Anti Inflamm

8/3/2019 Anti Inflamm

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EVALUATION

OFANTI-INFLAMMATORY /

ANALGESIC ACTIVITYOF DRUGS

Dr. Inas DarwishDr. Dalia Kamal


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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this practical class you will be able to:

demonstrate the experimental methods

of studying analgesia / inflammation

discuss the analgesic/ anti-inflammatory

activity of drugs.


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Introduction:

What happens afterexposure

to a noxious

Stimulus
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Drugs

Sensation or

Perception of pain

Awareness of pain

Emotional reaction

To painful stimuli

(Reaction to pain)


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Analgesics

Narcotic analgesicsNon narcotic analgesicsNon-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory

drugs NSAIDs'

Morphine, Codeine, others

opiate receptors

severe degree of pain

respiratory depression,

physical dependence.

centrally , peripherally ?

Salicylates, Oxicams,

Fenamates, etc

Anti-inflammatory

Antipyretic

mild to moderate pain

Perceptio

n of pain

Reactio

n topain


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Assessment of analgesic activity

Thermal

methods

Chemical

methods

Induction of pain by

thermal stimuliInduction of pain by

irritant chemicals

Narcotic

analgesics.

Non-narcotic

analgesics.


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Thermal methods

Hot Plate

Tail -Flick

Tail

immersion

Hot water49C


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Chemical methods

Phenyl

benzequinoneAcetic

acid

Irritant

chemicals

Carrageenan-

induced paw edema

Cotton pellet method
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60 C

ExperimentalProcedures

HOT -PlateAcetic acid

induced writhes

Selection of animals

Licking of the paw

Jumping

10 sec.

Nonreactive
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JUMPING


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Analgesic activity of SodiumSalicylate and Morphine

SedationNo of mice licking/ jumping

Before after

30 min. of administration

No. of animals

at the start ofthe experiment

Group

absent455Na salycilate

Present

Straub tail155Morphine

Selection of animals

Grouping

Na salicylate

(600 mg/kg i.p.)

Morphine

(5 mg/kg i.p.)

Recording the reaction

30 min after injection


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Acetic acid-induced writhing in mice:

Control0.2 ml of

normal saline I. P.

Na Salycilatesodium salicylate

300 mg/kg I.P.

After 1/2 hour,

0.2 ml/20g b.wt.

of 3% acetic acidI.P.

Writhes ?

15 min


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contraction of the

abdomen

twisting of the trunk

extention of the limbs

Each Writhe consists of

in thereductionThe percentage

number of writhesfrom the control group is a

analgesic activitymeasure of


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% reduction inNo. of writhes

from the control

AverageNo. of

writhes

No. of writhes

in 15 min.Animal No.Group

26

23

27

30

1

2

3

ControlGroup

46%

14

17

15

9

1

2

3

NaSalicylate

(300 mg/kg)

Analgesic activity of Sodium Salicylate


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Conclusions

1.Hot plate method response due toexposure to heat (noxious) stimuluswas inhibited by morphine but not byNa salycilate .

2.Acetic acid induced writhes arereduced by Na salycilate .

..

..

..


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Questions

1.Mentions the two components of pain

2. Name the important mediators ofinflammation.


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Questions

3. What is the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of salicylates?

4. What is the mechanism of analgesicactivity of morphine?


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Questions

5. Why Salicylates did not inhibitmouse hot plate Method response?

6. Name 2 conditions each where youwill use morphine and Salicylatesas analgesics.


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Questions

Hotplate method is used for screening of morphine, whileacetic acid induced writhes is used for screening of NSAIDs.

Prostaglandins and bradykinin are mediators ofinflammation.

Acetyl saliycilic acid is an example of NSAIDs.

Fill in the space:

..

.


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Questions

Fill in the space:

SedationNo. of micelicking/jumping

before after

Drug

absent55Na

salicylate

present15Morphine


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Questions

Match:

a. Licking of the paw.

b. a chemical method.c. mediators of inflammation

d. an e.g. of narcotic analgesi

e. writhes

f. a thermal method

g. an e.g. of non

narcotic analgesic

Morphine is (d )

Aspirin is (g )

Acetic acid induces (e )

Hot plate is ( f )

Prosaglandins are (c )

Assessment of NSAIDs

is by ( b )


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Anti Inflamm