Basic Referee Course

Basic Referee 2/22/06-A 1

Basic Referee CourseBasic Referee Course Regional Referee Badge

Required for U9 and above No Prerequisites

Requirements: Register for course Attend course Sign roster Pass test Signed volunteer application Field clinic (recommended)


Basic Referee CourseBasic Referee Course *** Opening Remarks (Introductions & Housekeeping) (15 min.) *** Module 1 Safe Haven Certification (45 min.) [video] Module 2 The Game of Soccer (15 min.) Module 3 Pre-game Preparation (15 min.) [video] Module 4 Starting the Game (15 min.) Module 5 Stopping Play (15 min.) Module 6 Restarting Play (90 min.) [video][field][class] *** Lunch Served (30 min.) *** Module 7 Fouls (45 min.) [video] Module 8 Misconduct (15 min.) Module 9 Offside (45 min.) (Will use The Soccer Tutor) Module 10 Referee and Assistant Referee Mechanics (30 min.) Module 11 Post Game (10 min.) [video] *** Break (5 min. *** Module 12 Understanding the AYSO Game (25 min.) *** Basic Referee Test and Review (30 min.) *** Field Positioning Clinic (30 min.) [field]

—Agenda —


Basic Referee Course IntroBasic Referee Course Intro 3 min.


Why Are You Here?Why Are You Here?

Top Reasons: I need the money My spouse signed me up If I don’t do it my kids can’t play Youth Referee Benefits

Whatever your reason for being here — Let’s make it an enjoyable learning experience!

Community service - Yes Earn registration fees - Yes Earn referee points for team - Yes


Safe Haven CertificationSafe Haven Certification (Referee)(Referee)

Module

1


About AYSOAbout AYSO A volunteer run soccer organization

Over 650,000 players Over 300,000 volunteers About 60 paid staff

Organized into about 15 Sections 50 Areas 1000 Local Regions

Founded in 1964 in Torrance CA National office located in Hawthorne, CA

(1-800-USA-AYSO or www.soccer.org)


What is Safe Haven?What is Safe Haven? An AYSO program developed to help us protect:

The kids in our program, and Ourselves

Safe Haven Includes: Rules & Regulations Polices & Procedures Job Descriptions Certification & Training Background Checks (conducted by National)

Certification: Child-specific Safe Haven courses. Training: Discipline-specific courses e.g. coach,

referee and management training.


AYSO PhilosophyAYSO Philosophy Everyone Plays

Our program goal is for kids to play soccer — so we mandate that every player on every team must play at least half of every game

Balanced Teams Each year we form new teams as evenly balanced as possible — because it is fair and

more fun when teams of equal ability play.

Open Registration Our program is open to all children between 4 and 19 years of age who want to

register and play soccer. Interest and enthusiasm are the only criteria for playing.

Positive Coaching Encouragement of player effort provides for greater enjoyment by the players and

ultimately leads to better-skilled and better-motivated players.

Good Sportsmanship We strive to create a positive environment based on mutual respect rather than a win-

at-all-costs attitude, and our program is designed to instill good sportsmanship in every facet of AYSO.


Volunteer ResponsibilitiesVolunteer Responsibilities& Legal Protections

Submit a volunteer application form every year.

Follow AYSO job descriptions, policies, procedures and guidelines.

Volunteers are also required to: Complete Safe Haven Certification Be properly trained Be authorized to do their job

Protected by Good Samaritan Laws Volunteer Protection Act of 1997


Alcohol, Tobacco & Other DrugsAlcohol, Tobacco & Other Drugs

Volunteers are role models. AYSO National Rules & Regulations

prohibit use of these products. Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 does

not provide protection for criminal acts.


Supervision PoliciesSupervision Policies

Recommended supervision ratios: One adult per 8 or fewer children (1:8) At least 2 adults present at all times. At least 1 adult of the same gender.

Volunteers should never be alone with children.


Types of AbuseTypes of Abuse

Emotional Physical Sexual

Neglect Ethical

3 Widely Recognized

2 Newly Recognized


Prevent False AccusationsPrevent False Accusations

Avoid being alone with a child. Stay within sight of others. Respect their privacy and yours. Hug only from the side. Avoid sexual jokes, comments or

gestures. Do not use corporal punishment.


AYSO Touching PolicyAYSO Touching Policy

Some forms of touching are acceptable. In response to child’s not adult’s needs. Touch only with child’s permission

Resistance must be respected. Touching must be brief in duration. Avoid touching child’s private areas. Never touch a child when out of sight. Factors will change with age and gender.


Blood-Borne DiseasesBlood-Borne Diseases

Possibility of contracting a blood-borne disease is minimal.

Precautions must be taken. AYSO guidelines are clear.

Cannot play if bleeding Must properly cover wounds Must disinfect clothing (coach)


Risk ManagementRisk Management

Volunteers must act to avoid risk. Consider environmental conditions Repair or avoid physical surroundings Act to prevent injury


AYSO Team ConceptAYSO Team Concept

The “Team” must work together to protect the kids and to provide them with a proper environment for development.

A team is only as strong as its weakest link.


Making a Safe HavenMaking a Safe Haven

If: You learn your job Follow the rules & regulations Report and follow up on problems Use common sense

You will create a Safe Haven for yourself and for our children.


Safe Haven ConfirmationSafe Haven Confirmation1. AYSO Volunteers must complete, sign and submit a Volunteer Application form only

once.

2. All AYSO coaches and referees are required to do the following: complete Safe Haven Certification, be properly trained in their jobs and be authorized to do their job by the appropriate AYSO authority.

3. The Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 grants immunity for volunteers from certain types of prosecution, including offenses involving alcohol, tobacco products and illegal or prescription only drugs.AYSO is based which five key philosophies.

4. Training is defined as the education a volunteer receives to do a specific job or task.

5. Certification is Safe Haven specific and confirms key competencies in a volunteer.

6. The recommended supervision ratio is 1:16.

7. AYSO recommends that at least two adults be present when children are being supervised and at least one adult be of the same gender as the children being supervised.

8. Psychologists, legislators and educators around the country generally recognize only the following three types of abuse: Emotional, physical and sexual.


Safe Haven ConfirmationSafe Haven Confirmation9. AYSO volunteers should avoid situations, including transporting youngsters in a

car, in which they are alone with a child other than their own.

10. Some forms of touching children are acceptable as long as they are respectful and appropriate.

11. Criticism of referee decisions is a part of sport and need not be discouraged in young players.

12. Players emulate the behavior of adults at sporting events and develop lasting attitudes and values based on the behavior modeled by adults in youth sports.

13. Physical features such as sprinkler heads, goal posts and walls may present significant hazards.

14. The possibility of contracting a blood-borne disease such as AIDS or hepatitis B through athletic activity is high.

15. The 5 basic philosophies of AYSO are Everyone Plays, Balanced Teams, Open Registration, Positive Coaching and Good Sportsmanship.


ConclusionConclusion

This Concludes Safe Haven Certification

——————Please Complete the

Safe Haven Certification Test


The Game of SoccerThe Game of Soccer

Module

2


““Soccer For Dummies”Soccer For Dummies” Soccer is

a game played by two opposing teams, in two halves of equal time, with a spherical ball, on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.

The object of the game is to get the ball entirely over your opponents’ goal line and inside their goal, without using your hands or arms.

After the kick-off, play is continuous until either: The ball entirely leaves the field of play, or The referee blows the whistle.

Play is restarted fairly based on why it was stopped. The referee’s job is to keep the game

— SAFE, FAIR and FUN for everyone.…


History of the GameHistory of the Game Known as “Association Football” Historical Roots — Kicking an “object”

from one goal to another goal. Modern Game — LOTG written in 1863

at a meeting in Fleet Street, London. FIFA was created in Paris in 1904 and

moved to Zurich in 1974. AYSO complies with FIFA Laws.

(Our special rules all fit under FIFA exceptions for youth soccer)


Spirit of the GameSpirit of the Game Over-riding philosophy — “Spirit of Fair Play”

If ball leaves the field, the other team gets to restart. (throw-in, goal kick or corner kick)

For infringements of the Law opponents receive a free kick (direct free kick, indirect free kick or penalty kick)

In the extreme, but only if necessary, a caution or send-off. Game should be SAFE, FAIR and FUN. Referee has full authority to enforce the LOTG

Referee’s degree of discretion is fundamental and unique. Authority to stop, suspend, or terminate, at his/her discretion.

Game is meant to flow continuously Played with as little interference as possible, Stops only if ball completely leaves the field, or Referee blows the whistle


Spirit of the GameSpirit of the Game (Rules & Regs)

National Rules & Regulations “The Laws of the Game are intended to provide

that games should be played with as little interference as possible, and in this view it is the duty of the referee to penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law”.

“Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful breaches produces bad feelings and loss of temper on the part of the players and spoils the pleasure of spectators”.


Philosophy of RefereeingPhilosophy of Refereeing

Be a friendly “aunt or uncle” not a policeman.

Maintain a fun learning environment. Know, understand and apply the rules.

— Use common sense — You must see an infraction to punish it. The need to caution or send-off a young

player is extremely rare and can usually be avoided.


Small-sided PlaySmall-sided Play

Smaller fields mean more games. More touches on the ball. Faster skill development. Must check local rules

Number of players Field sizes and markings Special rules


Dealing with Young PlayersDealing with Young Players

U-6/8 Program — A taste of the game Positive sports experience – Teamwork – Basic skills

U-6 — Early stages of development Exciting new experience – Just another way to play Can’t sit still – Love praise & attention – Love stories

U-8 — Increased coordination & strength Show both enthusiasm & frustration More competitive, sometimes overwhelmed Solve problems – Balance on one foot – Self concept

Positive Coaching is Mandatory Positive – Instructional – Encouraging


Age Specific IssuesAge Specific Issues

U-6 Very simple rules — just fun U-8 Simple rules — start learning game U-10The whole game — control parents U-12Skills better — parents better U-14Hormones kick in — control is key U-16Better be in shape — fouls galore U-19A little easier — if you can keep up


ReviewReview Soccer is a game with a long & interesting history. Underlying “Spirit of the Game” is Fairness. AYSO is based on five key philosophies. We want a SAFE, FAIR and FUN environment. No Tobacco or Alcohol permitted. “AYSO Team” must work together for the kids. Referee should be a “Friendly Authority.” Referee must understand and adjust to age

differences.


ConfirmationConfirmation What are the 3 elements of positive coaching? A coach may smoke if the players cannot see it? If a member of the AYSO Team does not support

the team who gets hurt? In which city were the LOTG first written? The main focus of the “Spirit of the Game” is? Should referees act like

Dirty Harry or Mr. Rogers? A young player who misbehaves must be publicly

disciplined as an example?


Wrap-upWrap-up

Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees. Take advantage of it.

…... Applause


Pre-game PreparationPre-game Preparation

Module

3


Pre-game PreparationPre-game Preparation5 min.


Field IssuesField Issues

The coaches’ area is an important aid in reducing sideline problems. Coaches’ Area exists even if not marked Mark one if necessary (use cones or bags)

AYSO fields may not be perfect. goal posts, nets, corner

flags, lines, coaches’ area, holes, water, mud, debris,

sprinkler heads. Use common sense

play the game if it’s safe.


Ball IssuesBall Issues The referee is responsible for securing

and approving a proper ball for the match See lineup card or AYSO LOTG for correct size. Check the number on the ball, don’t guess. Smooth, no loose panels, most colors are okay. Not too hard or too soft – depress ¼ inch. Rotates evenly when tossed. May need backup balls. The home team is generally responsible for providing

game balls, and has the right to do so. Regional or competition policies

concerning the game ball may vary.


Uniform & Safety IssuesUniform & Safety Issues Players must have the required equipment

(shirt, shorts, shinguards, socks and shoes). All players on a team, except the goalkeeper, should

have the same uniforms. Teams and goalkeepers must be reasonably

distinguishable from each other. (home must change) Socks must be put on over the shinguards and

completely cover them. Allowed: Prescription glasses, medical alert bracelets

and knee braces, unless they are clearly unsafe. Not allowed: Jewelry, casts or splints, hats with hard

bills. Nothing dangerous is allowed.


Referee Pre-game ChecklistReferee Pre-game Checklist

Arrive: ½ hour early, properly dressed, warm-up,smile, be prepared to have FUN.

Bring: Uniform, badge, coin, whistle, flags, Law book, Nat’l. Rules & Regs, watch, pencil, pad, shoes.

Referees: Shake hands, review responsibilities.Coaches: Shake hands, get game cards, #subs. (AYSO Team)Field: Check goal posts, nets, holes, water, mud, debris,

sprinkler heads, lines, coaches’ area, corner flags.Players: Check for: safe shoes, shinguards, socks, jewelry,

uniform colors, goalkeeper colors, hats, shoes tied properly, shirts tucked in.

Ball: Obtain and inspect the game ball.Start: Conduct coin toss.


ConfirmationConfirmation What do you need to bring to the field? What would you do if a child says that a soft

friendship bracelet cannot be removed? What would you do if a player is wearing a cast

that is wrapped in ½” closed-cell, slow-recovery foam with no hard edges showing?

Why play small-sided games? Why is the coaches’ area required by AYSO? Which is worse, a ball that is too hard, or too soft? What are the two most important things to

consider when deciding if a field is playable?


Wrap-upWrap-up

A referee who comes to the field on time, prepared and with a positive attitude, has a much better chance of enjoying the experience.

…... Applause


Starting the GameStarting the Game

Module

4


Coin TossCoin Toss

Don’t forget to bring a coin! Visiting team gets to make the call. Winner chooses which end to attack first. Loser kicks off to start game. At the start of the 2nd half

Teams switch ends of the field. Team that didn’t kick off to start the game, kicks off

to start the 2nd half. Kick off is in the same direction as the 1st half.


Players and SubstitutesPlayers and Substitutes

In full-sided games each team must have at least 7 and no more than 11 players.

AYSO U-6 — 3 v 3 and 5 players per team. * On the lineup card

Mark any players who are missing or unable to play, and any who later become injured.

Mark substitutes on the lineup card. Count players on the field before the kick-off. Notify coach if any player is playing less than

the minimum playing time.* (Report if not corrected)

* Check local rules for team sizes and minimum playing times.


The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball stationary and all

players in their own half. Receiving players outside

the center circle. Referee checks positions

then signals start. (whistle) Ball must be kicked forward.

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves forward. If not taken correctly, the kick-off is retaken. Kicker may not touch the ball again until it touches

another player. (IFK awarded to opponents) A goal can be scored directly from a kick-off.


Keeping TimeKeeping Time

Referee is the official timekeeper. The game is played in two halves of equal time.

—See times on the lineup card — Start clock when ball is in play

Time runs continuously except for substitutions and half-time.*

Referee allows substitutions approximately midway through each half. —Usually when play is already stopped.

Referee may add time lost by excessive time wasting, injuries, or unavoidable occurrences.*

* Check local competition rules


ConfirmationConfirmation

Who kicks off to start the game? Are substitutes considered players? Minimum number of players on a full sized team? Can a goal be scored directly from a kick-off? When is the clock stopped? When is the game over?


Wrap-upWrap-up

The best way to start a game is — On time !

…... Applause


Stopping PlayStopping Play

Module

5


Ball In/Out of PlayBall In/Out of Play

Lines are part of the areas they enclose.

Touch lines and goal lines are part of the field. (Boundary lines)

Ball is out of play when it wholly crosses a touch line or a goal line, on the ground or in the air.

Only D is out of play. The ball’s position determines whether it is in or

out of play, not the player’s position.

Restarts are covered later


Goal ScoredGoal Scored Goal lines are part of

the field. The ball’s position

determines if it is a goal, not the goalkeeper’s position.

A goal is scored when the ball wholly crosses the goal line, on the ground or in the air, under the crossbar and between the goalposts.

Only D is a goal.


Injury or Outside InterferenceInjury or Outside Interference Take immediate action. (Use common sense) Injury Prevention

- Be safety conscious - Move location - Correct problems - Cancel if necessary - Modify activity or rules - Report problems

Bleeding PlayerMust leave field until bleeding is stopped, wound is covered and any blood on clothing is disinfected.

Outside Interference Stop if it is unsafe, unfair, or unsporting behavior.


SubstitutionsSubstitutions

Made at approximately the middle of each half, at half-time, or for injuries.

Try to stop when ball is out of play. Mark substitutes on the lineup card. Inform coach if a player is not playing the

minimum time. (Report if not corrected) Substitutions should be made as quickly

as possible. Restart based on why play was stopped.


End of Half or GameEnd of Half or Game

Referee signals the end of each half when regulation time and any stoppage time for that half has expired.

The half or game ends when the referee decides that time has expired.

Stoppage time should be added only for unusual delays, e.g. a serious injury, excessive time wasting, or a long delay caused by outside interference.* * local rules vary concerning stoppage time


Fouls or MisconductFouls or Misconduct

Referee blows the whistle to stop play if a foul or misconduct occurs.

Fouls must be: against an opponent, on the field of play, and while the ball is in play.

The referee may chose to wait until the ball is out of play to penalize misconduct.

In the lower divisions the primary consideration for stopping play to award a free kick is whether the act caused danger to or lessened the enjoyment of any of the participants.



When should the referee stop the game for an apparent injury?

When is the ball out of play? What is the difference between a foul

and misconduct?


Wrap-upWrap-up

The game is meant to be played with as little interference as possible.

When stopping a game use common sense and consider the age and experience of the players.

…... Applause


Restarting PlayRestarting Play

Module

6


Fairness of RestartsFairness of Restarts When the ball leaves the field of play it

is put back in play by the team that did not touch it last.

When a player commits a foul an opponent puts the ball back in play.


General Rules for RestartsGeneral Rules for Restarts

Restarts are to be made without any interference or distraction by opponents.

Opponents must stay a safe and fair distance away.

Player taking the restart may not touch the ball again until it touches another player. Otherwise a free kick is awarded to opponents.

No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch


Overview of RestartsOverview of Restarts



Restarts – Ball Leaves Field10 min.


Field Clinic - RestartsField Clinic - Restarts Field (2 Hours)

Referee & AR Mechanics (Signaling) Area A: TI — Area B: GK,CK & PK — Area C: KO,DFK,IFK & DB


The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball is stationary and all

players are in their own half. Opposing players must be

outside the center circle. Referee checks positions

then signals start. (whistle) Ball must be kicked forward.

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves forward. If not taken correctly, the kick-off is retaken. Kicker may not touch the ball again until it touches

another player. (IFK is awarded to opponents) A goal can be scored directly from a kick-off.


Throw-inThrow-in

Thrower must — Face the field of play Have part of each foot —

Touching the ground, and On or behind the touchline

Must use both hands to throw the ball from behind and over the head.

Ball is in play when released and any portion is on or over the outside edge of the touch line.

Opponents at least 2 yards from thrower A goal may not be scored from a throw-in.

Taken when ball goes over the touch-line. (All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch


Goal KickGoal Kick

Taken from anywhere in the goal area. Lines are part of the

area they enclose.

Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by attacking team. (All general restart rules apply)

Opponents must move out of penalty area. Ball is in play when it leaves penalty area. A goal may be scored directly, but only

against opponents.



Corner KickCorner Kick

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves. Can score directly into opponents goal.

Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by defending team. (All general restart rules apply)

Ball is placed in the corner area on the side where it left the field. Lines are part of the area. Only E is incorrect Player cannot move flag



Free KickFree Kick

Direct (DFK) or Indirect (IFK) IFK – Cannot score until the ball touches

another player. (Referee holds up arm until then) Only DFK in AYSO recommended U6/8 rules.

Taken from the place where the infringement occurred.

Opponents must be at least 10 yards* from the ball. (* Subject to small-sided & goal area issues.)

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves.

(All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch


Penalty KickPenalty Kick

All players except GK and kicker must be: Behind the ball Outside penalty area At least 10 yards from

ball (outside arc)

Taken when a DFK foul is committed by a defender in their own penalty area. (All general restart rules apply)

Only A & B are in correct positions. Goalkeeper may move laterally along goal line. Referee signals (whistle) when players are ready. Retaken or IFK if not taken correctly. (Spirit of Fairness)



Dropped BallDropped Ball When play is stopped by the referee for an

unusual reason, e.g an injury or outside interference, the game is restarted with a “dropped ball.”

The ball is dropped by the referee where it was when play stopped, but never in the goal area.

The ball is in play when it hits the ground. Drop it from about the player’s waist height.



What are the 3 general rules for restarts? Where is a free kick taken? Where is a “dropped ball” taken? A player

is taking a DFK from inside the goal area, when is the ball in play?

If a penal foul is not too bad should the referee award an IFK?


Wrap-upWrap-up

When you stop play it is a really good idea to know how to restart it!

…... Applause


Lunch Break

30 Minutes


FoulsFouls

Module

7


Restarts - Fouls10 min.


Fouls—DefinedFouls—Defined Foul–Any unfair or unsafe act committed

By a player Against an opponent (or the opposing team) On the field of play While the ball is in play

Fouls are penalized by the awarding of a free kick to the opposing team at the place where the foul occurred. * * This symbol is used throughout this presentation to indicate special circumstances as described later.


Types of FoulsTypes of Fouls

10 Penal Fouls Punished with a direct free kick (DFK) or, Penalty kick (PK) if the foul is committed by a

team inside its own penalty area.

8 Non-penal Fouls Punished with an indirect free kick (IFK)*.


Penal Fouls—GeneralPenal Fouls—General Some actions are penal fouls only if they are

committed in a manner that the referee considers to be careless, reckless, or involving excessive force. (C-REF)

Careless: Did not exercise due caution Reckless: Unnatural movement to intimidate or gain an unfair

advantage Excessive Force: Far exceeded necessary force

On the other hand, the mere attempt to commit certain actions are penal fouls.

Penal fouls are punished with a DFK taken from where the offense occurred (or a PK if the foul occurs inside the offending player’s penalty area).

[Penal][Penal]


6 Require C-REF----------------------------Kicking an opponent **Tripping an opponent **Striking an opponent **Jumping At an opponentPushing an opponentCharging an opponent

4 Do Not Require C-REF------------------------------------------Tackling an opponent before the ballHolding an opponentHandling the ball (deliberately)Spitting at an opponent

C-REF = Careless, Reckless, or Excessive Force

Restart: Direct Free Kick (DFK) or Penalty Kick (PK)

** Attempt is a Foul

The 10 Penal FoulsThe 10 Penal Fouls [Penal][Penal]


KickingKicking A player kicking or attempting to kick an

opponent, in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.

If the kicker makes no attempt to play the ball, but deliberately kicks an opponent the action should be considered violent conduct, and the kicker should be sent off and shown the red card.

[Penal][Penal]


TrippingTripping

Tripping or attempting to trip is an offense if it is clearly directed at an opponent and causes the opponent to falter or fall.

Referees must carefully distinguish between an act of tripping and the fact of being tripped.

Tripping is not a foul. Tripping an opponent in a C-REF manner is a foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred, not where the opponent lands.

[Penal][Penal]


StrikingStriking A player striking or attempting to strike an opponent

in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul. The foul is considered to have occurred at the

place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.

Striking includes the use of any object (including the ball) as well as the hands, arms, or head.

Striking may also be misconduct, either serious foul play or violent conduct.

[Penal][Penal]


Jumping AtJumping At

A player who jumps at an opponent in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.

If the jump was made in the process of playing the ball, then the player should not be penalized, unless in the opinion of the referee, the jump was made in a C-REF manner.

[Penal][Penal]


PushingPushing

A player pushing an opponent, in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul.

Pushing an opponent in a C-REF manner with any part of the body, whether playing the ball or not, is a penal foul.

Fairly charging an opponent while playing the ball, or in playing distance of the ball and able to play it, is allowed. (see “Charging”)

[Penal][Penal]


Charging—DefinedCharging—Defined

Charging is defined as making contact with an opponent in an effort to move the opponent away from the ball.

A fair charge is made with the shoulder or upper arm as near to shoulder to the opponent’s shoulder as possible, in a staccato manner.


ChargingCharging Charging an opponent, in a C-REF manner, is a

penal foul. Contact may also be made on the shoulder blade

of the opponent but only if the opponent is fairly obstructing.

Fairly charging an opponent while not in playing distance of the ball is penalized by an IFK.

It is a violation of the Law to fairly charge an opponent who is already being fairly charged by another player. ( A “Sandwich” is considered holding)

[Penal][Penal]


TacklingTackling

Tackling an opponent, making contact with the opponent before touching the ball, is a penal foul.

Touching the ball first does not necessarily mean that a foul was not committed. If the tackle is performed in a C-REF manner, one of the other penal fouls will most likely have been committed.

A tackle which endangers the safety of an opponent should also be punished as serious foul play.

Tackling means using your feet to move the ball away from the feet of an opponent. It is usually fair play.

[Penal][Penal]


HoldingHolding

Holding an opponent includes the act of stretching the arms out to prevent an opponent from moving past or around, and is a penal foul.

A player who blatantly holds onto and pulls an opponent’s clothing should also be cautioned, and shown the yellow card.

[Penal][Penal]


Handling the BallHandling the Ball Handling the ball involves deliberate contact with

the ball by a player’s hand, or arm. Deliberate contact means any one of the following:

The player could have avoided the touch but didn’t. The player’s arms were not in normal playing position. The player deliberately continued an initially accidental contact in an

attempt to gain an unfair advantage.

Moving hands or arms instinctively to protect the body when suddenly faced with a fast approaching ball does not constitute deliberate contact unless there is subsequent action to direct the ball.

The fact that a player may benefit from the ball contacting the hand does not make an accidental event a foul.

[Penal][Penal]


SpittingSpitting

Spitting at an opponent, on the field of play, while the ball is in play is a penal foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact with the opponent occurred, or would have occurred.

Spitting at an opponent, or anyone else is also a sending-off (red card) offense.

[Penal][Penal]


Non-Penal Fouls - Non-Penal Fouls - GeneralGeneral

Non-penal fouls are divided into two categories: Those committed only by a goalkeeper, and Those committed by any player.

The goalkeeper is considered to be in control of the ball by touching it with any part of his hand or arms.

Possession of the ball includes the goalkeeper deliberately parrying the ball, but does not include the circumstances where, in the opinion of the referee, the ball rebounds accidentally from the goalkeeper, for example after he makes a save.

Non-penal fouls are punished with an IFK taken from where the offense occurred. *

[Non-penal][Non-penal]


The 8 Non-Penal Fouls (Summary)The 8 Non-Penal Fouls (Summary)

By a Goalkeeper• Controls ball with hands for more than 6 seconds.

• Handles ball directly from a teammate’s throw-in

• Handles ball deliberately kicked to him by a teammate.

• Handles ball a 2nd time after releasing control of it.

By Another Player• Plays in a dangerous manner.

• Impedes the progress of an opponent.

• Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball.

• Any other offense not mentioned in the Laws where play is stopped to issue a caution or to send off a player.

Restart: Indirect Free Kick (IFK) from where the foul occurred. *.



Goalkeeper Six Second ViolationGoalkeeper Six Second Violation A GK controlling the ball with the hands for more

than 6 seconds commits a non-penal foul. The 6 seconds does not include the time it takes

the GK to take control of the ball or to recover from momentum.

If the GK is making a reasonable effort to release the ball into play, the referee should give him the benefit of the doubt.

Releasing the ball into play means no longer controlling it with the hands.



GoalkeeperGoalkeeper Handles Throw-in Handles Throw-in

It is a non-penal foul if the goalkeeper handles the ball inside his own penalty area after it has been thrown in by a teammate and has not touched another player.

The goalkeeper may handle a ball directly thrown to him by an opponent.



GK Handles Ball Kicked by TeammateGK Handles Ball Kicked by Teammate

It is a non-penal foul if a goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands inside his own penalty area, after it has been deliberately kicked, by a teammate, to him or to a place where he can legally handle it.

“Deliberately kicked” does not include situations where, in the opinion of the referee, the ball has been accidentally deflected, or misdirected.

The IFK is taken from the place where the goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands.*



GK 2nd TouchGK 2nd Touch

It is a non-penal foul if the goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands after he has released it from his hands, and it has not yet touched any other player.

When a goalkeeper releases the ball into play from her hands she may continue to play the ball as long as she does not touch it with her hands again until it has been touched as described above.



Dangerous PlayDangerous Play

If, in the opinion of the referee, a player acts in a manner that is dangerous to himself or anyone else, and that action causes a nearby opponent to cease playing the ball or to be otherwise disadvantaged, then that player is “playing in a dangerous manner,” and has committed a non-penal foul.

If, in a game involving very young players, a dangerous situation occurs, the referee may stop play to eliminate the danger, even if an opponent is not nearby. In this case, the game would be restated with a dropped ball (DB).

Dangerous play is the non-penal foul most often seen in youth games.



Impeding an OpponentImpeding an Opponent

Impeding the progress of an opponent is a non-penal foul.

This offense requires that the ball is not within playing distance or not capable of being played.

Physical contact between the player and the opponent is normally absent.

There are many occasions during a game when a player will come between an opponent and the ball, but in a majority of such instances, this is quite natural and fair.

Impeding means moving on the field so as to obstruct, interfere with, or block the path of an opponent.



Preventing GK from Releasing BallPreventing GK from Releasing Ball

It is a non-penal foul for a player to prevent an opposing goalkeeper from releasing the ball into play from his hands.

A verbal warning for a first offense may be more fair than an IFK.



Other OffensesOther Offenses

A player who charges an opponent in an otherwise legal manner, but away from the ball, is penalized with an IFK. If the charge was made in a C-REF manner, the penalty would be a DFK, or PK.

When the goalkeeper does not have possession of the ball (in his hands) he may be fairly charged like any other player.

However, when he has possession of the ball (in his hands), he may not be charged.

Any other offense, not mentioned in Law 12, for which play is stopped to caution or send off a player, is penalized with an IFK.




A foul is penal or non-penal based on how bad it is? At the taking of a free kick when is the ball in play? For which penal fouls is the attempt itself a foul? Is “high-kicking” dangerous play? What are the 4 most common penal fouls in younger

players’ games?


Wrap-upWrap-up

Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees.

On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.

Any questions?


MisconductMisconduct

Module

8


Types of MisconductTypes of Misconduct

7 Cautionable Offenses Show Yellow Card

7 Sending-off Offenses Show Red Card


Cautionable OffensesCautionable Offenses

7 Cautionable Offenses Unsporting behavior Dissent by word or action Persistent infringement Delay restart Fail to respect distance on restart Enter field without permission Leave field without permission


Sending-off OffencesSending-off Offences

7 Sending-off Offences Serious foul play Violent conduct Spits at opponent or anyone else Denies OGSO by handling the ball Denies OGSO to an opponent moving

toward the goal by committing a foul Offensive, insulting or abusive language

and/or gestures A second caution in the same game


OffsideOffside

Module

9Use of The Soccer Tutor™ to teach offside is recommended.


Offside DefinedOffside Defined Player is in the Wrong Place, at the

Wrong Time, and is involved in Active Play. Wrong Place

Ahead of the ball Ahead of the 2nd last defender Not in own half of the field

Wrong Time When the ball is played by or touches a teammate

Involved in Active Play Interferes with play Interferes with an opponent Gains an advantage


Offside—Examples 1Offside—Examples 1

Clearly Offside In offside position when ball

played by teammate Interfered with play

Module 11

Clearly Offside In offside position when ball

played by teammate Interfered with play



Not Offside B was not in an offside

position when his teammate played the ball.

Module 11

Not Offside B was in an offside position

when his teammate played the ball, but

B was not involved in active play.



Offside B was in an offside

position when teammate A played the ball, and then interfered with play.

Module 11

Not Offside B was not in an offside

position when teammate A played the ball.


ConfirmationConfirmation What 3 conditions must exist for you to

correctly signal an offside infraction? What 3 conditions must exist for a player

to be in an offside position? What 3 actions are considered as

“being involved in active play”? How does the referee signal offside? How does the AR signal offside? Who makes the final decision?


Wrap-upWrap-up



Any questions?


Referee and Assistant Referee MechanicsReferee and Assistant Referee Mechanics

Module

10


Referee DutiesReferee Duties Enforce Laws of the Game Ensure ball & players’ equipment meet standards Act as timekeeper & keep record of match Control match in cooperation with ARs

Control Substitutions Stop, suspend or terminate match for cause Stop play when necessary for injury Restart match after it has stopped Apply advantage when appropriate Punish most serious if multiple offences

Keep match SAFE, FAIR & FUN Referee’s decisions on facts are final.


System of ControlSystem of Control

Diagonal system of control Center referee (CR) and two assistant

referees (AR) Only FIFA, USSF and AYSO approved

system of control


Referee MechanicsReferee Mechanics Run along a broad diagonal

Stay close to play (10-20 yards) Keep ball between self and AR

Control Play Use whistle to start play

(only when necessary) Use whistle to stop play Use hand signals to indicate

restart Use cards to indicate misconduct Use voice to provide positive

instruction

Accept advice from your AR (when appropriate) - must remember to check AR frequently -

Don’t be afraid to correct mistakes Sell your calls!!!


Referee SignalsReferee Signals


Assistant Referee DutiesAssistant Referee Duties Indicate ball in/out of play

(over your touch line and/or your goal line) Offside (including involvement in active play)

Fouls or misconduct CR cannot see Keep track of substitutions Assist CR with sideline behavior Assist CR in any other way requested


Assistant Referee MechanicsAssistant Referee Mechanics Runs along touch line between

goal line and halfway line. Stays in-line with 2nd last defender. Follows ball to goal line. Keeps flag straight down when

running. Stops before signaling, and then

snaps flag.

Doesn’t “chat” with coaches and spectators.

Keeps coaches and spectators off touch line. Checks substitutes and counts players on the field (or subs). Looks and acts involved and professional.


Assistant Referee SignalsAssistant Referee Signals


Club LinesmanClub Linesman

Signal when the whole ball has completely crossed the touch line.

Any other tasks assigned by referee. Remove debris Check nets Locate game ball(s) Collect lineup card(s)

Referee must communicate to keep them focused.


ConfirmationConfirmation If a coach feels that a referee isn’t calling

obvious fouls he should appeal the result of the game?

If both sides of the field are yelling foul, but neither the referee nor the AR saw a foul, the referee should call a foul?

When should a referee blow the whistle? Referees should never change their decisions

because they will lose face?


Confirmation—AR SignalsConfirmation—AR Signals


Wrap-upWrap-up



Any questions?


Post GamePost Game

Module

11


Post-Game Duties½ min.


Collect the BallCollect the Ball

Referee is responsible for making sure that the game ball is returned to the proper person or place.

The official closest to the ball should retrieve and return it to proper person or place or to the referee.


Supervise Post Game CeremonySupervise Post Game Ceremony

Officials should supervise the team handshake and any other normal post game ceremony.

Players may need to be encouraged to show good sportsmanship at this time.

Officials must continue to act as good role models.


Complete Game ReportComplete Game Report

Referee should complete the lineup card and any other required reports.

Make sure all officials concur on the score.

Be sure to report any safety issues and any sideline problems accurately and in detail.

Deliver report to the appropriate person or place.


Conduct Post Game ConferenceConduct Post Game Conference

Referee should conduct a post game conference with any assistants.

This is the best time for positive feedback in both directions.



Teams always take care of their game ball?

Why bother sending in a report, nobody reads them anyway?


Wrap-upWrap-up


…... Applause


Break

5 Minutes


Referee Support & ReviewReferee Support & Review

Module

12


Referee SupportReferee Support

Mentoring Assessing

Appearance Pre-game Instructions Fitness Attitude Courage, Character & Consistency Accuracy of Decisions Control

Continuing Education


MentoringMentoring

Friendly way to impart knowledge On-the-job training Evaluate what you hear Ask your support chain if you question

the advice, don’t be confrontational Keep an open mind Seek on-going training


Continuing EducationContinuing Education Attend formal training. Attend referee meetings. Read your manuals. Look on the Internet. Ask experienced referees. Ask your Director of Instruction or your

instructors, and check websites. www.ayso85.org www.ayso11L.org


AYSO National Referee ProgramAYSO National Referee Program Organization

NBOD, Section, Area, Region NSTC – Paid support staff (www.soccer.org)

AYSO Referee Grades U-8 Official Assistant Referee Basic Referee (Regional) Intermediate Referee (Area) Advanced Referee (Section) National Referee (National)



Rules are rules at any age? What are the 5 AYSO Philosophies? The referees’ job is to keep the game

SAFE, FAIR and ______ ? The coach is my enemy so I need to

show him who is boss? Once I pass this course I’m a referee

and that’s all the training I need?


Thank You for Volunteering!½ min.


Wrap-upWrap-up



Any questions?


Test & Review — Basic RefereeTest & Review — Basic Referee

Be sure to print your name clearly on the form.

Test (20 min.) Review Test (10 min.) Graduation


Referee Positioning Field ClinicReferee Positioning Field Clinic

Module

13


Game Card

Team

Game Score

Referee Report

Player

Participation


Game Cards (Check-in & Pre-Game)

9 / 11 / 04 9:00

ETHS

R 85 U12G 601

Blue Frisbees

Blue / White

Alex Smith

Sam Jones


Game Cards (Check-in & Substitution)

R 85 U12G 601

Blue Frisbees

Blue / White

Alex Smith

Sam Jones2 Dolly Madison

3 Sarah Lee

4 Lois Lane

5 Mia Hamm

-----------------------------------

XG

CA

X

G


Game Cards (Half & Post-Game)

2 1 602

3 2 601 602

9 / 11 / 04 9:00

ETHS

Team 601 parents very critical.

Coach Alex helpful in controlling situation when asked.

Player #12 on team 602 sent-off for violent conduct (3 rd

qtr).

Deliberately kicked opponent #6 while opponent was on the

ground away from the ball.

X X

X X

X X

Larry Lotito 100 601

Nick Lotito 222 506

Ali Lotito 223 602


Game Cards Game Cards (What to do with them)(What to do with them)

Place in field box (U9 - up) Normally by one of the goals

No box? Pass on to next referee team

Last referee team? Leave cards in storage shed (in an envelope or

with rubber band) Alternative: Deliver to division referee

coordinator or call for pickup

Documents

Basic Referee Course