Bioremediation: Principles, Techniques, and Applications ......bioremediation technology is easily customized to meet site‐specific design criteria. Bioremediation is a natural,

Bioremediation: Principles, Techniques, and Applications

LSP Course #: 1467

Course Description:

Over the past 40+ years, injection of biostimulation amendments including oxygen release

compounds, carbon substrates, and sulfate compounds has evolved into a viable, cost‐effective

technology for stimulating bacteria for biodegradation of a variety of contaminants, including

petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, nitrate, perchlorate, explosive compounds, acid

mine drainage, and chromium. Using engineering and hydrogeology concepts, the

bioremediation technology is easily customized to meet site‐specific design criteria.

Bioremediation is a natural, safe, and cost effective technology.

This course will provide attendees with an understanding of basic microbiology principles,

sampling techniques and analysis to better assess site microbiology, and approaches to

biostimulate/bioaugment an identified treatment zone. Various bioremediation techniques will

be described with advantages and disadvantages highlighted. The course will also provide

practical suggestions on how to design a project and inject bioremediation amendments in the

field.

The course presenter, Jack Sheldon of Antea Group, has over 30 years of experience as a project

manager and program director. He specializes in the field application of various types of

bioremediation and chemical oxidation systems. He has completed remediation projects in all 50

states and several locations abroad. His full resume is attached.

The course will begin with an overview of aquifer geochemistry and the various factors that

influence microbial processes (Part 1), followed by transport theory as applied to in situ

bioremediation project design (Part 2), and the course will conclude with field case studies (Part

3) illustrating the application of bioremediation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Course Presentation Schedule:

8:00 Part 1: Technology Overview and Microbial Processes

· What is bioremediation?

· How does aerobic bacteria function?

· How does anaerobic bacteria function?

· Aquifer geochemistry/terminal electron acceptors

9:00 Part 2: Transport Processes and Design

· Types of bioremediation approaches

· Types of substrates

· Injection techniques

· Design tools

10:00 Break

10:15 Part 3: Case Study Reviews – Aerobic

· Project - Successful oxygen release compound

· Project - Unsuccessful oxygen release compound, and solution

· Project – Another unsuccessful oxygen release, and solution

· Additional studies as time allows

11:00 Part 3: Case Study Reviews – Anaerobic

· Project - Successful chlorinated solvent injection

· Project - Successful sulfate reduction

· Project - Unsuccessful sulfate reduction, and solution

· Additional studies as time allows

11:45 Wrap-Up and Questions & Answers

Noon Adjourn

6 December 2012

Curriculum Vitae

Antea USA, Inc.

www.anteagroup.com

Experience Summary

Jack Sheldon is a remediation expert located in West Des Moines, Iowa. He has

over 30 years of experience as a project manager, sales manager, and program

director. He has specialized in the field application of various types of

bioremediation and chemical oxidation systems, with personal involvement in 20

first type remediation projects in their respective states. He has completed

remediation projects in all 50 states and several locations abroad.

Jack has provided global remediation, microbiology, and regulatory negotiation

services for many government and commercial clients on concerns of soil,

sediment, air, and groundwater. He has worked extensively in the field to

determine chemical type and extent, prepared various environmental reports,

and successfully managed numerous environmental projects and technology

programs. His primary expertise has been in the identification and selection of

remediation technologies for projects and the monitoring of those technologies.

Through this process, Mr. Sheldon has designed, implemented, and supervised

hundreds of treatability and pilot studies comparing technologies and

determining their feasibility under simulated or actual site conditions. He is

actively involved in the design, equipment selection, monitoring, supervision, and

peer review of full‐scale remediation projects using a broad array of technologies.

Jack has authored more than 40 technical papers and articles, two bestselling

books, and delivered more than 50 major presentations. He has conducted

seminars for many regulatory agencies nationwide and taught courses at the

University of Minnesota; the University of Wisconsin; Rutgers, the State University

and Drake University.

Jack currently serves as primary quality assurance resource for all in situ chemical

oxidation projects implemented by the company. He is also a member of the

corporate project audit team, the corporate Volunteerism group, and the

Remediation Engineering Evaluation Team (REET).

Jack Sheldon

Title

Senior Professional

Education

MS – Environmental Microbiology,

Wagner College, State Island, New

York

BS – Bacteriology and Public Health,

Wagner College, State Island, New

York

Professional Associations

American Society for Microbiology

National Groundwater Association

Languages

English, German

Curriculum Vitae Jack Sheldon

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Selected Local Projects

Iowa Environmental Liability Transfer Portfolio, Iowa, USA; Multiple Technologies – Technical support for seven

ongoing remediation projects at service stations using in situ chemical oxidation, dual phase extraction, and

anaerobic bioremediation. Reviews conceptual designs and contractor bids. Provides data interpretation and

develops closure strategies.

Walmart and K‐Mart Stores, Iowa, USA, City of Carroll; In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Project Manager for

two petroleum cleanups using hydrogen peroxide and nutrient injection. Conducted regular data evaluation and

system optimization. Provided regulatory updates and used the sites to educate the IA DNR on the application of

the technology.

Chemical Manufacturing Facility, Iowa, USA, Hydrite Chemical, MNA – Senior Project Scientist on a unique MNA

project mixed chlorinated solvents at a RCRA site. Abiotic reduction of the groundwater constituents was found to

be the primary removal mechanism more so than biodegradation. Carbon isotope analysis, groundwater

modeling, MNA modeling using Biochlor, mineral tests, and molecular biological assays were used to develop

attenuation evidence.

Dubuque Plant, Iowa, USA, Eagle Windows, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior Project Scientist for a peer review

of a failed in situ chemical oxidation system at an active window manufacturing facility. Reviewed the injection

approach and performance data and provided recommendations on ways to optimize the process or incorporate

other remediation technologies.

Storage Facility, Iowa, USA, Pioneer Hi‐Bred International, Ex‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic/Anaerobic) ‐ Senior

Project Scientist for a treatability study evaluating the potential degradation mechanisms for the herbicide,

Captan. The results of the study produced a white paper focused on the development of a treatment process for

multiple storage facilities in the Midwest.

Dennis Shop Site, Iowa, USA, Dennis Roadway and Parking Lot Maintenance Company, In‐situ Bioremediation

(Aerobic) ‐ Project Manager for an in situ bioremediation project in Des Moines, IA. The project attained no

further action after 30 months of operation of a combined in situ bioremediation and fixed‐film bioreactor system

to clean up a mixture of paint solvents. ORC® filter socks were installed to treat one remaining impacted monitoring well, and this led to no further action required.

Park Avenue Plant, Iowa, USA, RR Donnelley Printing Co., In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Project Manager for

an ORC® filter sock application at an active publishing facility in Des Moines, IA impacted by a toluene tank leak.

Previously, the site had a pump and treat system that had operated for 15 years. Following focused investigation

and targeting of the ORC® filter socks, no further action was achieved within 18 months.

Former MGP, Iowa, USA, Alliant Energy/Interstate Power Co., In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic)/MNA – Senior

Project Scientist for design of a grid of ORC® slurry injection points. Following ORC injection, an MNA remedy was

implemented and reduced lower molecular weight PAH’s. Bioscreen modeling and statistical analysis were used

to further support the polishing approach.

Former Pole Storage Area, Iowa, USA, Wisconsin Power and Light, Ex‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Project

Manager for a former MGP site and historical pole storage area purchased by an asphalt producer. PAH

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compounds up to four rings were treated in biopiles over a period of 9‐12 months following the implementation of

a treatability study to show degradation of those compounds. A few of the biopiles treated more slowly due to the

presence of pentachlorophenol. An inoculum of PCP degrading bacteria was added to those piles to destroy PCP

and improve conditions for PAH degradation.

Ralston Landfill, Iowa, USA, Rockwell Collins, MNA – Senior Project Scientist on a unique MNA project in fractured

rock at a landfill formerly operated in Cedar Rapids, IA. After extensive negotiation with EPA Region 7 and its

consultants, the approach saved the client over $1 million in treatment cost by gaining approval for this remedy

over pump & treat.

Fort Dodge Coastal Mart, Iowa, USA, El Paso Energy, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Project Manager for a

petroleum retail site tank excavation bioremediation treatment. This application utilized a new cost effective

calcium peroxide product, Ixper 75®, and evaluated the use of specialized absorbent matting for the base of the

excavation. Application prevented residual hydrocarbons from migrating beyond the excavation.

Pesticide/Herbicide Storage Area, Iowa, USA, Earl May Seed & Nursery, Ex‐situ Bioremediation

(Anaerobic)/Excavation & Off‐site Treatment ‐ Senior Project Scientist for a pilot study of ex situ bioremediation

of 20 tons of DDT/pCBSA‐impacted soil in a tight clay. Designed the pilot study and prepared monitoring plan and

report. Distribution of amendment into the soil was a significant issue and prompted excavation of 250 tons of soil

and treatment at an off‐site facility.

J.R. Simplot Co., USA Ex‐situ Bioremediation Program (Anaerobic) ‐ Program Manager for a slurry phase

bioreactor system (SABRE) for treatment of TNT‐contaminated soils and other nitroaromatic compounds. The

process was developed by the J.R. Simplot Co. of Idaho using potato starch and other additives. Provided technical

consulting for two projects completed under the EPA’s SITE program. One was completed on Dinoseb‐

contaminated soil in Ellensburg, WA; the other was completed on TNT‐contaminated soil in Weldon Springs, MO.

Served as Project Manager for two completed demonstrations of the technology at the Iowa Army Ammunition

Plant in Burlington, IA.

Selected USA Project Experience

National Environmental Liability Transfer Portfolio, multiple locations, USA; Multiple Technologies – Technical

support for ongoing remediation projects at service station sites or bulk terminals using in‐situ chemical oxidation,

dual phase extraction, surfactant flushing, aerobic/anaerobic bioremediation, and MNA. Reviews conceptual

designs and contractor bids. Provides data interpretation and develops closure strategies. Supports 19 sites in

northern CA, 9 in southern CA, 5 in NV, 4 in WA, 5 in CO/NM/MO, 3 in CT/MA, 1 WI, and 24 in PA/MD/WV/DC.

Former Waste Oil Disposal Site, New Jersey, USA; McCandless, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation – Technical support for

ongoing full‐scale remediation of TPH and PCBs using in‐situ chemical oxidation by ozone injection. At 200 lbs. of

ozone delivery per day, the project is believed to be the largest application of ozone in the country. Provide Health

& Safety review, data interpretation, 3D modeling review, and system optimization consulting.

Oatland Island, Georgia, USA, Center for Disease Control, MNA/ In‐situ Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior Project

Scientist on a Monitored Natural Attenuation evaluation for a former pesticide/herbicide disposal site impacted by


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DDT, pCBSA, Lindane, and Dieldrin. Designed pilot studies for potassium permanganate and Fenton’s Reagent that

were completed on two hot spot locations. Results showed that the latter technology was more effective at

desorbing and treating the primary constituents beneath the landfill.

Electronics Manufacturing Facility, North Carolina, USA, Confidential Client, MNA ‐ Senior technical support for

data interpretation from MNA program. Provided oversight for use of the NAS model (USGS/Virginia Tech) to

generate additional evidence in support of the remedy.

Tool Manufacturing Facility, North Carolina, USA, Confidential Client, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior

technical support for two in‐situ chemical oxidation pilot tests involving modified Fenton’s reagent and alkaline

activated persulfate on CVOC’s in tight soil and fractured rock. Review pilot study design and provided data

interpretation.

Former Railroad Property, Minnesota, USA, BNSF, Third Party Risk Evaluation ‐ Senior technical third party review

of a series of remediation strategies for soil and groundwater cleanup developed by the client’s prime consultant.

Prepared report that indicated risks to client for each approach and offered recommendation as to which approach

would best suit the client’s needs.

Beverage Formulation Facility, Massachusetts, USA, Coca Cola, Additional Investigation/Feasibility Study ‐ Senior

technical support for development of a groundwater sampling strategy to delineate CVOCs in fractured bedrock.

At the client’s request, prepared feasibility document showing pros/cons of conventional and innovative

approaches to source treatment and plume migration.

Canton Drycleaners, Michigan, USA, Colony Insurance, In‐situ Chemical Reduction/Bioremediation – Senior

technical support for a combination in‐situ chemical oxidation/bioremediation amendment delivery into an

artificial saturated condition impacted by CVOC.s. Developed injection procedure and monitoring program.

Assisted in regulatory interaction.

Wyoming DEP, Wyoming, USA; Multiple Locations/Technologies – Technical support for ongoing regional

remediation projects using in‐situ chemical oxidation, dual phase extraction, surfactant flushing, and aerobic

bioremediation. Reviews conceptual designs and contractor bids. Provides data interpretation and develops

closure strategies.

Joplin Distribution Center, Missouri, USA, confidential Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing Company, Ex‐situ

Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐ Senior Project Scientist for the ex‐situ remediation of 3,000 tons of DDT/pCBSA and

Lindane‐impacted soil using a unique bioamendment. Treatment standards were reached within 10 months of

first amendment application. Provided oversight for the application vendor and prepared joint performance

report.

Agricultural Chemical Storage Facility, California, USA, Confidential Chemical Distributor, In‐situ Chemical

Oxidation ‐ Senior Project Scientist for two pilot studies using potassium permanganate injection through single

injection wells located in one permeable and one less permeable area of the site. Reductions of >80% were

achieved for 2,4‐D and 2,4,5‐T phenoxy herbicides, and DDT/pCBSA, respectively. Designed the pilot studies,

oversaw the injection, and prepared pilot study report.

Dry and Solution Fertilizer Storage Facilities, Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, Agrium, In‐situ Bioremediation

‐ Senior Project Scientist for two pilot studies using carbon amendments such as sodium lactate and blends of

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lactate and vegetable oil to create denitrifying conditions for the reduction of nitrate from groundwater. Designed

the pilot studies to evaluate different recirculation techniques to assist in selection for full‐scale design.

Fertilizer Storage Facility, New Mexico, USA, Confidential Chemical Distributor, Phytoremediation ‐ Senior

Project Scientist for design of a phytoextraction barrier to treat nitrate impacted groundwater migrating from one

acre fertilizer storage facility. Prepared bench test plan for evaluating soil conditions, worked with vendor to

confirm feasibility of planting poplar trees as the barrier. Developed implementation and maintenance plan for

the study. Client was seeking state funding for the application.

Pole Storage Facility, Mississippi, USA, Confidential, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation/Bioremediation ‐ Senior Project

Scientist on a hot spot treatment pilot test to compliment an MNA approach already in progress at the site.

Provided technology selection support, negotiated discounted amendment pricing with the vendor, provided

injection guidance, and data interpretation support. Prepared a technical memorandum for the client. Results

from the pilot test prompted the creation of a new chemical oxidation/catalyst/bioremediation amendment,

Klozur® OBC (now Klozur® CR). An engineered oxygen release product, PermeOxPlus®, was also used to create

alkaline conditions to further catalyze the oxidant and promote aerobic biodegradation.

Former Pump Manufacturing Facility, Illinois, USA, ITT, In‐situ Soil Mixing ‐ Senior Consultant on an in situ soil

mixing project where TCA, DCA, and DCE were treated with quicklime and Klozur® persulfate to a depth of 16 feet.

Designed pilot test for soil treatment that looked at mixing regimes and amendment ratios. Evaluated data and

designed scale‐up. Oversaw full‐scale application for treatment of 7500 cubic yards of soil.

River St., New York, USA, CSXT, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior Project Scientist on a major derailment

site in upstate NY where methylene chloride and acetone treatment was bench tested with a unique remediation

product called EHC™, a ZVI/bioamendment. To evaluate the aerobic pathway for acetone biodegradation, a sister

product called EHC‐O™, a calcium peroxide product, was evaluated. Provided experimental design input and data

interpretation for that phase of the project. Selected EHC‐O™ amendment for full‐scale use and developed

injection grid and completed volume calculation. Provided direct push injection oversight at 39 locations.

Reviewed river sediments management plan prepared for the USACE Buffalo district. Project is soon to be

approved for No Further Action.

Salt Lake City ANG Base, Utah, USA, Air National Guard Bureau, In‐situ Chemical Reduction/In situ Chem‐Bio ‐

Senior Project Scientist providing FS support and evaluating specific technologies for three individual sites

impacted by petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents at an active base. Completed review of QAPP, SAP,

PP, HASP, and ROD for the project. Chemical oxidation using alkaline catalyzed Klozur® persulfate (provided as a

single product, Klozur® CR) and chemical reduction using the EHC™ technology were selected and injected in

2008‐2009. This is a 3 year performance based contract (PBC).

North RR Superfund Site, New Mexico, USA, New Mexico DEP/EPA Region VI, In situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic)

– Senior Project Scientist for the application of bioremediation strategies at the North Railroad Superfund site in

Espanola, NM. Responsible for plan review and data interpretation as part of an extensive technology pilot

program involving injection of various amendments to a large chlorinated solvent plume. This project was peer

reviewed by John Wilson of EPA.

Schwartzwalder Mine, Colorado, USA, Newmont Mining, In‐situ Geochemical Fixation ‐ Project Manager on an in


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situ geochemical fixation bench and field pilot study at the operating Schwartzwalder Mine outside Golden,

Colorado. Uranium and molybdenum were the constituents of concern. A series of on‐site jar test and column

studies were completed showing both constituents could be reduced by greater than 99% using an injection of

calcium polysulfide solution. This approach was further demonstrated in a reduction cell created in one area of

the mine.

Keyser Yard, West Virginia, USA, CSXT, In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐ Senior Project Scientist providing

data interpretation for a TCE site where unique canisters of carbon source and nutrients, provided by Geovations

have been placed in wells in the distal plume. Developed an exit strategy for the site.

Middleton Derailment, Georgia, USA, CSXT, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic)/Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior Project

Scientist for a train derailment site providing data interpretation for a toluene plume where iSOC™ in‐well oxygen

injection units have been placed in the downgradient portion of the dissolved plume. Designed in situ chemical

oxidation bench test for Fenton’s reagent and sodium persulfate for a separate xylene and brake fluid impacted

area. Developed pilot study protocol and full‐scale conceptual design for the application.

Nashville Distribution Center, Tennessee, USA, Yellow Freight, Ex‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Senior Project

Scientist for a landfarming application adjacent to the Nashville Airport. Provided bench testing and field data

interpretation for a project where 3,000 cubic yards of diesel‐impacted soil were treated. Developed the H& S

Plan, managed field application of water and nutrients to the landfarm, and supervised tilling operations.

Focused Feasibility Study Support, Minnesota, USA, Marvin Windows Co., In‐situ/Ex‐situ Bioremediation ‐ Senior

Project Scientist provided focused feasibility study support for two sites impacted by PCP and TPH at an active

facility in northern MN. A full range of in situ/ex situ technologies was evaluated. Numerous foundations,

subsurface obstructions, and other site logistics complicated the application of in situ remediation across the site.

Prepared a conceptual design for pumping groundwater, treating in a fixed film bioreactor, mixing bioamendments

into soil, and injecting bioamendments by direct push in accessible locations.

Westover Terminal, West Virginia, USA, ExxonMobil, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic)/Chemical Oxidation ‐

Senior Project Scientist for a calcium peroxide treatment in an excavation at a terminal site. This approach

provided an oxygenated zone in and around the excavation to promote bioremediation of TPH. Also, evaluated in

situ chemical oxidation in a bench test for application of the technology at hot spots on‐site.

Service Station, Tennessee, USA, ExxonMobil, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Senior Project Scientist for a

calcium peroxide injection at a retail site. Developed this approach to create an oxygenated zone to promote

bioremediation of benzene in select locations on‐site, with a target of site closure. Evaluated a microbial profile of

the site in bench tests comparing total bacteria and benzene degrader populations. Also, provided technical

support in the evaluation of a dual phase extraction system for the site.

Farmers Grain Coop, Utah, USA, Scoular Companies, In‐situ Chemical Reduction/Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior

Project Scientist for the development of a bench test evaluating oxidant demand for in situ chemical oxidation

using potassium permanganate and Fenton’s reagent. Also, evaluated the microbial and chemical capacity of the

site to degrade TCE through ethane/ethane and to determine whether emulsified oil would be a good substrate to promote degradation of the chlorinated compounds present. Ultimately developed a pilot study involving a Klozur® sodium persulfate injection in the source area and a chemical reduction barrier at the property boundary.

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Athens Production Facility, Alabama, USA, Steelcase Manufacturing, MNA/In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐

Senior Project Scientist providing data interpretation and sampling program support for an MNA remedy on a TCE

plume at an active furniture manufacturing facility. Selected emulsified vegetable oil as a substrate for source area

reduction and a pilot test was conducted.

Midland Facility, Texas, USA, Lear Automotive, In‐situ Geochemical Fixation – Senior Project Scientist involved in

the conceptual design and data interpretation for a point source treatment of hexavalent chromium in soil and

groundwater. The application used calcium polysulfide injection for irreversible in‐situ geochemical fixation of the

chromium. Completed a feasibility study evaluating other reducing agents for cost, ease of application, and

effectiveness.

Lumber Street Yard, Illinois, USA, Amtrak, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior Project Scientist providing RI, ROR,

and RAP task management and design of a treatability study for in situ chemical oxidation for a former AST area of

the site impacted by free product diesel fuel along the Chicago River. Responsible for technology evaluation for

free product recovery as well as soil and groundwater cleanup. Developed a pilot study for multi phase extraction.

Pease & Loring AFB, New Hampshire/Maine, USA, US Air Force, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic)/Chemical

Oxidation/SVE/Air Sparging/Free Product Recovery ‐ Senior Project Scientist for the design, application,

monitoring, and optimization of multiple remediation systems including free product recovery, ORC™ injection,

iSOC™ in‐well oxygen injection, in situ chemical oxidation, air sparging, soil vapor extraction, and monitored

natural attenuation at two active bases. These technologies were applied for multiple petroleum hydrocarbons

and chlorinated solvent impacted sites and provided a streamlined O&M program for the sites.

Pantex Site 24, Texas, USA, Department of Energy, In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐ Senior Project Scientist

for review of the design, application, and monitoring of an emulsified vegetable oil pilot study for bioremediation

of high explosives (HE) at the facility. Work was conducted by a small, woman‐owned firm called Aquifer

Solutions.

HRC Technology Development Program, Wisconsin/Iowa, USA, Regenesis, In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐

Program Manager for the first field demonstrations of Hydrogen Release Compound (HRC), an innovative in situ

enhancement for bioremediation of PCE/TCE. Used direct push injection and in‐well treatment techniques to

apply the product at the Cedarburg Drycleaning site in Cedarburg, WI and the Mark IV Industries automotive parts

manufacturing site in Eldora, IA. HRC affected a >80% mass removal in 6 months in the source area of the

drycleaning site. HRC also was effective in reducing the total chlorinated VOC’s by 90% at the Mark IV site over

five years. This site has the longest period of HRC application of any site in the US. The Iowa site was conducted

as a demonstration project for the Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Plume Stop™ Technology Development Program, California, USA, Regenesis, In‐situ Plume Migration Control ‐

Program Manager for the first field demonstrations at petroleum hydrocarbon sites of Plume Stop™, an innovative

in situ plume migration control technology. Oversaw hydraulic testing, amendment injection, and reviewed pilot

test data in conjunction with the technology developer. Pilot tests were completed in Oakland and San jose over a

6 month period. Plume migration control was demonstrated and natural attenuation of specific groundwater

constituents was observed.


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Oxford Manufacturing Facility, Mississippi, USA, Whirlpool Corp., In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior

Project Scientist on a bioventing system treating hydraulic oil in low permeability soils installed subgrade in a pit

location in an active production area. Provided data interpretation for monthly operating parameters and system

performance. After three years of operation, the system reduced the TPH soil concentrations by >90%.

Confidential Electronics Client, Mississippi, USA, In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) – Senior Project Scientist on

one of the largest HRC bioremediation applications at an abandoned manufacturing site. Provided conceptual

design and data interpretation. Several biobarriers were installed onsite and offsite to prevent further migration

of a TCE plume; some were even installed in the right of ways of residential properties. The HRC barriers proved to be an economic alternative to an ineffective air sparging/SVE system previously installed at the site by others. The old air sparging/SVE system was relocated to another area of the site where it is being used to address a newly found source area.

Abandoned Zanesville Site, Ohio, USA, Lear Automotive Corp., In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐ Project

Manager for an emulsified vegetable oil (SRS™) injection project for bioremediation of a chlorinated solvent

groundwater plume at an abandoned automotive parts manufacturing facility. This application was more than

$100,000 less expensive than other remedial options. Provided oversight for bench testing, developed the

conceptual design, selected subcontractors, supervised field application, and provided data interpretation.

Joliet Army Ammunition Plant, Illinois, USA, USACE Louisville District, Composting Bioremediation (Aerobic) –

Senior Project Scientist for a 186,000 cubic yard windrow composting bioremediation project of TNT, HMX, RDX,

and Tetryl contaminated soils. This project was conducted under a $400 million TERC. Wrote sample problem

response for TERC bid. Prepared subcontractor selection matrix for the project and provided data interpretation

and optimization services throughout the project. Supported the MNA effort for site groundwater.

Tank Farm Area, Illinois, USA, Quad Cities Airport, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation – Senior technical support for the

development of an alkaline activated persulfate treatment in a source area adjacent to the fueling area at the

airport. Reviewed subcontractor bids and made vendor selection. Developed safety protocols in conjunction with

the airport authority, its consultant, and the subcontractor. Implementation is slated for Spring 2013.

Unison, Kansas, USA, Dow/Union Carbide, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation ‐ Project Manager for an in situ chemical

oxidation pilot study of two modified Fenton’s reagent solutions at a former transformer servicing company. Both

on‐site and off‐site TCE plumes were addressed in the pilot study. The chemical oxidants were applied directly

through direct‐push rods saving the cost of expensive injection well installation. Results clearly demonstrated a

citric acid/ferrous iron catalyst with 8% hydrogen peroxide formulation was most effective, and helped determine

the injection layout for source treatment and downgradient application. Prior to the field work, coordinated a

treatability study evaluating chemical oxidant formulations for the site.

Huntington Abandoned Manufacturing Site, Indiana, USA, Lear Automotive, In‐situ Chemical

Oxidation/Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior Project Scientist on a unique in situ chemical oxidation project for a

former automotive parts manufacturing facility operated by Lear Corp in Huntington, IN. The project involved

treating the vadose zone and groundwater within fractured dolomite using a modified Fenton’s reagent. The

chemicals of concern were toluene, hexane, and MEK. Reagent was applied through direct push rods and through

injection wells. Results showed that the soil had been cleaned to treatment standards after two applications of

oxidant. A third injection used persulfate catalyzed with iron to reduce treatment costs. A bioremediation

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polishing system was designed to feed oxygenated water into the groundwater.

Somersworth MGP, New Hampshire, USA, NiSource, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation – Senior Project Scientist on the

first application of Fenton’s reagent based chemical oxidation at a former one acre MGP. Evaluated system design,

provided field application oversight, and interpreted performance data pre‐, during and post‐ injection. One of

two source areas achieved regulatory drinking water standards for benzene and naphthalene. The other area was

significantly reduced and will enter long term monitoring.

Tremont St., New York, USA, CSXT, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior Project Scientist for a petroleum

retail site tank excavation bioremediation treatment in upstate NY. This application utilized a calcium peroxide

product, Ixper 75® in an excavation at a property leased from the railroad. Application prevented residual

hydrocarbons from migrating beyond the excavation and into a residential area, and presented a cost effective

means to manage residual petroleum impacts.

Watertown Spill Site, New York, USA, CSXT, Ex‐situ Oxidation/Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior Project Scientist

on a diesel fuel residual treatment. Recommended applicable treatment chemicals, sodium percarbonate and

calcium peroxide, and provided application support. Approach was developed to reduce area of soil excavation

and successfully achieved an 80% reduction in soil volume that required off‐site disposal.

Seneca Yard, New York, USA, CSXT, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation – Senior Project Scientist on a diesel fuel residual

treatment. Evaluated in situ chemical oxidation in a bench test in soils to remove free product and reduce sorbed

concentrations. An innovative combination of the technology with SVE wells and a vacuum truck was field tested

successfully.

Handley Yard, West Virginia, USA, CSXT, Vadose Zone Bioremediation (Aerobic)/ In‐situ Chemical Oxidation –

Senior Project Scientist at a site where bioventing and in situ chemical application were applied in the area of a

roundhouse and maintenance shop. Responsible for development of a treatability study, data interpretation, and

overall site exit strategy.

Fremont Manufacturing Site, California, USA, Borden Chemical Co., MNA – Senior Project Scientist on individual

chlorinated VOC and methanol/formaldehyde/diesel plumes where MNA is being advanced. MNA was begun

following operation of a methanol recovery system that removed free product and decreased the mass of chemical

in the plume.

Maine Electronics, Maine, USA, Rockwell Collins, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation – Senior Project Scientist on an in

situ chemical oxidation project where TCE and arsenic are impacting groundwater in two separate plumes that

ultimately co‐mingle off‐site. A bench‐scale treatability study was designed and completed showing that greater

than 99% of both contaminants could be reacted. During a pilot study, results showed there was significant

heterogeneity in the subsurface. It was possible to treat the arsenic area with chemical oxidation, but the TCE area

was not treated successfully. A biological approach is currently being designed for this area of the site.

Tyrone Plant, Pennsylvania, Westvaco Paper Co., Ex‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Project Manager for a pulp

and paper site with soil and groundwater contaminated with benzene and PAH compounds from the operation of

a carburetion furnace as well as toluene from landfilled soap wrapper coatings. A series of biotreatability tests

were conducted applying soil washing and bioslurry treatment for the soils and a fixed‐film bioreactor for the

groundwater. A field pilot test was later successfully completed on the groundwater using a mobile fixed‐film


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bioreactor with total PAH reduction >90% and toluene reduction of >99%.

Confidential Chemical Company, Oregon, USA, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic)/In‐situ Chemical Oxidation –

Senior Project Scientist for a biosparging pilot study and colloid evaluation at a pesticide, herbicide, and petroleum

hydrocarbon impacted site on the West Coast. Conducted peer review of project documents and regulatory

responses. Developed a unique sodium persulfate injection strategy as a barrier to prevent migration to a river at

the edge of the site.

Confidential Pharmaceutical Company, New Jersey, USA, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) ‐ Project Manager for a

bioventing project on #4 fuel oil. The project was the first of its kind in the state and the first done by this

pharmaceutical company. The project was also unique because it involved a performance guarantee.

Culbro Farms, Connecticut, USA, Culbro Tobacco Co., Ex‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic/Anaerobic) ‐ Project

Manager on a bioremediation technology demonstration project treating chlordane in soil at a tobacco farm. The

project involved innovative combinations of nutrients and microbes to provide aerobic/anaerobic treatment of

chlordane.

Manufacturing Facility, North Carolina, USA, Honeywell, Phytoremediation – Senior Project Scientist for the

development of a cap for the source area and barrier for the toe of the plume using rows of hybrid poplar and

willow trees. Coordinated with subcontractor, Ecolotree, to review data, collect additional information, and

prepare preliminary and final design reports along with an implementation schedule and plan.

USAF/Mather AFB, California, USA, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior Project Scientist providing data

interpretation and optimization support for 25 SVE/bioventing systems at a series of CERCLA and non‐CERCLA sites

under Delivery Order 10 at the base in Sacramento, CA.

USAF/Castle Field, California, USA, MNA – Senior Project Scientist on a unique vadose zone MNA project at Castle

Airport outside San Francisco, CA. Prepared a special protocol for evaluating MNA in the vadose zone at the site

that was accepted by the regulators.

Former Louisville Downs Racetrack, Kentucky, USA, In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic) – Senior Project Scientist for

an in situ treatment system that intermittently operated in air sparging/biosparging and soil vapor

extraction/bioventing modes at the site in Louisville, KY. The system treated clay overburden and silt sediments

found in deep fractures in the underlying bedrock. Initially, a fixed‐film bioreactor was used to treat extracted

groundwater.

Abandoned Lodi Plant, New Jersey, USA, United Technologies Corp., In‐situ Bioremediation (Aerobic)/SVE ‐

Project Manager for a large in situ bioremediation/soil vapor extraction system treating soil and groundwater

impacted with toluene at an abandoned facility in Lodi, NJ. Site reached no further action in four years.

Six Flags Great Adventure Amusement Park, New Jersey, USA, Six Flags Amusement Co., SVE ‐ Project Manager

for an ex‐situ soil vapor extraction system operated at the Six Flags Great Adventure Amusement Park in Jackson,

NJ. The project involved extracting gasoline from sandy soils and treating vapors through carbon adsorption. The

project reached closure after nine months of treatment. Extensive vapor monitoring was conducted because of

the proximity to live animals in a Safari Park.

Manufacturing Plant, Confidential Client, Wisconsin, USA, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation – Senior Project Scientist

for a multi‐depth ozone sparging application for a chlorinated solvent groundwater plume in southern Wisconsin.

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This application was estimated at half the cost of a previously recommended ZVI barrier and was more practical in

dealing with the depth to groundwater (>50 ft.) at the site.

Brownfield Property, City of Louisville, Kentucky, USA, In‐situ Chemical Reduction ‐ Senior Project Scientist for a

Brownfield site slated for development into senior citizen housing. The site was impacted by PCE/TCE from a

former drycleaning operation. Evaluated site investigation data and developed list of potential cleanup

technologies. In‐situ chemical reduction was selected for cost estimation and a conceptual design.

Selected International Project Experience

Tai‐kak Channel, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong Development Corp., Sediment Washing/In‐situ Chemical

Oxidation – Senior Project Scientist on a high profile sediments treatment project in the main channel in Hong

Kong, adjacent to the old airport. Both sediment washing, using the Biogenesis process, and in situ chemical

oxidation, using modified Fenton’s reagent, were demonstrated at the bench‐scale on the metals/organics‐

impacted sediments. Demonstration results were evaluated and a risk assessment conducted. A strategic plan will

be developed to evaluate other technologies and to allow reuse of the sediment and future development of the

channel.

Manufacturing Plant, Sanmina, Canada – Site Investigation/Pump & Treat Optimization ‐ Senior Project Scientist

providing oversight of work scopes prepared by Inogen partner, DCS. Project involves additional investigation of

CVOC impacts through well installation and sampling program. Also, existing Pump & Treat system is being

optimized to provide maximum capture prior to coupling with a source reduction approach.

Asti Plant, Italy, United Technologies Corp., MNA – Senior Project Scientist on one of the first MNA projects in the

Asti region of Italy. The site was a former automotive parts manufacturing facility that used air sparging/SVE to

treat chlorinated solvents in soil and groundwater. The project was transitioned into an MNA remedy for

polishing.

Air Bag Manufacturing Plant, France, Herakles, Feasibility Study, ‐ Senior Project Scientist on the evaluation of

biological and non‐biological technologies for source area and plume control of a large perchlorate and CVOC

plume. Providing expertise on conceptual model development and design study for a permeable reactive barrier.

Manufacturing Plant, Pirelli Tire, Italy, In‐situ Chemical Oxidation ‐ Senior Project Scientist for a pilot study using

Fenton's reagent to treat heating oil. This was one of the company's first application of chemical oxidation.

Designed study, collected data, and prepared report. Heterogeneous soil lead to evaluation of other technologies

to remediate the site as chemical oxidation gave inconsistent results.

Wood Treatment Plant, Carter‐Holt‐Harvey, Australia, In‐situ Geochemical Reduction ‐ Senior Project Scientist for

a full‐scale chromium cleanup in groundwater using calcium polysulfide injection. Reviewed data and prepared

progress reports. Tasked with evaluating the site microbiology on a regular basis using a variety of microbial

assays to understand impact of reductive environment on the indigenous bacteria.

Former Manufactured Gas Plant, Confidential Client, UK, In‐situ Bioremediation ‐ Senior Project Scientist for a

pilot study using injection of an oxygen release compound into a small plume with mostly lower molecular weight

PAHs. Designed study, collected data, and prepared report. Prepared full‐scale workplan.


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Manufacturing Plant, Grace, Brazil – In‐situ Chemical Reduction ‐ Senior Project Scientist for technology selection,

pilot test design and monitoring for an in‐situ chemical reduction approach in a source area impacted by CVOCs in

tight media. Evaluated distribution of the amendment following direct push and hydraulic fracturing. Reviewed

progress reports and also offered guidance on vapor intrusion studies performed at the site. This effort was in

support of Inogen partner, ANGEL.

Manufacturing Plant, HB Fuller, Brazil – In‐situ Chemical Reduction ‐ Senior Project Scientist for technology

selection, pilot test design and monitoring for an in‐situ chemical reduction approach in both on‐ and off‐site areas

impacted by Carbon Tetrachloride and Chloroform in tight media. Evaluated distribution of the amendment

following direct push, soil mixing and hydraulic fracturing. Developed progress reports and participated in client

meetings.

Manufacturing Plant, Confidential Pharmaceutical Client, Sweden ‐ Plume Forensics/Feasibility Study ‐ Senior

Project Scientist for development of a plume responsibility strategy and negotiation between responsible parties

and regulators. Prepared overall feasibility for remediation technologies that could be applied to the plume areas.

Public Landfill, Confidential Client, Taiwan, ‐ Litigation Support – Senior technical support conducting a literature

search to document fate and transport for individual CVOCs and biodegradation mechanisms.

Parts Degreasing Plant, Confidential Client, Brazil – In‐situ Bioremediation (Anaerobic) ‐ Senior Project Scientist

for data review and injection optimization of an emulsified vegetable oil injection for TCE in groundwater.

Evaluated distribution of the amendment and ability to create anaerobic conditions and increase organic carbon.

Helped local office prepare report for regulators.

Documents

Bioremediation: Principles, Techniques, and Applications ......bioremediation technology is easily customized to meet site‐specific design criteria. Bioremediation is a natural,