Biology 2 – Zimmer Name Biomolecules- Review Worksheet

1. Circle and clearly name all functional groups present in the molecule below:

2. For extra practice, count the number of carbons on this molecule. What is the molecular formula for the molecule?

3. Plants use cellulose to build strong cell walls and support their structures. a. What building block is the polymer cellulose made of?

b. From what process do these building blocks come from?

c. What other polymer might a plant synthesize from the same monomers? Compare

the purpose of this other polymer made by plants with that of cellulose.

4. The bread that you ate from your sandwich at lunch was made up of starch. It was broken down into a dimer by the saliva in your mouth.

a. What is this dimer?

b. Now, the molecules are presently in your stomach being digested (hydrolyzed) into

which compound? What purpose do they serve in your body and/or cells?

c. If your cells don’t need energy immediately, what will your body do to these digested carbohydrates in order to store them for later?

NH2OH

O

OH

5. This morning you had butter on your toast. Butter is a triglyceride. What are the products of triglyceride digestion (hydrolysis) which is occurring in your large intestine?

6. Are phospholipids and triglycerides polymers? Why or why not? What about steroids?

7. True or false: Both lipids and carbohydrates contain the elements C,H, and O. If you are JUST given the chemical formula, how can you tell if the molecule is a lipid or a carbohydrate? Explain your answer.

8. Looking at the pictures, name two amino acids with hydrophobic R groups/side chains and two with hydrophilic R-groups/side chains.

9. How many water molecules would be formed during the dehydration reaction (polymerization) of seven amino acid monomers? What kind of bonds are formed?

10. What is the difference between secondary structure and tertiary structure? What types of interactions hold the polypepdtide this way and what part of the polypeptide is involved?