1
asthma: their relationship with blood eosinophils and serum eosinophil cationic protein. Allergy. 2007;62:1119 –1124. 4. Van den Berge M, Polosa R, Kerstjens HA, Postma DS. The role of endogenous and exogenous AMP in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;114:737–746. 5. Asai K, Kanazawa H, Kamoi H, Shiraishi S, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J. Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in induced sputum in asthmatic patients. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003;33:595–599. 6. Hoshino M, Nakamura Y, Hamid QA. Gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors and angiogenesis in bronchial asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107:1034 –1038. 7. Li X, Wilson JW. Increased vascularity of the bronchial mucosa in mild asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156:229 –233. 8. Beasley R, Roche WR, Roberts JA, Holgate ST. Cellular events in the bronchi in mild asthma and after bronchial provocation. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989;139:806 – 817. 9. Kanazawa H, Eguchi Y, Nomura N, Yoshikawa J. Analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor levels in induced sputum samples from pa- tients with cough variant asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005; 95:266 –271. 10. Bousquet J, Chanez P, Lacoste JY, et al. Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:1033–1039. 11. Horiuchi T, Weller PF. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by human eosinophils: up-regulation by granulocyte macrophage colo- ny-stimulating factor and interleukin-5. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1997;17:70 –77. 12. Abdel-Rahman AM, El-Sahrigy SA, Bakr SI. A comparative study of two angiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor and angio- genin in induced sputum from asthmatic children in acute attack. Chest. 2006;129:266 –271. 13. Chai H, Farr RS, Froehlich LA, et al. Standardization of bronchial inhalation challenge procedures. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1975;56: 323–327. 14. Joos GF, O’Connor B, Anderson SD; ERS Task Force. Indirect airway challenges. Eur Respir J. 2003;21:1050 –1068. 15. American Thoracic Society. Standardization of spirometry, 1994 update. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;52:1107–1136. 16. Yoon KA, Lim HS, Koh YY, Kim H. Normal predicted values of pulmonary function tests in Korean school-aged children. J Korean Pediatr Soc. 1993;36:25–37. 17. Feltis BN, Wignarajah D, Zheng L, et al. Increased vascular endothelial growth factor and receptors: relationship to angiogenesis in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173:1201–1207. 18. Kanazawa H, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J. Thorax. 2002;57:885– 888. 19. Mitsuyama H, Matsuyama W, Iwakawa J, et al. Increased serum vas- cular endothelial growth factor level in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Chest. 2006;129:407– 411. 20. Lee SY, Kwon S, Kim KH, et al. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor in the airway of asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;97:794 –799. 21. Ulrik CS. Peripheral eosinophil counts as a marker of disease activity in intrinsic and extrinsic asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 1995;25:820 – 827. 22. Rytila P, Pelkonen AS, Metso T, et al. Induced sputum in children with newly diagnosed mild asthma: the effect of 6 months of treatment with budesonide or disodium cromoglycate. Allergy. 2004;59:839 – 844. 23. Niimi A, Amitani R, Suzuki K, Tanaka E, Murayama T, Kuze F. Serum eosinophil cationic protein as a marker of eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 1998;28:233–240. 24. Kanazawa H, Nomura S, Yoshikawa J. Role of microvascular perme- ability on physiologic differences in asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;169:1125–1130. 25. Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Widdicombe J. Effects of inflammatory and other mediators on airway vascular beds. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;135: S67–S70. 26. Kanazawa H, Yoshikawa T, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J. Effects of pran- lukast administration on vascular endothelial growth factor levels in asthmatic patients. Chest. 2004;125:1700 –1705. Requests for reprints should be addressed to: Ji Tae Choung, MD, PhD Department of Pediatrics Korea University Anam Hospital 126 –1, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu Seoul 136 –705, Korea E-mail: [email protected] Answers to CME examination—Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, January 2010 Bains SN: Current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of systemic mas- tocytosis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010;104:1–10. 1. a 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. c VOLUME 104, JANUARY, 2010 41

Answers to CME examination—Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, January 2010

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asthma: their relationship with blood eosinophils and serum eosinophilcationic protein. Allergy. 2007;62:1119–1124.

4. Van den Berge M, Polosa R, Kerstjens HA, Postma DS. The role ofendogenous and exogenous AMP in asthma and chronic obstructivepulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;114:737–746.

5. Asai K, Kanazawa H, Kamoi H, Shiraishi S, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J.Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in induced sputumin asthmatic patients. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003;33:595–599.

6. Hoshino M, Nakamura Y, Hamid QA. Gene expression of vascularendothelial growth factor and its receptors and angiogenesis in bronchialasthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107:1034–1038.

7. Li X, Wilson JW. Increased vascularity of the bronchial mucosa in mildasthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156:229–233.

8. Beasley R, Roche WR, Roberts JA, Holgate ST. Cellular events in thebronchi in mild asthma and after bronchial provocation. Am Rev RespirDis. 1989;139:806–817.

9. Kanazawa H, Eguchi Y, Nomura N, Yoshikawa J. Analysis of vascularendothelial growth factor levels in induced sputum samples from pa-tients with cough variant asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005;95:266–271.

10. Bousquet J, Chanez P, Lacoste JY, et al. Eosinophilic inflammation inasthma. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:1033–1039.

11. Horiuchi T, Weller PF. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factorby human eosinophils: up-regulation by granulocyte macrophage colo-ny-stimulating factor and interleukin-5. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol.1997;17:70–77.

12. Abdel-Rahman AM, El-Sahrigy SA, Bakr SI. A comparative study oftwo angiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor and angio-genin in induced sputum from asthmatic children in acute attack. Chest.2006;129:266–271.

13. Chai H, Farr RS, Froehlich LA, et al. Standardization of bronchialinhalation challenge procedures. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1975;56:323–327.

14. Joos GF, O’Connor B, Anderson SD; ERS Task Force. Indirect airwaychallenges. Eur Respir J. 2003;21:1050–1068.

15. American Thoracic Society. Standardization of spirometry, 1994 update.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;52:1107–1136.

16. Yoon KA, Lim HS, Koh YY, Kim H. Normal predicted values of

VOLUME 104, JANUARY, 2010

17. Feltis BN, Wignarajah D, Zheng L, et al. Increased vascular endothelialgrowth factor and receptors: relationship to angiogenesis in asthma.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173:1201–1207.

18. Kanazawa H, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J. Thorax. 2002;57:885–888.19. Mitsuyama H, Matsuyama W, Iwakawa J, et al. Increased serum vas-

cular endothelial growth factor level in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Chest.2006;129:407–411.

20. Lee SY, Kwon S, Kim KH, et al. Expression of vascular endothelialgrowth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor in the airway of asthmaticpatients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;97:794–799.

21. Ulrik CS. Peripheral eosinophil counts as a marker of disease activity inintrinsic and extrinsic asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 1995;25:820–827.

22. Rytila P, Pelkonen AS, Metso T, et al. Induced sputum in children withnewly diagnosed mild asthma: the effect of 6 months of treatment withbudesonide or disodium cromoglycate. Allergy. 2004;59:839–844.

23. Niimi A, Amitani R, Suzuki K, Tanaka E, Murayama T, Kuze F. Serumeosinophil cationic protein as a marker of eosinophilic inflammation inasthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 1998;28:233–240.

24. Kanazawa H, Nomura S, Yoshikawa J. Role of microvascular perme-ability on physiologic differences in asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;169:1125–1130.

25. Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Widdicombe J. Effects of inflammatory andother mediators on airway vascular beds. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;135:S67–S70.

26. Kanazawa H, Yoshikawa T, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J. Effects of pran-lukast administration on vascular endothelial growth factor levels inasthmatic patients. Chest. 2004;125:1700–1705.

Requests for reprints should be addressed to:Ji Tae Choung, MD, PhDDepartment of PediatricsKorea University Anam Hospital126–1, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-guSeoul 136–705, Korea

pulmonary function tests in Korean school-aged children. J Korean

Pediatr Soc. 1993;36:25–37. E-mail: [email protected]

Answers to CME examination—Annals of Allergy,Asthma & Immunology, January 2010 Bains SN: Currentapproaches to the diagnosis and treatment of systemic mas-tocytosis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010;104:1–10.

1. a2. a3. d4. b5. c

41