-value of money.

Going Green?

Selection Criteria Wind/Generator Solar/Generator Wind/Solar/Generator Wind/No Generator Solar/No Generator Wind/Solar/No GeneratorCost Effectiveness + 0 0 + - 0

EcoFriendly 0 0 0 + + +Profitable (dump energy) + + + 0 - 0

Ease of Use - - - 0 + -Sustainability 0 0 0 + + +

Practicality - 0 - - + -Solution

Pluses 2 1 1 3 4 2Minuses 2 1 2 1 2 2Sames 2 4 3 2 0 2Net 0 0 -1 2 2 0Rank 2 2 3 1 1 2Continue? yes no no yes yes no

Design Matrix

Decision Matrix

Concepts

Wind/Generator Wind/No Generator Solar/No Generator

Selection Criteria Weight Rating Weighted Score Rating Weighted Score Rating Weighted Score

Cost Effectiveness 0.25 5 1.25 4 1 3 0.75

EcoFriendly 0.2 2 0.4 5 1 5 1

Profitable (dump energy) 0.05 4 0.2 5 0.25 3 0.15

Ease of Use 0.15 2 0.3 3 0.45 5 0.75

Sustainability 0.2 2 0.4 4 0.8 4 0.8

Practicality 0.15 1 0.15 1 0.15 5 0.75

Total Score 2.7 3.65 4.2

Rank 3 2 1

Continue? no no Develop

9 kW photovoltaic array 33 kWh battery capacity

Design Specs

GE Stand-alone Cell Tower Analysis developed by Andy Lau and EDSGN 100.018

PV Array Size 9kwController efficiency 0.97

Turbine Efficiency 0.4

from 0.20 to 0.65

Turbine diameter 0ftBattery charging efficiency 0.97

Generator effiency 0.250.20-0.30

Battery Capacity (effective) 33kwh

Battery discharging efficiency 0.92

5.50kwh/m2-dayMax 1148.0 32.0 25.7Min 0.0 6.0 0.0Avg 229.1 17.8 1.8

6371 40Managua Sum (kwh)

Turbine output

PV output

Generator

Turb

ine

outp

ut

PV o

utpu

t

Gener

ator

Dump

05,000

10,00015,00020,000

Turbine output 0 kwhPV output 18,062 kwh

Generator output 0 kwhGenerator fuel 0 galGenerator hours 0 hrDump energy 4,463 kwh

Heating and ventilation of hut◦ qs+qm+qso=qw+qf+qvo-qvi

◦ 90W +750W+134250W=-12416W-934W-9373606W+X

◦ X=9522046W=9025BTU Need for a 10000BTU a/c unit Materials accounted for include:

◦ Studs, drywall, asphalt shingles, metal storm door

The Hut

Overall Design

Cell Phone Tower

Solar Panel

Hut

Use efficient solar power Use cheap, but effective building materials Cost analysis

◦ Solar panels: $27,323◦ Light bulbs: $15◦ a/c unit: $300◦ Batteries: unknown◦ Building materials: $13,000◦ Dump energy sales: $14/year◦ Equivalent telecom equipment/tower: $300,000-

$500,000 Provides cheap, green energy in an off-grid

application to the people of Wiruca

Conclusion

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