The Academy of Prosthodontics Carol A. LefebvreThe American Prosthodontic Society Gerald N. GraserThe Pacific Coast Society of Prosthodontics Shane N. WhiteThe American Academy of Restorative Dentistry Lloyd L. MillerThe American Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics William F. P. MaloneThe Greater New York Academy of Prosthodontics Hans-Peter WeberThe Southeastern Academy of Prosthodontics Robert ConnorThe American Academy of Maxillofacial Prosthetics Donald L. MitchellThe American Equilibration Society J. Marvin ReynoldsThe Canadian Academy of Restorative Dentistry

and ProsthodonticsAmazis Louka

The Carl O. Boucher Prosthodontic Conference Robert A. StrohaverNortheastern Gnathological Society Farhad VahidiAssociation of Prosthodontists of Canada J. Kenneth SutherlandAmerican Academy of Esthetic Dentistry Baldwin MarchackThe Florida Prosthodontic Association Rill G. BanksThe Mexico City Prosthodontic Society Carlos QuirozAcademy of Prosthodontics of South Africa Duncan Hayden-SmithIndian Prosthodontic Society Suhasini J. NagdaIsrael Society of Prosthodontics Zvi GutmacherThe Turkish Prosthodontics and Implantology

Association (Istanbul)Mehmet S. Beyli

Swiss Society of Reconstructive Dentistry Urs BraggerBritish Society for the Study of Prosthetic Dentistry Robert JaggerEuropean Prosthodontic Association Peter LikemanThe American Dental Society of Europe Paul O’NeillyBrazilian Society of Oral Rehabilitation Claudio Cezar de MirandaJapan Prosthodontic Society Kiyoshi KoyanoItalian Academy of Prosthetic Densitry Dario CastellaniThe Australian Prosthodontic Society Iven J. KlinebergThe Korean Academy of Prosthodontics Jung-Suk HanAmerican Academy of Implant Prosthodontists Sheldon WinklerAcademy of Advanced Prosthodontics in Taiwan Mao-Shen Wang

THE JOURNAL OF

ProstheticDentistry

6A THE JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY VOLUME 88 NUMBER 1

Founded in 1951 byThe Academy of Prosthodontics • The American Prosthodontic Society

The Pacific Coast Society of Prosthodontics

Sponsoring Organizations and Editors