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Rules and Regulations of Bisafety
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Dr. Rajesh Kumar
Ph.D (Dairy Microbiology)
Molecular Biology Unit
Dairy Microbiology Division
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BIOSAFTEY TRAININGGood Laboratory Practice.
Emergency procedures
Biosecurity
Biological Safety/GMOs��
Wastes
Chemical safety
Transport of biological samples
Links and Useful numbers
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Good Laboratory PracticeStrict Definition:�A quality system concerned with the organisational process and the conditions under which non-clinical health and environmental safety studies are planned, performed, monitored, recorded, archived and reported.�
1. Safety2. Reproducibility3. Reporting
How does GLP relate to academic research?
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1) Biosafety � your responsibilities
Those who work in the University/organization should be aware of the University�s Statement of biosafety Policy (http://www.dbtbiosafety.nic.in)
Everyone must know the risks and potential hazards of the materials and equipment he/she is working with and so be alert to any dangers.
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You should also:1. Have had a safety induction & training � check the
local rules in all laboratories that you work in2. Know who your Safety Officer is � seek advice,
report any incidents 3. Consider your health status (e.g. allergies) & any
vaccination requirements (e.g. Hepatitis B) 4. Complete risk assessments so that you know
� how to use, store and dispose of all chemicals� how to deal with any spills or accidents� the safety precautions required and for some
equipment, e.g. safety cabinets, how they work
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Risk AssessmentsHazardous Chemicals -
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH).Biological Hazards �
Genetic manipulation, handling pathogens, Crime & Security Act 2001Radiochemicals �
Contact the safety office for permission before use.Experimental risk assessments �
Combination of hazards associated with a technique or protocol.
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Emergency ProceduresWhat to do in case of an accident or incident ?
Telephone numbers:
Experimental Hall Operators: 2525(24h/24h)
Safety Group :2403
or
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EMERGENCY PROCEDURESThe safety signs to recognizeEmergency exits and evacuation routes
Fire extinguishers
Spill kits and First aid kits
Emergency showers
Eye-wash fountains
Know your nearest first aiders
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SAFETY ICONS Safety reminders
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HAZARD ICONS Safety reminders
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Hazard symbols
You must be able to recognise and explain the significance of the following hazard symbols.
Look for them around the laboratory � all your chemicals should be labelled appropriately
Oxidizer Harmful Biohazard Corrosive Toxic
Radioactive Highly flammable
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Personal protective equipment
But also be aware of hazards from your work possibly affecting others working around you � use a fume cupboard, warn others, restrict access to where you are working.
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Safety cabinets
Fume cupboards Designed to exhaust fumes from the laboratory environment.
Class I biosafetyProtects the user from aerosol hazards
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Class II biosafety
Protects both the user and the material within the cabinet
Class III biosafetyUser works through gloves. The material within the cabinet is protected by hepa-filtered air. The inside of the cabinet operates at a negative pressure.
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Biological hazard CategoriesHAZARD GROUP 1- Agent is unlikely to cause human disease
HAZARD GROUP 2- Agent can cause human disease and may be a hazard; unlikely to spread to the community; effective prophylaxis or effective treatment available.
HAZARD GROUP 3- Agent can cause severe human disease and presents a serious hazard; may present a risk of spreading to the community; effective prophylaxis or treatment available.
HAZARD GROUP 4- Agent causes severe human disease and is a serious hazard; likely to spread to the community; no effective prophylaxis or treatment available. All work with Group 3 pathogens must be with permission from the safety office
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Blood and human tissue
Particular concern over the potential presence of infectious agents including Hepatitis B & HIV. It is recommended that any worker be successfully immunised against HepB before commencing work with human/primate samples.
Usual recommendations:
Check your risk assessment & local rules before starting,Assess the HepB/HIV risk in samples, Work under biocontainment conditions (safety cabinet), Take care in disposal (e.g. double-bag & autoclave prior to disposal with clinical waste)
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Biological SafetyBiological agents
Any agent which may cause any infection, allergy, toxicity or can
create any hazard to human health and/or environment.
Micro-organisms such asFungi (including yeasts), Bacterias, Viruses, Prions,
Parasites
Genetically modified organisms (GMO��s)
Cell cultures such asMammalian cell cultures (animal and human)Plant cell cultures
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Biological SafetyHazard groups (Since 1994)
Adult healthy worker!!!
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Some rules for classifying�
The classification does not take account of other hazardous properties eg. toxic, oncogenic or allergenic properties.
The categorisation is based on the infective hazard to healthy adult worker, it does not allow for any , additional risk to individual workers caused by:-
pre-existing diseasethe effects of medicationcompromised immunitypregnancy or breastfeeding
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Hemorrhageic feverMarburg Virus4
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, AIDS,
Anthrax/Blackleg
HVB, HBC, HIV, Bacillus
anthracis
3
Eczema, vesicular and pustular lesionVaccinia Virus2
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt�s
lymphoma
Eppstein Barr Virus2
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malaiseAdenovirus type 40, 412
Rhinitis, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis,
cough�
Adenovirus type 1-5, 72
Urinary tract & respiratory system
infections, dermatitis and variety
of systemic infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa2
NoneE. coli K12, Yeast Baculovirus
Expression CHO cells
1
DiseaseBiological AgentHazard
group
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Genetically modified organisms
Genetic Modification is defined as the altering of the genetic material of an organism by a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination.
It is the policy of the University that all work involving GMOs is carried out in such a way as to prevent undue risk either to those carrying out the work, to those who may otherwise be affected by the work, or to the environment.
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Risk assessments for new projects must be completed and submitted to a GM Safety Committee
�hazard identification� estimation of the severity of the consequence� determination of a provisional containment class� environmental considerations� estimation of likelihood of harm occurring� can all hazards be properly controlled
Results in assignment of the final containment and activity classification 1-3 (classes 2 & 3 notifiable to HSE)
Genetically modified organisms
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�Work must be carried out in a suitably equipped and designated containment laboratory�Periodic reviews of risk assessments done�Health surveillance may be required�Records of exposure may be required�Emergency plans are needed
Genetically modified organisms
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Before starting a project�.
Involving GMO�s�Every project should be registered in the existing license for
contained use of genetically modified organisms (CGG)
The project may also be registered and approved by the safety
officer
Involving Pathogens and human cell lines� Work in a special designed laboratory
Project registered and approved
Specific training in using the laboratory and handling cell lines or
pathogens
Check on medical follow follow-up (vaccinations if possible or
necessary)
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Waste disposal
Waste must be disposed of correctly:
autoclave bags or the yellow carton bin dedicated for
incineration
Stainless steel container
Sharp bin containers
Treatment of liquid waste with disinfectant
STAFF SHOULD NEVER BE ENDANGERED BY
DISPOSING OF WASTE INAPPROPRIATELY
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Biohazardous waste must be rendered safe before disposal
Clinical waste
Sharps
DisinfectionAutoclave
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Non-infectious biological waste
Liquid biological waste containing GMO�s must be
inactived by autoclaving before it can be poured down into
a plastic container for chemical waste treatment.
(Gelyfication of liquids in the pipeline)
ATTENTION: Solutions containing SeMet, corrosives or any
other toxic compound must be inactivated for biological
contaminant first, and treated afterwards as chemical
waste.
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Chemical risks How do I protect myself and the environment ?
Protocol well known.
Chemicals and material safety data sheet and (MSDS) in
sample lab or on the lab web read.
Use of small quantities of chemicals; quantities consider safer
substitute protocols when possible.
Wear safety glasses, proper gloves, and a lab coat when
handling chemicals
Disposal of of chemical waste appropriate.
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Storage of chemical products
No more chemicals than needed should be stored.
Always read the chemical's label (and MSDS).
Mark it with the date of receipt/opening before storage.
Never store a chemical with an obscured or missing label.
Define separate storage areas for highly toxic chemicals.
Never store liquid hazardous chemicals above eye level.
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