Book5 Unit2 Grammar

Past participles used as the object complement

什么是宾语补足语？英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有： make , consider, cause ,see , find , call ,get ,have, let ect.

Ex. We think him clever.

What he said made me angry.

We consider the answer correct.

Everyone calls him Tom.

( 宾语 )

( 宾补 )

宾语补足语的表现形式：

带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如 make等）

+ 直接宾语（名词或代词）

+ 宾语补足语

宾语补足语的 9 种表示法：1.His father named him Doming.

2.They painted their house white.

3.You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.

Nobody noticed him enter the room.

4. We saw her entering the room.

( 名词 )

( 形容词 )

（不定式）

（省 to 不定式）

( 现在分词或其短语 )

5.We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.

6.We take English as a useful tool for research

work.

7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at

work.

8. Let the fresh air in.

9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it

what you will.

( 过去分词 )

（用 as 引出）

（介词短语）

（副词）

( 从句 )

用过去分词充当宾语补足语1. 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示其动作已经完成或结束。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。Eg. After waking up, I found everyone gone.

The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard.

They found their new bikes stolen.

过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还可以作介词宾语的补足语：

Eg. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back,

With the homework finished, he was allowed to watch the football match.

1.过去分词用在表示状态的动词 keep ， leave 等的后面。

They kept the door locked for a long time.

Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.

2. 过去分词用在使役动词 have, make 的后面。

（ 1 ）注意” have + 宾语 + 过去分词”的两种用法：

①表示让某人做某事，如：

I have had my bike repaired .

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

② 表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。 如：My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.

(2)”make + 宾语 + 过去分词”， 在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如： I raised my voice to make myself heard.They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.

3. 过去分词用在感官动词 watch ,notice, see,

hear, listen to, feel, find 等的后面 当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。 When we got to school, we saw the door locked.

我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。 We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy

rain drops.

4. 过去分词用在 want, wish, like, expect, order would like 等表示“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。

The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment.

老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。

我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。

I want the suit made to his own measure.

我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。

My parents expected the entrance examination well-prepared.

5. 过去分词用在“ with+ 宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。

小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。

With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.

用所给单词的正确形式填空1. What he had said made me ________. （ surpri

se ）2. There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden b

urst of light. (follow)3. My glasses are broken. I’ll have to get them ___

_____.(repair)4. With her finger _______ to the broken vase, my

mother asked me, “Who did that?” (point)5. The doctor warned him ________ only food afte

r the operation. (not eat)

Practise:

surprised

following

repairedpointing

not to eat

Useful structure ( 10m )

强化训练1.The manager discussed the plan that they would

like to see____ the next year.

A. carry out B. carrying

C. carried out D. to carry out

2. Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had___ went wrong again.

A. it B. it repaired

C. repaired D. to be repaired

C

C

3. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees____ around our school.

A. plant B. planted c. planting D. being planted

4. Is this the recorder you want ____?

A.to have repaired B. to repaired

C. to have it repaired D. it repaired

5. She was glad to see her child well ____ care of.

A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking

B

A

C

6. The result of the entrance exams was not made ___ to the public until last Thursday.

A.knowing B known C. to know D. to be known

7. He found them ____ at table___.A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess

B

C

8. I can make you ___ what I say, but you can’t

make yourself ____ in English.

A.understand; understand

B. understand; understood

C. to understand; understand

D. understand; to be understood

B

9. The girl asked him not to leave the door _____.

A. to close B. closed

C. to be closed D. closing

10. I have often heard the ABC song____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it.

A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang

C. sung; sing D. sang; singing

B

C

1.(2004 全国卷） Helen had to shout ______above the sound the music.

A.making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard.

2. (2004, 重庆卷 ) Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents__________.

A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry

D

A

高考链接

3. (2000, 全国卷 )The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_______ the next year.

A.carry out B. carrying out

C. carried out D. to carry out

4. (1996, 全国卷 )It is wise to have some money______ for old age.

A.put away B. kept up

C. given away D. laid up

C

A

3.In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees ___ around our school.

A. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted

4.Is this the recorder you want ___?A. to have repaired B. to repair it C. to have it repaired D. it repaired

9. The girl asked him not to leave the door _____.A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D. closing

10. I have often heard the ABC song _____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it.

A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing

11.John rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door ____.A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocked D. to leave; unlocking

12. Before she came to England ,she had never heard a single English word _____.

A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. speak

13.___ poor at English, I can’t make myself _____.A. To be; understand B. I’m; to understand C. Being; understanding D. Being; understood

14.I have had my bike _____, and I am going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.

A. repair, to repair B. repairing ; to be repaired

C. repaired , repair D. to repair; repairing

15.You must get the work ____ before Friday.A. do B. to do C. doing D. done

16.___ the room, the nurse found the tape recorder ___.

A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone

C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen

17.When his wife returned, the husband noticed her hair ___short.

A. cutting B. to be cut C. being cut; D. cut

18. The students are told to have their homework ___ in before tomorrow afternoon.

A. hand B. to hand C. handed D. handing

19.We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.

A. settled B. having been settled C. be settled D. settling

20. The ____ professor found the matter ____. A. surprising, surprised

B. surprised, surprised C. surprised, surprising

D. surprising, surprising

21. Helen had to shout ____ above the sound of the music.A.making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard

22.When first ____ to the market , these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced

23. With all his friends and money ______, he fell into great despair. A. had gone B. were gone

C. gone D. going

Complete the sentences by using the words in brackets and the structures have/get/find something done.(P12)

1.have got the house mended

2.Have you had your hair cut

3.have the dictionary delivered

4.haven’t had the film developed

5.found it closed

6.get it repaired

7.got all their money stolen

8.had some flowers sent

9.had it announced

10.had it organized

Answer these questions using the past participle as the object complement.(P50)

1.When I got home, I found the flower pots broken.

2.When the paths were covered in snow, I got them cleared.

3.As it is broken, I got the bath mended.

4.When I was away, I had the trees planted in my garden.

5.When I came back, I found the street flooded after the storm.

6.He said he would get the work finished by Monday.

7.I found Shanghai changed a lot after such a long time.

8.I am going to have my hair cut at the hairdresser’s tomorrow.

Your are a policeman writing a report about a house that has been broken into. Use the past participle as the object complement to describe what you found. (P51)

disconnected; broken;

opened; cleaned;

repaired; washed;

examined; locked;

checked; mended;

stolen; insured;

1.Do Exx. 1and 2of “Using Words and Expressions” on pages 49 and 50.

2.Do “Using Structures” on pages 50 and 51.