INSTITUTUL NAIONAL DE STATISTICCoordonator al ediiei: Prof. Univ. Dr. Vergil VOINEAGU - Preedinte Colectivul de coordonare a lucrrii: Dr. Cristian Nicolae STNIC, Gabriel JIFCU, Ilie DUMITRESCU, Adriana CIUCHEA, Gheorghe VAIDA-MUNTEAN, Doina BADEA.

Colectivul de elaborare a capitolelor Anuarului: Adriana CIUCHEA, Ion FLORESCU, Daniela TEFNESCU, Dr. tefan TRIC, Silvia PISIC, Andreea CAMBIR, Georgeta Marinela ISTRATE, Mihai GHEORGHE, Maria Ioana NICOLA, Constantin MNDRICELU, Nina ALEXEVICI, Virginia BALEA, Lucia Cecilia SINIGAGLIA, Florentina GHEORGHE.

Colectivul de design i editare: Ilie DUMITRESCU, Doina BADEA, Lavinia POPESCU, Vitty-Cristian CHIRAN, Rodica-Elena SOLOVSTRU, Gabriela Melania PODBERECHI, Victorina BOTEA, Minodora RDULESCU, Elena TUDOR, Genia MIHOC, Mihaela Elena TEFAN, Gabriela ZAGALCA, Laura ENACHE, Valentina MUNTEANU, Lenua POPESCU, Daniela BUCUR, Daniela POPESCU.

Responsabil de publicaie: Doina BADEA Fotografie: Vitty-Cristian CHIRAN Editare CD: Mihaela Elena TEFAN, Gabriela ZAGALCA Coperta: Alexandru POPESCU

INSTITUTUL NAIONAL DE STATISTICB-dul Libertii 16, sector 5, Bucureti Telefon: 318.18.71; 317.77.70 Fax: 312.48.75 e-mail: romstat@insse.ro http://www.insse.ro

Reproducerea coninutului acestei publicaii, integral sau parial, n forma original sau modificat, precum i stocarea ntr-un sistem de regsire sau transmiterea sub orice form i prin orice mijloace sunt interzise fr autorizarea scris a Institutului Naional de Statistic. Utilizarea coninutului acestei publicaii, cu titlu explicativ sau justificativ, n articole, studii, cri este autorizat numai cu indicarea clar i precis a sursei.Abonamente la publicaiile editate de I.N.S se pot contracta prin: Activitatea Diseminarea Informaiilor Statisticii Romneti Telefon/Fax: +40 021 317 11 10 i Fax: +40 021 318 18 74 e-mail: rrs@insse.ro Publicaiile editate de Institutul Naional de Statistic se pot procura de la sediul I.N.S. prin: Librria Ion Ionescu de la Brad tel. 318 18 42 int. 2254, 1073, 2479 e-mail: rrs@insse.ro Punctele de vnzare de la sediile Direciilor Judeene de StatisticI.S.S.N.: 1220 - 3246

INS 2010

CUVNT NAINTE

O nou ediie a Anuarului Statistic al Romniei se afl acum la dispoziia dumneavoastr. Este o ediie cuprinztoare i relevant, n linia celor aprute n ultimii ani, avnd ca factor comun preocuparea noastr de a rspunde exigenelor mereu crescute ale cititorilor doritori s primeasc, ntr-un format prietenos i uor de consultat, sinteza informaiilor statistice privind evoluia multisectorial economic i social a rii, nu ca o entitate izolat, ci privit n contextul lumii contemporane, o lume caracterizat prin interconectarea, cu o dinamic tot mai accentuat la nivel global, a tuturor fenomenelor demografice, economice, sociale i de mediu. Este o lume n care rolul i locul statisticii a devenit mereu mai pregnant i mai recunoscut ca singura surs oficial de date viabile pe care se pot cldi politicile de dezvoltare, fie acestea la nivel comunitar, n cazul Uniunii Europene, la nivel naional sau regional. Nu ntmpltor, Anuarul Statistic al Romniei 2010 iese de sub tipar la doar dou luni dup ce importana statisticii n viaa societii planetare a fost consacrat prin srbtorirea, practic, n toate statele lumii, la 20 octombrie, pentru prima dat, a Zilei Mondiale a Statisticii. Multe pasaje din mesajul transmis cu aceast ocazie de secretarul general al ONU, cea mai cuprinztoare organizaie internaional, cred c pot fi aezate, fr a grei, ca deschidere a publicaiei pe care v-o oferim acum. Statisticile ating toate aspectele vieii moderne. Ele substaniaz numeroasele decizii ale autoritilor publice, ale ntreprinderilor, ale colectivitilor. Ele ne informeaz asupra tendinelor i forelor care ne influeneaz viaa. Realizate cu ajutorul anchetelor i cercetrilor exhaustive sau selective, statisticile sunt indispensabile dezvoltrii economice i sociale, cu condiia ca datele lor s fie reunite i analizate. Acestui deziderat i rspunde plenar Anuarul, publicaia fanion a oricrei statistici naionale demn de acest nume, prin volumul, calitatea i maniera sistematic de prezentare a informaiilor. Ediia 2010 a Anuarului Statistic al Romniei, care v st acum la dispoziie, constituie cel mai convingtor argument.

Persoana nvestit cu autoritatea de a elabora i decide n spaiul economic sau social, omul politic, omul de afaceri, exponenii mediului universitar academic, dasclii i discipolii lor, cercettorul aplecat asupra nelegerii mecanismelor profunde ale evoluiei societii, simplul cititor stpnit de curiozitatea de a cunoate, mai profund i mai temeinic, devenirea rii n care triete, gsesc n paginile Anuarului, datele statistice de care fiecare are nevoie pentru a-i contura, clarifica i optimiza proiectele, pentru a emite opiuni i soluii, n cunotin de cauz, asupra deciziilor eseniale, pentru propriul destin, pentru destinul comunitii din care face parte, pentru destinul rii. Ca i ediiile care l-au precedat, Anuarul Statistic al Romniei 2010 rspunde, totodat, integral, asumrii standardelor i normelor internaionale, n primul rnd celor ale Uniunii Europene, pe care statistica oficial din ara noastr le-a asimilat nc din momentul aderrii. Realizat cu un plus de suplee, din dorina declarat de a spori uurina consultrii, ediia de fa se prezint cu un numr relativ mai mic de pagini, comparativ cu ediiile anterioare, fr ca volumul, calitatea i amplitudinea mesajului desprins din date s fie diminuat. Dimpotriv, el este i mai puternic, pentru c pierderea de masivitate a lucrrii este consistent compensat printr-un plus de organizare n sistematizarea materiei. Din aceleai considerente, unele informaii precum cele referitoare la statisticile n profil teritorial, se regsesc exclusiv n formatul pe CDROM al publicaiei, valorificnd astfel posibilitile, mult mai generoase, pe care le ofer suportul electronic, pentru tezaurizarea unui volum sporit de informaii pe un spaiu restrns i, nu n ultimul rnd, cu mult mai puine costuri i cu posibilitatea ca informaiile s poat fi preluate, fr eforturi de transcriere, pentru inserarea n diferite studii i analize. Concluzionnd, consider c ediia 2010 a Anuarului Statistic al Romniei constituie o bun pledoarie pentru literatura statistic romneasc i literatura statistic i economic n general, satisfacia cititorului fiind, n ultim instan, rsplata cuvenit statisticienilor pentru eforturile pe care, cu devoiune i profesionalism, le aaz ca piatr de temelie a activitii lor.

Prof. univ. dr. Vergil VOINEAGU, Preedintele Institutului Naional de Statistic

SINTEZA CUPRINSULUI

Pagina Page

CONTENTS

Not metodologic general ......................................... VII Prescurtri folosite pentru unitile de msur ........... XXII Simboluri folosite ........................................................ XXII 1. Geografie, meteorologie i mediu nconjurtor ........ 1 2. Populaie .................................................................. 35 3. Piaa forei de munc .............................................. 81 4. Veniturile, cheltuielile i consumul populaiei ........ 129 5. Locuine i utiliti publice ..................................... 177 6. Securitate i asisten social .............................. 191 7. Sntate ................................................................ 223 8. Educaie ................................................................ 239 9. Cultur i sport ...................................................... 273 10. Preuri .................................................................... 295 11. Conturi naionale ................................................... 311 12. Investiii i imobilizri corporale ............................ 353 13. tiin, tehnologie i inovare ................................. 367 14. Agricultur i silvicultur ....................................... 411 15. Activitatea ntreprinderii ........................................ 449 16. Industrie i construcii ........................................... 489 17. Transporturi, pot i telecomunicaii .................... 507 18. Comer internaional .............................................. 531 19. Comer interior i servicii de pia ........................ 571 20. Turism .................................................................... 579 21. Finane .................................................................. 603 22. Justiie ................................................................... 623 23. Statistic internaional ......................................... 633

General methodological note Abbreviations used for units of measurement Symbols used Geography, meteorology and environment Population Labour market Population income, expenditure and consumption Dwellings and public utilities Social protection and assistance Health Education Culture and sport Prices National accounts Investments and tangible fixed assets Science, technology and innovation Agriculture and forestry Enterprise activity Industry and construction Transport, post and telecommunications International trade Domestic trade and market services Tourism Finances Justice International statistics

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NOT METODOLOGIC GENERAL

GENERAL METHODOLOGICAL NOTE

1. Cadrul legal privind activitatea statistic este statuat prin Ordonana Guvernului nr. 9/1992 republicat, cu modificrile i completrile ulterioare. n Ordonan se regsesc contextul i prevederile care definesc elementele constitutive ale procesului statistic, respectiv, culegerea, prelucrarea, analiza i constituirea seriilor de date statistice oficiale, cu caracter demografic, social, economic, financiar i juridic, precum i principiile fundamentale care stau la baza funcionrii statisticii oficiale n Romnia. Statistica oficial n Romnia este organizat i coordonat de Institutul Naional de Statistic, organ de specialitate al Administraiei Publice Centrale, n subordinea Guvernului, finanat de la bugetul de stat. Institutul Naional de Statistic este autorizat s solicite i s obin cu titlu gratuit datele i informaiile statistice de la toate persoanele, fizice sau juridice, care dein capital sub orice form sau desfoar activitate de orice fel pe teritoriul Romniei. Principiile pe care se ntemeiaz activitatea statistic, n deplin concordan cu principiile fundamentale privind funcionarea statisticii ntr-o societate democratic, adoptate pe plan internaional, constau n: autonomie, confidenialitate a datelor individuale, transparen, relevan, proporionalitate, deontologie statistic i raport cost/eficien. Att contextul general, ct i principiile de funcionare a statisticii, precum i producerea de date statistice de calitate, armonizate cu normele i standardele Uniunii Europene, confer rezultatelor activitii statistice garania satisfacerii cerinelor utilizatorilor de date statistice. 2. Sursele de date statistice. Datele prezentate n Anuarul statistic sunt rezultatul a dou categorii de surse: cercetrile statistice exhaustive sau prin sondaj cuprinse n Programul Statistic Anual (PSA); surse administrative. 3. Programul Statistic Naional Anual (PSNA) reprezint instrumentul de baz prin care Institutul Naional de Statistic i ceilali productori de statistici oficiale sunt autorizai s realizeze colectarea, stocarea, procesarea, analiza i diseminarea datelor statistice oficiale, n vederea asigurrii informaiilor necesare utilizatorilor interni, precum i a celor ce decurg din legislaia Uniunii Europene i din recomandrile altor organizaii internaionale.

1. The legal framework concerning the statistical activity is represented by Government Ordinance no. 9/1992, republished with its further amendments and completions. The Ordinance includes the context and the provisions defining the constitutive elements of the statistical process, namely: collection, processing, analysing and compiling official statistical data series, of demographic, social, economic, financial and juridical nature, as well as the fundamental principles on which the functioning of official statistics in Romania is defined. In Romania, the official statistics is organised and coordinated by the National Institute of Statistics, specialised body of central public administration, subordinated to Government and financed from the state budget. The National Institute of Statistics is entrusted to ask for and to obtain, free of charge, statistical data and information from all natural and legal persons, owing any type of capital or developing any kind of activity on Romanias territory. The principles on which statistical activity are based, fully compliant with the fundamental principles related to statistics functioning in a democratic society, adopted al international level, consists in: autonomy, individual data confidentiality, transparency, relevance, proportionality, statistical deontology and cost effectiveness. Both the general context and the principles of statistics functioning, as well as the production of statistical data of high quality, compliant with the European Unions norms and standards confer the statistical activity results the guarantee of meeting the statistical data users requirements. 2. Statistical data sources. The data presented within the Statistical Yearbook result from two data sources categories: exhaustive or sample statistical surveys, included in the Annual Statistical Programme (ASP); administrative sources. 3. The Yearly National Statistical Programme (YNSP) represents the basic tool by means of which the National Institute of Statistics and the other producers of official statistics are authorized to carry out the collection, storage, processing, analysis and dissemination of official statistical data, in order to provide the information necessary to domestic users, as well as those resulting from the legislation of European Union and from the recommendations of other international organizations.

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Programul Statistic Naional Anual cuprinde informaii, responsabiliti, resurse i termene de realizare, cu privire la: cercetri statistice; lucrri de sintez, studii i analize statistice; publicaii statistice. Programul Statistic Naional Anual se avizeaz de Consiliul Statistic Naional i se aprob prin hotrre a Guvernului. 4. Cercetarea statistic reprezint o lucrare complex de culegere, prelucrare, analiz i diseminare a datelor cu privire la starea i evoluia fenomenelor i proceselor economice i sociale. Cercetarea statistic se realizeaz pe baz de proiecte n care sunt definite concepte generale, scopul cercetrii i instrumentarul statistic ce st la baza acesteia (modul de organizare a cercetrii; chestionarul, clasificrile, nomenclatoarele, normele, instruciunile etc.). Potrivit criteriului sferei de cuprindere, datele din Anuarul statistic au fost determinate pe baza a dou tipuri de cercetri statistice: Cercetare statistic exhaustiv (total). n cadrul acestui tip de cercetare datele sunt nregistrate de la toate unitile populaiei statistice, denumit i colectivitate statistic, bine delimitat. Populaia statistic desemneaz totalitatea elementelor supuse observrii statistice, de aceeai natur, asemntoare sau omogene din punctul de vedere al anumitor criterii. Prin astfel de cercetri statistice exhaustive se obin rezultate detaliate n diferite structuri administrative, geografice, grupri pe activiti potrivit Clasificrii Activitilor din Economia Naional (CAEN) etc. Cele mai cunoscute cercetri exhaustive sunt recensmintele populaiei i locuinelor, recensmntul produselor i serviciilor industriale, recensmntul general agricol. Cercetare statistic prin sondaj. n cadrul acestui tip de cercetare, datele sunt nregistrate doar de la o parte a populaiei statistice, numit eantion. Eantionul este determinat pe baza criteriilor de reprezentativitate, prin utilizarea unor metode probabiliste, ale cror rezultate sunt extinse la ntreaga populaie statistic. 5. Sursele administrative reprezint sursele de eviden organizate i deinute de organisme ale administraiei publice sau non-guvernamentale pentru alte scopuri dect cele statistice. Sunt utilizate numai acele surse care au un potenial adecvat cerinelor statistice i corespund rigorilor tiinifice de sfer de cuprindere, calitate i completitudine care le fac utilizabile i n scopuri statistice. Folosirea acestor surse de date i informaii n scopuri statistice se realizeaz fie direct, ca date de baz (asimilate datelor statistice), fie prin prelucrri i adaptri corespunztoare pentru a satisface cerinele de calitate, comparabilitate i

The Yearly National Statistical Programme includes information, responsibilities, resources and deadlines, regarding: statistical surveys, synthesis papers, statistical studies and analyses, statistical publications. The Yearly National Statistical Programme is endorsed by the National Statistical Council and it is approved by Government decision. 4. The statistical survey is a complex activity of collection, processing, analysis and dissemination of data related to the economic and social phenomena situation and dynamics. The statistical survey is carried out based on projects, where the general concepts, the survey purpose and the statistical tools on which it is based are defined (survey organisation: questionnaire, classifications, nomenclatures, norms, guidelines a.s.o.). According to the coverage criterion, the data included in the Statistical Yearbook were determined based on two statistical surveys types: Exhaustive (total) statistical survey. Under this type of survey, data are recorded from all statistical population units, called statistical collectivity, which is well defined. The statistical population represents all the elements subject to statistical observation, of the same nature, similar or homogenous from certain criteria standpoint. Based on such exhaustive statistical surveys, detailed results are obtained in various administrative and geographical structures, by group of activities according to the Classification of Activities of National Economy (CANE) a.s.o. The most well-known exhaustive surveys are population and housing censuses, industrial products and services census, general agricultural census. Sample statistical survey. Under this type of survey, data are recorded only from part of the statistical population, called sample. The sample is determined based on representativeness criteria, by using probabilistic methods, whose results are further extended to the whole statistical population.

5. Administrative sources means the evidence sources organised and managed by public administration or non-governmental bodies, for other purposes than the statistical ones. Only the sources with an appropriate potential for statistical requirements and scientific rigour concerning coverage, quality and completeness making them also usable for statistical purposes are used. The use of these data and information sources for statistical purposes is achieved either directly, as basic data (assimilated to statistical data), or after appropriate processing and adaptation, in view to meet quality, comparability and coherence

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coeren, fie pentru reconciliere i validarea datelor statistice obinute n urma cercetrilor statistice. 6. Sfera de cuprindere a datelor. Datele prezentate n Anuar caracterizeaz ansamblul economiei naionale, cu excepia cazurilor cnd, prin notele specifice care prefaeaz fiecare capitol al Anuarului, se precizeaz altfel. 7. Mrimile statistice folosite: n Anuar sunt prezentate, cu precdere, date absolute i date relative (indici, ponderi, indicatori de intensitate etc.). Indicatorul statistic este expresia numeric a unor fenomene, procese, activiti sau categorii economice sau sociale, manifestate n timp, spaiu i structuri. Indicele este un raport ntre valori ale aceleiai variabile nregistrate n uniti de timp sau teritoriale diferite. Indicii statistici utilizai n Anuar sunt: Indicele Laspeyres este o medie aritmetic ponderat a indicilor individuali ai aceleiai variabile; ponderile utilizate sunt cele din perioada de baz; Indicele Paasche este o medie aritmetic ponderat a indicilor individuali ai aceleiai variabile, ponderile utilizate fiind din perioada curent. Unitatea statistic este un obiect al cercetrii i purttor al caracteristicilor statistice urmrite prin program. Unitatea de observare este acea entitate de la care/pentru care sunt colectate date i informaii primare, pe baza creia se construiesc statistici. Unitatea de raportare este entitatea care furnizeaz datele i informaiile primare n cadrul unei cercetri statistice. Unitatea cu personalitate juridic reprezint entitatea (ntreprinderea, societatea comercial, asociaia, instituia bugetar, organizaia fr scop patrimonial etc.) care desfoar o activitate economic, are contabilitate proprie i ia decizii n exercitarea funciei principale. Unitatea fr personalitate juridic reprezint o persoan, o gospodrie, o familie, o asociaie sau orice alt entitate ce nu dispune de autonomie de decizie n exercitarea funciei principale. 8. Datele n preuri curente se refer la volumul produciei, veniturilor, cheltuielilor sau valoarea produselor, serviciilor etc. exprimate n preurile anului curent. Valorile din diferite perioade n preuri curente nu sunt direct comparabile i, n consecin, nu pot fi utilizate la calculul indicilor fr a fi, n prealabil, deflatate cu indicii de preuri corespunztori.

requirements, or for reconciliation and validation of statistical data obtained from statistical surveys. 6. Coverage. The data presented within the Statistical Yearbook characterise the whole national economy, except cases where specific notes that preface each chapter of the Yearbook stipulates otherwise.

7. Statistical measures used: The Yearbook mainly presents absolute and relative data (indices, weights, propensity indicators a.s.o.). The statistical indicator is the numerical expression of certain phenomena, processes, activities or economic and social categories, manifested over time, area and structures. The index is a ratio between values of the same variables recorded in various time or territorial units. The statistical indices used within the Yearbook are: Laspeyres index - weighted arithmetic mean of individual indices of the same variable; the used weights refer to the base period; Paasche index - weighted arithmetic mean of individual indices of the same variable; the used weights refer to current period. The statistical unit is subject to the survey and bearer of the statistical characteristics observed through the programme. The observation unit is the entity from/for which primary data and information are collected, based on which statistics are compiled. The reporting unit is the entity supplying primary data and information under a statistical survey. The unit with legal status in the entity (enterprise, commercial company, association, budgetary institution, non-profit organisation a.s.o.) carrying out an economic activity, with own bookkeeping and taking decisions when exercising its main function. The unit without legal status is a natural person, a household, a family, an association or any other entity without decisional autonomy when exercising its main function. 8. Data expressed in current prices refer to the volume of production, income or expenses or to the value of products, services a.s.o., expressed in the current year prices. The values expressed in current prices corresponding to various periods are not directly comparable and, as consequence, cannot be used for indices compilation without being previously deflated with the corresponding price indices.

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9. Formele de proprietate sunt: proprietate majoritar de stat - cuprinde capitalul integral de stat, public, de interes naional i local i mixt, unde statul deine 50% i peste din capitalul social; proprietate majoritar privat - cuprinde capitalul integral privat, mixt, n care peste 50% din capitalul social este privat, capital integral strin, cooperatist i obtesc. Tot aici sunt cuprinse i activitile desfurate de ctre persoanele fizice i/sau gospodriile populaiei. 10. Clasificri i nomenclatoare. Sunt principalele instrumente care fac posibil structurarea dup criterii obiective i corecte a unitilor statistice, a proceselor i fenomenelor observate. Clasificrile utilizate n Anuar, potrivit diferitelor scopuri sau diferitelor domenii de activitate, sunt: Clasificarea Activitilor din Economia Naional (CAEN) reprezint un sistem coordonat i coerent de grupare, dup criterii tiinifice de omogenitate, a datelor referitoare la unitile statistice. n Anuar este utilizat versiunea actualizat a CAEN, respectiv CAEN Rev. 2, implementat prin Ordinul nr. 337 / 2007 al Preedintelui Institutului Naional de Statistic, publicat n Monitorul Oficial nr. 293 / 2007 i revizuit n Monitorul Oficial nr. 403/2008. CAEN Rev. 2 respect standardele europene, fiind total armonizat cu Nomenclatorul Activitilor din Comunitatea European NACE Rev. 2. Structura CAEN Rev. 2 este urmtoarea: Seciuni - codificate printr-o liter; Diviziuni - codificate prin dou cifre; Grupe - codificare prin trei cifre; Clase - codificate prin patru cifre. Pentru interpretarea corect a structurii datelor potrivit CAEN Rev. 2, n Anexa nr. 1 a Notei metodologice generale se prezint clasificarea la nivelul seciunilor i diviziunilor. De asemenea, n Anuar este utilizat i versiunea CAEN Rev. 1, implementat prin Ordinul nr. 601/2002 al Preedintelui Institutului Naional de Statistic, n conformitate cu Hotrrea Guvernului Romniei nr. 656/1997. CAEN Rev. 1 este total armonizat cu Nomenclatorul Activitilor din Comunitatea European NACE Rev. 1.1. Structura CAEN Rev. 1 este urmtoarea: Seciuni - codificate printr-o liter; Subseciuni - codificate prin dou litere; Diviziuni - codificate prin dou cifre; Grupe - codificare prin trei cifre; Clase - codificate prin patru cifre.

9. Ownership types: state majority ownership - comprises integral state, public, national and local interest and mixed capital, where the states own 50% or more of the social capital; private majority ownership - comprises integral private or mixed capital, where over 50% of the social capital is private, integral foreign or co-operative and community capital. The activities carried out by natural persons and/or population households are also included here. 10. Classifications and nomenclatures. These are the main tools allowing for the structuring of observed processes and phenomena according to objective and accurate criteria related to statistical units. The classifications used within the Yearbook, according to various purposes or fields of activity are: The Classification of Activities of National Economy (CANE) is a coordinated and coherent system for grouping, according to scientific criteria related to homogeneity, the data referring to statistical units. The updated version of CANE is used in the Yearbook, respectively CANE Rev. 2, implemented through the Order no. 337/2007 of the National Institute of Statistics President, published in the Official Journal no. 293/2007 and revised in the Official Journal no. 403/2008. CANE Rev. 2 observes the European standards, being fully compliant with the Nomenclature of Activities from the European Community NACE Rev. 2. The CANE Rev. 2 structure is the following: Sections - coded at one letter level; Divisions - coded at two digits level; Groups - coded at three digits level; Classes - coded at four digits level. In view to reach an accurate interpretation of data structure according to CANE Rev. 2, the Annex no. 1 to the General methodological note includes the classification at section and division level. At the same time, the updated version is used within the Yearbook CANE Rev. 1, implemented based on Order no. 601/2002 of the President of the National Institute of Statistics, in accordance with Romanias Government Decision no. 656/1997. CANE Rev. 1 fully complies with the Nomenclature of Activities of the European Community NACE Rev. 1.1. The CANE Rev. 1 structure is the following: Sections - coded at one letter level; Sub-sections - coded at two letters level; Divisions - coded at two digits level; Groups - coded at three digits level; Classes - coded at four digits level.

X

n cuprinsul Anuarului, datele sunt prezentate, de regul, pe seciuni sau pe diviziuni CAEN. Pentru interpretarea corect a structurii datelor potrivit CAEN Rev. 1, n Anexa nr. 2 a Notei metodologice generale se prezint clasificarea la nivelul seciunilor i diviziunilor. Gruparea dup mrime a ntreprinderilor; Clasificarea produselor asociate activitilor utilizat de Uniunea European - CPA; Clasificarea produselor i serviciilor asociate activitilor - CPSA 2002; Clasificarea produselor i serviciilor asociate activitilor - CPSA 2008, aprobat prin Hotrrea de Guvern nr. 53/1999 i revizuit prin Ordinul Preedintelui Institutului Naional de Statistic nr. 605 / 15.X.2008. CPSA 2008 reprezint o detaliere a CAEN Rev. 2, prin ordonarea dup principiul omogenitii a tuturor familiilor de produse i servicii pe niveluri ierarhice succesive. CPSA 2008 asigur informaii pentru: satisfacerea cerinelor de agregare i detaliere a datelor referitoare la producia de bunuri i servicii; identificarea sistematizat a produselor i serviciilor din economia naional; compararea i interpretarea unitar a datelor statistice. CPSA 2008 este total armonizat cu Clasificarea Produselor Asociate Activitilor (CPA 2008) utilizat n cadrul UE. Clasificarea conine explicaii la nivelul diverselor entiti de clasificare n funcie de necesiti. PRODROM - Nomenclatorul de produse i servicii industriale elaborat de Institutul Naional de Statistic (INS) i utilizat pentru cercetri statistice privind producia industrial. Nomenclatorul PRODROM este armonizat cu lista PRODCOM utilizat n cadrul Uniunii Europene. Legtura CAEN Rev. 1 cu PRODROM este asigurat la nivel de patru cifre (clas), ntruct poziiile PRODROM au fost realizate prin detalierea subclaselor elementare CPSA 2002, iar legtura CAEN Rev. 2 cu PRODROM este asigurat la nivel de patru cifre (clas), ntruct poziiile PRODROM au fost realizate prin detalierea subclaselor elementare CPSA 2008. 11. Definirea activitilor. n practic, majoritatea unitilor de producie efectueaz activiti cu caracter mixt, respectiv activitate principal, activiti secundare i activiti auxiliare. Identificarea activitii secundare este necesar pentru a ncadra o unitate ntr-o anumit poziie din CAEN Rev. 1, respectiv CAEN Rev. 2.

Within the Yearbook, as a rule, data are presented by CANE section or division. In view to reach an accurate interpretation of data structure according to CANE Rev. 1, the Annex no. 2 to the General methodological note includes the classification at section and division level. Enterprises grouping by size; Classification of products associated to activities used by the European Union - CPA; Classification of products and services associated to activities - CPSA 2002; Classification of products and services associated to activities - CPSA 2008, adopted by the Government Decision no. 53/1999 and revised by the National Institute of Statistics President Order no. 605 / 15.10.2008) CPSA 2008 represents a detailed version of CANE Rev. 2, whose organisation relies on the principle of homogeneity of all families of products and services by successive hierarchical levels. CPSA 2008 classification provides information in order to: respond to the requirements of aggregation and detailed data regarding the production of goods and services; identify the products and services from our national economy; ensure the comparability of statistical data. CSPA 2008 classification is fully harmonised with Classification of Products Associated to Activities (CPA 2008) used in EU. The classification contains explanatory notes for various classification entities according to the necessities. PRODROM - the Nomenclature of industrial products and services drawn up by the National Institute of Statistics and used for statistical surveys on industrial production. The PRODROM nomenclature complies with the PRODCOM list used within the European Union. CANE Rev. 1 link with PRODROM is ensured at four digits level (class), since PRODROM headings were established by detailing elementary sub-classes of CPSA 2002, and the link of CANE Rev. 2 with PRODROM is ensured at four digits level (class), since PRODROM headings were established by detailing elementary sub-classes of CPSA 2008. 11. Activities definition. In practice, most of the production units carry out activities of mixed nature, namely main activity, secondary and ancillary activities. The identification of secondary activity is needed in view to frame a unit under a certain heading of CANE Rev. 1, respectively CANE Rev. 2.

XI

Activitatea principal, n sensul clasificrii, este identificat prin metoda ordinii descresctoare (de sus n jos). Ea reprezint acea activitate care contribuie n cea mai mare msur la valoarea adugat total a unitii luate n considerare. Activitatea secundar este orice alt activitate din cadrul unitii productoare de bunuri sau servicii. Activitatea auxiliar este o activitate conex, indispensabil funcionrii unei entiti, precum: contabilitate, transport, depozitare, achiziionare promovare, ntreinere i reparaie etc. 12. mprirea teritorial. Din punct de vedere al structurii teritoriale, datele din Anuar sunt prezentate la nivel naional (pe ntreaga ar), precum i pe diferite uniti teritoriale, n funcie de specificul indicatorilor. Unitile teritoriale, dup statutul lor, sunt administrative (comun, ora, ora-municipiu, jude) i non-administrative (macroregiune i regiune de dezvoltare). Pn n anul 1998, prin lucrrile i publicaiile statistice, s-au prelucrat i diseminat, de regul, doar date la nivel de jude, municipii, orae i comune. ncepnd din anul 1998, n structura teritorial i, ca urmare, n publicaiile statistice, au fost prezentate date i la nivelul regiunilor de dezvoltare. ncepnd cu ediia 2008, potrivit Legii nr. 315/2004 privind dezvoltarea regional n Romnia, n structura teritorial sunt prezentate date i la nivelul macroregiunilor, constituite conform Legii privind stabilirea nomenclatorului unitilor teritoriale statistice din Romnia i cerinelor Regulamentului CE nr. 1059/2003 al Parlamentului i al Consiliului European privind stabilirea unui nomenclator comun al unitilor teritoriale de statistic NUTS, publicat n Jurnalul Oficial al Uniunii Europene nr. L 154/2003. 13. Conform Legii nr. 348/14 iulie 2004 privind denominarea monedei naionale a Romniei (ncepnd cu data de 1 iulie 2005), seriile de date exprimate n valori absolute au fost recalculate n lei (RON). Un leu nou (RON) este egal cu 10000 lei vechi (ROL). Seriile de indici nu sunt afectate de denominare.

The main activity, in the sense of classification, is identified by top-down method. This is the activity contributing to the largest extent to the total value added of the concerned unit. The secondary activity is any other kind of activity carried out within the unit producing goods or services. The ancillary activity is an auxiliary activity, indispensable for the functioning of an entity, such as: bookkeeping, transport, storage, purchase, promotion, maintenance and repair a.s.o. 12.Territorial breakdown. From territorial structure standpoint, the data included in the Yearbook are presented at national level (for the whole country), as well as by various territorial unit, depending on indicators specific. According to their status, territorial units are either administrative (commune, town, townmunicipality, county) or non-administrative (macroregion and development region). Till 1998, within the statistical works and publications, only data at county, municipality, town and commune level were, as a rule, processed and disseminated. Beginning with 1998, according to the territorial structure, the statistical publications also included data at development regions level. Starting with 2008 edition, according to the Law no. 315/2004 on regional development in Romania, territorial structure also presents data at macroregional level, constituted according to the Law on setting up the nomenclature of statistical territorial units in Romania and to requirements of the EC Regulation no. 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the setting up of a common nomenclature of statistical territorial units NUTS, published in Official Journal of European Union no. L 154/2003. 13. According to the Law no. 348/ July 14, 2004 on the process of national currency of Romania denomination (beginning with July 1, 2005), data series expressed in absolute values were recalculated in lei (RON). One leu (RON) is equivalent with 10000 former lei (ROL). Statistical indices series are not affected by denomination.

XII

GRUPAREA JUDEELOR, PE MACROREGIUNI I REGIUNI DE DEZVOLTARE COUNTIES GROUPING, BY MACROREGION AND DEVELOPMENT REGION

MACROREGIUNEA 1 / MACROREGION 1 MACROREGIUNEA 2 / MACROREGION 2Satu Mare MARAMURE BOTOANI SUCEAVA Botoani Suceava IAI Iai

MACROREGIUNEA 3 / MACROREGION 3 MACROREGIUNEA 4 / MACROREGION 4

Nord - Vest North - West

SATU MARE

Baia Mare BISTRIA-NSUD

Zalu Oradea BIHOR Cluj-Napoca Cluj-Napoca Trgu Mure HARGHITA Miercurea Ciuc Arad ARAD ALBA Alba Iulia Timioara Deva Sibiu TIMI HUNEDOARA Braov Focani Galai PRAHOVA Reia Trgu Jiu Rmnicu Vlcea SIBIU BRAOV COVASNA Sfntu Gheorghe BACU VASLUI SLAJ CLUJ MURE Bacu Bistria NEAM Piatra-Neam Vaslui

Nord - Est North - East

Centru Center

VRANCEA

GALAI

Vest West

ARGETrgovite Ploieti

BUZUBuzu

Brila BRILA

Tulcea TULCEA

CARA-SEVERIN

Legend / Legend: Orae / Towns Municipii / Municipalities Reedine de jude / County residence Judee / Counties Regiuni de dezvoltare / Development regions

Drobeta Turnu Severin

GORJ

VLCEA

Piteti

DMBOVIA IALOMIA ILFOV Slobozia CLRAI CONSTANA

MEHEDINISlatina Craiova DOLJ Alexandria GIURGIU Giurgiu BUCURETI

Clrai Constana

Sud - Est South - East

OLT

TELEORMAN

Sud - Vest Oltenia South - West Oltenia

Sud - Muntenia South - Muntenia

Bucureti - Ilfov Bucharest - Ilfov

GRUPAREA JUDEELOR, PE MACROREGIUNI I REGIUNI DE DEZVOLTARE COUNTIES GROUPING, BY MACROREGION AND DEVELOPMENT REGIONMacroregiunea Macroregion MACROREGIUNEA UNU MACROREGION ONE Regiunea de dezvoltare Development region Nord - Vest North - West Judeul County Bihor Bistria-Nsud Cluj Maramure Satu Mare Slaj Alba Braov Covasna Harghita Mure Sibiu Bacu Botoani Iai Neam Suceava Vaslui Brila Buzu Constana Galai Tulcea Vrancea Arge Clrai Dmbovia Giurgiu Ialomia Prahova Teleorman Ilfov Municipiul Bucureti Bucharest Municipality Dolj Gorj Mehedini Olt Vlcea Arad Cara-Severin Hunedoara Timi

Centru Center

MACROREGIUNEA DOI MACROREGION TWO

Nord - Est North - East

Sud - Est South - East

MACROREGIUNEA TREI MACROREGION THREE

Sud - Muntenia South - Muntenia

Bucureti - Ilfov Bucharest - Ilfov MACROREGIUNEA PATRU MACROREGION FOUR Sud - Vest Oltenia South - West Oltenia

Vest West

Not: Datele statistice n profil teritorial sunt prezentate pe judee, conform Decretului - Lege nr. 2/1968 cu modificrile ulterioare, iar judeele au fost grupate pe regiuni de dezvoltare. Prin rectificarea aprut n Legea nr. 315/28.06.2004 privind dezvoltarea regional n Romnia, au fost redenumite trei regiuni, dup cum urmeaz: - Regiunea de dezvoltare Sud este redenumit Sud - Muntenia, - Regiunea de dezvoltare Sud - Vest este redenumit Sud - Vest Oltenia, - Regiunea de dezvoltare Bucureti este redenumit Bucureti - Ilfov. S-au constituit patru macroregiuni, conform Legii privind stabilirea nomenclatorului unitilor teritoriale statistice din Romnia i cerinelor Regulamentului CE nr. 1059/2003 al Parlamentului i al Consiliului European privind stabilirea unui nomenclator comun al unitilor teritoriale de statistic NUTS, publicat n Jurnalul Oficial al Uniunii Europene nr. L 154/2003.

Denumirile oficiale ale macroregiunilor sunt prezentate n tabele, n mod convenional, n expresie numeric.Note: Statistical data at territorial level are presented by county, according to the Decree - Law no. 2/1968 further amended, while the counties were grouped by development region. Through the rectification introduced in Law no. 315/28.06.2004 on regional development in Romania, three regions were renamed, as follows: - The development region South is renamed South - Muntenia, - The development region South - West is renamed South - West Oltenia, - The development region Bucharest is renamed Bucharest - Ilfov. Four macroregions were constituted, according to the Law on setting up the nomenclature of statistical territorial units in Romania and to the requirements of the EC Regulation no. 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the setting up of a common nomenclature of statistical territorial units NUTS, published in Official Journal of European Union no. L 154/2003.

The official names of the macroregions are presented in the tables, conventionaly, by numerical expression.

XIV

Anexa nr. 1 Annex no. 1 CLASIFICAREA ACTIVITILOR DIN ECONOMIA NAIONAL CAEN Rev. 2 (aprobat prin Ordinul nr. 337/20. IV. 2007 privind actualizarea Clasificrii activitilor din economia naional - CAEN, publicat n M.O. nr. 293/03. V.2007 i revizuit n M.O. nr. 403/29. V.2008) THE CLASSIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY CANE Rev. 2 (approved through Order no. 337/20. IV. 2007 on the classification of activities in the national economy - CANE updating, published in the Official Journal no. 293/03. V. 2007 and revised in the Official Journal no. 403/29. V. 2008)Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division A 01 02 03 B 05 06 07 08 09 C 10 11 12 13 14 15 AGRICULTUR, SILVICULTUR I PESCUIT Agricultur, vntoare i servicii anexe Silvicultur i exploatare forestier Pescuitul i acvacultura INDUSTRIA EXTRACTIV Extracia crbunelui superior i inferior Extracia petrolului brut i a gazelor naturale Extracia minereurilor metalifere Alte activiti extractive Activiti de servicii anexe extraciei INDUSTRIA PRELUCRTOARE Industria alimentar Fabricarea buturilor Fabricarea produselor din tutun Fabricarea produselor textile Fabricarea articolelor de mbrcminte Tbcirea i finisarea pieilor; fabricarea articolelor de voiaj i marochinrie, harnaamentelor i nclmintei; prepararea i vopsirea blnurilor Prelucrarea lemnului, fabricarea produselor din lemn i plut, cu excepia mobilei; fabricarea articolelor din paie i din alte materiale vegetale mpletite Fabricarea hrtiei i a produselor din hrtie Tiprire i reproducerea pe supori a nregistrrilor Fabricarea produselor de cocserie i a produselor obinute din prelucrarea ieiului Fabricarea substanelor i a produselor chimice Fabricarea produselor farmaceutice de baz i a preparatelor farmaceutice Fabricarea produselor din cauciuc i mase plastice Fabricarea altor produse din minerale nemetalice Industria metalurgic Industria construciilor metalice i a produselor din metal, exclusiv maini, utilaje i instalaii Fabricarea calculatoarelor i a produselor electronice i optice Fabricarea echipamentelor electrice Fabricarea de maini, utilaje i echipamente n.c.a. Fabricarea autovehiculelor de transport rutier, a remorcilor i semiremorcilor Fabricarea altor mijloace de transport Fabricarea de mobil Alte activiti industriale n.c.a. Repararea, ntreinerea i instalarea mainilor i echipamentelor Description

AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHING Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities Forestry and logging Fishing and aquaculture MINING AND QUARRYING Mining of coal and lignite Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas Mining of metal ores Other mining and quarrying Mining support service activities MANUFACTURING Manufacture of food products Manufacture of beverages Manufacture of tobacco products Manufacture of textiles Manufacture of wearing apparel Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of travel and leather goods, harness and footwear; preparation and dyeing of furs Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials Manufacture of paper and paper products Printing and reproduction of recorded media Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products Manufacture of basic metals Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products Manufacture of electrical equipment Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture Other manufacturing activities n.e.c. Repair, maintenance and installation of machinery and equipment

16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

XV

Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division D PRODUCIA I FURNIZAREA DE ENERGIE ELECTRIC I TERMIC, GAZE, AP CALD I AER CONDIIONAT Producia i furnizarea de energie electric i termic, gaze, ap cald i aer condiionat DISTRIBUIA APEI; SALUBRITATE, GESTIONAREA DEEURILOR, ACTIVITI DE DECONTAMINARE Captarea, tratarea i distribuia apei Colectarea i epurarea apelor uzate Colectarea, tratarea i eliminarea deeurilor; activiti de recuperare a materialelor reciclabile Activiti i servicii de decontaminare CONSTRUCII Construcii de cldiri Lucrri de geniu civil Lucrri speciale de construcii COMER CU RIDICATA I CU AMNUNTUL; REPARAREA AUTOVEHICULELOR I MOTOCICLETELOR Comer cu ridicata i cu amnuntul, ntreinerea i repararea autovehiculelor i a motocicletelor Comer cu ridicata cu excepia comerului cu autovehicule i motociclete Comer cu amnuntul, cu excepia autovehiculelor i motocicletelor TRANSPORT I DEPOZITARE Transporturi terestre i transporturi prin conducte Transporturi pe ap Transporturi aeriene Depozitare i activiti auxiliare pentru transporturi Activiti de pot i de curier HOTELURI I RESTAURANTE Hoteluri i alte faciliti de cazare Restaurante i alte activiti de servicii de alimentaie INFORMAII I COMUNICAII Activiti de editare Activiti de producie cinematografic, video i de programe de televiziune; nregistrri audio i activiti de editare muzical Activiti de difuzare i transmitere de programe Telecomunicaii Activiti de servicii n tehnologia informaiei Activiti de servicii informatice INTERMEDIERI FINANCIARE I ASIGURRI Intermedieri financiare, cu excepia activitilor de asigurri i ale fondurilor de pensii Activiti de asigurri, reasigurri i ale fondurilor de pensii (cu excepia celor din sistemul public de asigurri sociale) Activiti auxiliare intermedierilor financiare, activiti de asigurare i fonduri de pensii

Description

ELECTRICITY, GAS, STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning production and supply WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE, WASTE MANAGEMENT AND DECONTAMINATION ACTIVITIES Water catchment, treatment and distribution Used water collection and purification Waste collection, purification and disposal; activities of recycling materials recovery Activities and services of decontamination CONSTRUCTION Construction of buildings Civil engineering Specialised construction activities WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE; REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND MOTORCYCLES Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE Land transport and transport via pipelines Water transport Air transport Warehousing and support activities for transportation Postal and courier activities HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS Hotels and other accommodation facilities Restaurants and other catering services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION Publishing activities Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities Programming and broadcasting activities Telecommunications Computer programming, consultancy and related activities Information service activities FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE INTERMEDIATION Financial intermediation, except insurance and pension funding Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding (except compulsory social security) Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation, insurance activities and pension funds

35

E

36 37 38 39 F 41 42 43 G

45 46 47

H 49 50 51 52 53 I 55 56 J 58 59

60 61 62 63 K 64 65

66

XVI

Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division L 68 M 69 70 TRANZACII IMOBILIARE Tranzacii imobiliare ACTIVITI PROFESIONALE, TIINIFICE I TEHNICE Activiti juridice i de contabilitate Activiti ale direciilor (centralelor), birourilor administrative centralizate; activiti de management i de consultan n management Activiti de arhitectur i inginerie; activiti de testri i analiz tehnic Cercetare-dezvoltare Publicitate i activiti de studiere a pieei Alte activiti profesionale, tiinifice i tehnice Activiti veterinare ACTIVITI DE SERVICII ADMINISTRATIVE I ACTIVITI DE SERVICII SUPORT Activiti de nchiriere i leasing Activiti de servicii privind fora de munc Activiti ale ageniilor turistice i a tur-operatorilor; alte servicii de rezervare i asisten turistic Activiti de investigaii i protecie Activiti de peisagistic i servicii pentru cldiri Activiti de secretariat, servicii suport i alte activiti de servicii prestate n principal ntreprinderilor ADMINISTRAIE PUBLIC I APRARE; ASIGURRI SOCIALE DIN SISTEMUL PUBLIC Administraie public i aprare; asigurri sociale din sistemul public NVMNT nvmnt SNTATE I ASISTEN SOCIAL Activiti referitoare la sntatea uman Servicii combinate de ngrijire medical i asisten social, cu cazare Activiti de asisten social, fr cazare ACTIVITI DE SPECTACOLE, CULTURALE I RECREATIVE Activiti de creaie i interpretare artistic Activiti ale bibliotecilor, arhivelor, muzeelor i alte activiti culturale Activiti de jocuri de noroc i pariuri Activiti sportive, recreative i distractive

Description

REAL ESTATE ACTIVITIES Real estate activities PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES Legal and accounting activities Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis Scientific research and development Advertising and market research Other professional, scientific and technical activities Veterinary activities ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICE ACTIVITIES Rental and leasing activities Employment activities Travel agency, tour operator reservation service and related activities Security and investigation activities Services to buildings and landscape activities Office administrative, office support and other business support activities PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE; COMPULSORY SOCIAL SECURITY Public administration and defence; compulsory social security EDUCATION Education HUMAN HEALTH AND SOCIAL WORK ACTIVITIES Human health activities Residential care activities Social work activities without accommodation ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION Creative, arts and entertainment activities Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities Gambling and betting activities Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities OTHER SERVICE ACTIVITIES Activities of membership organisations Repair of computers and personal and household goods Other personal service activities

71 72 73 74 75 N 77 78 79 80 81 82

O 84

P 85 Q 86 87 88 R 90 91 92 93

S 94 95 96

ALTE ACTIVITI DE SERVICII Activiti asociative diverse Reparaii de calculatoare, de articole personale i de uz gospodresc Alte activiti de servicii

XVII

Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division T ACTIVITI ALE GOSPODRIILOR PRIVATE N CALITATE DE ANGAJATOR DE PERSONAL CASNIC; ACTIVITI ALE GOSPODRIILOR PRIVATE DE PRODUCERE DE BUNURI I SERVICII DESTINATE CONSUMULUI PROPRIU Activiti ale gospodriilor private n calitate de angajator de personal casnic Activiti ale gospodriilor private de producere de bunuri i servicii destinate consumului propriu ACTIVITI ALE ORGANIZAIILOR I ORGANISMELOR EXTRATERITORIALE Activiti ale organizaiilor i organismelor extrateritoriale

Description

ACTIVITIES OF HOUSEHOLDS AS EMPLOYERS; UNDIFFERENTIATED GOODS AND SERVICESPRODUCING ACTIVITIES OF HOUSEHOLDS FOR OWN USE Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel Undifferentiated goods and services producing activities of private households for own use ACTIVITIES OF EXTRATERRITORIAL ORGANISATIONS AND BODIES Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies

97 98

U 99

XVIII

Anexa nr. 2 Annex no. 2 CLASIFICAREA ACTIVITILOR DIN ECONOMIA NAIONAL CAEN Rev. 1 (aprobat prin Ordinul nr. 601/26.XI.2002 aprut n M.O. nr. 908/13.XII.2002 privind actualizarea CAEN, aprobat prin H.G. nr.656/1997) THE CLASSIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY CANE Rev. 1 (approved through Order no. 601/26.XI.2002 published in the Official Journal no. 908/13.XII.2002 on CANE updating, approved by Government Decision no.656/1997)Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division A 01 02 B 05 AGRICULTUR, VNTOARE, SILVICULTUR Agricultur, vntoare i servicii anexe Silvicultur, exploatare forestier i servicii anexe PESCUITUL I PISCICULTURA Pescuitul, piscicultura i serviciile anexe Description

AGRICULTURE, HUNTING AND FORESTRY Agriculture, hunting and related service activities Forestry, logging and related service activities FISHERY AND PISCICULTURE Fishing, operation of fish hatcheries and fish farms; service activities incidental to fishing MINING AND QUARRYING Mining of coal and lignite; extraction of peat Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas; service activities incidental to oil and gas extraction excluding surveying Mining of uranium and thorium ores Mining of metal ores Other mining and quarrying MANUFACTURING Manufacture of food products and beverages Manufacture of tobacco products Manufacture of textiles Manufacture of wearing apparel; dressing and dyeing of fur Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness and footwear Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products Publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products Manufacture of basic metals Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. Manufacture of office machinery and computers Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus

C 10 11

INDUSTRIA EXTRACTIV Extracia i prepararea crbunelui Extracia hidrocarburilor i servicii anexe

12 13 14 D 15 16 17 18 19

Extracia i prepararea minereurilor radioactive Extracia i prepararea minereurilor metalifere Alte activiti extractive INDUSTRIA PRELUCRTOARE Industria alimentar i a buturilor Fabricarea produselor din tutun Fabricarea produselor textile Fabricarea articolelor de mbrcminte; aranjarea i vopsirea blnurilor Tbcirea i finisarea pieilor; fabricarea articolelor de voiaj i marochinrie, a harnaamentelor i nclmintei Fabricarea lemnului i a produselor din lemn i plut, cu excepia mobilei; fabricarea articolelor din mpletitur de pai i alte materiale vegetale Fabricarea celulozei, hrtiei i a produselor din hrtie Edituri, poligrafie i reproducerea pe supori a nregistrrilor Industria de prelucrare a ieiului, cocsificarea crbunelui i tratarea combustibililor nucleari Fabricarea substanelor i a produselor chimice Fabricarea produselor din cauciuc i mase plastice Fabricarea altor produse din minerale nemetalice Industria metalurgic Industria construciilor metalice i a produselor din metal, exclusiv maini, utilaje i instalaii Industria de maini i echipamente Industria de mijloace ale tehnicii de calcul i de birou Industria de maini i aparate electrice

20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

XIX

Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division

Description

32 33 34 35 36 37

Industria de echipamente pentru radio, televiziune i comunicaii Industria de aparatur i instrumente medicale, de precizie, optice i fotografice, ceasornicrie Industria mijloacelor de transport rutier Industria altor mijloace de transport n.c.a. Producia de mobilier i alte activiti industriale n.c.a. Recuperarea deeurilor i resturilor de materiale reciclabile

Manufacture of radio, television and communication equipment Manufacture of medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and clocks Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment n.e.c. Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. Recycling

E 40 41 F 45 G

ENERGIE ELECTRIC I TERMIC, GAZE I AP Producia i furnizarea de energie electric i termic, gaze i ap cald Captarea, tratarea i distribuia apei CONSTRUCII Construcii COMERUL CU RIDICATA I CU AMNUNTUL, REPARAREA AUTOVEHICULELOR, MOTOCICLETELOR I A BUNURILOR PERSONALE I DE UZ GOSPODRESC Comer cu ridicata i cu amnuntul, ntreinerea i repararea autovehiculelor i a motocicletelor; comer cu amnuntul al carburanilor pentru autovehicule Comer cu ridicata i servicii de intermediere n comerul cu ridicata (cu excepia comerului cu autovehicule i motociclete) Comer cu amnuntul (cu excepia comerului cu autovehicule i motociclete); repararea bunurilor personale i gospodreti HOTELURI I RESTAURANTE Hoteluri i restaurante TRANSPORT, DEPOZITARE I COMUNICAII Transporturi terestre; transporturi prin conducte Transporturi pe ap Transporturi aeriene Activiti anexe i auxiliare de transport, activiti ale ageniilor de turism Pot i telecomunicaii INTERMEDIERI FINANCIARE Intermedieri financiare (cu excepia activitilor de asigurri i ale caselor de pensii) Activiti de asigurri i ale caselor de pensii (cu excepia celor din sistemul public de asigurri sociale) Activiti auxiliare intermedierilor financiare

ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SUPPLY Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply Collection, purification and distribution of water CONSTRUCTION Construction WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE; REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES, MOTORCYCLES AND PERSONAL AND HOUSEHOLD GOODS Sale, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; retail sale of automotive fuel Wholesale trade and commission trade (except of motor vehicles and motorcycles) Retail trade (except of motor vehicles and motorcycles); repair of personal and household goods HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS Hotels and restaurants TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATION Land transport; transport via pipelines Water transport Air transport Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel agencies Post and telecommunications FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION Financial intermediation (except insurance and pension funding) Insurance and pension funding (except compulsory social security) Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation

50

51

52

H 55 I 60 61 62 63 64 J 65 66 67

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Seciune Diviziune Denumire Section Division K TRANZACII IMOBILIARE, NCHIRIERI I ACTIVITI DE SERVICII PRESTATE N PRINCIPAL NTREPRINDERILOR Tranzacii imobiliare nchirierea mainilor i echipamentelor, fr operator i a bunurilor personale i gospodreti Informatic i activiti conexe Cercetare-dezvoltare Alte activiti de servicii prestate n principal ntreprinderilor ADMINISTRAIE PUBLIC I APRARE; ASIGURRI SOCIALE DIN SISTEMUL PUBLIC Administraie public i aprare; asigurri sociale din sistemul public NVMNT nvmnt SNTATE I ASISTEN SOCIAL Sntate i asisten social ALTE ACTIVITI DE SERVICII COLECTIVE, SOCIALE I PERSONALE Eliminarea deeurilor i a apelor uzate; asanare, salubritate i activiti similare Activiti asociative diverse Activiti recreative, culturale i sportive Alte activiti de servicii personale ACTIVITI ALE PERSONALULUI ANGAJAT N GOSPODRII PARTICULARE Activiti ale personalului angajat n gospodrii personale Activiti desfurate n gospodrii private, de producere a bunurilor destinate consumului propriu Activiti ale gospodriilor private, de servicii pentru scopuri proprii ACTIVITI ALE ORGANIZAIILOR I ORGANISMELOR EXTRATERITORIALE Activiti ale organizaiilor i organismelor extrateritoriale

Description

REAL ESTATE, RENTING AND BUSINESS ACTIVITIES Real estate activities Renting of machinery and equipment without operator and of personal and household goods Computer and related activities Research and development Other business activities

70 71 72 73 74

L 75

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE; COMPULSORY SOCIAL SECURITY Public administration and defence; compulsory social security EDUCATION Education HEALTH AND SOCIAL WORK Health and social work OTHER COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICE ACTIVITIES Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities Activities of membership organization n.e.c. Recreational, cultural and sporting activities Other service activities PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS WITH EMPLOYED PERSONS Private households with employed persons Private households activities producing self-consumption goods Private households services for own purposes EXTRA-TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATIONS AND BODIES Extra-territorial organizations and bodies

M 80 N 85 O 90 91 92 93 P 95 96 97

Q 99

XXI

PRESCURTRI FOLOSITE PENTRU UNITILE DE MSUR ABBREVIATIONS USED FOR UNITS OF MEASUREMENTU.M. M.U. mm m m2 m3 ha (10000 m2) km km2 microgr. mg g kg t tdw l dal hl W kW kWh = unitate de msur = measurement unit = milimetru = millimetre = metru = metre = metru ptrat = square metre = metru cub = cubic metre = hectar = hectare = kilometru = kilometre = kilometru ptrat = square kilometre = microgram = microgram = miligram = miligram = gram = gram = kilogram = kilogram = ton = tonne = ton deadweight = tonne deadweight = litru = litre = decalitru = decalitre = hectolitru = hectolitre = watt = watt = kilowatt = kilowatt = kilowatt - or = kilowatt - hour kVA MVA CP HP kcal Gcal kO '' ' h 0 nr. no. % mii thou mil. mill. mild. bn echiv. equiv. S.A. A.S. buc. pcs. per. garnit. = kilovoltamper = kilovoltamper = megavoltamper = megavoltamper = cal putere = horse power = kilocalorie = kilocalorie = gigacalorie = gigacalorie = kilooctet = kilooctet = secund = second = minut = minute = or = hour = grad = degree = numr = number = procent = percentage = mii = thousands (thou) = milion = million = miliard = billion = echivalent = equivalent = substan activ = active substance = bucat = pieces = pereche = pair = garnitur = set

SIMBOLURI FOLOSITE SYMBOLS USED - = nu este cazul= data not applicable G = grafic = graph *) = date mai mici dect 0,5 = magnitude less than 0.5 **) = date mai mici dect 0,05 = magnitude less than 0.05 ***) = date mai mici dect 0,005 = magnitude less than 0.005

... = lips date= data not available

~ = date nensumabile= nontotalized data c = date confideniale = confidential data

= tabele ce apar numai pe CD-ROM. = tables included only on the CD-ROM.

XXII

GEOGRAFIE, METEOROLOGIE I MEDIU NCONJURTOR

GEOGRAPHY, METEOROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

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CUPRINS TABELE

Pagina Page

TABLES CONTENTS

GEOGRAFIE I ORGANIZARE ADMINISTRATIV-TERITORIAL1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Poziia geografic a Romniei ......................................10 Lungimea frontierelor Romniei ...................................11 Principalele altitudini muntoase ....................................11 Lungimea principalelor cursuri de ap de pe teritoriul Romniei ........................................................13 Principalele lacuri naturale ...........................................14 Principalele lacuri antropice .........................................15 Altitudinea medie a principalelor orae din Romnia ...16 Organizarea administrativ a teritoriului Romniei, la 31 decembrie 2009 ...................................................17

GEOGRAPHY AND ADMINISTRATIVETERRITORIAL ORGANISATIONGeographical position of Romania Length of Romanias borders Major mountain peaks Length of major rivers on Romanian territory Major natural lakes Major anthropic lakes Average height of major towns in Romania Administrative organisation of Romanian territory, on December 31, 2009

METEOROLOGIE1.9 1.10 1.11 Temperatura aerului (media lunar i anual) ..............18 Temperatura aerului (maxima absolut i minima absolut lunar i anual) ...............................20 Precipitaii atmosferice (cantitatea lunar i anual) ....28

METEOROLOGYAir temperature (monthly and yearly average) Air temperature (monthly and yearly absolute maximum and absolute minimum) Precipitations (monthly and yearly quantity)

MEDIU NCONJURTORResurse naturale Ariile protejate, n anul 2009 .........................................30 Rezervaii ale biosferei, n anul 2009 ...........................30 Parcurile naionale i parcurile naturale, n anul 2009 ..................................................................31 Resursele de ap asigurate, potrivit gradului de amenajare, n anul 2009 ............................32 Calitatea factorilor de mediu Calitatea apelor de suprafa, n anul 2009 ..................32 Msuri de protecie a mediului Investiii pentru protecia mediului, n anul 2009 ..........33 Cheltuieli curente interne pentru protecia mediului, n anul 2009 ..................................................................34

ENVIRONMENTNatural resources Protected areas, in 2009 Biosphere reservations, in 2009 National and natural parks, in 2009 Water resources assured, according to the arrangement level, in 2009 Environment factors quality Superficial water quality, in 2009 Environment protection measures Investments for environment protection, in 2009 Internal current expenditure for environment protection, in 2009

1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

1.16 1.17 1.18

SURSA DATELORCercetri statistice: Cercetarea statistic privind cheltuielile pentru protecia mediului, completat de operatori economici i unitile administraiei publice.

DATA SOURCEStatistical surveys: Statistical survey on environment protection expenditure, filled in by economic operators and public administration units.

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Surse administrative: Institutul de Geografie Bucureti; Inspectoratul General al Poliiei de Frontier din cadrul Ministerului Administraiei i Internelor; Administraia Naional de Meteorologie; Ministerul Mediului i Pdurilor; Agenia Naional pentru Protecia Mediului; Regia Naional a Pdurilor; Administraia Naional Apele Romne.

Administrative sources: Institute of Geography Bucharest; General Inspectorate of Border Police within the Ministry of Administration and Interior; National Administration of Meteorology; Ministry of Environment and Forests; National Agency for Environment Protection; National Company of Forests; National Administration Romanian Waters.

GEOGRAFIE I ORGANIZARE ADMINISTRATIV-TERITORIALPrezentare Romnia este situat n centrul geografic al Europei (sud-estul Europei Centrale), la nord de Peninsula Balcanic, la jumtatea distanei dintre Coasta Atlanticului i Munii Ural, n interiorul i exteriorul arcului Munilor Carpai, pe cursul inferior al Dunrii (1075 km) i cu ieire la Marea Neagr. De altfel, paralela 45N cu meridianul 25E se intersecteaz n apropiere de centrul geometric al rii, la 100 km N-V de capitala rii, Bucureti. Cu o suprafa de 238391 km2, Romnia este a 12-a ar ca mrime a Europei. Ieirea la mare nlesnete legturile cu rile din bazinul Mrii Negre, bazinul Mrii Mediterane i, prin intermediul acesteia, cu restul lumii. Litoralul romnesc al Mrii Negre se desfoar pe 245 km, ntre grla Musura (grania cu Ucraina) i localitatea Vama Veche (grania cu Bulgaria). Relieful Romniei se compune din trei trepte majore: cea nalt a Munilor Carpai (cel mai nalt vrf Moldoveanu 2544 m), cea medie care corespunde Subcarpailor, dealurilor i podiurilor i cea joas, a cmpiilor, luncilor i Deltei Dunrii. Delta Dunrii, cea mai tnr unitate de relief, n continu formare, are altitudinea medie de 0,52 m. Caracteristicile principale ale unitilor de relief sunt proporionalitatea (31% muni, 36% dealuri i podiuri, 33% cmpii i lunci) i dispunerea concentric a treptelor majore ale reliefului. Clima Romniei este temperat-continental de tranziie, cu influene oceanice dinspre vest, mediteraneene dinspre sud-vest i continental-excesive din est. Temperatura medie multianual este difereniat latitudinal, respectiv 8C n nord i peste 11C n sud, i altitudinal, cu valori de -2,5C n etajul montan (Vrfu Omu - masivul Bucegi) i 11,6C n cmpie (oraul Zimnicea - judeul Teleorman). Precipitaiile anuale scad n intensitate de la vest la est, respectiv de la peste 600 mm la mai puin de 500 mm

GEOGRAPHY AND ADMINISTRATIVETERRITORIAL ORGANISATIONDescription Romania is situated in the geographical centre of Europe (south-east of Central Europe) at the north of the Balkan Peninsula, at half the distance between Atlantic Coast and The Urals, inside and outside the Carpathians Arch, on the Danube lower course (1075 km) and has exit to the Black Sea. Otherwise, the 45N parallel with the 25E meridian intersects near the geometrical centre of the country, 100 km N-V of the country capital, Bucharest. Romania is the twelfth country of Europe, having an area of 238391 km2. The exit to the sea enables the connections with the countries in the Black Sea basin, in the Mediterranean Sea basin and, by means of this, rest of the world. Romanian seaside of the Black Sea is lying on 245 km, between Musura stream (at the border with Ukraine) and Vama Veche locality (at the border with Bulgaria). Romania's relief consists of three major levels: the highest one in the Carpathians (the highest peak Moldoveanu 2544 m), the middle one which corresponds to the Sub-Carpathians, to the hills and to the plateaus and the lowest one in plains, meadows and Danube Delta. The Danube Delta, the youngest relief unit under permanent formation, has the average height of 0.52 m. Main features of relief units are proportionality (31% mountains, 36% hills and plateaus, 33% plains and meadows) and concentric display of the relief major levels. Romanias climate is temperate-continental of transition, with oceanic influences from the West, Mediterranean ones from South-West and continentalexcessive ones from the East. Multiannual average temperature is latitudinally different, 8C in the North and over 11C in the South, and altitudinally, with values of -2.5C in the mountain floor (Omu peak - Bucegi massif) and 11.6C in the plain (Zimnicea town - Teleorman county). Yearly precipitations decrease in intensity from west to east, from over 600 mm to less 500 mm in the East

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n Cmpia Romn de Est, sub 450 mm n Dobrogea i circa 350 mm pe litoral, pentru ca n regiunile muntoase s ajung la 1000-1500 mm. Apele curgtoare ale Romniei sunt dispuse radial, marea majoritate avnd izvoarele n Carpai. Principalul colector al acestora este fluviul Dunrea, care strbate ara n partea sudic pe o lungime de 1075 km i se vars n Marea Neagr. Lacurile sunt reprezentate prin lacuri naturale (numeroase tipuri genetice) rspndite n toate unitile majore de relief, de la cele glaciare n etajul alpin (Lacul Mioarelor - Fgra la 2282 m) la limanele fluvio-maritime (Lacul Techirghiol la 1,5 m) i prin lacuri antropice, de asemenea n toate unitile de relief. Vegetaia este condiionat de relief i de elementele pedo-climatice, ntlnindu-se o dispunere etajat a acesteia. Regiunile montane sunt acoperite de pduri de conifere (ndeosebi molid), pduri de amestec (fag, brad i molid) i pduri de fag. Pe culmile mai nalte se afl pajiti alpine i tufriuri de jneapn, ienupr, afin, merior i altele. n regiunile de deal i de podi se ntlnesc pduri de foioase n care predomin fagul, gorunul sau stejarul; pe dealurile joase i cmpiile nalte, adesea, principalele specii care alctuiesc pdurile sunt cerul i grnia. Vegetaia de step i de silvostep, care ocupa ariile cu deficit de umiditate din Podiul Dobrogei, Cmpia Romn, Podiul Moldovei, Cmpia Banatului i Crianei, a fost, n cea mai mare parte, nlocuit prin culturi agricole. Fauna Romniei este grupat pe areale difereniate n funcie de biotopul fiecrei specii. n etajul alpin apar elemente relicte precum capra neagr i vulturul de munte. n pdurile carpatine triesc diferite mamifere: urs, cerb, rs, lup, mistre, cprior, veveri i un numr mare de specii de psri. n cteva regiuni muntoase se mai pstreaz cocoul de munte i cocoul de mesteacn; n regiunile de deal i cmpie sunt rspndite: iepurele, crtia, ariciul, diferite psri, oprle, batracieni .a.; pentru zonele de step sunt caracteristice roztoarele (popndul i hrciogul). Fauna acvatic este reprezentat ndeosebi prin pstrv n apele de munte (lostria, mai rspndit n trecut, a devenit destul de rar); clean i mrean n regiunile de deal; crap, biban, tiuc, somn, caras n cele de cmpie i Delta Dunrii; n apele marine teritoriale i pe Dunrea inferioar se ntlnesc i specii de sturioni. Resursele minerale utile ale Romniei sunt variate. Printre principalele resurse minerale utile pot fi menionate: petrolul, cu vechi tradiii de exploatare; gazele naturale; crbunii, n special huila cocsificabil, crbunele brun i lignitul; minereuri feroase i neferoase, zcminte de aur, argint i de bauxit; rezerve mari de

Romanian Plain, under 450 mm in Dobrogea and about 350 mm by seaside, in the mountainous areas they reach 1000-1500 mm. Romanian running waters are radially displayed, most of them having the springs in the Carpathians. Their main collector is the Danube river, which crosses the country in the south on 1075 km length and flows into the Black Sea. The lakes are represented by natural lakes (numerous genetic types) spread in all major units of relief, from glacial ones in the alpine floor (Mioarelor Lake - Fgra 2282 m) to river-maritime banks (Techirghiol Lake at 1.5 m) and anthropic lakes, as well in all relief units. The vegetation is determined by the relief and by pedo-climatic elements, being displayed in floors. Mountainous regions are covered by coniferous forests (especially spruce fir), mixture forests (beech, fir-tree, spruce fir) and beech forests. Higher peaks are covered by alpine lawns and bushes of dwarf pine, juniper, bilberry, red bilberry a.s.o. In the hills and plateaus regions there are broadleaved forests, prevailing beech, common oak or durmast oak; the main forest species often met on low hills and high plains are Quercus cerris and Quercus frainetto. The steppe and silvosteppe vegetation, which covered the areas of low humidity in Dobrogea Plateau, Romanian Plain, Moldova Plateau, Banat and Criana Plain has been mostly replaced by agricultural crops. Romania's fauna is grouped by different areals according to each species biotype. Relict elements as black goat (chamois) and mountain vulture live in the alpine area. In the Carpathian forests live various animals: bear, buck, lynx, wolf, wild boar, roebuck, squirrel and several species of birds. In a few mountainous areas both mountain cock and birch cock are still met. In the hill and field areas there are hares, moles, hedgehogs, various birds, lizards, batrachia a.s.o.; rodent animals as gopher and hamster are characteristic for the steppe areas. Water fauna is represented especially by trout in the mountainous waters (huck which was mostly spread in the past has become quite rare); dace and barbel in the hill region; carp, perch, pike, sheat fish, crucian in the field region and Danube Delta; sturgeon species are also met in the marine territorial waters and on the downstream Danube. Romania's useful minerals resources are various. Among the main useful minerals resources we can mention: crude oil, with old exploitation traditions; natural gas; coal, especially coking pitcoal, brown coal and lignite; ferrous and non-ferrous ores, gold, silver and bauxite ore deposits; vast reserves of salt as well as

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sare, precum i o serie de resurse nemetalifere. O categorie aparte a bogiilor de subsol o constituie cele peste 2000 de izvoare de ape minerale, cu valene pentru consum i tratamente medicale. Teritoriul Romniei este mprit din punct de vedere administrativ n: sate, comune, orae, municipii i judee. Conform Legii privind stabilirea nomenclatorului unitilor teritoriale statistice din Romnia s-au constituit patru macroregiuni (n concordan cu prevederile Legii nr.315/2004 privind dezvoltarea regional n Romnia i armonizarea cu cerinele Regulamentului CE nr.1059/2003 al Parlamentului i al Consiliului European privind stabilirea unui nomenclator comun al unitilor teritoriale de statistic NUTS, publicat n Jurnalul Oficial al Uniunii Europene nr.L 154/2003. Macroregiunile nu sunt uniti administrativ-teritoriale i nu au personalitate juridic; sunt constituite pentru a asigura colectarea, elaborarea i difuzarea statisticilor regionale amortizate la nivelul Uniunii Europene. Ca uniti teritoriale (non-administrative) au fost create 8 regiuni de dezvoltare, constituite prin reuniunea mai multor judee. Judeul reprezint unitatea administrativ-teritorial tradiional n Romnia, alctuit din orae i comune, n funcie de condiiile geografice, economice, socialpolitice i de legturile culturale i tradiionale ale populaiei. Teritoriul Romniei este organizat n 42 de judee (inclusiv Municipiul Bucureti). Municipiul este un ora cu un rol economic, social, politic i cultural nsemnat avnd, de regul, funcie administrativ. Oraul reprezint o concentrare uman cu o funcie administrativ i un mod de via specific ariilor urbane i o structur profesional a populaiei n care predomin cea ocupat n ramurile neagricole. Comuna este unitatea administrativ-teritorial care cuprinde populaia rural unit prin comunitate de interese i tradiii, fiind alctuit din unul sau mai multe sate (din care unul este reedin de comun). Satul este cea mai mic unitate teritorial, avnd caracteristicile aezrilor de tip rural. Oraele principale: Bucureti, Iai, Timioara, Cluj-Napoca, Constana, Craiova, Galai, Braov, Ploieti, Brila, Oradea, Bacu, Piteti, Arad, Sibiu. Porturile principale: la Marea Neagr: Constana, Mangalia; la Dunre: Moldova Nou, Orova, Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Calafat, Corabia, Turnu Mgurele, Zimnicea, Giurgiu, Oltenia, Clrai, Cernavod, Hrova, Mcin, Brila, Galai, Tulcea, Sulina.

numerous non-metalliferrous resources. A special category of subsoil riches is constituted by over 2000 mineral water springs, with consumption and medical treatments valences. Romanian territory is divided from administrative viewpoint into: villages, communes, towns, municipalities and counties. According to the Law on setting up the nomenclature of statistical territorial units in Romania, four macroregions were constituted (according to the Law no. 315/2004 on regional development in Romania and harmonisation to the requirements of the EC Regulation no. 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the setting up of a common nomenclature of statistical territorial units NUTS, published in Official Journal of European Union no.L 154/2003. Macroregions are not administrative territorial units and have no legal entity, they are constituted to assure the collection, compilation and transmission of harmonised regional statistics at European Union level. As territorial (non-administrative) units, 8 regions of development were created, gathering several counties. County represents traditional administrativeterritorial unit in Romania, including towns and communes, depending on geographical, economical and social-political conditions and population cultural and traditional relations. Romanian territory is organized into 42 counties (including Bucharest Municipality). Municipality is a town, with an important economic, social, political and cultural role, usually having administrative function. Town represents a human concentration with administrative function and a life specific to urban areas and with a population professional structure where the population employed in non-agricultural branches prevails. Commune is a territorial-administrative unit which comprises rural population united by interest and traditional community, including one or several villages (from which one is commune residence). Village is the smallest territorial unit, having characteristics of rural settlements. Main cities: Bucharest, Iai, Timioara, ClujNapoca, Constana, Craiova, Galai, Braov, Ploieti, Brila, Oradea, Bacu, Piteti, Arad, Sibiu. Main harbours: at the Black Sea: Constana, Mangalia; at the Danube: Moldova Nou, Orova, DrobetaTurnu Severin, Calafat, Corabia, Turnu Mgurele, Zimnicea, Giurgiu, Oltenia, Clrai, Cernavod, Hrova, Mcin, Brila, Galai, Tulcea, Sulina.

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Aeroporturile principale: Bucureti (Henri Coand Otopeni i Aurel Vlaicu - Bneasa), Constana (Mihail Koglniceanu), Timioara (Traian Vuia), Cluj-Napoca, Iai, Arad, Oradea, Baia Mare, Trgu Mure, Suceava, Bacu, Deva, Sibiu, Craiova, Tulcea. Capitala: Municipiul Bucureti (1944226 locuitori, la 1 iulie 2009), mprit n ase sectoare administrative. Prima menionare documentar dateaz din 20.IX.1459, ca reedin a lui Vlad epe. Capital a rii Romneti ncepnd din a doua jumtate a secolului al XVII-lea i Capitala Romniei, din anul 1862, municipiul Bucureti este cel mai important centru politic, economic i cultural-tiinific al rii. Limba oficial: limba romn. Drapelul Romniei este tricolor; culorile sunt aezate vertical n ordinea urmtoare, ncepnd de la lance: albastru, galben, rou. Ziua naional a Romniei: 1 Decembrie. Imnul naional al Romniei este Deteapt-te romne. Forma de guvernmnt a Romniei este republica: Republic, conform Constituiei adoptate n 1991 i modificat n 2003; Puterea legislativ este reprezentat de un parlament bicameral (Camera Deputailor i Senatul), iar puterea executiv este exercitat de guvern, condus de un prim-ministru desemnat de preedintele rii; Preedintele rii este ales n baza rezultatelor alegerilor generale prin scrutin universal pentru un mandat de 5 ani. Moneda naional: Leu, cu subdiviziunea ban. Cursul monedei naionale este stabilit zilnic pe piaa valutar interbancar, moneda de referin fiind euro.

Main airports: Bucharest (Henri Coand Otopeni and Aurel Vlaicu - Bneasa), Constana (Mihail Koglniceanu), Timioara (Traian Vuia), Cluj-Napoca, Iai, Arad, Oradea, Baia Mare, Trgu Mure, Suceava, Bacu, Deva, Sibiu, Craiova, Tulcea. The capital: Bucharest Municipality (1944226 inhabitants on July 1, 2009), organised into six administrative sectors. The first documentary mention was on 20.IX.1459, as residence of Vlad epe. Capital of ara Romneasc since the second half of the XVIIth century and Capital of Romania since 1862, Bucharest Municipality is the most important political, economic and cultural-scientific center of the country. Official language: Romanian. Flag of Romania: is three - coloured; the colours are placed vertically in the following order from the lance: blue, yellow, red. National day of Romania: December, 1. National anthem of Romania is Wake up, Romanian. Government form in Romania is the republic: Republic, according to the Constitution adopted in 1991 and modified in 2003; Legislative power is represented by two chamber Parliament (Chamber of Deputies and Senate), and executive power is carried out by Government led by Prime Minister appointed by the countrys President; President of the country is elected based on general elections results by universal vote for a 5 years mandate. National currency: Leu, with ban as subdivision. The exchange rate is set on the interbank currency market on a daily basis, reference currency being euro.

PRECIZRI METODOLOGICE METEOROLOGIECercetarea proceselor i fenomenelor fizice din atmosfera terestr, care determin starea timpului i clima, are la baz msurtorile i observaiile meteorologice ce se efectueaz permanent sau periodic n diferite puncte de pe suprafaa globului terestru i la diferite nlimi n atmosfera liber. Programul unitar al msurtorilor i observaiilor, precum i alte activiti meteorologice se asigur prin colaborare internaional, n cadrul Administraiei Naionale de Meteorologie, cu Organizaia Meteorologic Mondial. Staia meteorologic reprezint punctul de pe suprafaa terestr unde se efectueaz observaii i msurtori asupra tuturor elementelor i fenomenelor

METHODOLOGICAL NOTES METEOROLOGYThe research on physical processes and phenomena in the terrestrial atmosphere, which determine the weather and the climate, relies on the meteorological measurements and observations, permanently or periodically carried out in different points on the terrestrial globe surface and at various altitudes in the free atmosphere. The unitary programme of measurements and observations, as well as other meteorological activities are assured by international co-operation within National Administration of Meteorology, with the World Meteorology Organisation. The meteorological station represents the point from the terrestrial surface, where measurements and observations on all meteorological elements and

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meteorologice, conform programului stabilit. Majoritatea observaiilor, msurtorilor i determinrilor meteorologice de la staii se efectueaz pe platforma meteorologic situat pe un teren deschis, tipic pentru regiunea respectiv, cu dimensionarea standard de 26 m x 26 m. Pentru cercetarea proceselor i fenomenelor atmosferice i pentru calculul diferiilor parametri meteorologici i climatici, este necesar raportarea observaiilor i msurtorilor, care se realizeaz att n spaiu, ct i n timp. Programul climatologic reprezint complexul observaiilor i msurtorilor meteorologice ce se execut la staii, dup timpul solar mediu local, att la termenele fixe, ct i continuu n 24 de ore. Permanent, la termenele climatologice (1, 7, 13, 19 timp solar mediu local) se efectueaz observaii i msurtori asupra: presiunii atmosferice, vntului, temperaturii i umezelii aerului, temperaturii suprafeei solului, nebulozitii, precipitaiilor, vizibilitii orizontale. Continuu, n tot cursul zilei i nopii se determin caracteristicile tuturor fenomenelor meteorologice (hidrometeori, litometeori, electrometeori etc.). Observaiile asupra temperaturii aerului constau n msurarea temperaturii aerului la termenele stabilite i n determinarea valorilor maxime i minime ale acesteia n intervalele de timp dintre aceste termene. Temperatura aerului se msoar cu instrumente cu citire direct, psihrometrul cu ventilaie artificial, termometrul de maxim cu mercur i termometrul de minim cu alcool i cu aparate nregistratoare (termografe). Pentru ca instrumentele cu care se msoar temperatura i umezeala aerului s nu fie influenate direct de radiaia solar, de radiaia terestr, de precipitaii i de rafalele vntului, ele se instaleaz n adpostul meteorologic situat la 2 m nlime deasupra solului. Msurarea cantitilor de ap ce provin din precipitaii atmosferice sau care se depun din ali hidrometeori se efectueaz cu ajutorul pluviometrului, iar nregistrarea continu a precipitaiilor (lichide) se face cu pluviograful. Cantitile de ap se msoar zilnic la termenele climatologice (1, 7, 13, 19) i se exprim prin grosimea stratului de ap czut, n mm (1mm=1l / m2).

phenomena are carried out in keeping with the programme. Most of meteorological observations, measurements and determinations from the stations are performed on the meteorological area situated on an open land, typical for the respective region, with the standard dimension of 26 m x 26 m. In order to observe the atmospheric processes and phenomena and to compute various meteorological and climatic parameters, it is necessary to report observations and measurements, carried out both in space and over time. The climatic programme represents the complex of meteorological observations and measurements performed at stations, according to the local average solar time, both at fixed deadlines and continuously during 24 hours. Permanently, at the climatic deadlines (1, 7, 13, 19 local average solar time), the observations and measurements are done for: atmospheric pressure, wind, air temperature and humidity, ground surface temperature, cloudiness, precipitations, horizontal visibility. Continuously, during all day and night, the characteristics of all meteorological phenomena (hydrometeors, litometeors, electrometeors a.s.o.) are determined. Air temperature observations consist of air temperature measurement at the observation deadlines and of determining its maximum and minimum values, during the intervals between the climatic observation deadlines. Air temperature is measured with direct reading instruments, the psychrometer with artificial ventilation, the thermometer of maximum with mercury and the thermometer of minimum with alcohol and with recording apparatus (thermographs). In view to ensure that the instruments for measuring air temperature and humidity are not directly influenced by the solar, terrestrial radiation, by precipitations and by wind gusts, they should be placed in the meteorological shelter situated at 2 meters high above the ground. The measurement of water quantities coming from atmospheric precipitations or deposited by other hydrometeors is carried out by means of pluviometer and the continuous recording of precipitations (liquids) is performed with the pluviograph. Water quantities are daily measured at climatic deadlines (1, 7, 13, 19) and they are expressed by the thickness of the fallen water lay