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Presented by:

Sarah Mae Enopia, RN

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What is an EMERGENCY?

It is a situation

that posesan immediate

risk to health, life,

property, or

environment.

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Distinct characteristics of an EMERGENCY

Dangerous

Unusual and rare eventsDifferent from one

anotherUnforeseen

Urgent

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What should be done during an

emergency?

Recognize

emergencyDecide to help

Call EMSCheck the patient

Give first aid

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Sudden cardiac arrest

Accounts for an estimated 325,000

deaths each year in the USA alone.

Kills 1,000 people a day or 1 person

every 2 minutes.

Leading cause is

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Risk Factors

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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Chest discomfort

Discomfort in other

areas of the upper body

Shortness of breath

SweatingNausea

Lightheadedness

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BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

An emergency procedure that

consists of recognizing respiratory or

cardiac arrest or both and the proper

application of CPR to maintain life

until a victim recovers or advancedlife support is available.

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KINDS OF LIFE SUPPORT

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THE BODY SYSTEMS

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TIME IS CRITICAL!

cardiac irritability (brain

damage not likely) brain damage possible

brain damage very likely

irreversible brain

damage

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PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT DISEASE

TRANSMISSION

Are precautions taken to isolate

or prevent risk of exposure from

any other type of bodily

substance.

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COMPONENTS OF BODY SUBSTANCE

ISOLATION

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THE CHAIN OF SURVIVAL (2005)

EARLYCPR

EARLYDEFIB

EARLYACLS

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Adult CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

EARLY

CPR

EARLY

ACCESS

EARLY

DEFIB

EARLY

ACLS

EARLY

PCAC

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EARLY

ACCESS

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CALL FIRST or CPR FIRST?

Sudden collapse

in adult or child.

Collapse likely

cardiac in origin.

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CALL FIRST or CPR FIRST?

Near Drowning

victim.

Asphyxial (primary

respiratory) arrestin any age.

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EARLY

CPR

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To buy time

.

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PRINCIPLES OF CPR

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EARLY

DEFIBRILLATION

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To restart the heart

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AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED)

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HOW TO USE

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PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING AED

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EARLY

ACLS

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To stabilize the heart

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EARLY ADVANCED CARDIAC LIFE SUPPORT

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STEPS IN BLS

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CPR ON A PREGNANT CLIENT

Left uterine

displacement

with two-

handed or

one-handedtechnique.

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Left-

lateral tiltusing a

firmwedge.

CPR ON A PREGNANT CLIENT

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High Arm In Endangered Spine (HAINES) Position

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WHEN TO STOP CPR?

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ST

OP

S

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When Not To Start CPR?

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PALLOR MORTIS

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ALGOR MORTIS

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Rigor mortis

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LIVOR MORTIS

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Other Definite Signs of Death

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FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

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Recognition of FBAO

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UNIVERSAL SIGN OF CHOKING

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Relief of FBAO

Do not interfere with the patients spontaneous

coughing and breathing efforts.

Do not leave the patient.

Perform subdiaphragmatic abdominal thrust (HeimlichManeuver) for adult and children >1 year of age.

For infants, deliver repeated cycles of 5 back blows

followed by 5 chest compressions.

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Thank You!!!

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