BASAL ANGIOSPERMS AND

MAGNOLIIDS

Angiosperm Root

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANGIOSPERM

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

 The CRONQUIST SYSTEM (1981)

Dr. Arthur Cronquist of New York Botanical Garden classified different plants based on their FLORAL MORPHOLOGY and VEGETATIVE RELATIONSHPS.

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Cronquist divided flowering plants into broad classes: the Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (Monocotyledons).

SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANGIOSPERM

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

The ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG)- (1998,2003) Aim: taxonomy of flowering plants using

PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS Tool: molecular biology techniques (genetic

sequences)– MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS Reclassification and regrouping of the flowering plants

based on their molecular characteristics Basis: 2 chloroplast genes and 1 gene coding for

ribosomes These genes are slowly evolving.

The group was made by 29 botanists.

SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANGIOSPERM

BASAL ANGIOSPERMS

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

early angiosperms (roots angiosperms)Made up of 4 families (2 are present in the

Philippines) Amborellaceae Nymphaeaceae Austrobaileyaceae Chloranthaceae

Representative Organisms

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

CLADES ORDER FAMILY EXAMPLESBasal Angiosperms

Nymphaeales

Nymphaeaceae

Nymphaea sp. (water lily)

Nelumbonaceae

Nelumbo nucifera (lotus)

Magnoliids

Magnoliales Annonaceae Annona squamosa (atis)Cananga odorata (ilang-ilang)Annona muricata (guyabano)

Magnoliaceae Magnolia grandifloraMichelia platyphylla

Laurales Lauraceae Persea americana (avocado)Piperales Piperaceae Piper nigrum (black pepper)

Peperomia pellucida

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Basal Angiosperms Nymphaeaceae

Nymphaea nouchali Nelumbonaceae

Nelumbo nucifera Chloranthaceae

Chloranthus elatior

Representative Organisms

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Magnoliids Annonaceae

Annona squamosa Cananga odorata Annona muricata

Representative Organisms

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Magnoliids Magnoliaceae

Magnolia grandiflora Michelia alba

Representative Organisms

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Magnoliids Piperaceae

Piper nigrum Piper betel Peperomia pellucida

Representative Organisms

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Magnoliids Lauraceae

Persea americana

Representative Organisms

Floral Evolution

tjmedina.bot3.08-09.

Trends in Flower Evolution

Reduction in number (number of stamen and pistil)

Fusion of floral parts (gamopetalous/ with corolla tube)

Specialization of Parts (presence of accessory floral parts)

Changes in symmetry (actinomorphic to zygomorphic)