automatic door light cntrl.pdf

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AUTOMATIC DOOR LOCK SYSTEM

MOHD HELMI ALSYUKRAN BIN ABD MALIK

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA


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AUTOMATIC DOOR LOCK SYSTEM

MOHD HELMI ALSYUKRAN B ABD MALIK

A report submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Control and Instrumentation)

Faculty of Electrical Engineering

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

APRIL 2008


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all I would like to thank a lot to my supervisor Prof. Dr. Ruzairi b Hj

Abd Rahim for his guidance and his kindness to me in order to do this project for PSM 1

and PSM 2.

Next I would like to thanks to my family members especially mom and dad

for giving me a good advice, support and idea throughout this project. Also to my

friends that helps a lot to finish this project.


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ABSTRACT

Nowadays people are not very concern about safety of their premises. For an

example the lecture room in the universities is not safety enough because no safety

procedures taken and the intruder easy to stole the valuable thing in the lecture room.

The project that was built consists of hardware and software development. The project

will have locking system that will activate by sending the right SMS (Short Messaging

System) to the system. The users in this case are the lecturers who will have their

priority to open the lecture room before start their lecture. Besides, this project will use

the microcontroller in order to interface or communicate between the input signal and

door lock circuit.


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TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

Supervisor Certification i

Declaration ii

Acknowledgement iii

Abstract iv

Table of Content v

List of Tables vii

List of Figures viii

I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Definition of Wireless communication and mobile 1

Communication

1.2 Mobile Phone 2

1.3 SMS Definition 5

1.4 History of SMS 6

1.5 Problem statement 6

1.6 Objectives 7

1.7 Scope of the Project 7

1.7.1 Software 8

1.7.2 Hardware 8

II LITERATURE REVIEW 9

2.0 Other Door locks System Available 9


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2.0.1 PARADOX Security System 10

2.0.2 MICROENGINE System 11

2.0.3 SUPA System 12

2.1 Nokia 3310 Connection Port 13

2.2 Sony Ericsson K700i 14

2.3 Microcontroller 16

2.3.0 PIC16F84A Microcontroller 16

2.4 Serial Interfacing RS-232 17

III METHODOLOGY

3.1 Project methodology 20

3.2 Mobile Phone Characteristics 20

3.3 Controller Circuit 21

3.4 Voltage Regulator Circuit 23

3.5 Serial Interfacing Circuit 24

3.6 Output Circuit 25

3.7 Project Prototype 25

3.8 Component Used 27

3.9 THRSim11 28

3.10 HCLOAD 32

3.11 Hyper terminal 34

3.12 How to Know the Actual Message 37

3.13 Assembly Language 39

3.14 AT-Commands 43

3.15 System Flow Chart 44

IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.0 Result 45

4.0.1 Voltage Regulator Circuit 45

4.0.2 Microcontroller MC68HC11A1 Circuit 46

4.0.3 Serial Interfacing Circuit 47


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4.0.4 Relay Circuit 48

4.0.5 Project Prototype 49

4.0.6 Software Skills 50

4.1 Discussion 50

4.1.0 Obstacles Encountered 51

V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion 52

5.2 Future Recommendations 53

References 54

Appendices 55


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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

1 Sony Ericsson Port Connection with Description 15

2 List of Components 28

3 RS-232 Specification 48


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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

1 System Block Diagram 2

2.0 Paradox Security System 10

2.1 Micro engine System 11

2.2 SUPA System 12

2.3 Nokia 3310 connection Port 13

2.4 Sony Ericsson k700i 14

2.5 PIC16F84A Microcontroller 16

2.6 RS-232 9 Pin Serial interfacing 17

3.0 Sony Ericsson K700i Phone 21

3.1 MC68HC11 Microcontroller circuit 22

3.2 MC68Hc11A1 Microcontroller Chip 23


3.4 Serial Interfacing Circuit 24

3.5 Output Circuit (Relay) 25

3.6 Project Overview 26

3.7 Front View 26

3.8 Left view 27

3.9 Top View 27


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3.10 THRSim11 Simulator 29

3.11 THRSim11 Simulator Windows 29

3.12 Serial Transmitter 30

3.13 Data stored in the Memory Windows 31

3.14 Led output (Represent relay) 32

3.15 HCLOAD 33

3.16 Hyper Terminal Windows 34

3.17 Com Port windows Selector 35

3.18 Baud Rate windows Selector 35

3.19 SMS Signal From the phone 36

3.20 ASCII Chart for o character 38

3.21 ASCII Chart for n Character 38


4.1 Microcontroller Circuit 46

4.2 Relay circuit 49

4.3 Project Prototype 49


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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.0

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays the telecommunication technologies become wider and more new

features exist to make human life better. These help people to communicate with each

other easier than before. People can communicate by many ways. For this new era,

people are most using the wireless technology system to communicate with each other.

Wireless technology is known that the communication system is not used the wire. This

technology and services have undergone a huge development since the first cellular and

cordless telephone systems were introduced in 1980s.The first generation of cellular

phone was based on analog FM technology. This generation only has voice service

only.

Second generation cellular phone next were introduced in the early 1990.This

generation use the digital modulation and have an improvement on spectral efficiency

as well as voice quality. However this second generation still uses the same features as

first generation technologies.


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Years after years, voice communication using the mobile phone was not very

economical because of the rate of the time taken to finish the conversation between two

people. New technologies coming where it only use low cost for the user when using

this technology. The technology is known short messaging system (SMS).This

technology not only provide user to communicate wit each other but short messaging

system can be implemented by many ways. One of the uses of the short messaging is to

on or locks devices using this technologies.

This project will use an SMS or text messaging to open the lecture room door.

The lecturers can open the lecture room door by sending a text messages to the system.

The system will identify and check it for the safety purposes. The system receiver will

act as a SMS receiver. Hand phone model Sony Ericsson K700i was used for the

receiver. After that, the microcontroller will read the signal and verify the signal

whether it is the right person or not to open the door. If the right person sends the SMS,

then it will activate the door lock circuit. If the SMS is not from authorized person then

it will not open the door.

The door lock circuit is design based on the electromagnetic principle. It will

have the magnetic core and change to a magnet when power supply is feed to it. This

magnet will act as a locking part of the door. Besides the safety measures is take into

account. The door will always lock at all time. It will automatic open if anyone send the

right SMS to the system. The door will open for a certain delay and the user must close

the door within this time.

Figure 1: System Block Diagram

Sony Ericsson

(K700i)

MICROCONTROLLER Door Lock Circuit


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1.1 Definition of Wireless Communication and Mobile Communication

Wireless technology nowadays becomes more advance in terms of their gadget,

way of operation and the technology behind it. There were lots of wireless

communication technologies. The wireless communication technologies are Mobile

Communication System, Bluetooth, Infrared, WirelessLan (WLAN), WiFi and

WiMax. This kind of technology allows us to communicate without using a wire.

Wireless means that the electrical and electronic operation which done without

the use of hard wired connection. Wireless communication is the transfer of information

over a distance without the use of electrical conductors or "wires".[1]

(source: Wireless

communication wikipedia).Wireless communication is a part of the telecommunication.

There are many types of wireless communication such as GSM, GPRS, and EDGE, IS-

95, UMTS, IMT2000, DECT, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth and several multiple access

techniques such as MC-CDMA, W-CDMA and OFDM.

Mobile communication can be classified by their degree of complexity, the level

of the offered services and their cost. Mobile communication can be list as paging

systems, wireless telephony, trunking systems, cellular telephony, satellite personal

communication systems and system of wireless access to local area networks.


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1.3 SMS Definition

SMS stands for Short Messaging Service often called text messaging that is a

service for sending messages of up to 160 characters from and to mobile phones that

have the Global System of Mobile (GSM).GSM and SMS service are available in US,

Europe and Asia as well. This system is similar to paging system. The difference is

person who want to send their messages do not worry about the range and where is the

receiver is. They just send their messages through their mobile and wait for the other

person to receive the messages. The person who is received the messages can receivedthe message sending by the sender when he or she open the mobile phone. In other

words we do not have to activate our mobile phone and be at certain range to receive a

message. The messages will receive automatically if we activate our mobile phone.

SMS can be transmitted by using PC or mobile phone itself. As long we have

the coverage the messages can be received. Sending SMS through web site also can be

done if the web sites are equipped with PC Link. The Service Center is a center that acts

as a store and forward for short messages. The short messages are not sent directly from

sender to recipient but through an SMS Center or Service Center. The sender also will

have the message that send by this Service Center mentioned that their message are sent

to recipient or not.


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1.4 History of SMS

In 1980, the idea to enhance the usage of mobile phone was suggest by the

expertise from several of those communities in the discussion which the GSM service

should be. Early in February 1985 after discussed with the subgroup of GSM, Chairman

J. Audestad state that SMS was considered in the main GSM group of a possible service

for the new digital cellular system. Also from the discussion concluded in the

recommendation GSM 02.03 TeleService supported by a GSM PLMN there are

several things that have been concluded that are Short Messaging System Terminated

(SMS-MT) is the ability of a network to transmit a short message to a mobile phone.

The message can be sent by phone or software application. Next Short Message

Originated (SMS-O) is the ability of a network to transmit a short message sent by a

mobile phone. The message also can be sent to a mobile phone and software

application.

1.5 Problem Statement

The safety in the lecture room is quite crucial because lack of safety awareness

among the student and the staff. Besides the traditional method door that used a key can

be easily open by not authorized person or burglar if they have the right key. This will

allows them to steal the entire valuable thing in the lecture room. Besides that,

sometimes students cannot enter the lecture room when they have the lecture because

the door is not open. The students also cannot open the door because they do not have

the key. They need to wait for the technician to come for opening the door. So the major

reason to build this project is to reduce usage of the key when opening the door.


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1.6 Objectives

The project that was built has several objectives. These objectives describe

bellow are mainly to improve the skill of learning and it will consist of skill of hardware

and programming skills. The objectives of this project were as follows:

1.3.1 To facilitate lectures to open the lecture room door by sending an SMS

using their mobile phone

1.3.2 To reduce usage of key to open the door

1.3.3 To learn the programming skills and generate the creative

thinking.

1.7 Scope of the Project

This project will concentrate at the short messaging system (SMS) in order to

open the door. The SMS signal coming from the mobile hand phone need to be identify

in order to connect with the controller. The project will, have software and hardware

work implementation.


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1.7.1 Software

In order to work with this project, first the right of software implementation

needs to be identified. The preliminary works for software searching are:

i. Learn the usage of the assembly language and it criteria based on the project

objectives.

ii.

Identified the memory usage require by the program that will be built whether it

suite with the microcontroller or not.

iii. Identified the software that will be used to load the program to the chip using

boot loader techniques.

iv. Check and explore the entire menu in the software used in order to achieve the

project objectives.

1.7.2 Hardware

For the hardware part, there are several works that has been done before proceed

to the project requirements.

i.

Design the door with the magnetic lock attached to it.

ii. Searching for material that will be use such as wood, nail and magnetic lock.

iii. Built the prototype according to the design and the project requirements.


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1.8 Organization of this Thesis

This thesis consists of five chapters that discussed and described about the details

of the project that have been done. For chapter 1, it was the introduction part mobile

phone, short messaging system (SMS) and the history behind the technology was

clearly defines. Besides, in this chapter also the problem statement, objectives and the

scope of the project was stated on this chapter.

For chapter two it is about the literature review. This chapter discussed all the

references and material that have been studied in order to work with this project. All the

security system available in the market nowadays was surveyed and the idea for develop

this project was taken from this kind of references. Next is the details of all component

that might be used in this project will discussed in this chapter.

In chapter three, it will discuss about the methodology of how to work with this

project and all kind of measure that was taken as well as the details of the entire

component used. Basically in this chapter have two areas which are software part and

hardware part. For chapter four it will discuss about the result that was obtain and the

discussion on the obstacles when doing this project. Lastly on chapter five, the

conclusion and the recommendation that was obtain from the final result of the project

will be discuss and some references and also the appendices.


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CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

1.0

Other Door Locks System Available

There are lots of security systems in the market nowadays. These systems are

studied in order to obtain some idea for the project that was built. Although the system

in the market nowadays is suite with new technology and more advanced the idea must

still need to be obtain through the literature review.

The literature review works help to expose and generate skills of searching for

information from a various sources. These skills are very important in order to solve the

problems that encountered or will face in the future.


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2.0.1 PARADOX Security System

Figure 2.0: Paradox Security System

This security system is from the Paradox Company. The system has many kinds

of modules. One of them is wireless expansion module that act as receiver from the

wireless sources such as mobile phone. This gives the idea for this project by using a

mobile telephone. It is quite complex system because have many ways to activate the

control panel. For this project, the idea of using a wireless communication is adapted to

build the system.


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2.0.2 MICROENGINE System

Figure 2.1: Micro engine System

This door lock security system is from the Micro engine manufacturer. It

consists of the input part, controller part and the output part. The input is using the

smart card that use to activate the door. Next for the controller it uses the XP-M1000X

as a controller. Then for the output it haves push button, emergency break glass and the

door lock circuit. The door lock circuit is using the electromagnetic principle .So for the

project that will be builds; the concept of the electromagnetic principle will be use in the

project.


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2.2 Sony Ericsson K700i

Another phone that was survey for this project was Sony Ericsson K700i.This

phone was manufactured by Sony and it is from Japan technology. This phone has

special features which it can accept the AT Commands. This command is a special

command that used to communicate between the phone and the computer.

Figure 2.4: Sony Ericsson K700i Connection Port

This phone has a port which enables user to connect the data cable. This data

cable act as the connection between the phones to other sources such as computer. For

this project, it is need to study the useful port in order to connect the phone to the

microcontroller chip. The table below shows the meaning and the purpose each of the

port of the phone.


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Table 1: Sony Ericsson Port Connection with Description

PIN NAME DESCRIPTION

1 ATMS Audio to mobile

2 AFMS/RTS Audio from mobile/RTS

3 CTS/ONREQ CTS/Mobile Station On Request

4 DATA IN Data to mobile (Rx)

5 DATA OUT Data from mobile (Tx)

6 ACC IN Accessory control to mobile. Used as Rx in

some models for flashing.

7 ACC OUT Accessory control from mobile/hands free

sense. Used as Tx in some models for flashing

8 AGND Audio signal ground +0V reference

9 FLASH Flash memory voltage +service(shorted to pin

11 in service cable)

10 DGND Digital ground

11 VCC DC+ for battery charging + external accessory

powering


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2.3 PIC16F84A Microcontroller

Figure 2.5: PIC16F48A Microcontroller

This microcontroller is from the PIC manufacturer. The PIC16F84A is

categorized on the medium range among this type of microcontroller. The PIC is an 8

bit microcontroller based on Harvard architecture that is internal busses is separate for

memory and data. The throughput rate is therefore increased due to simultaneous access

to both data and program memory. It is conventional controllers tend to have one

internal bus handling both data and program. Besides the instructions fit into a 12 or 14

bit program memory word. For the instruction set are based on registers and each

instruction is executes in one clock cycle.

It has an internal divide by 4 connected between the oscillator and internal

clock bus. This make instruction times easy to calculate. The operation of this

microcontroller is fully static. This means that if the clock stop all the register contents

are maintained. For the drive capability, it has high output drive capability and can

directly drive LED. For the input output pins it can sink 25mA, has an 8 bit port

100mA.The instruction only have 35 instructions.


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indicates that a good carrier is being received from the remote modem. Pins 4 RTS

(Request to Send - from the transmitting computer) and 5 CTS

(Clear To Send - from the Data set) are used to control. In most Asynchronous

situations, RTS and CTS are constantly on throughout the communication session.

However where the DTE is connected to a multipoint line, RTS is used to turn carrier

on the modem on and off. On a multipoint line, it's imperative that only one station is

transmitting at a time (because they share the return phone pair). When a station wants

to transmit, it raises RTS. The modem turns on carrier, typically waits a few

milliseconds for carrier to stabilize, and then raises CTS. The DTE transmits when it

sees CTS up. When the station has finished its transmission, it drops RTS and the

modem drops CTS and carrier together. Clock signals (pins 15, 17, & 24) are only used

for synchronous communications. The modem or DSU extracts the clock from the data

stream and provides a steady clock signal to the DTE. Note that transmit and receive

clock signals do not have to be the same, or even at the same baud rate.

Besides that the RS-232 has several limitations for its connection. The

limitations are listed as follows:

a) Increased power consumptions.

b) Limit the noise immunity and transmission distance.

c) Limit in speed and compatibility.

d)

The connector is large by current standards.

e) The use of handshaking lines for flow control is not reliable in many

devices.


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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Project Methodology

Automatic door lock systems have 3 main blocks of systems which is receiver,

controller and door lock circuit. Receiver for this system is the mobile phone Sony

Ericsson K500i. This mobile phone acts as the signal receiver and received the short

messaging system (SMS) from the user and sends the data to the microcontroller.

A microcontroller of MC68HC11A1 is the major controller of the system. This

microcontroller has power supply connected to it which comes from the regulator

circuit that being builds. The firmware for this microcontroller is program in the chip in

order to program the chip using the boot loader techniques.

The electromagnetic lock is used as the door lock. This electromagnetic lock is

using the electromagnetic principle which will act as an electromagnet when there is

power supply feed to it.


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3.2 Mobile Phone Characteristics

A Sony Ericsson K700i phone was used in this project. This phone was chosen

because of it compatibility that support the AT-Commands. The short messaging system

(SMS) can be read by using the hyper terminal from the Microsoft Software if the right

AT-Commands sends to the phone.

Figure 3.0: Sony Ericsson K700i Phone

3.3 Controller Circuit

A MC68HC11A1 circuit was build and the main components for the main

circuit for this microcontroller are crystal, capacitor, regulator and max-232 for serial

interfacing purposes. These components are required in order to operate the

microcontroller. Below is the circuit of the microcontroller.


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Figure 3.1: MC68HC11 Microcontroller Circuit

This microcontroller manufactured by Motorola is an 8 bit microcontroller and

have two accumulators that are accumulator A and B. These accumulator can be joined

together to become an accumulator D which in this case is 16 bit. It also has 512kb

EEPROM, 256kbRAM and ROM is disable for this type of controller. Besides, it also

has the analog to digital converter built in this microcontroller. This analog to digital

converter is an 8 channels, 8 bit, multiplexed input, and successive-approximationconverter. However this features is not used in this project. Another features that was

used for this project is the serial communications interface (SCI) or called universal

asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART).This features was used in this automatic

door lock system project in order the microcontroller read the short messaging system

(SMS) using the received (RD) and transmit (TX) port available at the microcontroller.

These two ports were connected to the received (RD) and transmit (TX) port at the

phone.


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Figure 3.2: MC68HC11A1 Microcontroller Chip

3.4 Voltage regulator Circuit

Voltage regulator circuit that was built is mainly use to supply the fixed 5V

voltage to the microcontroller circuit. This regulator circuit consists of LM7805 which

is the positive 5V chip regulator. This chip is not stand by itself but there are two

capacitors were used for this circuit. One capacitor was connected at the first and

second pin of the regulator chip and the other was connected at the second and third of

the regulator. These two capacitors act as a voltage stabilizer for the input and the

output for this regulator. So the 5V voltage was supply correctly without any dissipation

of voltage.

Figure 3.3: Voltage Regulator Circuit


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3.6 Output Circuit

The final circuit for this project was the relay circuit. This relay circuit was

implemented in order to switch the contact to open circuit if the true signal (SMS) was

send by the user. At the initial condition, the relay is normally closed. This means that

the door is at lock condition at the initial state. When there is true message send by the

user then only the microcontroller trigger the relay to the open circuit state. Figure

below shows the relay circuit:

Figure 3.5: Output Circuit (Relay)

3.7Project Prototype

After completing the circuit implementation, next is to develop the prototype for

the door lock output. For this purposes several material had been prepared such as two

play wood, magnetic lock, nail, screw driver and steel. Before start built the door

prototype, a design for this was sketch in order to give some idea and for the

improvement for next time reference.


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The door was built from two pieces of wood and from this wood, a measure

was taken and the installation works are done in the lab. Some of the works are cutting

the wood, make a hole to the steel, put and hold the magnetic lock to the steel in order

to attach it to the door lid. This works contribute to the creative thinking and problem

solving technique to finished .Below are some view of the prototype,

Figure 3.6: Project Overview

Figure 3.7: Front View


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Figure 3.8: Left View

Figure 3.9: Top view

3.8 Component Used

For this project, all components that were used were list together to help the work

become smooth. The component was plan according to the need of the project. List

bellows


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Table 2: List of Components

3.9 THRSim11

This automatic door lock project will use not only the hardware implementation

but the software implementation as well. In order to program the microcontroller chip, a

simulator program that called THRSIM11 from the Motorola was being used. This

software was used because it is suite to the chip.

THRSIM simulator was user friendly software because the simulation can be

implemented through the software after the program written by the user. It has features

such as led, switch, traffic light, serial communication receiver and transmitter and so

on. This features can be used according to the program that suite to the objectives that

user want.


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Figure 3.10: THRSim11 Simulator

Figure 3.11: THRSim11 Simulator Windows

THRSim11 simulator has a menu display on top of the windows. This menu provides

the user a task that they want to use. The task are view, edit, execute, label, breakpoint,


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connect and so on. This helps the user while programming the project. For this project,

the signal from the phone must be read by the microcontroller and then verified it and

lastly on the output if the right messaging was send by the user. Figure below shows

the transmitter for this simulator. This transmitter will shows that the data that will send

by the phone to the microcontroller.

Figure 3.12: Serial Transmitter

The data was send by the phone and then is transmitting to the receiver port of the

microcontroller. The data was send serially and one by one from the left side to the right

side. When the data was send by the phone it simultaneously stored in the memory of

the microcontroller as shown below


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Figure 3.13: Data Stored in the Memory Windows

The data stored in the memory was in the hexadecimal type. The data from the phone

was in the ASCII code. The microcontroller will convert this type of data to

hexadecimal type to store it in the first memory located at $0000 and so on. hen

microcontroller verified the data and found 6F37 which means on, t then on the led

as shown. his led was shown to represent the output trigger for the relay to switch at the

normally open condition.


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Figure 3.15: HCload

The microcontroller board (MC68HC11A1) that has been finish built was check

whether it is function or not. The serial ports which are transmit (TX) and received

(RD) port was connected to the serial port interfacing circuit and from this circuit the

DB9 connector was connected to the serial port of the computer. After the voltage

supply was feed, the reset button at the microcontroller circuit was press. The green

light from the HCload was display and this means that the microcontroller board was

properly and can be used to implement this project.

For this demo version of THRSim11 and HCload program there are limited source

such as the memory to load the program only limited at EEPROM which the starting

address is $B600.Although this was the constraints it still not effect because the

program written is not exceed the memory that was allocated by this software.


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3.11 Hyper terminal

Before starting to write the program through THRSim11, a preliminary works

have been done which is to know the short messaging signal (SMS) from the Sony

Ericsson phone. The method was implemented by using the hyper terminal software

which comes directly with the Microsoft software.

Figure 3.16: Hyper terminal Windows

For setting the connection from the phone to the hyper terminal, a menu which

shows the phone connection at left side corner of the windows was select. This means

that a connection between the phone and the computer was made.


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Figure 3.17: Com Port Windows Selector

After the connection was selected, then the com port that being used for

connection between phone and microcontroller was choose that is com 4.This is to

make sure the correct port that the phone and the computer is connected together.

Figure 3.18: Baud Rate Selector Windows


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Next is to select the baud rate for the connection. Baud rate means the speed of transfer

rate for the data from the phone to the computer. For this connection 9600bps

connection was used because this connection was suitable for the phone.

Figure 3.19: SMS Signal from the Phone

The code for this project is created with the easy code which in this case is on.

This on signal coming from the phone was then detect by the hyper terminal by

sending special command in order to communicate the phone with the computer. First

the code AT was sends through the hyper terminal. Then the phone replied the response

which in this case is ok. This means that the phone support this type of command. The

command known as AT-Commands. AT means attention. After that, then the command

to read the message from the first memory of the phone was send. Then the phone

replied with the string of data which

07910621000010F5040B910671677925F9000080306000849223026F37 .


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Consider that the exact message sending by the user was on. And the response from

the hyper terminal was shown before. Note that the coding for the exact message was

located at the last of the string of data which are 6F37.This data are represent the on

which send by the user.

3.12 How to Know the Actual Message

07910621000010F5040B910671677925F9000080306000849223026F37.

Let be informed that the data from the phone was shown above. It is the string type

of data. The coding for the actual message was 6F37.To convert this data in order to

identify the actual data is firstly the data is divided in two section which every section

include two character. After that, convert the two separated section to its binary value.

Second, the zero from the MSB for data 6F is put on the right side of data 37 which

have been converted to the binary just now. Now by referring to the ASCII chart shown

below, the actual message was identified which for the first character was o and the

second character was n. So the message send by user was on.

6F = 0110 1111

37 = 0011 0111

6F37


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0110 1111

0011 01110 (Zero from the MSB for 6F is put at the LSB of 37)

Figure 3.20: ASCII Chart for o Character

Figure 3.21: ASCII Chart for n Character


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3.13 Assembly Language

Assembly language is a language that low level programming language usingthe human readable instructions of the central processing unit. This project was used the

assembly language to develop the program that suite to the objectives. This

programming has been done using the THRSim11 simulator and the program was

shown below:

DFTRIO EQU $1000

BAUD EQU $2B

SCCR1 EQU $2C

SCCR2 EQU $2D

SCSR EQU $2E

SCDR EQU $2F

PORTB EQU $04

PORTE EQU $0

ORG $FF00

LDX #DFTRIO

LDY #MSG

LDAA #$30

STAA BAUD,X

CLR SCCR1,X

LDAA #%00000100

STAA SCCR2,X


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RCV BRCLR SCSR,X #%00100000 RCV

LDAA SCDR,X

CMPA #'6'

BEQ LAGI

STAA 0,Y

INY

BRA RCV

LAGI NOP

RC BRCLR SCSR,X #%00100000 RC

LDAA SCDR,X

CMPA #'F'

BEQ LAG

STAA 0,Y

INY

BRA RC

LAG NOP

R BRCLR SCSR,X #%00100000 R

LDAA SCDR,X

CMPA #'3'

BEQ LA

STAA 0,Y

INY

BRA R


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LA NOP

TERIMA BRCLR SCSR,X #%00100000 TERIMA

LDAA SCDR,X

CMPA #'7'

BEQ ONRELAY

BRA RCV

ONRELAY LDAB #%11111111

STAB PORTB,X

BRA DELAY

LDAB #240

DELAY LDY #$8B7E ;DELAY30S UNTUK

;PENGGUNA

;TUTUP PINTU BALIK

ULANG DEY

BNE ULANG

DECB

BNE DELAY

LDAB #%00000000 ;OFF RELAY

STAB PORTB,X

LDAA PORTE,X

CMPA #%11111111


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3.14 AT-Commands

Computer use an AT commands to communicate with modems. Most

communication applications have user interface that hide the AT commands from the

user. AT Commands can be relate via a communications application. When the phone

has received an AT command, it respond with message that is displayed on the screen

of the used device which in this case is hyper terminal.

The AT or at prefix must be added to the beginning of each command line.

Several AT commands can be type on the same line and the AT or at need to be

entered only once at the beginning line. There are many ways of AT Commands that

suite to the user need. User can check the phone number, read and send text message,

delete message, check the service center number, select phone memory and many more

through AT Commands.

Note that every command has + prefix after the AT prefix. This sign is

compulsory in order to use the commands. Some of the AT Commands that was used in

this project are:

AT : This command must be entered in order to check

whether the phone support this command or

not.

AT+CPMS=ME : Select the phone memory only (SIM card memory

is disabled)

AT+CMGR=1 : Read the first message in the first memory of the

phone.

AT+CMGD=1 : Delete the first message in the first memory of the

phone.


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3.15 System Flow Chart

NO

YES

START

READ MESSAGE FROMPHONE

COMPARE

on

SWITCH THE RELAYTO NORMALLY OPEN

DELAY 30s

SWITCH THE RELAYTO NORMALLY

DELETEMESSAGE


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CHAPTER IV

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.0 Result

4.0.1 Voltage Regulator Circuit

After the project has been finished work with, all of the circuit that was built was

successfully work. For the voltage regulator circuit, it successfully work which enable

to supply the continuous fixed 5 Volt to the other circuit that used in this project. he

adapter was used for the input voltage of the regulator. Since the regulator was built

from LM7805 chip, he maximum voltage input for this chip is 24V.This chip LM7805

were used because of the capability to supply the positive 5 Volt continuously. The red

led was used as the indicator to indicate that whether there is voltage output from the

regulator or not. If the led is shows the red light, this means that there is output voltage

from the regulator circuit.

As an additional component to the regulator circuit, two capacitors were

connected each at the input and output of the LM7805 chip. This is to make the voltage

input to the regulator and the output voltage are stabilize without any dissipation.


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Figure 4.0: Voltage Regulator Circuit

4.0.2 Microcontroller MC68HC11A1 Circuit

Next for the controller of the system the microcontroller MC68HC11A1 from

the Motorola manufacturer was successfully built. This microcontroller has been tested

in order to make sure it can receive the program written or not. For this microcontroller

it works with the 5 Volt as a supply to the chip. Attached at this circuit are two button,

red led, output port pins, oscillator, capacitor and resistor.

Figure 4.1: Microcontroller Circuit


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Figure 4.2: Relay Circuit

4.0.5 Project Prototype

In completing the project prototype, there are lots of works done to design the

door using the wood. The wood was obtained from recycle shop at Taman Universiti.

The design work has been done first in order to create a good prototype which can be

equal as an exact situation.

Figure 4.3: Project Prototype


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Design was first sketch on a sheet of paper and the measurement was taken based on the

suitable cases. The door consists of the lid, handle, frame of the door and lastly is the

magnetic lock which is attached to the steel that hold the magnetic lock. The door was

properly design and lastly the result is that a good prototype of door lock was built.

4.0.6 Software Skills

After finished doing this project, what I have learned was the programming

skills using the assembly language. Although there are lot of programming language

such as C, C++, JAVA but assembly language are easy for me to understand the

meaning. Also from this project, searching for information from a various sources skills

also has been learned. To know the characteristics of the microcontroller, the data sheet

is an important reference for this. In the data sheet all the characteristics of the

microcontroller was obtained. Besides, the programming skills require the critical and

creative thinking in order to write the program.

4.1 Discussion

In this project that has been done, all the circuit was successfully worked. There

is on problem encountered which is the microcontroller cannot read the message from

the phone and function as needed in the first objectives. Searching for the problem was

done to detect where the problem is. From the simulation that has been done using the

THRSim11 simulator, it shows that after the microcontroller read the data from the

phone, it will store the data in the memory inside it. But after testing with the real

hardware the situation is not same with the simulation that has been done.


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4.1.0 Obstacles Encountered

In completing this project, there are several problems encountered. The

problems are:

i. Difficulty looking for the suitable phone that suite to the project

objective. There are two different model that are Nokia and Sony Ericsson

model.

Solution: Search for information and Sony Ericsson phone support AT

Commands.

ii. Problems on find the suitable data cable in order to connect the phone to

the microcontroller.

Solution: Ask a friend that was doing the project that will use the SMS

concept. Finally the cable was found and can be used in this

project.

iii. Hardware of microcontroller circuit was enable to work properly at first

Solution: Do the troubleshooting work over and over. Using the multimeter

to check the voltage supply whether it is supplied or not. Finally,

the microcontroller circuit was properly functioning.


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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion

Security system nowadays has become an important aspect to human life. As the

need was demanding nowadays, this system was built in order to meet the demand in

the security system. The Automatic Door Lock System was built in order to help user in

opening their door without using the key. This system using short messaging system

(SMS) in order to open the door. This concept gives the additional features in the

security system as well as to help the consumer for more security of their life.

In this project, the objective that learning the SMS technology has be met. This

knowledge can be implemented in more complex system later. Besides, through this

project a lot of skills have been develop not only in the software and hardware skills but

the capabilities of searching for important data also have been learned.


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5.2 Future Recommendations

This project could be improved for the next future as listed below:

i. Signals Display

A suitable display for lock and unlock condition could be made in order

to enable user to know the condition of the door whether it is in lock

condition or not.

ii. Charging Port

A charging port for the phone could be made in future in order to charge the

phone in case of it battery does not have the supply.

iii Security Features

A security features such as a device to detect the unusual way of opening

the door others than the originally specified.


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REFERENCES

1. Daniel J. Black (2001).Technicians guide to the 68HC11

Microcontroller. New York: Delmar Learning a division of Thomson

learning Inc .Pg 1-362.

2. Jan Axelson (2000).Serial Port Complete Chinook: Lakeview Research.

Pg 1- 295.

3. Jonathan W. Valvano. (2000).Embedded Microcomputer Systems.Brooks/Cole

Thomson Learning. Pg 1-743.

4. Motorola Inc (1991).The MC68HC11 reference manual.

5. Wikipedia (2004), "Mobile Phone" retrieved 23 October, 2004, from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone.

6. Nurhuda bt Zahari (2006), Automatic Fire Alarm.Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia:Bachelor.Thesis

7. Sin Chung Fei (2006), Smart Automatic Door. Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia:Bachelor.Thesis


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GANTT CHART for PSM 2

TASK WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Submit the

progress of

project

Build

circuit

Submit

summary ofproject

Prepare for

presentation

and demo

Presentation

and demo

Thesis

preparation

Submit

thesis draft

Submitthesis and

CD

Documents

automatic door light cntrl.pdf