Aspasia

(woman) Moved freely in public. Not a native Athenian. Was well educated and

taught public speaking to many Athenians.

Peloponnesian War

• Sparta vs Athens • Athens grew rich and powerful and Sparta

didn’t trust them.

Funeral Oration

• Pericles gave a speech telling the people of the Great Democracy that they are fighting for.

Why was Athens Defeated?

• Sparta and their allies surrounded Athens• Safe within the walls of the city. • The navy delivered supplies to their allies,

Sparta didn’t have a navy. • 2nd year of the war, a deadly disease swept

through Athens and killed a third of the people including Pericles.

• War lasted 25 years.

Spartans made a deal with the Persians

• For money to build a navy, they gave the Persians some Greek territory in Asia Minor.

• In 405 b.c. the Spartan new navy destroyed the Athenian fleet.

• Athens surrendered • Spartans tore down the city walls, broke up the

empire. • Sparta tried to rule all of Greece for 30 years.• Macedonia was growing powerful in the North.

Myths

• Traditional stories about gods and heroes• Believed gods and goddesses affected peoples

lives and shaped events• Most impressive buildings in Greek cities were

religious temples.

Greeks• Believed gods and goddesses controlled

nature. • God Zeus controlled the sky • Goddess Demeter made the crops grow. • God Poseidon caused earth quakes.

Mount Olympus

• Highest mountain in Greece where the 12 most important gods and goddesses lived.

Gods • Chief god Zeus • Athena Goddess of wisdom and crafts• Apollo goddess of the sun and poetry• Ares god of war• Aphrodite goddess of love• Poseidon god of the sea and earthquakes• Hestia goddess of home• Artemis goddess of the hunt and wild animals• Hades God of the underworld • Hermes Messenger of the God • Hera Goddess of marriage

Prophecy

• A prediction about the future.

Oracle

• A sacred shrine where a priest of priestess spoke for a god or goddess.

• Most famous was the oracle at the temple of Apollo at Delphi. Crack in the floor where volcanic smoke hissed from the crack in the earth.