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Berlin Wall Berlin Wall and and Berlin Airlift Berlin Airlift Jamie Marrs Jamie Marrs Cara Glatfelter Cara Glatfelter Paige Riddle Paige Riddle

Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

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Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift. Jamie Marrs Cara Glatfelter Paige Riddle. Berlin Wall. Major Dates: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin WallBerlin Wall andand

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift

Jamie MarrsJamie Marrs

Cara GlatfelterCara Glatfelter

Paige RiddlePaige Riddle

Page 2: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

Major Dates:Major Dates:

June 24,1948June 24,1948 - Stalin imposed a land blockade - Stalin imposed a land blockade of Berlin to separate the communists from the of Berlin to separate the communists from the democrats. Russia didn't want its section getting democrats. Russia didn't want its section getting any ideas about running away. The first fence any ideas about running away. The first fence was made of barbed wire, which was ineffective was made of barbed wire, which was ineffective due to people’s large desire to escape. due to people’s large desire to escape.

Page 3: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

When was it built?When was it built? August 13, 1961August 13, 1961 - Germans began a hasty, desperate, yet - Germans began a hasty, desperate, yet

effective building of the actual stone wall to keep effective building of the actual stone wall to keep Easterners east and Westerners west. It was highly Easterners east and Westerners west. It was highly effective and there were watchtowers and guards stationed effective and there were watchtowers and guards stationed at all of the places where escape would be easiest.at all of the places where escape would be easiest.

19651965 - the actual wall was built 100 yards inward, parallel. - the actual wall was built 100 yards inward, parallel. The strip between the walls was dug down and coated with The strip between the walls was dug down and coated with gravel. It was called the Death Strip because many people gravel. It was called the Death Strip because many people tried to jump to freedom, but fell to their deaths in the pit.tried to jump to freedom, but fell to their deaths in the pit.

Page 4: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

Who built it?Who built it?

The Russians that controlled the area The Russians that controlled the area decided to block off Western Berlin from the decided to block off Western Berlin from the communist Eastern. The Berliners did not communist Eastern. The Berliners did not agree with this, as many families were split agree with this, as many families were split apart, and people were tortured for trying to apart, and people were tortured for trying to escape through the border.escape through the border.

Page 5: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin WallBerlin WallEnd Result:End Result:

November 9, 1989November 9, 1989 – – Minister of Propaganda declares Minister of Propaganda declares that private trips abroad could that private trips abroad could be made from eastern to westernbe made from eastern to westernGermany. In the following days thousands of families Germany. In the following days thousands of families flocked the watch towers; where the control guards didn't flocked the watch towers; where the control guards didn't know how to handle the people, and what the restrictions know how to handle the people, and what the restrictions on crossing were. The massive flood of citizens was too on crossing were. The massive flood of citizens was too much to contain, and they broke through, forever ending much to contain, and they broke through, forever ending the division of the city.the division of the city.

October 3, 1990October 3, 1990 -The political conclusion of the wall. The -The political conclusion of the wall. The wall had fallen, and the reuniting of Germany began. wall had fallen, and the reuniting of Germany began.

Page 7: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift/ Blockade/ Blockade

Major Dates:Major Dates:

June 21, 1948June 21, 1948 - Air Force Lieutenant General Curtis LeMay - Air Force Lieutenant General Curtis LeMay gave a mandate to supply West Berlin on June 26gave a mandate to supply West Berlin on June 26

June 24, 1948June 24, 1948 - the Russians instituted a land blockade of - the Russians instituted a land blockade of the American, British, and French sectors. They only had the American, British, and French sectors. They only had enough coal for 45 days and food for 36 days. Without enough coal for 45 days and food for 36 days. Without goods brought to them, they would soon run out. Few goods brought to them, they would soon run out. Few believed the needs of 2,250,000 people could be met by air believed the needs of 2,250,000 people could be met by air transport and the outlook for the success of this effort was transport and the outlook for the success of this effort was bleak.bleak.

Page 8: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift/ Blockade/ BlockadeWhat was used and how What was used and how

much of it?much of it? First, C-47's with a two and one-half (2 ½) ton capacity were usedFirst, C-47's with a two and one-half (2 ½) ton capacity were used Later, C-54's that carried ten (10) tons were usedLater, C-54's that carried ten (10) tons were used 4,500 tons a day of coal, food, and other supplies was the minimum needed 4,500 tons a day of coal, food, and other supplies was the minimum needed

to keep the city goingto keep the city going Allied planes landed 12,941 tons in one twenty-four (24) hour period, with Allied planes landed 12,941 tons in one twenty-four (24) hour period, with

planes landing every 61.8 secondsplanes landing every 61.8 seconds 1,592,787 tons of supplies total was brought into Berlin; this is equal to the 1,592,787 tons of supplies total was brought into Berlin; this is equal to the

weight of 80,000 whales!weight of 80,000 whales!

Page 9: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin Airlift/Berlin Airlift/BlockadeBlockade

Who was involved?Who was involved?

Russia refused to Russia refused to allow food in to the allow food in to the Western Zones of Germany; Western Zones of Germany; they used hostility and they used hostility and repression to gain control of the Berlin policerepression to gain control of the Berlin police

Western Zone - the Western zone was dependent on Western Zone - the Western zone was dependent on supplies shipped in by rail and trucksupplies shipped in by rail and truck

America - The Berlin Airlift was called "Operation Vittles" America - The Berlin Airlift was called "Operation Vittles" by the Americans, and the Americans airlifted goods inby the Americans, and the Americans airlifted goods in

Page 10: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift/ Blockade/ Blockade

End Result:End Result: The West Berliners continually The West Berliners continually

fought off Soviet attempts to fought off Soviet attempts to take them over because it was take them over because it was obvious the airlift could go on foreverobvious the airlift could go on forever

May 1949May 1949, the airlift had become so damaging to the , the airlift had become so damaging to the Communists that Stalin was forced to back downCommunists that Stalin was forced to back down

May 12, 1949May 12, 1949 - the Soviets called off the blockade but - the Soviets called off the blockade but American and British flights still supplied the city until American and British flights still supplied the city until September 1949 in case Russia changed their mindsSeptember 1949 in case Russia changed their minds

Page 11: Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

Pictures Works CitedPictures Works Cited(Pic. Pg 1)(Pic. Pg 1)http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/Photos/Russia/BerlinWall.jpg&imgrefurl=http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/Photos/Russia/BerlinWall.jpg&imgrefurl=http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/

evans/his135/Assignments/evans/his135/Assignments/Paragraph1.html&usg=__CAjVVNj2fgUY72h6jVC6Q208z80=&h=308&w=550&sz=113&hl=en&start=2&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Epf0FLZIj_PeOM:Paragraph1.html&usg=__CAjVVNj2fgUY72h6jVC6Q208z80=&h=308&w=550&sz=113&hl=en&start=2&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Epf0FLZIj_PeOM:&tbnh=74&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBerlin%2Bwall%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1I7ADBS_en%26tbs&tbnh=74&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBerlin%2Bwall%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1I7ADBS_en%26tbs%3Disch:1%3Disch:1

(Pic. Pg 2)(Pic. Pg 2)http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://scrapetv.com/News/News%2520Pages/Everyone%2520Else/images-4/berlin-wall-falling-http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://scrapetv.com/News/News%2520Pages/Everyone%2520Else/images-4/berlin-wall-falling-

3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://scrapetv.com/News/News%2520Pages/Everyone%2520Else/pages-4/Millions-celebrate-lousy-construction-of-Berlin-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://scrapetv.com/News/News%2520Pages/Everyone%2520Else/pages-4/Millions-celebrate-lousy-construction-of-Berlin-Wall-Scrape-TV-The-World-on-your-side.html&usg=__0DX5oLXs4wh-Y-Wall-Scrape-TV-The-World-on-your-side.html&usg=__0DX5oLXs4wh-Y-XorOiuDHutNu4=&h=303&w=400&sz=18&hl=en&start=6&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3Z9M6fBnjwfvFM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3FqXorOiuDHutNu4=&h=303&w=400&sz=18&hl=en&start=6&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3Z9M6fBnjwfvFM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBerlin%2Bwall%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1I7ADBS_en%26tbs%3Disch:1%3DBerlin%2Bwall%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1I7ADBS_en%26tbs%3Disch:1

(Pic. Pg 3) (Pic. Pg 3) http://247things.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/berlin-wall.jpg(Pic. Pg 4) http://www.thefinestwriter.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/the-most-memorable-photos-of-the-fall-of-berlin-the-wall-2.jpg(Pic. Pg 4) http://www.thefinestwriter.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/the-most-memorable-photos-of-the-fall-of-berlin-the-wall-2.jpg(Pic. Pg 5) (Pic. Pg 5) http://www.dailysoft.com/berlinwall/xgraphics/archive/maps/berlinmap_01.jpg(Pic. Pg 7) http://www.dhm.de/sammlungen/gifs/sammlungen/bildarchiv/IV/schirner/19957.jpg(Pic. Pg 7) http://www.dhm.de/sammlungen/gifs/sammlungen/bildarchiv/IV/schirner/19957.jpg(Pic. Pg 8) http://iconicphotos.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/berlin_airlift.jpg(Pic. Pg 8) http://iconicphotos.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/berlin_airlift.jpg(Pic. Pg 8) http://www.clker.com/clipart-24989.html(Pic. Pg 8) http://www.clker.com/clipart-24989.html(Pic. Pg 9)(Pic. Pg 9)http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/BERLIN_A/TOON6.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.trumanlibrary.org/http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/BERLIN_A/TOON6.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.trumanlibrary.org/

whistlestop/BERLIN_A/CARTO_12.HTM&usg=__nQ1qqxjH9VGi3-whistlestop/BERLIN_A/CARTO_12.HTM&usg=__nQ1qqxjH9VGi3-vB7YKQRAe0ZKQ=&h=486&w=473&sz=129&hl=en&start=5&itbs=1&tbnid=DOcBBEDLHG5QRM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3FqvB7YKQRAe0ZKQ=&h=486&w=473&sz=129&hl=en&start=5&itbs=1&tbnid=DOcBBEDLHG5QRM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dberlin%2Bairlift%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1%3Dberlin%2Bairlift%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1

(Pic. Pg 10) http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.konnections.com/airlift/Candy01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.konnections.com/airlift/(Pic. Pg 10) http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.konnections.com/airlift/Candy01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.konnections.com/airlift/autograph.htm&usg=__jd4TNdCCpHQRc9GElzgk7PS_cS0=&h=494&w=548&sz=76&hl=en&start=21&itbs=1&tbnid=uMGodsjN3egEkM:&tbnh=autograph.htm&usg=__jd4TNdCCpHQRc9GElzgk7PS_cS0=&h=494&w=548&sz=76&hl=en&start=21&itbs=1&tbnid=uMGodsjN3egEkM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dberlin%2Bairlift%26start%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1120&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dberlin%2Bairlift%26start%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1

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Works CitedWorks Cited

"Berlin Airlift." "Berlin Airlift." Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. History: WarGale Encyclopedia of U.S. History: War. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht and Dwayne D. Hayes.. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht and Dwayne D. Hayes.

Detroit: Gale, 2008. Detroit: Gale, 2008. Student Resource Center - GoldStudent Resource Center - Gold. Web. 25 May 2010.. Web. 25 May 2010.

"Berlin Airlift." "Berlin Airlift." United States HistoryUnited States History. Web. 24 May 2010. http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1758.html. . Web. 24 May 2010. http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1758.html.

"Berlin Wall." "Berlin Wall." Berlin Life | Travel Guide | Berlin Apartments Hotels Restaurants Bars Pubs and Berlin Life | Travel Guide | Berlin Apartments Hotels Restaurants Bars Pubs and

Shops Berlin | GermanyShops Berlin | Germany. Web. 25 May 2010. <http://www.berlin-life.com/berlin/wall>.. Web. 25 May 2010. <http://www.berlin-life.com/berlin/wall>.

"The Berlin Airlift and NATO []." "The Berlin Airlift and NATO []." Ushistory.orgUshistory.org. Web. 24 May 2010. http://www.ushistory.org/us/52d.asp. . Web. 24 May 2010. http://www.ushistory.org/us/52d.asp.

"The Berlin Airlift, June 24, 1948-May 12, 1949." "The Berlin Airlift, June 24, 1948-May 12, 1949." DISCovering U.S. HistoryDISCovering U.S. History. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, . Online ed. Detroit: Gale,

2003. 2003. Student Resource Center - GoldStudent Resource Center - Gold. Web. 25 May 2010.. Web. 25 May 2010.