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Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

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Page 1: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid

Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Page 2: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Outline

• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation

Page 3: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Smart grid– Modern electric power-grid infrastructure– For improving efficiency, reliability and safety– With integration of renewable and alternative

energy sources– Through automated control and modern

communication technologies

Page 4: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• The key factor– Online power system condition monitoring,

diagnostic, and protection– Reliable and online information– Avoid power disturbances and outages due to

equipment failures, capacity limitations, natural accidents and catastrophes

Page 5: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Possible Solutions– Traditional wired monitoring systems• Expensive communication cable installations• Expensive regularly maintenance• Not widely implemented today due to high cost

Page 6: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Possible Solutions– Wireless sensor networks• Rapid deployment• Low cost• Flexibility• Aggregated intelligence via parallel processing

Page 7: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Existing and potential applications of WSNs on smart grid– Wireless automatic meter reading– Remote system monitoring and equipment fault

diagnostic

Page 8: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Wireless automatic meter reading– Reduce electric utility operational costs (No need

for human readers)– Online pricing based on online energy

consumption of the customers– Asset protection through advanced remote

monitoring – WSNs provide low-cost and low-power solution

Page 9: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Remote system monitoring and equipment fault diagnostic– Avoid or largely alleviated power-grid and facility

breakdowns– Existing remote sensing, monitoring and fault

diagnostic solutions are too expensive– WSNs provide cost-effective sensing and

communication solution in a remote and online manner

Page 10: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Introduction

• Challenges to apply WSNs in smart grid– Harsh environmental conditions– Reliability and latency requirements– Packet errors and variable link capacity– Resource constraints

Page 11: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Overview

• Previous work– Propose an in-home energy management application– Employ a wireless sensor home area network– Exploit communications among the appliances and an

energy management unit

• This work– Develop the optimization-based residential energy

management scheme– Aim to minimize the energy expenses of the consumers – Schedule appliances to less expensive hours according to the

time of use tariff

Page 12: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Outline

• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation

Page 13: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

System Model

• System Configuration– Home area network– Utilize Zigbee protocol– Divide one day into equal-length timeslots– Various timeslots may have different price

Page 14: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Outline

• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation

Page 15: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)

• The consumer requests are given in advance• Objective function– Minimize the total energy expenses

Page 16: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)

• Constraints– the total duration of the cycles of the scheduled

appliances does not exceed the length of the timeslot that is assigned for them

Page 17: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)

• Constraints– A cycle may start at the end of one timeslot and it

will naturally continue in the consecutive timeslot.– An appliance cycle is fully accommodated without

experiencing any interruptions

Page 18: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)

• Constraints– Bound the maximum delay to two timeslots to

reduce consumer discomfort and to avoid bursts of request

Page 19: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Outline

• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation

Page 20: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)

• Consumer demands are processed in real time• Objective– Decrease the cost of energy usage at home– Minimize the comfort degradation for the

consumers

Page 21: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)

• Scenario

Page 22: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)

• Notations– RFD: reduced function device. – FFD: full function device– PAN(Grey node): personal area network

coordinator

Page 23: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)Check price &

Scheduling

Page 24: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)• START-REQ (a)

– Request to start

• AVAIL-REQ (b)– Request for the availability of energy

• UPDATE-AVAIL (c)– Update the amount of available energy on the unit

Page 25: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)

Page 26: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)

• Personal area network coordinator– Beacon-enabled mode

• Define the duty cycle with the superframe duration of the superframe structure

• Synchronize the nodes in the network• Nodes only communicate in the active period• In Contention Access Period, transmit data by CSMA/CA

Page 27: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Outline

• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation• Conclusion

Page 28: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Simulation Results

Page 29: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Simulation Results

Page 30: Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Presented by Zhongming Zheng

Q & A