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APPLICATIONSOFNANOFIBERS

By

Pranshul Jain

2009TT10814

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WHY NANOFIBERSHASSOMANYAPPLICATIONS ??

Large surface area .

Small pore size good breathability

Wide range of additives can be incorporated

High porosity

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MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

It is hypothesized that the large surface area ofnanofibers with specific surface chemistry facilitatesattachment of cells and control of their cellularfunctions.

These features of nanofiber mats aremorphologically and chemically similar to theextracellular matrix of natural tissue, which ischaracterized by a wide range of pore diameter

distribution, high porosity, effective mechanicalproperties, and specific biochemical properties.

Ref : Applications of polymer nanofibers in biomedicine and biotechnology

J. Venugopal and S. Ramakrishna

http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=J.+Venugopalhttp://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=S.+Ramakrishnahttp://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=S.+Ramakrishnahttp://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=J.+Venugopalhttp://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=J.+Venugopal

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MEDICAL APPLICATION

Used in drug delivery :

controlled drug release.

lower overall drug consumption

Used as bandages or sutures : Minimizes infection rate, blood lose and is also

also absorbed by the body .

Possibility to add drugs haemostatic or

antimicrobial dressing Anti adhesive effect to the

derma - painless removal of the dressing withoutdestroying newly formed tissue

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Carbon fiber hollow nano tubes, smaller than blood cells,

have potential to carry drugs in to blood cells.

size of red blood cells : 6-7 m

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MEDICAL APPLICATION

In tissue engineering :Almost of human tissues and organs are in nanofiberforms or structures

Fibroblast in corneal stroma Gelatin nanofibers

Nanofibers + Cells Tissue Repair

Nanofibers + Drug, Growth Factor Tissue Regeneration

Ref : Elmarco Nano for Life

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MEDICAL APPLICATION

Ex.

In the Kanzius cancer therapy, single-walledcarbon nanotubes are inserted around cancerouscells, then excited with radio waves, which causesthem to heat up and kill the surrounding cells.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzius_RF_Therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzius_RF_Therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzius_RF_Therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzius_RF_Therapy

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ASA FILTER

Efficiency of a standard cellulose media and nanofiber media

ref: : Donaldson Company Inc.(nanofiber filtration process in transportation)

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ASA FILTER

The efficiency of a filterincreases with decreasein fiber diameter.

Use of nanofilters in cars ..

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ASA FILTER

Nano fibers are also used in water purification,renal dialysis etc.

The substrate is still clean

Surface loaded ultra web filter

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PROTECTIVE CLOTHING APPLICATION Breathing apparatus and protective clothing with

the particular function of against chemical warfareagents such as sarin, soman, tabun and mustardgas from inhalation and absorption through the skin

become special concern for combatants.

Sweatevaporation

Fabric /liningmaterial

NANOFIBERMEMBRANESKIN

Agents

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PROTECTIVECLOTHING APPLICATION

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PROTECTIVE CLOTHING APPLICATION

Current protective clothing containing charcoalabsorbents has its limitations in terms of waterpermeability, extra weight-imposed to the article ofclothing.

A lightweight and breathable fabric, which ispermeable to both air and water vapor, insoluble in allsolvents and highly reactive with nerve gases andother deadly chemical agents, is desirable.

provides good resistance to the penetration ofchemical harm agents in aerosol form.

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AGRICULTURE

Nanofibers are directed onto plants with help ofelectrical forces and air-streams.(stick with nearly100%efficiency)

These carry pesticide.

Ref:Structure formation in polymeric fibers - By David R. Salem(pg-244)

Benefits

Less wastage

But areexpensive

Also used to protect plants from cold circumstances

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IN SENSORS

Polyaniline nanofibers arebeing used

A thin film of polyaniline(a conducting

polymer) coated on electrodes .

Even a small change in resistance is

recorded by the computer.

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ENERGY CONSERVATION

Nanofibers

Carbonnanofibers

Metal oxidesand hydrides

Alignednanorods

Conductingpolymers

Enegy Storage

Capacitors

EnergyTransport- SolarCells

EnergyCapture Optoelectronics

EnergyConversion Fuel Cells

Ref : Energy and Environmental Science by V. Thavasi, G. Singh, S. Ramakrishna

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THANK YOU.