Broadband Servies and Access Technologies- An Overview

8/8/2019 Broadband Servies and Access Technologies- An Overview

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Internet/Broadband-anoverview

Faculty of Network Planning

ALTTC, Ghaziabad.


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ALTTC/DX/IBB_OV/AKN 2

Brief History of the Internet

1968 - DARPA (Defense Advanced Research ProjectsAgency) contracts with BBN (Bolt, Beranek & Newman)to create ARPAnet

1970 - First five nodes: UCLA Stanford UC Santa Barbara U of Utah, and BBN

1974 - TCP specification by Vint Cerf 1984 On January 1, the Internet with its 1000

hosts converts en masse to using TCP/IP for itsmessaging


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Evolution of the Internet

1945 1995

Memex

Conceived

1945

WWW

Created

1989

MosaicCreated

1993

A

MathematicalTheory of

Communication

1948

Packet

Switching

Invented

1964

Silicon

Chip

1958

First Vast

Computer

Network

Envisioned

1962

ARPANET

1969

TCP/IP

Created

1972

Internet

Named

and

Goes

TCP/IP

1984

Hypertext

Invented

1965

Age of

eCommerce

Begins1995


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Internet Growth Trends

1977: 111 hosts on Internet 1981: 213 hosts

1983: 562 hosts

1984: 1,000 hosts

1986: 5,000 hosts

1987: 10,000 hosts

1989: 100,000 hosts

1992: 1,000,000 hosts

2001: 150 175 million hosts

2002: over 200 million hosts By 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet


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Growth of Internet Hosts *

Sept. 1969 - Sept. 2002

0

50,000,000

100,000,000

150,000,000

200,000,000

250,000,000

9/69

01/71

01/73

01/74

01/76

01/79

08/81

08/83

10/85

11/86

07/88

01/89

10/89

01/91

10/91

04/92

10/92

04/93

10/93

07/94

01/95

01/96

01/97

01/98

01/99

01/01

08/02

Time Period

No.o

fHosts

Sept. 1, 2002

Dot-Com Bust Begins


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Internet Users-Region Wise

0

5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

AFR AS I EU R ME N A L A OC E

2000

2004


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Growth Rate % (2000-2004)

0

5 0

1 0 0

1 5 0

2 0 0

AFR AS I E U R ME N A L A OC E



Internet Access-World Share

AFR1%

ASI31%

EUR

28%

ME2%

NA

29%

LA

7%

OCE

2%



Internet Penetration %

0

2 0

4 0

6 0

8 0

1 0 0

U S A U K AU S S -K R S W D S W Z R OW



Internet (Penetration% - Asia%)

0

1 0

2 0

3 0

4 0

5 0

6 0

7 0

C H N IN D JAP N PL PAK SGP SR L

Penetration %

Asia %

1.

57

.2



Internet Users-2000 & 2004

0

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

C H N IN D J AP N P L P AK S G P S R L

2000

2004

5

,000

,000

16

,580

,000



Growth Rate % (2000-2004)

0

2 00

4 00

6 00

8 00

1 0 0 0

1 2 0 0

C H N IN D JAP N PL PAK SGP SR L

%G

rowth

231

.6


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Broadband Policy-2004

Broadband connectivity as defined inBroadband policy-2004 is an alwayson data connection that is able to

support interactive services includingInternet access and has the capabilityof minimum download speed of 256

kbps to an individual subscriber fromthe POP of the service provider


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Broadband Policy-2004

Salient Features:

De-licensing of 2.40-2.48 Ghz band for outdoorlow output

Enabling VSAT operators to transmit data up to 2Mbps (At present 512 Kbps in CUG domesticnetwork)

Allowing DTH operators to give one way Internetfacility. For bi-directional VSAT license will be

required. BSNL & MTNL to utilise copper and allowing them

to enter into arrangement with private players toutilise copper and content creation


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Broadband Services

High speed Internet Access

Video-on-Demand

Interactive Games Share market dealing & personal

banking

News, travel & leisure information Music/Movie Download

Chatrooms & newsgroups


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Broadband Services

E-mail & instant messaging

Personal websites and onlinemagazines

Educational materials & researchresources

Tele-medicine

Work at home

Internet radio & webcast concerts


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Broadband Users

There are about 100 millionBroadband subscriber worldwide andare increasing by about 2,00,000

every month Asia Pacific 45%

USA 30%

Europe, Middle East & Africa 25%


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Broadband Penetration %

0

5

10

1520

25

30

IND MAL CHN KOR

0.02 0.4

1.4

25


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Internet v Broadband Subs inIndia

0

10

20

30

40

2005 2007 2010

Internet Subs

Broadband Subs

6M

3M

18M

9M

40M

20M


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Broadband Technologies

Broadband Technologies

Wireless

3G Mobile

Wireline

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

LMDS & MMDS

FSO (Free Space Optics)

Satellite

DSL (Digital Subs Line)

Cable Modem

Optical Fibre Technologies

PLC (Power LineCommunication)

WiMAX


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Wireless LAN Standards

Standard Data Rate(Max.)

Distance Frequency

IEEE 802.11a 54 Mbps 50 Meters 5.0 GHz

IEEE 802.11b

(Wi-Fi)

11 Mbps 100 Meters 2.4 GHz

IEEE 802.11g

(Backwardcompatiable

with 802.11b)


HiperLAN2

(ETSI Standard)



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Broadband WirelessTechnologies

3G Mobile

Based on WCDMA & CDMA

Supports data rates

144 kbps for outdoor mobile environment 384 kbps in low mobility environment

2 mbps in indoor environment

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

Wireless LAN with Broadband option Most widely used LAN standard (IEEE 802.11b)

Uses 2.4 Ghz band & delivers 11 mbps of dataover distances of 100 meters


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WiMAX-Worldwide interoperability forMicrowave Access IEEE 802.16 standard defines the

Wireless MAN air interface specification Complements Wi-Fi by providing wirelessbroadband backhaul to 802.11 hotspotsand last mile

Service area range of 50 kms Provides shared data rates up to 70 mbps

in 2-11 Ghz band


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LMDS & MMDS

Provides point-to-multipoint two way broadbandservice

LMDS-Local Multipoint Distribution System Operates in various bands such as 10.5 Ghz (8 kms)

and 26 & 28 Ghz (3 kms)

Provides various interfaces at user end like E1, 4xE1,10/100 BaseT Ethernet etc.

MMDS-Multichannel Multipoint DistributionSystem Operates in 2-3 Ghz (20-40 kms radius)

Provides high speed data rates upto 10 Mbps


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FSO (Free Space Optics)

Also known as FSP (Free Space Photonics)or Optical wireless

Enables optical transmission of datathrough open space at near infraredwavelengths (Tera Hz)

Offers 10 Mbps-2 Gbps over fewkilometers


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Satellite

Uses VSAT (very Small Aperture Terminals) &DTH (Direct To Home) terminals

C, Ku & Ka bands are used for servicesinvolving fixed terminals

L band is used for mobile services

Offers data rates 9.6 Kbps for a handheld

terminal and 60 Mbps for a fixed VSAT terminal Future will support up to 155 Mbps


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Broadband WirelineTechnologies

DSL-Digital Subscriber line

Technology for high bandwidth to homeand small businesses over ordinary

copper telephone lines Achievable data rate depends on the

distance and cable impairments


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DSL Technologies

Technology ITU-TStandard

Distance Downstream

Data Rate

Upstream

Data Rate

ADSL G-992.1 3.5 Kms 8 Mbps 640 Kbps

Splitterless ADSL G-992.2 4.0 Kms 1.5 Mbps 512 KbpsADSL-

Extended Bandwidth

G-992.5 1.5 Kms 16 Mbps 100 Kbps

2 Wire High-SpeedDSL

G-991.2 3.0 Kms 2312 Kbps 2312 Kbps

4 Wire High-SpeedDSL

G-991.2 3.0 Kms 4624 Kbps 4624 Kbps

Very High-speed DSL G-993.1 300 Mts 52 Mbps 6-26 Mbps

- -


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Cable Modem

Allows high speed access to the Internetvia a cable television network

Uses cable modem technology throughthe use of Set-Top-Box at the customerpremises


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Optical Fibre Technologies

Optical fibre with its unmatched capacityto carry enormous amount of information

over unlimited distances can be deployedfor broadband access in: PON (Passive Optical Network)

FTTH (Fibre-To-The-Home)

FTTC (Fibre-To-The-Curb)

HFC (Hybrid Fibre Co-axial)


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PLC-Power Line Communication Also referred as BPL (Broadband over

Power Lines)

Can provide broadband Internet accessthrough ordinary power lines

Most extensive networks in the world,surpassing the phone network as well as

the cable network in size and coverage Suffers from technological challenges due

to interference with noise, radio andtelevision etc.


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Broadband Servies and Access Technologies- An Overview