Borrelia burgdorferiBy: Matt Hryniewicki

ClassificationDomain: BacteriaKingdom: BacteriaPhylum: SpirochaetesOrder: SpirochaetalesFamily: SpirochaetaceaeGenus: BorreliaSpecies: B. burgdorferi

StructureHelical ShapeContains inner and outer cell membraneFlexible cell wallThe cell’s flagella are located inside the

periplasm between the inner and outer cell membranes (endoflagella)Allows cell to travel through highly

viscous fluids and materials Highly invasive

Outer surface proteinsCan turn into a cyst if in unfavorable

conditionsConverts back to spirochete under

favorable conditions

MetabolismRelies on host for energy precursorsLimited metabolic capabilitiesContains many transport proteins that are

used to obtain compounds from host serum or environment

Uses carbohydrates as source of energy in mammals

Uses N-acetylglucosamine as a major source of energy in ticks.

Produces ATP solely by using substrate-level phophorylation

NutritionCan be cultivated in vitro

Growth medium contains over 13 ingredients in a rabbit serum base

Optimal temperature is 32 degrees CelsiusMicroaerophile or anaerobic

Gram StainNegative gram stain

HistoryFirst recorded in 1883 by Alfred BuchwaldDiscovered in 1982 by Dr. Willy Burgdorfer

Several cases popped up in the towns of Lyme and Old Lyme in 1975

Disease CausingCauses Lyme Disease

Carried by ticks Ticks pick up the bacteria from

infected mice and deerProduces a “bulls-eye” rashTreated with antibiotics if

predicted within 72 hoursIbuprofen used to relieve joint

stiffnessMost prevalent tick-borne

illness in the U.S.

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Web. 03 Feb. 2011. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12422604>.