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China´s development in the China s development in the Auto partsAutomobile chain Song Hong, Senior Fellow/Professor Institute of World Economics and Politics(IWEP), Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) UNAM, 2015, Mexico

Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

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Page 1: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

China´s development in theChina s development in the Auto parts‐Automobile chain p

Song Hong, Senior Fellow/Professorg g, /Institute of World Economics and Politics(IWEP), 

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)UNAM, 2015, Mexico

Page 2: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The outline of this presentation

• Key elements of China’s automobile industry;y y;• The development history of China’s 

t bil i d tautomobile industry;• Localized supply of China’s car industry;pp y y• A emerging sourcing of auto‐parts supplyS hi i d d l• Some comments on this industry development

Page 3: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The production of Automobile in China, 1955‐2014

25000000Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit

15000000

20000000

10000000

15000000

Post‐WTO accession  era:2002‐‐

Early Domestic development ear:1949‐1980s

5000000 Joint venture era: mid‐1980‐‐2001

0

1955

1958

1961

1964

1967

1970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

2003

2006

2009

2012

Page 4: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The leading producer of world automobile, 2013,%

25.33 30.00 

Share of world automobile production,%

20.00 

25.00 

12.65 11.03 

6 5510.00 

15.00 

6.55 5.18 4.45 4.28 3.50 2.90 2.73 2.49 2.48 1.99 1.83 1.38 1.30 1.29 1.12 0.91 0.85 

0 00

5.00 

0.00  China

USA

Japan

Germ

an y

S.Korea

India

Brazil

Mexico

Thailand

Canada

Russia

Spain

France

UK

Indonisi a

Zech

Turkey

Slovoc

Agentin a

Iran

y a a

Page 5: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

W ld T 20 k f bli 2013 iWorld Top 20 markets of automoblie,2013,unit

25000000

Top 20 sale market of automoblie,2013,unit

15000000

20000000

5000000

10000000

0

5000000

na SA an zil

ny ia ia UK ce da ea ly nd sa ia co ia ey in ca

Chin US

Japa

Braz

German Indi

Russi U

Fran

c

Cana

d

South Ko

re Ital

Thailan

Indo

nis

Austria

li

Mexic

Agen

ti

Turke

Spai

South Afric

S S

Page 6: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Automobile firms in Global 500, 2013(6/24), ( / )2013,order 2012,order Company Revenue Profits

8 10 Toyota 265701.8 11586.6

9 12 V lk 247613 3 27909 19 12 Volkswagen 247613.3 27909.1

22 19 GM 152256 6188

23 21 Mercedes-Benz 146886.3 7832.9

26 45 EXOR Group(Fiat) 142226.4 511.5

28 27 Ford 134252 566528 27 Ford 134252 5665

45 64 Honda 118952.4 4421.3

47 42 Nissan 115961.4 4123.8

68 69 BMW 98759:5 6549

103 130 SAIC 76233 6 3289 1103 130 SAIC 76233.6 3289.1104 117 Hyundai 74998.5 7601.8

121 85 Pigeon 71255.2 -6438.5

141 165 FAW 64886 2622.4

146 142 DongFen 61721.9 1333.6146 142 DongFen 61721.9 1333.6

161 205 China bingqi group 58027.8 675.2

184 158 Renault 53037.2 2277.2

227 208 Volvo 44850.6 1630.5

252 266 Kia 41945.8 3431.4

316 314 TATA 34705 1818.3

336 - Beijing Hyundai 33374.5 1074.4

367 350 Suzuki 31048.7 968.1

440 428 Mazda 26556.3 413.1477 475 Geely 24550.2 52.4

483 - Gongzhou Automoblie group 24144.8 66

Page 7: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Th d lThe development process…k d l i h• 1955‐1978: Truck development is the top 

priority of China, Car is only for the official use;

• 1979‐2000: Car production is only developed p y pafter mid 1980s, with the new joint ventures were set up; before that the car production in p; pChina is mainly semi‐man made, not mass production product;production product;

• 2001‐2015: big explosion of car production…

Page 8: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Early stage:1955 1978Early stage:1955‐1978

Auotombile,unit Truck Car

1955 61 61

1956 1654 16541956 1654 1654

1957 7904 6228

1958 16000 12865 57

196428062 20755 100

1978149062 96103 2640149062 96103 2640

Page 9: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The first truck factory in 1957 the firstThe first truck factory in 1957, the first truck in 1958

Page 10: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The first China’s car 1958: HongqiThe first China s car 1958: HongqiA 1955 i Ch l• A 1955‐ version Chrysler sedan;

• 1958 was produced in FAW1958 was produced in FAW in Changchun, Jilin Provenice;

• The revised version of car became the high‐level officals car since then inofficals car since then in China, has very import impact on the follow‐up d l f hidevelopment of this industry

Page 11: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Another Chinese car 1963: ShanghaiAnother Chinese  car,1963: Shanghai

• a Benz 220S car • Shanghai Car

Page 12: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The second auto factory was built in 1960s, and finished in 1970s:1978, new truck 

Page 13: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

C d i d d d i llCar production and demand in earlly stage

• Car is only for officials use, not for family; and while Hongqi is for high level official, gq gShanghai is for low level official;

• The production of those cars were mainly• The production of those cars were mainly hand‐made, not mass production line 

h lwithout scale economy;• For the truck subsector, China already builtFor the truck subsector, China already built up the mass production capacity.

Page 14: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

J i V i i i i i 1980Joint Venture initiatives in 1980s1984 th fi t j i t t t i• 1984,  the first car joint venture was set up in Shanghai between Shanghai automobile factory and Volkswagen of Germany and Santanaand Volkswagen of Germany, and Santana model was introduced;

• 1990, the second car joint venture was set up in1990, the second car joint venture was set up in Changchun between China’s Auto first factory and Volkswagen, and Jetta model was introduced;

• 1992, the third car joint venture was set up in h b hi ’ d fWuhan between China’s Auto second factory 

and Citroen, and Fukang model was introduced

Page 15: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

XialiXiali

Page 16: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Audi 100Audi 100

Page 17: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

FukangFukang

Page 18: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Santana

Page 19: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

JettaJetta

Page 20: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Daihatsu technologies and the ‘Xiali Model’

I 1984 Ti ji A bil I d C i d• In 1984, Tianjin Automobile Industry Company signed an agreement with Japan’s Daihatsu on theintroduction of a set of complete technologies for manufacturing the Hijet850, a p g g j ,kind of minibus, and Charade 1.0, a mini two‐ box car. 

• The Chinese name, pinyin ‘Xiali’, is used to name the car d l Xi li b d f h ld hi lmodel. Xiali‐ brand cars were one of the most sold vehicle 

brands in China in the late 1990s, ranking second only to Santana. The annual sale volumes of Xiali‐ brand cars reached 100,000 in 1998 and 1999, and production capacity reached 150,0000 cars and 200,000 engines. Thi h d b d f i l i h• This had become amodern car manufacturing plant with a certain scale.

Page 21: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Audi 100 technologies and the ‘Hongqi Model’

FAW i d i h V lk M• FAW signed an agreement with Volkswagen on May 17, 1988, on the transfer of Audi products and technologies to update its Hongqi brand cartechnologies to update its Hongqi‐ brand car. 

• It stipulated that FAW would introduce third‐generation Audi 100 cars from Volkswagen andgeneration Audi 100 cars from Volkswagen, and start from SKD (semi‐ knocked down) and CKD (completely knocked down) car assembly, before(completely knocked down) car assembly, before gradually raising the local content level. 

• After reaching certain standards, these introducedAfter reaching certain standards, these introduced products will be allowed to use their own Hongqi brand.

Page 22: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Joint venture development, 1979‐p ,2000 

Year Automobile,unit Truck Car

1979 185700 119501 4152

1985 443377 236934 5207

1986 372753 218863 12297

1992 1061721 626414 162725

1993 1296778 774868 229697

1996 1474905 688614 3910991996 1474905 688614 391099

1998 1627829 661701 507103

1999 1831596 756312 566105

2000 2068186 751699 607445

Page 23: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Joint venture projects in 1980s 1990sJoint venture projects in 1980s,1990s

• Shanghai Volkswagen: Santana In October 1984 Shanghai• Shanghai‐ Volkswagen: Santana In October 1984, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC) set up a joint venture with Germany’s Volkswagen for the manufacturing of the Santana with both holding 50 percent of sharesof the Santana, with both holding 50 percent of shares.

• FAW‐ Volkswagen: Jetta In 1991, the FAW signed an agreement with Volkswagen for the production of Jetta vehicles, with FAW holding 60 percent of shares and Volkswagen 40 percent. Later, the proportions were adjusted to 50 percent each.p

• Shenlong Fukang: Fukang vehicles On May 18, 1992, the Dongfeng Automobile Company and the French Citroen Automobile Company set up the joint Dongfeng PeugeotAutomobile Company set up the joint Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Company Ltd in Wuhan, Hubei province, with a 70 percent to 30 percent share‐ holding proportion between the Chinese and French sidesbetween the Chinese and French sides.

Page 24: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The difficult process of localization in the late of 1980s in China

• After the establishment of Shanghai Volkswagen in 1984 it carried out SKD• After the establishment of Shanghai Volkswagen in 1984, it carried out SKD and CKD assembly for three years and the localization rate reached only 2.7%.

• As the localization rate was unable to improve, the state began to limit the amount of SKD or CKD import, thus forcing Shanghai to accelerate the process of localization. 

• In order to realize as soon as possible the localization rate, Shanghai local government gradually reduced the import of parts to conserve foreign exchange and set up a special localization office for Santanaexchange and set up a special localization office for Santana.

• Virtually all parts producers underwent thorough improvements, either importing technology to improve product quality or entering into joint ventures with foreign companies or carrying out technical cooperation to develop products jointly. 

• The efforts paid off. The localization rate rose steadily until it reached over p y40% by 1989 and 60% by 1990 and 90% by 1996, basically realizing local production. 

Page 25: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The process of localization—Santana model

0 91

Santana model‐‐The process of localization,%

0.70.80.9

0.40.50.6

0 10.20.3

00.1

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Page 26: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The process of localization—Xiali model

1.00 

The process of localization‐‐Xiali model

0.70 0.80 0.90 

0.40 0.50 0.60 

0.10 0.20 0.30 

0.00 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Page 27: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Major brands and their market shares in 2000Major brands and their market shares in 2000

% in total sales(not

Brand

% in total sales(not including import and

export) Market share %Santana Volkswagen 31 38 30 88Santana, Volkswagen 31.38 30.88

Jetta, FAW 15.51 15.26Xiali, 13.86 13.64

F k Sh l 8 49 8 35Fukang, Shenlong 8.49 8.35Changan Alto(including sales networks

of other assembling plants) 7.63 7.51Honda Accord 5 26 5 18Honda Accord 5.26 5.18

Shanghai GM Buick 4.98 4.90Passat, Volkswagen 4.91 4.83

A di FAW V lk 2 64 2 60Audi, FAW-Volkswagen 2.64 2.60Red Flag, FAW 2.5 2.46

Cherokee, 0.75 0.74

Page 28: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Market opening and internationalMarket opening and international competitionp

• The competition between different MNEs‐‐‐‐h d h ldThe  new entrants and the old ones; Japanese, Korean firms and those of EU and USA;

• All the MNEs, for the major model and car, the “local sale and local production” strategythe  local sale and local production  strategy was pursued.

Page 29: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Market opening and international titi 2001competition, 2001‐‐

Auotombile,unit Truck Car

2001 2341528 803076 703525

2002 3253655 1092546 1092762

2003 4443491 1228157 20378652003 4443491 1228157 2037865

2004 5070452 1514869 2312561

2005 5707688 1509893 2767722

2006 7279726 1752973 3869494

2007 8882456 2157335 4797688

2008 9345101 2270207 50373342008 9345101 2270207 5037334

2009 13790994 3049170 7471194

2010 18264667 3920363 9575890

2011 18418876 3450972 10137517

2012 19271808 3241730 10767380

2013 22116825 3468501 121007722013 22116825 3468501 12100772

2014 23722890 3195901 12481052

Page 30: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The local new entrants• Chery Automobile Co, the first car was produced in 1999;

• Geely Holding Group Co: In the 2001, the first car was made, and in 2009, purchaed Volvo car b hbranch;

• Great Wall Motor Company Limited: mainly f SUV k t d f l difocus on SUV market, and are one of leading supply of SUV;BYD: in 2003 BYD entered the car marketBYD: in 2003, BYD entered the car market.

Page 31: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Copy, imitation and innovation of local new entrants

f h f i l d l h• Copy of the foreign popular model. So, there are a lot of lawsuit with MNEs during 2001‐2004;

• Joint development with  professional car p pdesign firms in the west;

• The indigenous development of new modelsThe indigenous development of new models, mainly base on reverse engineering firstly, then gradually base on indigenousthen gradually base on indigenous engineering…

Page 32: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The major brand of car in Chinese market in 2013,%

Brand Production saleShare of

productionShare of sale,%

凯越1.5 294110 296183 2.43 2.47 Jetta 捷达1.6 262836 263408 2.17 2.19

新福克斯1.6L 237529 238317 1.96 1.98

新朗逸1.6L 231217 226976 1.91 1.89 新宝来1 6L 223386 221333 1 85 1 84新宝来1.6L 223386 221333 1.85 1.84 朗动1.6L 203754 204595 1.68 1.70 瑞纳1.4 202237 198525 1.67 1.65

帝豪EC71.8 192791 193210 1.59 1.61

雪佛兰科鲁兹1.6L 179024 185773 1.48 1.55雪佛兰科鲁兹1.6L 179024 185773 1.48 1.55

NMS1.8T 185253 183111 1.53 1.52

悦动三厢1.6L 172849 171490 1.43 1.43

速腾1.6L 170346 166269 1.41 1.38 新轩逸1.6 163202 162142 1.35 1.35 新轩逸

迈腾1.8T 154877 149331 1.28 1.24

花冠1.6 147418 147921 1.22 1.23 英朗GT1.6L 142727 138767 1.18 1.16 K3 1.6L 139435 134613 1.15 1.12

新赛欧 厢新赛欧三厢1.2L 133454 134580 1.10 1.12 Santana 全新桑塔纳1.6L 131991 132186 1.09 1.10

新骐达1.6L 138427 128903 1.14 1.07 新赛欧三厢1.4L 128456 128583 1.06 1.07 长城C301.5 123317 126036 1.02 1.05长城C301.5 123317 126036 1.02 1.05 宝马5系3.0 126888 123852 1.05 1.03 速锐1.5 123065 123643 1.02 1.03

4208589 4179747 34.78 34.80

Page 33: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The foreign share of Chinese marketThe foreign share of Chinese market

45 00 35 0

35 00

40.00 

45.00 

30.0 

35.0 

25.00 

30.00 

35.00 

China‐total GermanyJapan USASouth Korea France 20.0 

25.0 China‐carGermanyJapan

15.00 

20.00 

10 0

15.0 

JapanUSA

5.00 

10.00 

5.0 

10.0 

0.00  0.0 

Page 34: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The leading firms in Chinese market,2013The leading firms in Chinese market,2013

FirmsSale,2013,uni

Growth rate

Share of Growth of Order 2013

Change of Firms

trate,

%2013,% share,%

Order,2013order

SAIC-GM 1376445 8 11.44 -0.4 1 0

FAW-VW 1371822 11 11.41 -0.2 2 0SAIC-VW 1285826 20 10 69 0 7 3 0SAIC VW 1285826 20 10.69 0.7 3 0

DF-Nissan 785936 22 6.53 0.5 4 1BAC-Hyundai 746803 9 6.21 -0.2 5 -1

Changan-Ford 525817 7 4.37 -0.2 6 0Sh LShenLong-Fukang

497689 13 4.14 0 7 1

Geely 486583 6 4.05 -0.2 8 -1DF-KIA 413529 14 3.44 0 9 3

FAW T 411398 10 3 42 0 1 10 0FAW-Toyato 411398 10 3.42 -0.1 10 0GAC-Honda 407550 38 3.39 0.6 11 2

BYD 406500 10 3.38 -0.1 12 -1Cherry 338951 -18 2.82 -1 13 -4

Changangroup 311545 40 2.59 0.5 14 0SAIC 219513 14 1.83 0 15 1

Geat Wall Auto

202146 1 1.68 -0.2 16 -1

FAW Car 196830 9 1.64 0 17 1

GA-Toyato 190784 21 1.59 0.1 18 2

Huachen-BMW 180240 27 1.5 0.2 19 2

Page 35: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Domestic production vs. CKD production, 2000‐15(July)

100.00 

102.00 2500000

Domestic production of autombile,unit Production of autombile, unit share of domestic production

94.00 

96.00 

98.00 

1500000

2000000

88 00

90.00 

92.00 

1000000

1500000

84.00 

86.00 

88.00 

500000

80.00 

82.00 

0

2000

01

2000

07

2001

01

2001

07

2002

01

2002

07

2003

01

2003

07

2004

01

2004

07

2005

01

2005

07

2006

01

2006

07

2007

01

2007

07

2008

01

2008

07

2009

01

2009

07

2010

01

2010

07

2011

01

2011

07

2012

01

2012

07

2013

01

2013

07

2014

01

2014

07

2015

01

2015

07

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Page 36: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Share of local production(domestic production + CKD)Share of local production(domestic production + CKD) in local sale(local sale + import‐export),%

200.000Total truck car

150.000 

200.000 

100.000 

0 000

50.000 

0.000 

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Page 37: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The import and export %The import and export,%16 007 00

14.00 

16.00  Share of export,%‐totalshare of export,%‐truckshare of export,%‐car

6.00 

7.00 Share of import,%‐totalshare of import,%‐truckshare of import,%‐car

10.00 

12.00 

4 00

5.00 

6.00 

8.00 

3.00 

4.00 

2 00

4.00 

1.00 

2.00 

0.00 

2.00 

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

0.00 

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 21 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Page 38: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The key features…y• China, not only the largest producer of automobile, but also the largest market of it in the world;

• Local production and local sale model;• There are a very divers and deep local parts• There are a very divers and deep local parts supply system;

Page 39: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

China Brazil and IndonesiaChina, Brazil and Indonesia

160.00

180.00 

Ratio of local sale to local production,%,2013

120.00 

140.00 

160.00 

60.00 

80.00 

100.00 

0 00

20.00 

40.00 

0.00  S.Korea

Mexico

Spain

Thailand

Japan

Germ

any

Canada

Turkey

India

China

Brazil

Indonisi a

Agentina

France

USA

Russia

UK

y a a

Page 40: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

A emerging sources of auto‐parts supply, 2013

Import, unit import,$10000 Export,unit Export,$10000

I. Engine 818178 237632.2 3312488 157463.9g①≤50mL

(gasoline)608 15.8 132264 2636.2

②50mL-250mL(gasoline)

4651 125 2576780 33267.9250mL(gasoline)

③250mL-1OOOmL(gasoline)

4270 1149.2 34252 3254.8

④1OOOmL-3OOOmL(gasoline)

780106 210659.8 457992 62174.9

⑤>3OOOmL(gasoline)

16535 10428.3 546 449.2>3OOOmL(gasoline)

⑥p≥132.39kW(diesel)

4614 11721.7 17280 20623.6

⑦P<132 39kW(diesel)

7394 3532.3 93374 35057.4P<132.39kW(diesel)

II. Parts - 3277993.4 - 6459160.7

Parts of Automobile

- 2836173.5 - 5505252.6

Parts of engine - 437914 - 614645.3

Page 41: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

• In 2013, there are 202 main auto‐parts, and there are 2151 firms. Of which, 412 is foreign gfirms, or joint ventures. That is, in terms of firm number 19 15% is foreign firmsfirm number, 19.15%  is foreign firms.

• In terms of value, 2013 China exported $ b l $engine $1.575 bilion, and import $2.376 

billion, with deficit $0.81 billion; • As far parts are concerned, China had $31 81billion surplus$31.81billion surplus.

Page 42: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Most the car on the way in the city are foreign brands…

Page 43: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

How and why this model was built?How and why this model was built?

• 1)The government requirement in the mid‐1980s;

• The compitition among MNEs in 2000s;Th ff f h l l fi• The efforts of the new local entant firms;

• 2 ) China is a big country, largest market in ) g y, gthe world;M k t’ l i fit d ffi i l l• Market’s logic‐‐‐‐profit and efficiency: local demand and local production;

Page 44: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Why so bad for car industry?Why so bad for car industry?

• Offical goods, not national good or civilal goods: the demand is limited, and the quality and varietaries of those goods lost their dynamac, can’t be changed or updated dramatically;

• Joint venture is the priority choice, not joint cooperation, or technology importation; and only that of MNEs and SOEs were permitted, no other local firms, especially private firms were allowed enter into.

Page 45: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

The way forward…

• Firstly, to become a major supply of parts of automobile, especially the cars; 

• Then to become a indigenous brand supply• Then, to become a indigenous brand supply of local market, like that of mobile phone and TV dTV sets and so on; 

• Lastly, to go to the outside worldy, g

Page 46: Auto parts Automobile chain - Dussel Peters · Auto parts ‐Automobile chain ... Autombile,unit Truck,unit Car, unit 15000000 20000000 10000000 ... Dongfeng Automobile Company and

Thank you very much!Thank you very much!