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Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management Dr. Jaziar Radianti Teknologidagene 2018 Trondheim, 31 October 2018

Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

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Page 1: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management

Dr. Jaziar Radianti

Teknologidagene 2018Trondheim, 31 October 2018

Page 2: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Agenda1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Disaster Management2. Research on disaster management at CIEM3. AI and Limitations4. Concluding Remarks

Page 3: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

1. AI and Disaster Management

Page 4: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Picture: Pixabay License CC0 Creative Commons

Page 5: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Picture: Pixabay License CC0 Creative Commons

What is Artificial Intelligence?

Page 6: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

1950s: “Artificial Intelligence” is “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines”.

Picture: Pixabay License CC0 Creative Commons

McCarthy

AI is the broad concept of machine being able to carry out tasks in a “smart” way.

Page 7: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Source: world Economic forum, 2018. “Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for the Earth”

AI Opportunity for the Environment

Page 8: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Source: World Economic Forum, 2018. “Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for the Earth”

• prediction and forecasting, • early warning system, • resilience infrastructure, • resilience planning

Real-time disaster risk

mapping

Natural catashtropheearly warning

Social media enableddisaster

response A community disaster-

response dataand analytics

platform

Extreme weather eventmodelling and

prediction

Impacts and risk

mitigationanalytics

Smart Agriculture

Automatedflood center

Detectundergroundleaks in water

supply systems

Drones and AI for real-

time monitoring ofriver quality

AI-designedintelligent,

connected and liveable cities

Page 9: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Earth Dashboard?

Picture: Pixabay License CC0 Creative Commons

Page 10: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Common Global First Responders Capability Gaps

(Ihttps://internationalresponderforum.org/)

The ability to :1. know the location of responders and their proximity to risks and hazards in real time (i.e. accurate

geolocation of responders) 2. detect, monitor and analyze passive and active threats and hazards at incident scenes in real time

(e.g. Chemical, Biological, Radiation, Explosive, suspicious behavior, fast moving object).3. identify hazardous agents and contaminants rapidly.4. incorporate information from multiple and non-traditional sources (crowdsourcing, social media) into

incident command operations.

Page 11: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Figures: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/earth/natural_disasters

AI Research in Disaster Risk Management

Page 12: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Crowdsourcing + machine learning

AI, Big Data, Social Media and Emergency Response

• Satellite• Crowdsourcing• Sensor and IoT• Mobile GPS,• Simulation• Combination of

various data• Unmanned

Aerial Vehicle

Page 13: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

2. Research on disaster management at CIEM

Page 14: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

• Top priority research centre at University of Agder, established in 2011

• Interdisciplinary/ multidisciplinary• Collaboration between Faculty of

Social Sciences and Faculty of Engineering and Science

Page 15: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

• Integrated system for real-time TRACKing and collective intelligence in civilian humanitarian missions (12 partners, 8 countries

• CIEM contributions on AI part :– The threat detection module: detecting threat from social

media feed, messages sent by personnel on the ground and news reports.

– The decision support module: choosing one of the alternative actions/mitigation plans based on the predicted threat.(Named-entity recognition-NER and neural network)

Page 16: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Simulations

Fire Detection and Predition

Facial Expression Data Visualization

Smart Glasses + Deep Learning Resilience

Page 17: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

AI and Social Media, Situational Awareness, Cybersecurity

H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018 (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange)2019-2022

CIEMlab

Page 18: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Summary CIEM Research Areas

• Developing community resilience• Climate change, migration and disaster vulnerability• Supporting the next generation operations centre• Multi-level situational awareness• Decision support for humanitarian logistics• Cybersecurity and critical infrastructures

Page 20: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Sources of Limitations

• Discriminating algorithms/bias (racial, gender)

• Low transparency• Malevolent use of AI such as

autonomous weapons

Source: Angwin, J, et. al., 2016

Page 21: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

5. ConcludingRemarks

Page 22: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Conclusions• To find a way to stay relevant in the face of

AI as we realize that AI improves our capabilities in different areas, including decision making

• Opportunities for AI and disaster management

• AI decisions are only as good as the data that humans feed them (to understand AI’s limitations)

• Encourage research on:– AI algorithm transparency, – Explainable AI, – AI risk analysis in various application landscape,– Ethics and AI ethics algorithm.

Picture: Wikipedia

Page 23: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

”Perhaps we should all stop for a moment and focus not only on making our AI

better and more successful but also on the benefit of humanity

(Stephen Hawking at Web Summit, Lisbon, 2017)

Picture: CC0 Creative Commons

Page 24: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

Thank you!

Jaziar Radianti ([email protected])

Page 25: Artificial Intelligence and Disaster Management...Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender

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Reduction, Approaches to Disaster Management John Tiefenbacher, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/55538. • Sharkey, Noel. The impact of gender and race bias in AI, Humanitarian Law and Policy, August 28, 2018• World Economic Forum, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/Harnessing_Artificial_Intelligence_for_the_Earth_report_2018.pdf• Zismos, www.zismos.com