Upload
megan
View
57
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
BRAZILIAN INTERNET GOVERNANCE MODEL. Hartmut Glaser Executive Coordinator Brazilian Internet Steering Committee [email protected]. HISTORY First Network Connection (Bitnet) => October 88 Delegation of the “.br” Zone => April 89 First Internet TCP/IP Connection => January 91 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
3
BRAZILIAN INTERNET
GOVERNANCE MODEL
Hartmut Glaser
Executive CoordinatorBrazilian Internet Steering Committee
HISTORY
• First Network Connection (Bitnet) => October 88
• Delegation of the “.br” Zone => April 89
• First Internet TCP/IP Connection => January 91
• Definition of the Domain Names Structure => May 91
• Commercial Operation of the Internet => January 95
• Creation of ‘Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil’ => May 95
• Automatization of ‘Registro.br’ Services => October 97
• NAP Facilities in São Paulo => November 1997
STATISTICS
Internet Users (%) in Brazil
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 19970,00 0,00 0,01 0,03 0,04 0,11 0,47 0.82
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002* 2003** 2004** 1,51 2,08 2,94 4,66 8,22 12,00 15,00
* Until 2002 – data from UN-Statistics Division** 2003 and 2004 - estimate
TOTAL HOSTS = 380.000.000 (April/2005)
1. .net 141.788.322 Networks 2. .com 106.658.870 Commercial 3. .jp 19.668.895 Japan 1.4. .it 9.398.958 Italy 2.5. .edu 9.238.213 Educational 6. .nl 8.458.045 Netherlands 3.7. .de 6.264.784 Germany 4.8. .fr 5.127.240 France 5.9. .au 4.906.182 Australia 6.10. .uk 4.302.225 United Kingdom 7.11. .ca 4.260.553 Canada 8.12. .br 3.998.966 Brasil (~1,05%) 9.13. .tw 3.574.416 Taiwan 10. 14. .se 2.683.229 Sweden 11.15. .pl 2.517.280 Poland 12.16. .us 2.488.667 United States 13.17. .be 2.104.966 Belgium 14.
TOTAL DOMAIN NAMES = 72.000.000
(Jan 2005)
1. .com 36.464.312
2. .de 8.646.538
3. .net 5.818.207
4. .uk 4.108.068
5. .org 3.533.686
6. .info 3.489.156
7. .nl 1.473.343
8. .biz 1.144.088
9. .it 1.000.017
10. .us 919.968
11. .br 768.00012. .jp 695.358
Top 10 of the ccTLDs are more then 71% of all ccTLDs.
All ccTLDs are more then 36% of the domain name market.
1. .de 8.646.5382. .uk 4.108.0683. .nl 1.473.3434. .it 1.000.0175. .us 919.9686. .br 768.000 (~1.07%)7. .jp 695.358 8. .kr 593.4929. .ca 539.24410. .be 430.76011. .fr 366.23612. .se 337.70813. .pl 315.930
TOTAL DOMAIN NAMES <.br>
Data Quantidade
01/Jan/1996 730
01/Jan/1997 7.500
01/Jan/1998 26.000
01/Jan/1999 68.000
01/Jan/2000 151.000
01/Jan/2001 360.000
01/Jan/2002 450.000
01/Jan/2003 413.000
01/Jan/2004
01/Jan/2005
540.000
700.000
LEGAL BASIS
1.- Inter-Ministry Resolution - Ministry of Science and Technology + Ministry of Communication => May 31, 1995 - Creates 1st Brazilian Internet Steering Committee - CGIbr
and then modified by
2.- Presidential Decree => September 03, 2003 - Establishes the ‘new’ Model of Internet Governance
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
• MULTILATERAL Participation– Four ‘stakeholder’ groups
• DEMOCRATIC Process– Elections of the representatives for
the Civil Society
• TRANSPARENCY– Public consultation throughout the process
COMPOSITION OF CGI.br
Four stakeholder groups
• Government Sector 9 members
• Private Sector 4 members
• Third Sector 4 members
• Academic Sector 3 members
• Expert 1 member
• Total 21 members
ELECTION PROCESS
• Organizations from the 3 sectors form the respective constituencies
Private Sector => 4 segments1. Telecom Infrastructure Providers
2. Internet Service Providers
3. Hardware & Software Industries
4. General Business Sector Users
• Organizations from the 3 sectors appoint candidates
• Elections process in two steps (electronic voting)
during July 2004.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
GOVERNO N.S. SOCIEDADE CIVIL
COMITÊ GESTOR DA INTERNET NO BRASIL
01.- Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia
02.- Ministério das Comunicações
03.- Casa Civil da Presidência da República
04.- Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior
05.- Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão
06.- Ministério da Defesa
07.- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
08.- Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações
09.- Fórum Nacional dos Secretários Estaduais da Ciência e Tecnologia
10.- Notório Saber
11.- Setor Empresarial - Provedores de Acesso e Conteúdo
12.- Setor Empresarial - Provedores de Infra- Estrutura de Telecomunicações
13.- Setor Empresarial - Bens de Informática, de Telecomunicações e de Software
14.- Setor Empresarial - Usuários
15.- Terceiro Setor 16.- Terceiro Setor17.- Terceiro Setor18.- Terceiro Setor
19.- Setor Acadêmico20.- Setor Acadêmico21.- Setor Acadêmico
ATTRIBUTIONS
• establish strategic guidelines for the use and development of the Internet in Brazil;
• establish policy guidelines for the administration of the ".br" ccTLD (Domain Names and IP numbers);
• propose R&D programs to promote quality and widespread use of the Internet in Brazil;
• propose regulatory measures concerning the Internet in Brazil;
• recommend the adoption of technical standards to promote security and quality of the Internet service
in Brazil;• take the required measures to guarantee that the
administration of the Internet in Brazil be compatible with the accepted international practices.
CURRENT WORK
• Technical Committees
– Internet Metrics/Indicators/Statistics– Anti SPAM– Internet Global Governance– IP Policy – Strategic Planning– Network Access Points (NAPs)
• Working Groups
– Network Engineering and Operation– Security and Emergency Response Team– Human Resources
CREATION OF AN EXECUTIVE ENTITY
– PRIVAT AND NOT-FOR-PROFIT –
TO IMPLEMENT AND TO PROVIDE
SUPPORT FOR ALL CGI.BR PROJECTS
AND DECISIONS
==> NIC.br <==
NIC.br – NÚCLEO DE INFORMAÇÃO E COORDENAÇÃO DO PONTO BR
(Brazilian Network Information Center)
The 21 Members of CGI.br - COMITÊ GESTOR DA INTERNET NOBRASIL form the ASSEMBLY of the NÚCLEO DE INFORMAÇÃO E COORDENAÇÃO DO PONTO BR – NIC.br, a privat not-for-profit entity.
This ASSEMBLY nominates the ADMINISTRATION COUNCIL ofNIC.br with 7 Members (3 from Government and 4 from CivilSociety).
This Council nominates the EXECUTIVE BOARD whichimplements and execute all decisions of CGI.br.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
REGISTRO.BRPROJETOSPTT, etc.
OUTROSSERVIÇOS
NIC.br – NÚCLEO DE INFORMAÇÃO E COORDENAÇÃO DO PONTO BR
GOVERNO N.S. SOCIEDADE CIVIL
NIC.br Administration Council (7)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
CERT.br
Executive Board (3)
NIC.br – NÚCLEO DE INFORMAÇÃO E COORDENAÇÃO DO PONTO BR
SERVICES:
• Registro.br => Domain Names and IPs assignment in Brazil
• CERT.br => Brazilian Computer Emergency Response Team
• PTT.br => NAPs Projects (12 NAPs) • Events
• LACNIC => NIC.br is the Operational Center for LACNIC
• Statistics
REGISTRO.br(Registry Services for .br)
CHARACTERISTICS OF “Registro.br”
CGI.br decides the “tree structure” of the
domains under “.br” (SLD).
For each SLD (.com.br, .org.br, .gov.br,
.net.br, .eng.br, adv.br, etc.) apply specific
policies.
The denomination and the quantity of
these SLDs are decided by CGI.br.
STRUCTURE OF <.br>
“Registro.br” demands from the petitioner of a domain name:
• To live in Brazil (or, to have a legal representative in the country);
• To adhere to the principles of the registry services;
• To declare that he assumes all responsabilities for To declare that he assumes all responsabilities for the chosen domain name and for the selected SLD;the chosen domain name and for the selected SLD;
• To maintain up-dated all data of the 3 contact
persons - administrative, technical and billing.
STRUCTURE OF <.br>
The domain name must be served minimum
by two DNS - Domain Name Servers.
The complete registration process is done via
WEB, directly by the petitioner, using the URL
=> <http://registro.br>
“Registro.br” is run as a ‘non-for-profit’ entity.
GT-ER => ENGENHARIA EOPERAÇÃO DE REDES
As atribuições básicas do GT-ER incluem:
• Planejamento da evolução de infra-estrutura e de serviços Internet no Brasil através de estudos, recomendações e de propostas de padrões comuns para protocolos e serviços;
• Recomendação de procedimentos administrativos para a
alocação de endereços IPs e o registro de domínios para qualquer instituição solicitante no país;
• Recomendação de normas para a implantação e operação de Pontos de Troca de Tráfego - PTTs no Brasil;
• Participação e realização de eventos na área.
GT-S => SEGURANÇA
O GT-S é formado por dois sub-grupos:
backbones => cujo principal objetivo é discutir aquestão da segurança nas redes ligadas à Internet sob a ótica das redes provedoras de backbone,
e
provedores => com ênfase nos aspectos desegurança relacionados com as empresas provedoras de acesso à Internet.
GT-RH => RECURSOS HUMANOS
Criado em 1995, o GT - RH tem a missão de preparar recursos humanos para apoiar a operação e aexpansão da Internet no Brasil, tanto no que tange a sua operação, como nos serviços que podem seroferecidos através da rede.
Eventos promovidos:
• Cursos à distância sobre Gerência de Rede
OTHER ACTIVITIES OF “NIC.br”(during 2003/5)
• Mirror of “Root-Server” F
• “Up-grade” of all secondaries DNSs for <.br>
• Instalation of 2 NAPs - PTTMetro/SP and PTTMetro/BSB
• iNOC for all ASs in Brazil (SIP telephones)
• Participation in events: IETF, NANOG, LACNIC, ICANN, other RIRs, WG = GT-ER, GT-S, GT-RH
• Introduction of IDNA (accents => â, á, à, ê, é, è, í, ô, ó, ú; cedilha => ç and til => ã, õ)
MoU => NIC.br and LACNIC
“NIC.br” perform services for LACNIC:
• Development and Maintenance of Software
• Collocation/Operation of the Hardware
• Engineering Infrastructure
RELATED WEBSITESBrazilian Internet Steering Committee (Comitê Gestorda Internet no Brasil) - CGI.br => http://cgi.br
Brazilian Network Information Center (Núcleo deInformação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br => http://nic.br
Domain Name Registry (Registro de Nomes) => http://registro.br
Security/Statistics (Segurança/Estatísticas) => http://cert.br
NAPS (Pontos de Troca de Tráfego) => http://ptt.br