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Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic waste.
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Bioethanol from Biomass Waste
Isroi (http://isroi.com)
Bioethanol
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Bioethanol
Renewable Environmental friendly Not compete with food and feed Unblended bioethanol fuel or Blended with gasoline
C2H5OH + 3 O2 2 + 3 H2O + heat
First Generation Bioethanol
First Generation Bioethanol
Ethanol from sugar (sugarcane, etc) and amylum (starch, casava, corn, etc).
Second Generation Bioethanol
Why lignocellulose?
Why lignocellulose?
Glucose
Starch
Cellulose
Ethanol
Why lignocellulose?
Abundant Renewable Not compete with food and feet
Oil Palm Waste
Abundant and un-use
Mass Balance in Oil Palm Mill
1 ton FFB 230 kg EFB
Problems and Challenges
Purification Hydrolysis Fermentation
Ethanol
Waste water
Lignocellulose
Pretreatment
Pretreatment of Lignocelullose
Mosier et al. (2005)
Pretreatment: Mechanical Physical Chemical
Biological Combination
Pretreatments have as a goal to improve the digestibility of the lignocellulosic biomass (Hendriks and Zeeman, 2008).
../references/2005_mosier_bioresourcetech96.pdf../references/2008_hendriks_bioresourcetechnology.pdfAdvantages and Disadvantages
Advantages Disadvantages
No chemical added Take more times
Less energy used Need more places
More environmental friendly
Biological pretreatment of EFB by white-rot fungi compared with physical/chemical pretreatment
White-rot Fungi
Enzymes produced by lignocellulytic fungi:
Laccase Mangan Peroxidase (Mn P) Lignin Peroxidase (Li P)
White-rot fungi are the only known organisms that, to any extent, mineralize lignin to CO2 and water in pure culture (Gold and Alic, 1993)
Biological Pretreatment
Untreated After pretreatment
Visual Changes of OPEFB after pretreatment
MyDream
EFB ETHANOL
Thank You