1. Baroque - vivid and exuberant style- popes and cardinals of Rome used this style inbuilding magnificent churches, palaces andtombs to commemorate their names- initially used to underline the emphasis of itsexcess, its abundance of details- reaction to the Renaissance

2. Absolutism Baroque style is the style of ?????- reflecting the centralized state ruled by anautocrat of unlimited powers, as exemplified bythe European kings

3. The FlyingForms

French translation of Baroque

4. - spatialcomplexity- curvedspaces- depth ispronounced-ornamental- theatrical(opera)- dramaticuse of light- large scaleceiling- interior isflat forpainting- peardomes

Baroque Characteristics - 9

5. Counter-Reformation

- quest to restore the dominance of Catholicism- to attract people to convert back toCatholicism

6. Chiaroscuro - use of strong contrasts between light anddark, usually bold contrasts affecting a wholecomposition

7. Frescoes technique of mural painting executed uponfreshly laid lime plaster

8. TrompeL'oeil

- French for deceive the eye- art technique that uses realistic imagery tocreate the optical illusion that depicted objectsexist in three dimensions

9. Church ofthe Gesu'

- mother church of the Society of Jesus- considered "the first truly baroque facade"- model for innumerable Jesuit churches allover the world, especially in the Americas

10. Chiesa delSantissimoNome di Gesuall'Argentina- Church ofthe Most HolyName ofJesus

official name of 'Church of the Gesu'

11. - FrancescoBorromini- GianLorenzoBernini

Frontiers of Mannerism

12. FrancescoBorromini

- born in Italy and studies his craft in Milan- served as an apprentice for Carlo Madernaand Gian Lorenzo Bernini- noted for his comman of spatial effects,structural innovations and design based onthe triangle

13. Gian LorenzoBernini

- dominating figure in Roman Baroque art- Michelangelo of the Baroque- became protege of St. Urban VIII in 1623- awarded the commission for the bronzecanopy in St. Peter's in 1624- expresses grandeur and flamboyance of theCounter-Reformation- represented the theatrical entrepreneurialside of the Roman Baroque, welding the artsof painting, sculpture and architecture intospectacular unified effects

14. BritishBaroqueArchitecturalCharacter

- (1632-1723), was more subdued than that ofits continental counterpart- characterized by monumental, yetrestrained elegance- showed that the essentially grand Baroquestyle could be translated into a small, yeteffective scale

15. Palace ofVersailles

- one of the largest and considered one of themost beautiful palaces in the world- famous not only as a building, but as asymbol of the system of absolute monarchy

16. Court ofVersailles

centre of political power in France from 1682- 1789

17. FrenchGardens:Versaillesand Vaux-le-Vicomte

- followed the tradition of Andre' Le No^tre,head gardener of Louis XIV of France (1638-1715)- inspired by Italian Renaissance gardens ofthe 14th and 15th centuries and ideas ofRene'e Descartes(1576-1650)- were of enormous proportions compared totheir Italian predecessor

Arch 19 - Baroque ArchitectureStudy online at quizlet.com/_f5pid

18. Rococo - from French 'rocaille quoille'- flourished in 18th century- term emerged at the court of LouisXIV (supposed associated to him)- extension of Baroque- this whimsical architecture was tobe finalized by Neo-Classicism- refined the robust architecture ofthe 17th century to suit elegant18th-century tastes- reached its peak in Bavaria

19. Rococo - essentially interior style - playfullydecorated with flowers, birds,ribbons, etc- facet of late Baroque- decorative sculpture and paintingare inseparable from the structure- emerged first in interior decorationsuch as stucco work and churchreredoses or retablos

20. - exuberant anddelicate decoration- unified spaces- less emphasis onstructural elements- continuousdecorative schemes- reduced columnsizes- asymmetricalsurface decoration- more curvilinear- more pervasive andmore extreme- low relief and dainty

Rococo Characteristics - 9

21. - vivid colors replacedby pastel shades- surface reliefreplaced by smoothflowing masses- building structurelightened to renderinterior graceful andethereal

Changes of Rococo to Baroque - 3

22. reredoses (reredos) altarpiece, or a screen or decorationbehind the altar in a church, usuallydepicting religious iconography orimages

23. Baroque and Rococoflourished in Spain

Between 1650 and 1750- a reaction against the formalismof Herrera and his followers

24. remarkably austere works of Juan de Herrera25. extremely rich

ornamentationworks of Jose de Churriguera

26. Churrigueresque - reaction against the severity andrestraint of Renaissance forms- rich ornamentation, undulatingcornices, spirals, balustrades, stuccoshells, and garlands

27. - animation ofsurface- play of light andshade effects- richornamentation

Churrigueresque characteristics - 3

28. Spanish ColonialArchitecture

- combination of the Native Americanand Moorish decorative influences

29. - full bodied andvaried character ofthe Baroque- use of stuccodecoration- twin-toweredfacades

Churrigueresque style in the Americancolonies of Spain Characteristics - 3

Arch 19 - Baroque Architecture