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“A GEOINFORMATIC APPROACH TO STUDY
URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF BHUBANESWAR
CITY (ODISHA)”
Ankit Gupta
SRF – NICRA (MoA)
ICAR – IISWC, Research Centre,
Vasad-388306, Dist. Anand (Gujarat), India
Overview
“A GEOINFORMATIC APPROACH TO STUDY URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF BHUBANESWAR CITY (ODISHA)”
• Rapid development along with demographic change is the most direct influencing factors on urbanization and urban change, that makes city planning an important concern to modern India.
• Integration of Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing acts as an effective tool for estimating urban growth and modeling in the recent years.
• The objective is to identify and analyse the Urban Agglomeration of Bhubaneswar, the capital of Odisha state of India
• Remote sensing data, along with increased resolution from satellite platforms, makes an impact on urban growth trend analysis which involves many different methods including index based models.
• Index-based Built-up Index (IBI) is proposed for the rapid extraction of built-up land features in satellite imagery.
Methodology
• This study concentrates mainly upon the Index based model, Index-based Built-up Index (IBI).
• It is derived from three different indices viz.,
• Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI)
• Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI)
• Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI)
• Multispectral satellite imagery of Landsat 7 (ETM+), IRS-P6 (LISS III) & Landsat 8 (OLI) for 1999, 2009 & 2014, respectively has been used.
• Feature extraction has been done by using raster calculator or model builder of ArcGIS 10.1 (ESRI).
“A GEOINFORMATIC APPROACH TO STUDY URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF BHUBANESWAR CITY (ODISHA)”
Results
“A GEOINFORMATIC APPROACH TO STUDY URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF BHUBANESWAR CITY (ODISHA)”
• It has been found that pure urban built-up land has increased in the time series of 1999, 2009 and 2014.
• All the indices viz., SAVI, MNDWI & NDBI results in the extraction of vegetation, water and built-up landform from the study area.
• Somewhat limited in built-up feature extraction as NDBI allow to extract little soil and barren land in it due to same reflectance as of built-up.
• This limitation is overcome by Index-based Built-up index which shows pure dense and sparse built-up feature.
• Index-based Built-up Index enhanced the built-up land feature with a light grey to white tone, while vegetation and water are considerably suppressed as background noise with a dark-grey to black shade.
Results ….continued
“A GEOINFORMATIC APPROACH TO STUDY URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF BHUBANESWAR CITY (ODISHA)”
• To extract the urban built-up land features from the IBI output, a threshold value for 1999, 2009 and 2014 has been manually determined from the IBI outputs.
• Built-up land (after masking) is characterized into three colours viz., Green, Orange and Purple. Built-up portion is not even 50% of the total area as of now but it will increase soon .
S. No. Month-Year Satellite Sensor Resolution
(m)
Area (Sq.
Km.) Total %
1 Oct – 1999 Landsat 7 ETM+ 15 64.34 27.92
2 Oct – 2009 IRS-P6 LISS III 23.5 91.36 39.65
3 Oct – 2014 Landsat 8 OLI 15 107.29 46.57
Conclusion
“A GEOINFORMATIC APPROACH TO STUDY URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF BHUBANESWAR CITY (ODISHA)”
• The values of Index-based Built-up Index shows that Bhubaneswar city is experiencing
Suburbanization & Exurbanization between 1999, 2009 and 2014 & are now
expanding towards the municipal boundaries.
• We can also conclude that freely available geo-spatial data and ArcGIS software can be
used in extraction of various land features with the help of Index based models and for analyzing the urban growth, trend, sprawl, agglomeration & conurbation.
• Index-based Built-up Index is a very useful model for evaluating urban area and
productivity of different land features. The model indicates that mixed trend of urbanization is analysed from study area.
Discussion/ Q&A
